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Marine deaths:
President says no change to be made in mission; congressmen call for invocation of War Powers Act
By TERENCE HUNT
Associated Press Writer
SANTA BARBARA, Calif. President Reagan, while
expressing "profound sorrow" at the first two combat
deaths of U.S. Marines in Beirut, yesterday ordered that
the size and mission of the peacekeeping forces remain
unchanged.
White House spokesman Larry Speakes, meanwhile,
pointedly suggested Syrian and Soviet complicity in the
shelling that also wounded 14 other Marines.
Reagan, vacationing at his mountaintop ranch, con-
Alexander Ortega Sr., listens to consolations from President Reagan as his wife, Helen, silently sobs on his shoulder.
Their son, Staff Sgt. Alexander Ortega, Jr., 25, was killed in Lebanon during Moslem shelling. The Ortega's live in
Henrietta, N.Y.
Economy slows in July
By The Associated Press
New home sales slumped in July
and the U.S. trade deficit worsened,
the government said yesterday. A
separate report offered an encour
aging outlook for job seekers.
Sales of new single-family homes
fell 6.5 percent in July from the
month before, to a seasonally ad
justed annual rate of 620,000 homes.
Despite the slowdown, the latest
month's sales rate was 70 percent
higher than in July 1982.
Sales declined in every region of
the country as an increase in mort
gage interest rates helped slow the
housing industry's recovery from
the recession. Last week a real
estate trade group said July home
resales fell 4.4 percent from June.
The nation's trade position,
meanwhile, continued to weaken
last month. The Commerce Depart
ment said the merchandise trade
deficit excluding investment
transactions and trade in services
such as tourism widened to $6.4
billion from $4.9 billion in June.
U.S. exports fell 2.2 percent from
June while imports rose 4.7 per
cent.
The July shortfall pushed the
merchandise trade deficit for the
first seven months of the year to
$33.6 billion, compared with $19.03
billion in the same period last year.
The U.S. trade position has dete
riorated as the value of the U.S.
dollar has risen on foreign ex
change markets. The dollar's
strength in relation to the curren
cies of the major U.S. trade part
ners makes U.S.-built goods less
attractive to foreign buyers. It also
tends to boost U.S. imports of for
eign-made goods.
Malcolm Baldrige, the Com
merce Secretary, said his depart
ment expects a record $65 billion to
$7O billion merchandise trade defi
cit for all of 1983 and a "much
higher" shortfall in 1984. The trade
deficit last year was a record $42.7
billion.
In a more upbeat report, the
Conference Board said its index of
help wanted advertising rose
sharply throughout the nation in
July, a sign of an improving job
market.'
The index, which measures the
volume of help wanted advertising
in 51 major newspapers, rose eight
points from June and 17 points from
July 1982. The Conference Board is
a business-sponsored group that
regularly reports on economic
trends.
Kenneth Goldstein, an economist
at the Conference Board, said the
latest increase in the help wanted
index meant employment is im
proving "much faster than even the
most optimistic projections of only
a few months ago."
In other economic developments
yesterday:
• The American Iron and Steel
Institute said domestic steel pro
duction rose 5 percent last week to
1.623 million tons. The industry's
production amounted to 56.4 per-
Analysts:
may be a
By ROBERT FURLOW
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON If you didn't
notice the economic boom of 'B3,
don't look now. It's gone. But don't
despair most analysts say it's
fortunate the recovery is cooling
down.
Perhaps not so fortunate for
workers who were laid off during
the recession and still haven't
been called back. But Michael
Evans, president of Evans Eco
nomics in Washington, is not alone
when he says, "If the recovery had
continued at such a pace, the even
tual collapse would been just that
much worse."
The problem, by most accounts,
is that too much growth too fast
can driye up interest rates and
inflation, with the threat of bring
ing the recovery to a sudden halt
rather than just a slowdown.
President Reagan hasn't pub
licly expressed any such caution.
In fact, White House spokesman
Larry Speakes was still bragging
last week about "one of the strong
est recoveries since World War II
. . . exceptionally strong growth
with low inflation."
But economists outside the
White House, some of them in
government, sound more like
Evans. He says the boom if
boom it was "is clearly over,"
and that's not bad.
There is no official government
"boom indicator," so people will
have to decide for themselves
whether this year's recovery from
the 1981-82 recession qualifies.
Some of the figures, however,
have been impressive:
• Explosive growth: The econ
omy expanded at an annual rate of
9.2 percent in the April-June quar
ter the fastest pace in five years
ferred on the matter via telephone with Vice President
george Bush and Secretary of State George P. Shultz in
Washington. Counselor Edwin Meese 111 and national
security adviser William P. Clark, working out of offices
in Santa Barbara, also joined the session.
Earlier, Bush, Shultz, Defense Secretary Caspar Wien
berger and Gen. John Vessey, Chairman of the Joints
Chiefs of Staff, had met as a "special situation" group to
assess developments in Lebanon and draft recommenda
tions for Reagan.
Speakes said Reagan accepted their call for no change
in the size, mission or patrol area of the 1,200 U.S.
cent of capacity during the week,
compared with 53.7 percent the
week before.
• The Federal Home Loan Bank
Board said savers deposited nearly
$4 billion more in savings and loan
associations in July than they with
drew, more than twice the net gain
in June. Also, the board said the
institutions closed $l2 billion in
home loans last month, less than
the record $13.9 billion of the pre
vious month.
slowdown
good thing
and early indications are that
the current quarter is another
very strong one.
• Plunging unemployment:
The jobless rate dropped from 10.8
percent in December to 9.5 per
cent last month, the fastest decline
in decades.
• Soaring house construction:
Housing starts at 'midyear weren't
just improving, they were up near
ly 100 percent from one year ear
lier.
Still, said Robert Ortner, the
Commerce Department's chief
economist, much of the growth
earlier this year was caused by
businesses selling off so much of
their inventories during the long
recession. Thus, even modest re
building of those inventories re
quired big increases in production.
"I'm not sure things ever
spelled boom conditions," says
Sandra Shaber, director of con
sumer economics at Chase Econ
ometrics in Bala Cynwyd, Pa.
But things were moving ahead
rapidly enough to cause Federal
Reserve chairman Paul Volcker to
warn in July that "the speed of the
current economic advance cer
tainly brings the day of reckoning
in financial markets earlier."
He was talking about a potential
colliskin between businesses' bor
rowing needs for expansion during
the recovery, and heavy govern
ment borrowing in support of re
cord federal budget deficits.
As many economists see it,
continuing rapid growth would
make competition for bank loans
so fierce that interest rates inevi
tably would rise sharply.
In addition,.the lag in spending
for business expansion has left
many companies hard pressed to
meet Americans' long pent-up de
mands for cars and other goods.
Marines taking part in the multi-national peacekeeping
force.
Speakes said those issues remain under, continuing
review and indicated it may yet be changed.
The dead were identified as 2nd Lt. Donald Losey, 28,
of Winston-Salem, N.C., and Staff Sgt. Alexander M.
Ortega, 25, of Rochester, N.Y. They were the first killed
under fire• since a contingent of 1,200 Marines was sent to
Beirut a little mote than a year ago as part of an
international peacekeeping force.
A Defense Department spokesman said the wounded
suffered only minor injuries and would not be identified.
The deaths of Losey and Ortega prompted calls by
influential members of Congress for Reagan to invoke
the War Powers Act, a step that would require the
Marines to be withdrawn within 90 days unless Congress
approves keeping them in Lebanon.
"We can no longer have the president denying that
there is imminent danger in Lebanon," said Seh. John
Glenn of Ohio, a contender for the 1984 Democratic
presidential nomination. Such a move also was endorsed
by Rep. Clement Zablocki, • D-Wis., chairman of the
House Foreign Affairs Committee.
Speakes said that while congressional leaders were
being briefed on developments, he did not anticipate any
formal notification to Congress under the War Powers
Act. He did say the "special situation" group ordered a
review to make sure the administration was complying
with the law.
State Department spokesman Alan Romberg said,
however, that the administration's obligations under the
War Powers Act were "under intensive study" as a
result of the fatal attack on the Marines. •He said the
administration will "take whatever action is called for."
Two conservative legislators, Sen. Barry M. Goldwa
ter, and Rep. G.V. "Sonny" Montgomery, D-
Miss., suggested that the Marines be brought home.
"The United States has no business playing policeman
with a •handful of Marines," Goldwater said.
Reagan was awakened at 1:55 a.m. (4:55 a.m. EDT)
by Clark with news of the deaths.
"The president expressed profound sorrow, terming
the death of two U.S. Marines as tragic," Speakes said.
"The president paid tribute to the courage of the Ma
rines in their role as peacekeepers."
Later in the day, the president telephoned relatives of
the two men and expressed his and Mrs. Reagan's
"personal condolences and sorrow," the White House
said.
Weinberger and Marine Corps headquarters here said
the fatal Moslem mortar fire appeared to have been
aimed at Lebanese Army positions in the vicinity of
Beirut International Airport, but, fell short of the target
and struck U.S. positions.
Slain
body
By KARL SCHOENBERGER
Associated Press Writer
MANILA, Philippines Slain opposition leader
Benigno Aquino's body was returned to a suburban
Manila church yesterday for the final stage of a 10-day
wake after a weekend on display in his native Tarlac
province and a triumphal, 11-hour, 65-mile motorcade
back.
Cheering and shouting "Ninoy, Ninoy," Aquino's
nickname, hundreds of thousands lined narrow MacAr
thur Highway in the 11 cities and towns along the way.
Several hundred vehicles followed the Hearse, which
was battered and dented by exuberant crowds that
mobbed it in Tarlac.
As church bells rang, the crowds showered the
hearse with flower petals and held aloft signs reading
"You are not alone."
While most of the crowds were cheerful or exuberant,
one jeep carried the sign "We want justice," and the
young men in it held clenched fists aloft.
"Death to the killers of Ninoy," another sign read.
As the cortege passed through Angeles, where ther
U.S. Air Force's Clark Base is located, 100 doves tied
with black and yellow ribbons were released.
Aquino, President Ferdinand E. Marcos' chief oppo
nent, was assassinated Aug. 21 as three government
guards were taking him off a Chinese airliner on his
return from three years in the United States.
The government said the assassin was immediately '
killed by security men but still has not identified him.
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Motorcycles line both sides of the narrow road leading from Concepcion to Manila where the motorcade carrying the
body of slain former senator Benigno Aquino Jr. traveled yesterday.
Filipino opposition leader's
returns to church in triumph
However, one administration official who spoke only
on condition that he not be identified said the attack may
have been intended to create political pressure in the
United States to withdraw the Marines.
This official said the Syrians, who "clearly are inter
ested in delaying the whole withdrawal" of foreign
forces, had applied pressure on the Shiite and Druse
religious factions, which the administration blamed for
the attack.
Said Speakes: "The Syrian refusal to withdraw (from
Lebanon) is certainly a complicating factor that has an
effect on the situation there, and certainly we are aware
of the Soviet influence on the Syrians."
The United States has no
business playing policeman with
a handful of Marines.'
—Sen. Barry M. Goldwater, R-Ariz
Asked about the possibility of the 1,200 Marines being
withdrawn from Lebanon, Speakes replied: "The Ma
rines are there playing an extremely critical role. It is
our intention that they will stay there to perform this
peacekeeping role that they were sent there (for), and
that they have been largely successful in doing."
"We think it is an essential ingredient of U.S. policy,
an essential ingredient of the withdrawal of all foreign
forces from Lebanon and it is an essential ingredient of
the ability of. the Lebanese government to restore their
national sovereignty," Speakes added.
While the role of the Marines is being examined, it is
known that sentiment is hardening within the adminis
tration against increasing the number of U.S. troops in
Lebanon.
A senior U.S. official, who spoke only with the under
standing that he would remain anonymous, said the
administration might ask the Israelis to further delay
redeployment of their troops in Lebanon to allow for a
more orderly transfer of Lebanese Army forces into the
positions being vacated.
As for the possibility of an expanded role for U.S.
Marines as the Israelis withdraw, the official said that
while no options were being foreclosed, "it is much too
early in the U.S. discussions to rule in or rule out a
limited expansion of their role."
Speakes said the attack on the Marines "does not deter
us from out goals. It does not change our determination
to pursue the president's peace plan, beginning with the
orderly withdrawal of all foreign forces."
The Sunday Times of London on Sunday reported he
was Rolando Vizcarra, a former member of Marcos'
presidential guard.
The only clue announced from the military investiga
tion into the killing was that "Roily," a common
nickname for Rolando, was embroidered on the under
wear of the alleged assassin.
Thousands were on hand at the Church of Santo
Domingo when the cortege arrived shortly before 7
p.m. Guards closed the gates to prevent a stampede
and kept the crowd out for 20 minutes while the casket
was placed before .the altar and made ready for
viewing again.
"He looks like he's smiling," said Aquino's 73-year
old mother as she caressed his face.
After the casket was covered with glass again, the,
long line of mourners began filing past. A flutist and a
guitarist played "Bayan Ko," "My Country," a coloni
al-era ballad comparing the Philippines to a caged
bird. Students revived the song after Marcos declared
martial law in 1972.
The government announced the appointment of an
other retired supreme court justice, 81-year-old Julio
Villamor, to complete the special five-man judicial
commission named to investigate the assassination. It
said he replaced Roberto Concepcion, who declined to
serve because of his health. He is 78.
The chairman of the commission, Chief Justice
Enrique Fernando, met Monday and for the second
time postponed its first open hearing, until Thursday or
Friday.
" 44;
-34 414
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Tuesday, Aug. 30, 1983
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state ,news briefs
Pittsburgh school negotiations tense
PITTSBURGH (AP) The Pittsburgh School Board yesterday
said it will ask a state mediator to schedule the next bargaining
session with teachers because of "bad faith demonstrated by the
union."
The board is angry because details of negotiations became public
after a meeting Sunday, during which 2,000 teachers voted to strike
if no agreement is reached by next week.
Classes began yesterday for the district's 40,000 students. The
teachers' contract expires on Sunday.
The school board said the union broke an agreement not to
"bargain through the media
The teachers, seeking pay raises that would boost most annual
salaries to $40,000 by 1986, voted 1,678 to 248 to strike if no
agreement is reached by next week.
Al Fondy, president of the Pittsburgh Federation of Teachers,
said the school board is offering a pay increse of 3.5 percent a year,
while the teachers are seeking 13.95 percent, 9.09 percent and 10.42
percent over three years.
Pa.'s Ist test-tube baby doing well
PITTSBURGH (AP) --- John Thomas Sable, the first test-tube
baby born in Pennsylvania, was "doing fine" and resting with other
newborns yesterday in the nursery of a suburban Pittsburgh
hospital.
"lle's a lovely little fellow," said Caley Augustine, .a spokesman
for St. Clair Memorial Hospital in Mount Lebanon. "He's doing
fine, and so is his mother."
Thebaby, delivered by Cesarean section Sunday afternoon, was
the first test-tube baby born in Pennsylvania, according to officials
of the Eastern Virginia Medical School at Norfolk, which operates
the leading test-tube baby clinic in the United States.
The boy, who weighed 7 pounds, 14 ounces at birth, was conceived
in vitro, or outside his mother's womb.
His parents, Laura and John Sable of Upper St. Clair, had tried
twice before to have a child through the in vitro process, but failed.
nation news briefs
Nixon: Soviets shopping for Mexico
WASHINGTON (AP) Mexico is the "big enchilada" on the
Soviets' shopping list in Latin America and Cuban communists
have already established a beachhead there with 27 formal
agreements on trade and other forms of cooperation, former
President Richard M. Nixon says in a new book.
Nixon also calls Soviet adventurism the greatest threat to peace
in the Third World.
While praising Mexicans as hard-working and proud, Nixon says
more than a. half-century of one-party government has left the
country "awash in corruption" and that short-sighted policies have
produced an economy in shambles.
Besides, Nixon writes in "Real Peace, A Strategy for the West,"
which he is publishing himself, the Mexican far-left is fanatically
pro-Castro.
Urging support for President Reagan's aid requests for El
Salvador, the former president said, "We have learned over and
over again that once they establish a beachhead, the communists
always want more."
Sunken ironclad's anchor recovered
CAPE HATTERAS, N.C. (AP) Divers using a flotation• bag
retrieved the coral-encrusted anchor of the Civil War ironclad USS
Monitor yesterday, nearly 121 years after it was dropped in a futile
attempt to save the vessel from a storm.
The recovery of the 1,300-pound artifact ended an expedition that
began Aug. 21 and was hampered by bad weather 16 miles
southeast of notoriously stormy Cape Hatteras.
"It's in very good condition, but it's highly encrusted with coral,
shells and sand," said Jack Stringer of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, which sponsored the project with
East Carolina University. "It came up with 6 feet of chain."
The Monitor sank Dec. 31, 1862, despite attempts to turn the
vessel into the lashing waves by dragging the anchor from its 700-
foot chain, said Dina Hill, project coordinator for ECU.
"It was apparently an attempt to turn the bow around, but when
the chain ran out, it pulled the lining out of the anchor well and that
let more water in," she said. "That may have been the final blow "
More students pass
TALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) More than 400 members of
Florida's class of 1983 have finally passed a literacy test and will
receive their high school diplomas, a state official said yesterday.
Students are allowed to take the literacy test as many times as
they want, but they must pass the two-part exam to qualify for
diplomas.
During 1983 graduation ceremonies in May and June, some 1,200
seniors were handed certificates of completion instead of diplomas
because they had flunked the literacy test. They were the first to be
denied diplomas under the test.
The state administered the test again in July, and more than 400
students passed. Therefore, fewer than 800 members of the class of
1983 less than 1 percent have not passed the exam.
The test, designed to find out if students can apply basic
knowledge, covers math and communications.
Education Commissioner f i talph Turlington said students who
failed the literacy test can return to high school for another year or
enroll in adult-education programs.
world news briefs
Letter says Orlandi is being tortured
ROME (AP) A letter purportedly from Emanuella Orlandi
said the kidnapped daughter of a Vatican messenger is being
tortured with "hot irons" by abductors who have held her for more
than two months, the Italian news agency AGI reported yesterday.
The news agency said the letter was mailed Saturday from Rome
and arrived yesterday at the office of Gennaro Egidio, a lawyer
representing Miss Orlandi's family. The 15-year-old girl disap
peared June 22 in downtown Rome.
AGI, quoting unnamed sources, reported that the letter said
Emanuela was tied to a cot in a tiny cell and her captors were
torturing her with hot irons.
The letter also pleaded with Emanuela's parents to meet her
kidnappers' demands but did not say what they are, according to
the Italian news agency ANSA.
Egidio confirmed in a telephone interview that he had received a
two-page, typed letter signed "Emanuela," but refused comment
on its contents: He said the police were examining the letter, and he
refused to discuss its authenticity.
Bicentennial finally ends in Paris
PARIS (AP) More than 1,000 Americans, many lugging
homemade Revolutionary War era costumes, have ayrived in Paris
to celebrate the 200th anniversary of the signing or the Treaty of
Paris, which formally recognized American independence.
The week-long celebration of the bicentennial of the peace treaty
between the 13 original colonies and Britain begins today with a
tour of historical landmarks in Paris marking the American
Revolution and France's participation in it.
Wreaths will be placed at the statue of the Marquis de Lafayette,
the French officer who commanded troops at the decisive battle of
Yorktown, and tomorrow at Paris' Hotel d'York where the treaty
was signed.
literacy test
VZC I?Y
'To
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232 W. Calder Way
with
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No Cover
1 / 4 Draft 8:30-10:30
46%V ery Tues-
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BESIDES CANDY...
We have a large
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and mugs.
128 West College Avenue
Next to the State Theatre
S i}.
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129 E Beaver Ave Open evenings
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Matches
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People do.
The Daily Collegian Tuesday, Aug. 30, 1983-7