24—The Daily Collegian Friday, Sept. 13,1985
Under siege
This sign at the entrance of Centre Hall, about 15 miles east of campus, Thursday. Area residents have been trying for years to have, trucks banned
reflects the mood of the borough’s residents after a memorial service last on the steep twlsltlng route over Nlttany Mountain. Residents also drape
night for Lori Long, 18, who was killed by a tractor-trailer on Route 144 last black ribbons throughout the borough yesterday.
'Nuclear winter' would cause famine, study says
By ROBERT FURLOW
Associated Press Writer
• WASHINGTON, D.C. Billions of people who
somehow survived the first blasts of a nuclear war
would merely face drawn-out deaths by starva
tion, an international scientific group said yester
day in a new study supporting the theory of a crop
ruining global “nuclear winter.”
Though an image, of total devastation after a
nuclear attack may well be accurate for areas
around actual targets, one of the report’s authors
said famine conditions in unscathed areas would
be far more typical as hundreds of millions of tons
of black smoke drastically cut sunlight and robbed
crops of needed warmth and light from the sun.
“We are left with images of Ethiopia and the
Sudan as being more representative of what the
world would look like after a nuclear war for most
of the people than the sorts of images we have of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki,” Dr. Mark Harwell of
Cornell University said at a news conference on
the report.
He said it estimated famine deaths of 1 billion to
4 billion of the world’s 5 billion people after direct
blast and radiation effects of actual attacks cost
several hundred million lives. .
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“The main mechanism by which people would
die after a large-scale nuclear war would not be
blast effect, would not be burns, would not be
radiation but rather would be mass starvation,”
he said.
The two-volume report, prepared by a special
committee of the International Council of Scientif
ic Unions, suggests that black smoke from nuclear
attacks on urban areas the main trigger for a
“nuclear winter” would cause sudden and
perhaps long-term declines in temperatures and in
light reaching the Earth, even in nations far from
those attacked.
The findings basically support those of other
groups, including the National Academy of Sci
ences, which have used atmospheric models as
evidence that even a limited exchange could touch
off some form of nuclear winter especially in
inland farm areas away from moderating influ
ences of the oceans. The new report is based on
more detailed modeling and computer work, the
authors said.
The chairman of the study group, Sir Frederick
Warner of Britain, former chairman of the Britisli
National Committee on Problems of the Environ
ment, said, “This effort represents the consensus
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of a prestigious body of scientists. It would be a
grave error to ignore their findings.
Reagan administration officials, on the other
hand, have said repeatedly that they accept the
general concept of nuclear winter but believe it is
one more reason to stick to their policy of seeking
arms control while continuing to build new nuclear
weapons as a deterrent to Soviet attack.
Harwell, associate director of the Ecosystems
Research Center at Cornell, told reporters the new
report’s conclusions “don’t represent the views of
political activists or environmental extremists or
people with any particular policy position, but
rather we feel this is a sober assessment by 200 of
the top world scientists on agriculture and ecologic
systems.”
The group’s report said it was “a plausible
scenario” that a nuclear exchange would include
about 6,000 megatons of explosive force divided
among more than 12,000 warheads. And there was
an assumption that an attacker would hit urban
areas and fuel sources rather than just remote
missile silos, igniting fires that would send hun
dreds of millions of tons of black sooty smoke into
the atmosphere
Scientists from 30 nations, including the Soviet
Union, contributed to the report, the authors said.
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