opinions
editorial opinion
A right that's not for sale
The language of the First
Amendment is very simple. But the
controversies that swirl around it
are not.
In a preliminary hearing last
week, American Future Systems
a corporation that sells cookware
and other items challenged a
University policy prohibiting dem
onstrations of products to groups in
residence halls.
The company claims the policy
violates its First Amendment free
dom of speech, while the Universi
ty —seeking to protect students'
wish for privacy contends that
the majority of students do not
want outside commercial interests
in the residence halls.
While corporations are defined
as "people" and therefore are af
forded the same First Amendment
protections as individuali, those
protections are not absolute. The
freedoms of one individual or group
cannot be so extensive that they
significantly infringe on another's
rights.
If allowed to conduct demonstra-
reader opinion
Drawing blood
What's the difference between the Red
Cross and Count Dracula? No, this is not a
joke, it's a serious question! I'd say (among
others) that the main difference is that the
Red Cross draws blood form willing donors in
small enough quantities to keep the, donor
healthy, while Dracula gorges himself on,
blood making the rather unwilling donor
weaker with each passing feast.
What's the point? I'll answer this with
another question. Which do you believe best
represents the federal government, the Red
Cross or Dracula? Seeing how Tip O'Neill,
Ted Kennedy, et. al. from the party of high
taxes, inflation, regulation and, oh yes, com
passion, are filing their fangs right now may
provide you with the answer.
Do these folks really believe that taxing the
most anemic profits in recent memory will
somehow enable business to make more prof
its? Do they feel lower profits will help
unemployment? Then they point to the defi
cit. I must remind them, however, that the
well they're using to douse the raging deficit
is running dry.
I feel that the only meaningful way to shore
up the deficit is to concentrate on economic
growth. Healthy business profits and em
ployed workers are essential in order for the
government to reap healthy revenues. Em
ploying people through the "make work"
programs only eats up more t.p revenues,
pelps very few of the unemployed, and only
postpones the problem. Once that appropria-
Expert answers to
By ROBERT A. STRONG
Finance lecturer
Editor's note: Robert A. Strong, a finance
lecturer for the College of Business Admin
istration, fields all sorts of questions from
his students during class. Below are some of ,
the standard inquiries he receives from
students and his answers. Strong will be
writing a bi-weekly financial column to help
students in their personal investments.
Question: My landlady is 93, and her
health is getting progressively worse. What
are my rights as a renter if she dies?
Answer: It is unlikely that your landlady's
death will have any consequences for you.
The technical aspects of your rental
agreement will continue for the term of the
lease, with your rent payments going to the
woman's estate. You may find, however,
that your "new landlord" has different
attitudes towards certain things outside the
lease, such as loud music, parking, etc.
Question: How do consumers go about
reporting mail order fraud?
Answer: The Postal Inspection SerVice is
responsible for investigating violations of
the Mail Fraud Statute. If you feel that you
have been a victim of unscrupulous adver
tising or want to investigate a questionable
work-at-home operation, send the details of
your concern to:
Chief Postal Inspector
Consumer Protection Program
Washington, D.C. 20260
Forms requiring no postage are available
for this purpose at many post offices.
Question: For a young investor such as a
college student, would you recommend a
mutual fund investment or investment in a
specific stock? Why?
Answer: Mutual funds have many advan
tages for the small investor. The most
important of these are probably the auto
matic diversification, the ability to invest
small amounts (a few funds have no mini
mum investment), and the absence of com-
tions, American Future Systems
would do just that.
The University policy protects a
significant community interest
students' privacy in the residence
halls. Without it, demonstrators
from a myriad of companies would
flood the dorms selling their wares.
A mass of demonstrations would
only create a mass of confusion and
disruption, something' students
should not have to live with,
Also, a residence hall is not a
business district. Its function is to
provide housing, not a convenient.
shopping place. If students want to
purchase china or crystal, they can
shop for it in a variety of area
stores.
The University policy is a solid
one that protects a legitimate inter
est.
Demonstrating, with the inten
tion of selling a product, in the
dorms invades student's protected
right of privacy. American Future
Systems shouldn't interfere with
the University's obligation to
uphold that right:
tion is gone, so are the jobs, and where does
the money come from for more appropria
tions? Back to the well!
How can we provide for a healthy business
climate? First, we can lower business (and
our) taxes. Keeping the patient in a perpetual
state of anemia is not going to give you much
blood. But wasn't this already tried? What
about those huge tax cuts? Unfortunately all
those cuts were more than nullified by brack
et creep due to inflation and climbing Social
Security taxes. Very few Americans, the ones
with upper incomes, actually got a lower tax
burden in real terms. Most of us haven't
"felt" this supply-side incentive. Reagan
gave only a few of what he promised us all,
and is suffering the obvious political conse ,
quences.
Cutting back on regulation would also help.
We've spent billions of dollars on implement
ing millions of new laws, but is our society
that much better, if at all? The cost has
clearly outweighed the benefits. Government
has forced business to spend billions to com
ply with regulations, yet business must ac
count for many of these expenditures as
investments. This may help explain why,
adjusted for inflation, business profits have
been falling while real investments have
risen.
We want government to deal with the prob
lems that the market can't solve, but we want
it also to realize that dealing with these
problems is going to affect the market.
Does cutting spending help? More spending
certainly creates inflation, but it doesn't do
mission charges with no-load funds.
By carefully selecting a fund, you can
match its safety and potential return with
youru desires. A useful free directory is
available from the No-Loan Mutual Fund
Association, Valley Forge, Pa. 19481
Question:What are some stocks that re
main relatively stable throughout the fluc
tuations of Wall Street and also offer fairly
high !lividends?
Answer: Stocks with" these characteris
tics are called defensive stocks, meaning
that their fortunes are largely independent
of the business cycle, Included in this group
are the public utilities (American Telegraph
and Telephone, Allegheny Power, Pennsyl
vania Power and Light),' retail food chains
(Weis Markets), tobacco firms (R.J. Rey
nolds), and brewers/distillers (National
Distillers). In general, the highest dividends
will come from the utilities and the other
groups will offer more potential growth.
Question: When drawing up a will, how do
you go about it and at what age or under
what circumstances should it be done?
Answer: A statistic I find unforgiveable is
the fact that 70 percent of the Americans
who die each year do not have a will. If you
die without a will, you are said to have died
intestate, and your, state's laws of intestacy
write your will for you. In Pennsylvania, a
single person dying intestate has their prop
erty written as follows:
I)Child or children receive all divided
equally. (Grandchildren take their de
ceased parents' share.)
2)lf you leave no children, your mother
and father each receive half. If only one
parent survives, tha parent receives all.
3)lf you leave no parents or children, your
brothers and sisters receive all divided
equally.
Only in the case where no relative sur
vives you does your estate become the
property of the Commonwealth of Pennsyl
vania.
If you die leaving a spouse:
gig Collegian
Wednesday, Dec. 15, 1982
Phil Gutis
Editor
The Daily Collegian's 'editorial opinion Is
determined by its Board of Opinion, with the
editor holding final responsibility. Opinions
much goocj to cut spending at a time when,
some social programs (unemployment, wel
fare) are needed the most.
Most people on government assistance
don't need the "spur of poverty" to get to
work now, so why cut back? If we're going to
cut back, do it at a time of prosperity when
people don't have an excuse for not having' a
job! Although this increases the deficit, as
does any spending bill, it at least helps ALL of
the unemployed. Even though I said some
nasty things about the Democrats earlier, the
Republicans are no friend to the unemployed.
I feel our strategy in attacking this problem
is wrong in that the deficit shouldn't be our
first obstacle. Adjusting for inflation, the
deficit has grown little during the past 10 or so
years. Unfortunately, its nominal size is caus
ing the Federal Reserve fits, but jacking up
interest rates is clearly not the answer. Volk
er and Company say we must finance the
deficit before we can cut taxes, but I believe
the supply-siders are right in that we must cut
taxes in order to finance the deficit.
Cutting taxes doesn't have to be infla
tionary if it results in greater productivity
along with the money to buy these products. If
the Fed got in line with the administration
early on, we would see these supply-side
effects. Fed policy ,so far has only worsened
the situation that it's trying to improve.
By now you must realize that I believe
supply-side policies will help our situation. I
also realize that mentioning the name "Laf
fer" can get one shot, stabbed, strangled and
snubbed, but look at it this way. We rely on
common
1) If you also leave children, your spouse
gets $20,000 plus . one half of the balance, and
your parents receive the other half.
This latter point illustrates the fallacy of
the common belief, "Why should I have a
will? If I die my wife will get it all anyway."
It is easy to imagine circumstances where
less-than-amiable family relationships
might cause this to be a problem.
forum
Question: What is the advantage, of invest
ing in money markets as opposed to bank
certificates?
Answer: The term money market refers
to trading in short-term debt instruments of
the federal government and of major cor
porations. Most private investors use a
money market mutual fund as a convenient
way to access these markets. The principal
adiantage of these accounts over certifi
cates of deposit at a bank is their liquidity.
You can easily shift money in and out of
these mutual funds without penalty, while
certificates carry substantial interest penal
ities in the event of early withdrawal. Most
money market funds also permit you to
write checks against your account, which
you cannot routinely do with a bank certifi
cate.
There is no appreciable difference in risk
between a well-known money market fund
that invests only in United States Govern
ment securities and an insured bank certifi
cate since the federal government which
issues the debt securities also provides the
bank insurance.
Question: I've heard that full-time college
students can claim "0" on thief• W-2 form
when they work during the summer. If so,
01982 Collegian Inc.
Paul Rudoy
Business Manager
financial questions
Question: I'd like to know if you can
borrow money from your insurance policy
'after 10 years and use it for personal rea
sons, and if you would have to pay the
money back within a certain period of time.
An§wer: A permanent life insurance poli
cy. (whole or straight life, limited paymeht,
endowment) does build up ,a cash value you
may borrow against. You may borrow this
amount any time you want to, and the
amount borrowed need never be paid back.
If you die while a loan is outstanding against
your policy, the payment to your beneficia
ry will be reduced by the amount, of the loan
'and the accrued interest on the loan. Term
insurance, or pure insurance, contains no
savings element and consequently has no
loan value.
Question: Where is the best place for a
student to put his loan money while it sits
idle to get the maximum interest on it?
Answer: One solution is a money market
mutual fund (described above) which in
vests only in U.S. Government debt securi
ties. Three representative funds and
telephone numbers for additional informa
tion are:
*- 11 1TA' 6, vsErs AX
t in J usT Mora WA
Oteltxr*Gumilwr To
US pooß FROM lOU
LO ROADS
111*7144" GWAIMIIvv,
101' 94 ° - grAOAA/ I
PkYw 14105 ,
expressed on the editorial pages are not
necessarily those of The Daily Collegian,
Collegian Inc. or The Pennsylvania State
University. Collegian Inc. publishers of The
Daily Collegian and related publications, is a
separate corporate institution from Penn
State.
About the Collegian: The Daily Collegian and
The Weekly Collegian are published by Colle
gian Inc., an independent, non-profit corpora-
the private sector to finance the public sector,
so it doesn't do the public sector any good to
hamstring its revenue supplier.
I• also realize that supply-side, policies
aren't THE answer. We have a lot of other
problems that affect the economy adversely.
The business community is being brutally
reminded by the Japanese that producing a
good product at a lower price will make you a
hell of a lot of money. Labor unions continue
to believe that they can always get higher
wages from our "invincible" industries. They
also continue to support such things as licens
ing and minimum wages to limit entry in the
job market, thus protecting their demands for
higher salaries.
Government is still wasting money by sepa
rating those who demand the goods from our
economy from those who pay for them which
drives up things like health care costs. \
Supply-side policies have proven them
selves before with the Mellon tax cuts, the
Kennedy cuts and numerous examples in
states and from overseas. We have all been
painfully made aware that simply a tax cut is
not the magic wand that turns Dracula into a
Red Cross volunteer and that it's not going to
do this overnight. The tax cuts must be
applied to us all in real terms. Indexing the
tax brackets would help; and so would cuts in
the Social Security tax.
If we are to support the elderly, the environ
ment, defense, the needy, or whatever worthy
cause, we have to keep the "life-blood" do-
do the benefits of not having taxes taken out
of the paycheck during the summer outw
eigh getting a refund on April 15?
Answer: I think you are confused about
exemptions and tax withholding. You indi
cate on form W-4 the number of exemptions
you want to claim. This number and the
level of your income determine how .much
federal tax your employer withholds from
your pay.
As a living being you are entitled to one
exemption; claiming zero on your W 4 will
result in more tax being withheld than
necessary, and increase the likelihood of a
tax refund being due to you. Form W-2
reports the income you earned and how
much tax was withheld.
Fidelity U.S. Government Reserves (800-
225-8190)
The. Daily Collegian
Wednesday, Dec. 15
tion with a board of directors composed of
students; faculty and professionals. Students
of The Pennsylvania State University write
and edit both papers and solicit advertising
material for them. The Daily Collegian is
published Monday through Friday and distrib
uted at the University Park campus. The
Weekly Collegian is mailed to Common
wealth campus students, parents of stu
dents, alumni and other subscribers who
want to keep abreast of University news.
nors of our economy healthy and not send
them scurrying in search of across!
Kelly Fracassa,
graduate-business administration
Dec. 11 '
Input,
Where do you fit in the MX missile debate?
Do you think we should spend more on a
weapon we don't need, or do you think we
need to catch up to the Soviet Union militari
ly? Or should we work at eliminating war
altogether?
Let us hear your opinions on one of the most
crucial issues of our decade. On Tuesday,
Dec. 21, The Daily Collegian will devote its
Op-ed page to the MX missile question. Sub
mit letters (two-pages typed) and forums
(three-to-four pages typed) to the editorial
editors, 126 Carnegie; no later than Dec. 17.
Dreyfus Government Secrities Series
(800-223-5525)
Scudder Government Money Fund (800-
225-2470)
As of Dec. 14, commerical banks and
savings institutions began offering "money
market deposit accounts" which have many
of the characteristics of a money market
fund. Depositors are able to write a limited
number of checks against these accounts.
Effective Jan. 5 a similar account will be
offered which permits the writing ,of an
unlimited number of checks. There is a good
chance that these accounts will fit the needs
of the student and his loan money very well.
Question: I'M graduating this term and
have had many insurance companies knock
ing on my door. Is it worthwhile to wait for
my future company's insurance plan or look
• into the insurance policies available to me
now? I feel that these companies are trying
to pull the wool over my eyes;
Answer: There is a saying that "life
insurance is sold, not bought." I do feel that
everyone needs some life insurance, even if
it is just a $5,000 term policy to cover funeral
expenses and the financial inconvenience to
your parents. While most insurance agents
are sincere in their convictions about their
products, many of them do sometimes over
state the sense of urgency regarding insur
ance for new graduates, •
Get policy proposals from several compa
nies before you buy one, and ask pointed
qUestions comparing one policy with anoth
er. As you indicate, most employers do
provide group life insurance for employees,
and this insurance may well be perfectly
adequate for your needs. In general, life
insurance is not a good way to save for long
term financial needs.
Be wary of agents who sell their policies
as "good Investments" rather than protec
tion of your family. No particular type of
policy is inherently good or bad; it depends
on the needs of the individual.
input
reader opinion
Tunnel vision
• As anon -Christian, I am offended at some
so-called Christian men's clear attempt (in
their Dec. 13 letter to The Daily Collegian) to
impose their version of heterosexism on all
human beings of course, in the 'name of
god-in-man's image. Their particular version
of "what the Bible says" -sounds like other
tunnel-visioned versions which reduce all of
human diversities to "sin" unless that
human diversity is reduced to their single
one-size-fits-all standard.
While religious studies at most institutions
of "higher education" tend to concentrate on
monolithic monotheism, there is persuasive
evidence (not often found in or by patriarchal
scholarship) that the world has not always
OLDIES WITH
LARRY MOORE
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HAVE YOU SEEN
THIS YOUNG MAN?
John Gosch disappeared
Sunday, Sept. 5, while
delivering newspapers in
West Des Moines, lowa.
He is 12 years old, 5 feet, 7
inches tall, weighs 140
pounds and has blue eyes
and light brown hair.
Rewards totaling more
than $30,000 are being of
fered by the Des Moines
Register and friends and
business associates of
the family. If you have any
information, contact Child
Find, 1-800-431-5005, or
the West Des Moines,
lowa, Police 515-223-3211.
lived the way of the male-creator-god. But, all
of history is arguable especially when one
keeps in mind that history (and the Bible)
is/was written by men who considered only
their male viewpoint.
Human being is, thank something, not all as
monolithic/monodimensional as these fellows
would have us "consent" to be. Some "Chris
tians" as We have seen (in the Dec.l3
letter) seem a bit preoccupied with heterosex
uality, and will not consider alternative ways
of being. Their transcendent (and male) god
concept handily absolves men of all responsi
bility to other human beings or to the environ
ment in which we live.
So-called transcendent absolutes will legiti
mate and justify exploitation and degradation
of the planet's people all in the name of the
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transcendent which happens to mirror the
men in power. Men's particular version of god
supports and socially constructs their mythi
cal male supremecy and male dominance
which decrees and dooms all to hetero
sexism and reproduction ad-infinikUm.
Jean S. Guertler, master's-religious studies
Dec. 13
Remember Jesus
The Christmas season is no doubt a special
time of year. I enjoy looking for a Christmas
tree, shopping for gifts, decorating with lights
and tinsel, and one of my favorite parts of
Christmas is giving gifts. (Although I'm al
ways open for receiving gifts as well a hint
to all of my friends.)
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I wonder, though, as people rush here and
there, buying and giving gifts, and as people
fret because they don't have enough money to
buy the things they would like to, I wonder
do they remember why we celebrate?
About 2,000 years ago a child was born to all
of mankind. That child grew up, touching
many lives in a special way, and at the prime
of His life, He died on a cross on Calvary. That
child born to all of mankind was Jesus Christ,
God's son.
The reason He was born? To die for us. For
the "Jewand Greek, slave and free, male and
female." Galatians 3:28. Jesus Christ came
into this world to save mankind from sin. He
was born for us as Catholics, for the Protes
tants, the Aethiests, the Hare Krishnas, the
Mormons, the Palestinians and the Arabs. He
The Daily Collegian Wednesday, Dec. 15, 1982-11
WE'D RATHER
SELL EVERYTHING
THAN MOVE IT!
And We're Moving SOON
was born for the Russians and the Chinese;
for the Moslem and Buddhists for all of
mankind.
We don't celebrate Christmas because of
Santa Claus and reindeer, although their
presence is enjoyed, but because of Jesus
Christ. What He asks is that we believe in Him
and do the things He says.
'"For the Son of Man has come to save that
which was lost." Matthew 18:11,
I hope all of you have a fantastic holiday
season and enjoy the time spent with family
and friends. And sometime during your cele
brations, take time to say thanks for a man
who paid a debt that wasn't his. Remember,
Jesus, the reason for the season.
Dave Goodwin (Bth-insurance)
Dec. 13
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