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111 • . . NI N 111 II
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Lost in space: .•gecond satellite orbits like first
By HARRY F. ROSENTHAL Judging from the orbit, the satellite because they lack the grappling fixtures The third major failure on the trouble- Stewart. They will be the first humans to
Associated Press Writer rocket's motor apparently fired for only necessary to pull them into the space. plagued flight cast a pall over the most venture into the void with no rope to keep
eight to 15 seconds, then stopped abruptly, shuttle. daring part of the mission: today's them from going too far.
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) The its flame snuffed out, Brandes said. To Charles Ordahl, vice president of scheduled first spacewalk by astronauts not
McCandless, 46, and Stewart, 41, will have
space shuttle astronauts launched a second reach the intended "parking" orbit 22,300 McDonnell Douglas Corp., which makes the wearing a lifeline. their backs to the black of the universe
satellite yesterday, but it ended up in a miles over the equator, the rocket engine $7 million rocket stages, speculated that On Sunday, a $450,000 tracking balloon
looking down on their spaceship framed
useless orbit, like its twin launched three had to fire for 85 seconds. "there was some problem with the nozzle of burst as it was being inflated, against the spinning Earth. What they see
days ago, suggesting a common technical The orbits of Palapa and Westar VI are the motor." Westar VI, launched Friday, was found
will be relayed to the ground by television
problem in the satellite rocket motors, an too low for the satellites to be useful. He suggested that the motors may have two days later in a useless orbit, its systems
cameras attached to their helmets.
official said. "Two similar failures after 18 successful ruptured because pressure in the motor intact. It apparently had separated from its
"The orbits are so similar that it's eerie," space firings obviously suggest a common dropped abruptly. booster, a rocket stage called a Payload Only twice before have astronauts
said Richard B. Brandes of Hughes Aircraft technical.problem may have existed with The government of Indonesia called the Assist Module PAM for short. There was ventured out of the shuttle, but each time
Co„ which built the Indonesian Palapa these two (rocket) motors," Brandes said. failure "a major disappointment." no doubt Monday that the PAM burned, at they were tethered to the cargo bay by a
satellite and its twin, Westar VI. The Palapa was in an orbit that was 750 Flight Director. Harold Draughon said the least for the first one-third of its expected nylon cord. The spacewalkers of an earlier
The North American Aerospace Defense miles at its high point and 172 miles at the astronauts did not ask about the satellite time. age —in the days of Gemini, Apollo and
' Command located the Palapa B 2 satellite low point, roughly the same as that of the and were not told of its failure. As far as the astronauts were concerned, Skylab were supplied by airhoses while
about seven hours after its ejection from the Westar VI launched earlier for Western Western Union said its satellite cost $3O their part of the satellite deployment was they were outside. On the moon, of course, •
shuttle Challenger in an elliptical Earth Union. million and that other expenses pushed its done and they could concentrate on today's there was enough gravity one-sixth that
orbit so low that it "cannot perform its There is no way the satellites can be loss to $75 million. Presumably, the nearly showstopper: the jet-propelled excursion of Earth —so that the astronauts didn't
mission," said Brandes. rescued or brought into useful service identical Palapa cost about the same. into space by Bruce McCandless and Robert need tethers. ,
Civil war:
By FAROUK NASSAR
Associated Press Writer
BEIRUT, Lebanon (AP) Anti
government Moslem militiamen
seized most of west Beirut in furious
street battles with the Lebanese
army yesterday and demanded the
resignation of Christian President
Amin Gemayel.
As night fell, a gunship and two
warplanes of the U.S. 6th Fleet
turned their firepower on rebels
who rocketed the U.S. Marine base
at the international airport on.
Beirut's southern edge, a Marine
spokesman reported.
One Marine was wounded and a
French soldier was killed in the new
explosion of fighting, which plunged
the American-backed Gemayel
administrAtion into its worst crisis
since it took office 16 months ago.
Two other Frenchmen and eight
*PP*/
Moslems seize west Beirut, demand Gemayel's resignation
Italian soldiers in the Beirut
multinational peacekeeping force
were also reported wounded.
Police said at least 90 people were
killed and 300 wounded in
yesterday's fighting, pushing the
overall toll to about 160 dead since
the latest round of Lebanon's
intermittent civil war broke out last .
Thursday.
Hooded Shiite Moslem irregulars
and their Druse allies drove
Lebanese army units from most of
their checkpoints on Moslem west
Beirut's main commercial
thoroughfares and residential
neighborhoods.
The fierceness of the fighting was
reminiscent of the 1975-76 civil war.
For the first time Shiite Moslem
leader Nabih Berri called on
Gemayel, a Maronite Christian, to
resign.
"The battle is about to end,
the
daily
Olympic hopefuls?
Sherry Carlin (left) of Houtzdale helps her
daughter, Tiffany, skate to raise money for
Cystic Fibrosis during Sunday's "State Skate"
at the University's Ice Pavillion. Meanwhile, her
son, Custer (bottom), takes a breather from the
day's activities.
one • ian
Photos by Dan Olesk
Lebanon's little shah (Gemayel) is
on the verge of collapse!" Berri,
leader of the Shiite movement
Amal, declared in a radio
broadcast.
Gemayel's Sunni Moslem prime
minister, Shafik Wazzan, had
resigned with his eight Cabinet
members Sunday to clear the way
for a national coalition Cabinet to
try to end the conflict, which pits the
army and the Christian right-wing
Phalangist militia on one side •
against Syrian-supported Druse and
Shiite fighters on the other.
In the United States, President
Reagan issued a statement Monday
deploring "the actions of those who
would destroy the legitimate
government of Lebanon," and
blaming the Syrian government for
the attacks.
White House spokesman Larry
Speakes said the Reagan
Budget cuts student aid
Despite increases, higher ed programs could wind up loser
By ANITA J. KATZ
Collegian Staff Writer
Although funding to College
Work-Study and Guaranteed
Student Loan programs would
increase, funding for other higher
education programs would
decrease if Congress approves
President Reagan's budget for
fiscal year 1985 without revision.
According to information from
the American Council on
Education, student aid programs
would lose about $330 million in
budget cuts. The budget would cut
an additional $llO million from
other higher education programs,
such as cooperative education and
college library programs.
• The American Council on
'Education is a lobbying grail')
which represents the higher
education community to Congress,
said Charles B. Saunders, director
of governmental relations. .
Reagan's budget proposes a 53
percent increase in funding for the
College Work-Study program, from
$555 million to $B5O million and an
increase in GSL appropriations
from $2.3 to $2.8 billion.
But Saunders said the budget is a
warmed-over version of last year's
proposal, which called for the
elimination of Supplemental
Educational Opportunity Grants,
State Student Incentive Grants and
federal capital contributions to
National Direct Student Loans.
The Pell Grant program is
Governor to propose tax cuts
By DAN BIERS
Associated Press Writer
HARRISBURG Gov. Dick Thornburgh will
recommend cutting business taxes by an estimated $BO
million annually as part of his budget proposal,
legislative sources said yesterday.
Thornburgh, who will announce today his $8.5 billion
general fund budget for the fiscal year beginning July
1, has said the proposal will not include any tax
increases.
The governor will also recommend that a new
mortgage foreclosure relief law be paid for by the
lottery fund surplus, according to the sources who
asked not to be identified. Thornburgh has said the
administration hoped Gemayel
"will quickly be able to form a
responsible, broadly representative
government."
Special Middle East envoy
Donald Rumsfeld and other U.S.
officials held urgent talks with
Gemayel at the presidential palace
in suburban Baabda, Lebanese
state radio said. Secretary of State
George P. Shultz, in Brazil, said the
Reagan administration would be,
reviewing its Lebanon policy in the
light of "what emerges."
Walid Jumblatt, leader of the
Druse Progressive Socialist Party,
said in a statement issued in
Damascus, Syria, that any political
settlement with Gemayel's
government was "impossible" and
the president's resignation was
necessary to solve the country's
crisis.
Tuesday, Feb. 7, 1984
Vol. 84, No. 116 16 pages University Park, Pa. 16802
Published by students of The Pennsylvania State University
C)1984 Collegian Inc. •
budgeted for $2.8 billion, the same
amount it received during fiscal
year 1984.
Duncan Helmrich, public
information director for the U.S.
Department of Education, said
although the budget asks for the
elimination of the SEOG program,
funding for the program could
come from the College Work-Study
program.
Institutions could transfer as
much as 50 percent of their .CWS
funds into other grant programs, he
said. Cooperative education and
adult literacy programs, which
would be eliminated by the budget,
could also be subsidized through
work-study, he added.
Increases in federal
appropriations to the GSL program
would increase the amount of
money available to students from
$7.2 billion to $7.5 billion, Helmrich
said. Revisions in the program
would require all applicants to
undergo need tests to determine the
amount of their loans.
Only GSL applicants with family
incomes over $30,000 are required
to submit need tests.
Helmrich said the budget calls
for the restructuring of the Pell
Grant program into a "student self
help program." Students would be
expected to contribute a minimum
of $5OO or 40 percent of their college
costs through loans or work-study
before receiving a grant, he said.
The maximum grant would be
raised from $1,900 to $3,000 and
current funding system, which depends on corporate
contributions, is inadequate.
Lawmakers generally believe that this budget will
not stir up a major partisan battle as did last year's.
Legislative sources said. Thornburgh wants to drop
the 10.5 percent corporate net income tax to 9.5'
percent, effective Jan. 1.
If passed by the Legislature, the tax decrease would
join a number of recent moves designed to improve the
business climate in Pennsylvania.
The governor has said that economic development
will be the top priority of the 1984-85 budget.
Education increases also are expected, including the
$9B million first-year appropriation for Thornburgh's
"Agenda for Excellence" program.
inside
• As, long as snow and ice remain in State College, residents should
remember to clear sidewalks 12-hours after a storm ends or expect to
receive a citation for violating the municipal snow removal ordinance.
Page 2
o Today's Free Lance asks prominent University alumni their directions for
the road to success Page 3
• Instead of traditional Valentine's Day gifts of flowers, candies or cards,
how about something different this year like some computer software or
a pair of diamond earrings?
• Sports looks at the Winter Olympic Games, which start today
index
Classifieds
Comics/crossword
Free Lance
Opinions
Sports
State/nation/world
weather
A few morning clouds will give way to mostly sunny skies today with a high
of 20. Clear and very cold tonight with a low of 2. Sunny and not as cold
tomorrow with a high near 29 by Glenn Rolph
eligibility restrictions would target
aid to students from low-income
families. •
John Brugel, director of the
Office of Student Aid, said he
doubts this budget will have an
effect on University students
because he believes the proposals
will be revised by Congress before
they are approved.
"I don't. think the budget will be
passed the way it was proposed,"
he said.
And Saunders said "the
proposals were ignored by
Congress last year and will
probably be ignored by Congress
this year."
John E. Dean, assistant council
for the House Education and Labor
Committee, said the budget
proposals were "greeted with
disappointment by (committee)
members of both parties."
Dean said committee members
believe more aid should be
appropriated to higher education
than the budget requests.
Committee members are
especially disappointed with
eliminations of graduate assistance
and college library programs and
cuts to programs which supply aid
to minority and low-income
students, he said.
"The budget proposal is a good
faith attempt for the
administration to support higher
education without giving it more
money," Dean said.
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