2—The Daily Collegian Tuesday, Aug. 28,1984
KAL 007:
By TIM AHERN
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON A year after a heat-seeking
Soviet missile blasted a Korean Air Lines 747 out of
the nighttime sky over the Sea of Japan, killing all
269 persons aboard and sending U.S.-Soviet rela
tions into a steep dive, mystery still surrounds the
fate of Flight 007.
New questions have been raised, new data
asserted and new answers proposed. But chances
are that the public will never know for certain why
or how disaster befell this jumbo jet on Sept. 1,
1983.
Answers to some of the questions are elusive
because no one survived and very little wreckage
was found. Search ships heard “pings” from the
submerged “black box” flight recorder for a time,
but it could not be recovered. Other possible
answers remain shrouded in government secrecy.
The flight began in the pre-dawn darkness of
Anchorage, Alaska, the last leg of a trip to Seoul,
South Korea, that had begun the previous day in
New York. ,
Aboard, were 29 crew members and 240 passen
gers, including 61 Americans. Among them was
Rep. Larry McDonald, a conservative Democratic
congressman from Georgia and president of the
John Birch Society, an organization created to
warn the world about communism.
The plane left Anchorage a half-hour late. With
in 10 minutes, it began to stray from its designated
route, “Red-20.” The R-20 path is the most north
erly qf five parallel flight routes on the northwest
ern rim of the Pacific Ocean, a corridor that
passes near sensitive Soviet military facilities.
One is a large missile-firing submarine base on the
Kamchatka Peninsula,
As the off-course KAL 007 droned on through the
darkness and eventually crossed into Soviet air
space near Kamchatka, it was picked up on Soviet
radar screens, and fighter jets went up to find it. It
took them 2% hours, but the Su-15s finally caught it
then one of them shot it down with an Anab
missile.
Here are some of the questions and answers
concerning the flight:
• Why was the plane off course?
Flight 007 was more than 200 miles off “Red 20”
when it was shot down. The United States says it
was lost because of a navigation mistake, and its
pilot didn’t know he was over Soviet territory.
Ground controllers did not spot it because there is
no civilian radar coverage of R-20, most of which
is over water, U.S. aviation officials say.
After an investigation, the International Civilian
Aviation Organization agreed, concluding the
plane’s navigator must have punched the wrong
longitude for Anchorage 149 instead of 139
into the computerized navigation system. Al
though that’s only a theory because the flight
recorder was not recovered, it would have set the
747 on the erroneous course it followed, the ICAO
said.
But the Russians contend the plane intentionally
flew the course it did to photograph sensitive
military installations.
A version of that theory is that KAL 007 was not
necessarily taking pictures but was probing Soviet
air defenses, trying to draw fighter planes up from
the ground. ■ .
The Russians assert that the half-hour delay in
departure from Alaska allowed the Korean airlin
er to coordinate its path with the U.S. space shuttle
then orbiting the Earth so the shuttle could mea
sure Soviet response to the intruding aircraft.
The Russians back up this contention by pointing
to a 15-year .period in the 1950 s and early 1960 s
when U.S. planes frequently penetrated Soviet
airspace to photograph military sites or measure
Soviet responses.
ALLEGHENY WOMEN’S
CENTER
an out patient medical clinic offering
• Abortion —asleep or awake
• Morning After Treatment
• Birth Control
• Related Services
PHONE 412/362-2920
Wpmens
C PYITPY phone nym-ma
Stay ahead
of the game
with
Collegian
Sports
Questions still surround
The Russians shot down at least 11 American
planes on such missions, including the U-2 spy
plane piloted by Francis Gary Powers in 1959. But
such flights generally ended in the mid-1960s when
the development of high-altitude photography and
spy satellites permitted the United States to safely
watch the Soviets from afar.
U.S: officials, including Defense Secretary Cas
par Weinberger, say those contentions are non
sense. KAL 007 was on “absolutely nothing
remotely resembling any kind of (intelligence)
mission,” Weinberger said.
U.S. officials say they would not risk the lives of
269 people to take pictures that could be snapped
by satellites. And U.S. space experts say the space
shuttle that was aloft at the time was orbiting far
to the south of the plane and nowhere hear radar or
radio range of the Korean plane.
• What and when did the U.S. government know
about Flight 007, and why wasn’t the plane warned
it was off course?
The United States and the Soviet Union con
stantly watch each other. Some of the tightest U.S.
surveillance is in the northern Pacific, particular
ly in the Kamchatka and Sakhalin Island areas.
Kamchatka is a target test site for Soviet land
based nuclear missiles, and U.S. spy satellites had
spotted Soviet preparations to test-fire a new
missile the night the KAL.plane was shot down.
That night, the United States had its monitoring
equipment at full power to learn what it could
about the new missile, U.S. officials say.
The monitoring network included land-based
radar in northern Japan and airborne radar and
receivers aboard U.S. RC-135 jets flying across the
“Red 20” route. The Air Force RC-1355, based in
the Aleutian Islands, are modified Boeing 707 s
packed with radar and radios that fly routes near
the Soviet Union.
The U.S. Navy was operating an intelligence
ship, the Observation Island, that night in the
northern Pacific, according to U.S. officials.
The pursuit of the KAL plane by Soviet fighters
CAMPUS LOOP
Buses leaving student parking lot near East Halls
Every 10 minutes
Weekdays
Every 20 minutes’
Saturdays
Sundays .
TIMETABLE
(minutes past the hour)
1. *East Halls
2. Natatorium
3. Shields
4. University Drive
5. Pollock-Shortledge
6. White Building
7. College-Heister
8. ‘College-Alien
9. Bus Depot
10. Rec Hall
11. Library-Kern
12. Forum
13. Creamery
14. North Halls
EFFECTIVE AUGUST 21, 1984
LEANER
THE CAMPUS LOOPS H
7:30 AM - 12:00 AM
7:30 AM- 2:00 AM
12:00 PM-12:00 AM
00* 10 20* 30 40* 50
00* 10 20* 30 40* 50
infamous flight a year later
was monitored by U.S. and Japanese electronic
eavesdroppers, Shultz said, and the tape record
ings of the Soviet pilots talking to their ground
bases was later released in Washington.
Although the United States has not publicly
acknowledged that it tracked the wandering KAL
jet, it is highly likely the plane’s course was
monitored by the U.S. military spy network.
But, say U.S. officials, speaking on Condition
they not be identified, KAL 007 probably wasn’t
warned because none of the watchers thought the
Russians would react by shooting it down. The
general belief, those officials say, was that the
most severe reaction would be simply to chase the
plane away from Soviet territory.
• Did the Soviets know they were shooting at a
civilian airliner?
Hours after the shoot-down, Secretary of State
George Shultz played tapes of the Soviet pilot
telling his base, “The target is destroyed.”
Shultz was harsh in his condemnation, saying
there was “no excuse whatever 1 for this appalling
act” and “the United States reacts with revulsion
to this attack.”
President Reagan was also extremely critical,
declaring his “disgust that the entire world feels at
the barbarity of the Soviet government in shooting
down an unarmed plane.” He added, “Words can
scarcely express our revulsion at this horrifying
act of violence.”
But within days, U.S. officials began softening
their criticism, particularly their contention that
the Russians had knowingly destroyed a civilian
plane.
Within four days, the Pentagon confirmed re
ports that a U.S. RC-135 spy plane had been in the
general area of KAL 007 for a timeand at one point
had passed only 75 miles from the Korean plane,
raising the possibility that the Russians thought
they were shooting at the spy plane.
Furthermore, Shultz had claimed that the Soviet
pilot had gotten close enough for a visual inspec
tion of the KAL plane before he fired, and U.S.
officials said the distinctive nose hump of the 747
made it unlikely that it could be mistaken for
anything else.
But it was later disclosed that the Soviet pilot
had fired his rocket from behind and below the
747; from that position, the 747’s nose hump cannot
be seen. In addition, although the sky was clear,
the half moon did not supply that much light, U.S.
officials said.
“It’s not that easy to do visual identifications in
the dark,” said an Air Force pilot who has flown a
number of fighter missions and who asked not to
be identified.
Although the Russians said their plane had fired
warning shots, Shultz said the tapes gave “no
indication” they had fired any warning, which is
standard international procedure to chase away a
plane.
But the United States changed its story 11 days
after the incident when it issued a revised tran
script of the Soviet pilot’s transmission and said he
had fired his cannon almost six minutes before he
fired the Anab missile.
U.S. intelligence officials are now inclined to
believe the Soviet contention that they thought
they were shooting at the RC-135.
“I think they simply made a mistake,” said one
official, speaking on condition he not be identified.
“The plane was leaving their airspace and they
simply pulled the trigger.”
For two months after the plane was shot down,
the U.S. and Soviet navies hunted the Sea of Japan
for wreckage, particularly the flight recorder that
would yield clues about the plane’s course.
Pentagon officials scoff at reports that the
“black box” was recovered by the United States
but is being hidden because it proves the plane was
really on a spy flight.
ATTENTION
AND QUICKER FOR 84-85
COLLEGE AVE.
BEAVER AVE.
par* * ve
Rec
Hal ! CURTIN BD
l
iiii'.' a miir
M Patti
POLLOCK
!
lIAII £ * p m >
Z (/> CC Z X </) H (0 CC -I I
gas Si a
<°-?8 \ w | 1
rt £ ul S-J O x
< i
America gets pieces that
may fit in Noah's puzzle
NEW YORK (AP) - Samples of
rock and decayed wood that bibli
cal archaeology buffs hope will
prove the existence of Noah’s Ark
have been brought to this country
for laboratory analysis, an expedi
tion spokesman said yesterday.
Expedition member Ron Wyatt
of Nashville, Tenn., said the sam
ples, taken last week from the
southwestern face of Mount Ar
arat in Turkey, would be analyzed
at Galbraith Laboratories in
Knoxville, Tenn., to determine
their content and approximate
SOFT CONTACT LENSES
’lncludes: £
•Vision Examination □ s# CJ
•Lens Care Materials g J
•All major brands available J
Dr. Marshall L. Goldstein
201 E. Beaver Ave. Phone 238-2862
Campus Loop
Hammond
Wheelchair lift van service is
available for persons using
wheelchairs. Service is provided
bus stop to bus stop by prior
scheduling. To schedule call
865-7571 Monday thru Friday,
7:30 AM to 4:30 PM.
He said metal tests indicated the
rocks may contain oxidized
bronze, copper or tin that could
have been used as metal brackets
on a boat. Petrified wood also was
found at the site, he said.
“There is no room for doubt in
my mind that this is a boat,” said
Wyatt.
Wyatt and fellow explorers in
Ankara said the formation they,
uncovered corresponds in size to
the Ark about 450 feet long.
Stadium
cubtwTrd-
Research \
A,B,C Land &
H/n,,, Water
'%/>■
/
Master Harold:
By JOHN EDLIN
Associated Press Writer
HARARE, Zimbabwe When young Master Harold
spat in the face of Sam, a black waiter, blacks
knowingly shook their heads and whites shifted uneasi
ly in their seats.
The scene was in the Zimbabwean production of
Athol Fugard’s critically acclaimed “Master Harold
and the Boys,” currently playing at the Edinburgh
International Festival in Scotland. And the spitting
was for real.
In the work by the South African playwright, Master
Harold is a swaggering 18-year-old white South African
student. Sam Semela is a dignified, middle-aged black
who works as a waiter in the St. George’s Park
Tearoom owned by the youth’s mother.
This' sudden outrageous act, in which Harold vents
his rage on Sam, served as a stark reminder to
Zimbabwe’s racially mixed audiences of an era that
faded in their own country only a few years ago.
The play is set on a rainy Thursday in the South
African city of Port Elizabeth. But it could have been
Salisbury, Rhodesia, before the onetime British colony
became black-governed Zimbabwe on April 18, 1980,
after nine decades of white-minority domination.
The indignity and insensitivity of institutionalized
racial segregation, which Fugard exposes in his plays,
was entrenched in Rhodesian society and was still
vivid in the minds of blacks and whites at the Zim
babwe premiere of “Master Harold” last January.
• one white matron with blue-rinsed hair brushed
tears from her eyes after Harold’s violent outburst. It
was not out of guilt, she insisted, but out of sadness for
“that lovely old waiter.”
Blacks, on the other hand, saw the play as a chilling
cameo of their former suffering in Rhodesia and the
treatment of blacks in South Africa today.
“Master Harold,” which was plucked from a chapter
in Fugard’s own youth, tells of a special relationship
Attorney attempts to prove
client was "argued' to death
By ADOLPHE V. BERNOTAS
Associated Press Writer !
CONCORD, N.H. In an unusual
application of the state’s negligent
homicide law, a prosecutor will try to
prove that a 56-year-old than who
died of a heart attack was literally
argued to death in a dispute.over
about $BO in back rent.
The question revolves around what
qualifies as deadly force, said the
prosecutor, County Attorney William
Payne. “Do you have to have physi
cal contact to commit a homicide?
Can you submit a person to stress you
know or should have known is crimi
nal?”
A Carroll County grand jury indict
ed three adults in the death of Donald
Dodier of Wakefield, who died of a
heart attack while arguing with them
over back rent. A juvenile is being
Play depicts Zimbabwe's racist past
tried separately.
Perley Ryder, 27, Lynda Ryder, 31,
and Daniel Moody, 18, all of Ossipee,
will be tried next month in Superior
Court on negligent homicide charges
that they provoked an argument with
Dodier and knew he had a, heart
condition. The three are free on bail.
“It is a subjective situation,” Pay
ne says. “It might not be deadly force
in your case or mine, but what is
deadly force for a guy with a heart
condition?”
Attorney Harvey Garod, represent
ing the defendants, responds: “Does
this mean that if neighbors get into an
argument venting a grievance about
a trespassing dog and one has a heart
attack that this is negligent homi
cide?”
Garod said the defendants didn’t
know about the heart condition, and
that Dodier himself provoked the
between himself and Sam the waiter and serves as a
political indictment of the apartheid system which
destroyed it.
Fugard really did spit at Sam. The act has haunted
him ever since, and caused him to seek the retired
waiter’s permission before he wrote the play. Sam died
last year in his mid-70s, shortly before the play opened
in Johannesburg.
The incident originated "from a fit of fury and
frustration when Harold, laughing and joking with Sam
and fellow waiter Willie Malopo, was called to the
telephone in the tearoom. He learned from his mother
that his crippled, drunken father, whom he both loves
and loathes, was to return home from the hospital.
Harold feared the return would disrupt his studies.
So, pulling racial rank for the first time, Master
Harold hysterically harangues the black man, and
spits in his face.
The production, by a privately funded company
called Sundown Theatre, played to packed houses
throughout Zimbabwe after its January premiere in
Harare’s tiny Theatre Upstairs. The play opened to
rave reviews on Broadway in 1982, winning a Tony
Award for best actor for Zakes Mokae, who played
Sam.
The Zimbabwe audiences ranged from poor blacks in
the teeming township of Seke near Harare to conserva
tive white farmers.
Now, sponsored by private companies and govern
ment-backed foundations, “Master Harold” is being
presented by the Sundown Theatre at the annual
Edinburgh Festival. The play will run there until
Saturday.
The original Sundown cast a white journalist, a
black hotel waiter and a black company personnel
director has been joined in Edinburgh by a white
Rhodesia-born director, John Haigh.
Haigh, a schoolteacher who emigrated to Australia
the day after the play Opened in Harare last January,
helped launch the Sundown Theatre in 1975.
heart attack by running and getting
upset;
Negligent homicide, which carries
a 3VI>-to-7-year prisoaterm, normally
is associated with deaths involving
drunken driving, and Garod said his
research found few other cases.
But Payne said courts have held
that injury can be inflicted without
battery, and that people have been
convicted of causing death by shockig
or exciting their victims.
New Hampshire law recognizes
“intentional infliction of emotional
distress” and defines deadly force as
any assault or confrontation known
“to create a substantial risk of caus
ing death ...”
The case centers on a piece of land
rented from Dodier by Ruth Moody,
mother of Daniel Moody and Lynda
Ryder and mother-in-law of Perley
Ryder.
Detectives go undercover to catch
Atlantic City prostitutes; fill jail
ATLANTIC CITY, N.J. (AP) the jail became full, said Capt. Peter
Detectives disguised as Vietnam vet- Mucci, who leads the police depart
erans one an amputee in a wheel- ment undercover team,
chair made 20 arrests in an “All in all, it was a very successful
undercover sting in an ongoing battle operation,” said Mucci. “We had to
against prostitution, authorities said stop. The jail couldn’t hold any
yesterday. more.”
Last month, detectives posed as Eighteen women, a 16-year-old girl
wealthy sheiks dressed in turbans and a man were rounded up by detec
and sunglasses and cruised city tives Paul Wegner, posing as a U.S.
streets in a limousine to make 40 Marine veteran, and Larry Ross, who
arrests, a ploy that angered a group tucked his right leg under him while
concerned about ethnic stereotyping being pushed in a wheelchair down
of Arab-Americans
Like the July operation, the four- concentrated,
hour sweep Saturday night and early Ross sported a beard, earring and
Sunday had to be'discontinued when cowboy hat, while Wegner also had a
BUY NOW ---OR
LAYAWAY FOR
LATER!
, U ic l ri\l\M> n*™-^
NEVER BEFORE THIS L •
r!l LOW LEATHER Aft OOW
§^;ss!Bu28 88
ES ®~T shoes values
FRED PERRY to42^____^.
iSF' |^COnVEH^ e J
HCBB
MEN’S I V
RUNNING AND ALL
PURPOSE SHOE
SENSATIONAL HIGH
TOP SAVINGS!
fQconvEßsej
"'' i yp«r
values to 44"
WAYNE SCOTT
DRESS SHIRTS
NEW
STYLES
TAPERED |
AND TALES H
reg.to 20"
WOMEN’S/JUNIORS
CV reg 21°“ TO 39°“
values
Pacific Avenue, where prostitution is
31 88
WOMEN’S FASHION
BLOUSES
1299*179®
WOLVERINE
• CHIC
• LEE
•JORDACHE
IN
• STRAIGHT
LEGS
• SUPPER
STRAIGHT LEGS
• BAGGIES
• CHECKS
• STRIPES
• SOLIDS
WATERPROOF, INSULATED
LUG SOLES
LEE S)QQ
DAYPACKS 3 9«
17 88
TO 1
23 88 j-^J
SPECTACULAR
STQRWIDE SAVINGS!
4^lfiBB
WOMEN’S ■ V
RUNNING AND ALL
PURPOSE SHOE
OUTERWEAR
AN ADDITONAL
20% OFF
TOTAL SAVINGS
60% OFF
values to 28 00
st^Boots
CQBB
\f%JJ value
ALSO
• JANSPORT
A • HIGH SIERRA
\\ • OURDOOR PRODUCTS
'17"t022 99
re g.
12" TO
The Daily Collegian Tuesday, Aug. 28, 1984—3
beard and wore a red Marine Corps
cap and a button reading “13th An
nual Reunion, Sixth Marine Division
Association, Cherry Hill, N.J.”
Wegner also had on a tag reading
“Michael Tsorra,” but Mucci pointed
out that the last name spells "arrest”
backwards.
“Their cover was good,” the cap
tain added.
As the disguised detectives encoun
tered alleged prostitutes, backup pa
trols watched and waited for the
signal to move in
The women were charged with
prostitution and held in the women’s
section of the city jail..
j^convEßse)
CHILDREN’S I “
RUNNING AND ALL
PURPOSE SHOE
CHAMOIS SHIRTS
FALL WEIGHT
10" 1099
EACH I 9
STRAIGHT LEG DENIM
JEANS 14% oz. HEAVY WEIGHT
X/
{■[
13 98
m ®
L 66
MEN’S
14% oz.
HEAVYWEIGHT
STRAIGHT LEG
DENIM JEANS
20 " iO9B
values I W