"olish police fight thousands of union 'rite tern
By THOMAS W. NETTER
Associated Press Writer
WARSAW, Poland (AP) Hundreds of riot
police backed by water cannons tear-gassed
and clubbed thousands of union protesters
screaming "Solidarity! Solidarity!" yesterday
in the worst clashes since the early days of '
martial law.
Ambulances careened through the city taking
people beaten and bleeding to hospitals. City
medical officials refu . sed to estimate the
number of injured.
Telephone lines were cut in many areas of the
capital, including Western news agencies, -and
Warsaw television reported authorities
threatened to reimpose the curfew that was
lifted a day earlier.. Fighting was also reported
the
daily.
123 Argentine seamen rescued
Cruiser sunk by British carried 1,042 seamen, communique says
By The Associated Press
Argentina issued a communique late yesterday
saying that a British submarine torpedoed and sank
on Sunday an Argentine cruiser carrying 1,042 •
seamen and that 123 have been rescued.
The communique said operations "are being
carried out" to try and save others from the icy
Atlantic waters southwest of the disputed Falkland
Islands. •
An Argentine navy source had said earlier that
extreme weather conditions would make swift rescue
operations imperative. •
"You cannot survive long in an open boat in those
waters," he said.
Previous Argentine statements had indicated the
cruiser General Belgrano managed to stay afloat
after the attack by a hunter-killer submarine, until a
midafternoon communique yesterday said it was
"presumed sunk."
The communique said, "This attack constitutes a
treacherous act of armed aggression perpetrated by
the governinent of Great Britain in open violation" of
the U.N. .Charter: • .f• - .•••• - '
_ .
The Argentines said the General Belgrano was
torpedoed at a point 36 miles outside the 200-mile
blockade zone declared by the British around the
Falklands. Britain also said the nuclear-powered sub
struck the cruiser outside the zone, brit claimed it was
a'direCt threat to British ships enforcing the
blockade.
In the communique, the Argentine Joint Chiefs of
Staff said a navy plane searching the fog-shrouded
area had spotted "various" lifeboats and search
boats were en route to look for survivors.
Britain claimed its helicopters also sank one
Cruiser sinking deals Argphtine . navy sevAl.:..) blo--,
By WILLIAM HEATH
Associated Press Writer
BUENOS AIRES, Argentina (AP) The
Argentine navy suffered a severe blow
yesterday when the cruiser General Belgrano
sank in the wintry South Atlantic after being
torpedoed by a British submarine.
The Foreign Ministry said 1,042 sailors were
aboard, and reports at the United Nations in
New York said as many as 500 sailors may have
perished. The ministry said only that efforts to
find possible• survivors in lifeboats were
continuing. It branded the British attack as
"evil aggression."
Communiques from the Joint Chiefs of Staff
reported the cruiser General Belgrano was
"presumed sunk" and a search plane had
inside
e The State College Municipal
Council agrees to commit up to 50
percent of the cost of the addition
to Sunset Park, if citizens can raise
the other 50 percent Page 2
• The women's lacrosse team
receives a bid to the AIAW
championships ' Page 11
weather
The fine weather continued. Part
ly sunny today with high tempera
tures near 74. Suntan index of 8.5.
Mostly clear tonight with lows
around 44. Partly sunny tomorrow
with a chance of a thundershower
late in the day. Highs near 80
—by Mark Stunder
index
Business/careers..
Comics/crossword
Midweek
News briefs
Opinions
Sports •
State/nation/world.
near headquarters of the ruling Communist
Party.
It was the worst outbreak of violence since
nine Solidarity miners died in clashei with
troops near the southern city of Katowice, three
days after martial law was decreed Dec. 13
following 16 months of union challenges to
Communist rule.
"They think that they can still warm up the EDT) in response to protest plans publicized
political climate in Poland as if they had not had during Saturday's May Day counter-parade
enough," Warsaw television quoted Deputy . organized .by underground Solidarity leaders.
Premier Mieczyslaw Rakowski as telling The Communist government warned in '
Parliament while rioting raged across town. nationwide broadcasts Sunday night it would
"But if they think they'll achieve their aims, not tolerate more illegal outbreaks, and at least
they are making a tragic mistake." / 400 riot police with rifles and clubs backed by
Later, Rakowski told a news conference the water-cannon trucks roamed the square before
government was "very sorry" about the latest as the Warsaw protesters gathered in attempts
outbreaks , . to frighten them off.
. - ,.. 11
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Argentine patrol vessel and damaged one in an action
early yesterday north of the Falklands anchinside the
zone. •
The Defense Ministry in London requisitioned the
luxury liner Queen Elizabeth 2to take 3,000 . .
infantrymen to the Falkland Islands war zone,
escalating pressure on Argentina, which seized the
disputed colony April 2.
Argentina lost one of its four submarines when it
was scuttled by the crew at South Georgia Island on
April 25 as British marines recaptured the island 880
miles east of the Falklands. South Georgia is a
dependency of the Falklands and was seized by
Argentine forces April'3. ' • •
The loss of the cruiser, submarine and patrol boat
leaves the Argentine navy with one aircraft carrier,
seven destroyers, seven frigates, three submarines,
eight patrol crafts, two fast gunboats and two torpedo
boats, according to Jane's Fighting Ships 1981-82.
Telam, the Argentine government news agency
and the only news organization allowed to have
reporters on the Falklands, claimed that British air
raids on the Goose Green settlement Saturday killed
11 civilians and-wounded vi. Virtually all of the'•.`
Falklands 1,?00 residents are of British descent.
Telam said British Sea King helicopters fired
"indiscriminately" in attacks on Goose Green, 40
miles west of the capital of Stanley. It claimed that
Argentine gunners shot down the helicopters and the
British suffered "a great many casualties," but it
gave no numbers.
The agency also claimed that British Harrier jets,
which attacked the Stanley airport and Goose Green,
dropped a type of explosives prohibited by a Geneva
convention on warfare. It did not elaborate.
A British Defense Ministry spokesman was asked
spotted "various" lifeboats in the area
southwest of the Falkland Islands where the
warship had sent its last radio signals. It was
torpedoed Sunday afternoon.
The communiques did not, however, mention
British claims•that its carrier-based helicopters
sank one. Argentine patrol boat and damaged
another early yesterday north of the disputed
Falklands.
The U.S. ambassador to the United Nations,
Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, said that during•
consultations on the Falklands conflict,
Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar
reported he had been informed by Argentine
Ambassador Eduard Roca "that the ship had
sunk and they (Argentine authorities)
presumed approximately 500 dead."
An Argentine naval source said the cruiser
mi d m a.
eI cri tics
Have mm
"
Isla*: fi •
Wi trij r 1.4,
. 1 " t - t 11 ; •
By CHRISTOPHER CONNELL
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) Education Secretary
T.H. Bell charged yesterday that the news media
and "almost hysterical" critics have misled
students into believing little federal aid is
available for college this fall.
"We're not emasculating the student aid
program," Bell told reporters in his first press
conference in three months. His department will
spend $4.3 billion to help people attend college in
the year ahead, he said.
"These are (not) draconian cuts," said Bell,
who also denied rumors that he plans to resign.
Despite tighter eligibility rules imposed on
Guaranteed Student Loans last fall and new curbs
the Reagarradministration is seeking, Bell said, a
record number of students and parents will get
some type of subsidized federal loans for the 1982-
83 school year.
.New tables, published today in the Federal
Register, indicate that students attending an
average private college costing $6,885 could still
Record number of families will receive financial aid, 801 l says
Official sources also reported marchers
jammed streets in the northern port of Gdansk
where Solidarity was formed, but eyewitness
accounts were not immediately available. The
sources said foreign journalists were banned
from the city, suggesting there was violence.
At least 25,000 people converged in Warsaw's
historic Castle Square area cit 4 p.m. (10 a.m.
about the Telam account of civilian casualties and
said; "We have no information on this subject."
He repeated the British assertion that raids on the
Stanley airfield , were carded out by a single Vulcan
bomber and Harrier jets with Harriers also hitting a
second airstrip at Goose Green, and not by
helicopters.
Argentina rejected the latest effort at diplomatic
settlement a new peace plan offered by Peruvian
President Fernando Belaunde Terry. The governing
junta in Buenos Aires claims the plan was suggested
by Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr.
In Washington, State Department spokesman Dean
Fischer said "statements from Argentina have not
been encouraging."
British Foreign Secretary Francis Pym wound up a
three-day trip to the United States, where he
conferred with Haig and held talks at the United
Nations, with no sign of progress toward a diplomatic
solution to the crisis.
"Argentina must now make the first move,". Pym
said before.leaving New York for London. "They
started this, they•iklvaded the
, . .
The Argentine Joint Chiefs of Staff said the General
Belgrano was torpedoed southwest of the Falklands
near Isla de los Estados.
Argentina protested the attack 50 rg,iles outside the
zone, but Britain said it was justifienecause the
Belgrano presented " a considerable threat" to the
Royal Navy armada sitting off the archipelago.
Before the Argentine announcement that the
cruiser had sank, British Defense Ministry
spokesman lan. McDonald said it had been severely
damaged.
had enough lifeboats for all the crew, but rapid
rescue operations were imperativd because
"you cannot survive long in an open boat in
those waters."
The Argentine navy had sent ships "to
provide help if necessary" to the General
Belgrano, .torpedoed near Isla de los Estados
(Island of the States) off the tip of South
America and outside the 200-mile war zone
declared by Britain around the islands..
The 13,645-ton warship was the Argentine
navy's only cruiser and the second largest ship
in the fleet behind the aircraft carrier 25th of
May. It was the former U.S. Navy cruiser
Phoenix, which fought in World War II and was
sold to Argentina in 1951.
On the diplomatic front, a new U.S.-backed
plan to settle the Falkland, Islands crisis was
receive a full $2,500 Guaranteed Student Loan if
their family's income was nearly $40,000.
At the same time, students at the average
public, four-year college will not be able to get a
full $2,500 loan if the family's income exceeds
$30,000. But those from families making up to
$36,000 could get a loan of at least $l,OOO.
Those figures assume the student is from a two
parent family of four, with one child in college.
Colleges will consult the new family
contribution scheduleS to determine which
students from families earning between $30,001
and $75,000 are eligible for Ihe loans. Those whose
families make above $75,000 must file a separate
financial statement disclosing assets to see if they
qualify.
The education chief said federal student aid has
become "too generous" and should be scaled
back.
"The more you rush in with mega-federal
dollars, the more you start pushing people aside
and depriving them of the privilege of earning
their own way, which in and of itself is a
strengthening experience," he said.
Please see related story, Page 6
Critics are "alarmed and apprehensive and
almost hysterical about it and because of that,
some students are making decisions not to go on to
school at all, when, indeed, they could still afford
to do it if all of our proposals were adopted," Bell
said.
"I really think maybe the press and the
electronic media have been just a little bit
slanted," he said.
The administration does not want to cut off all
loans to graduate students, but to shift them from
the regular guaranteed loan program to a new
auxiliary loan program that charges higher
interest, he said. .
Some 3.5 million students, including 600,000 to
700,000 graduate students, borrowed nearly $7.8
billion in guaranteed loans last year. They pay no
interest while in school and 7 to 9 percent
afterwards.
The auxiliary loans charge 14 percent interest
from the start and most graduate students would
have to begin repaying at least the interest in 60
days. They are not offered yet in most states, but
"Gestapo! Gestapo!," rallygoers yelled,
ignoring police orders to disperse. Then the
police commander ordered his officers to fire
tear-gas grenades and they charged the crowd,
swinging clubs. .
Thousands of demonstrators panicked and
fled into nearby cobblestoned'streets filled with
acrid tear-gas smoke, witnesses said. Police
chased the crowd into areas up to a mile away,
but hundreds of protesters regrouped and the
rout turned into a riot.
Witnesses said police fought in the old town
with screaming rioters who erected barricades
of cafe tables and chairs. They lobbed sticks
and stones at helmeted officers charging
through gray clouds of tear gas.
Other demonstrators outran police and began
new marches in several central areas of
Tuesday May 4, 1982
Vol. 82, No. 168 16 pages University Park, Pa. 16802
Published by students of The Pennsylvania State University
L
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The British nuclear•powered submarine HMS Conqueror cruises tb waters of th
Atlantic Ocean. The Conqueror may have been' the submarine that Sali,. the Argentin
cruiser General Belgrano early yesterday. morning.
rejected by the junta.•
Argentine officials issued more
condemnations of United States for siding with
Britain in the dispute over the archipelago, and
Buenos Aires dockworkers refused to unload a
U.S. cargo ship.
Union officials said the workers ignored the
Delta Line's Santa Mercedes "as a reaction to
the U.S. attitude to support Britain, which is
bombarding our islands."
and that they wore pins reading "Our Heart is
with the Atgentines."
In a report from the Falkland Islands, which
the Argentines call the Malvinas, Army
Chaplain Jose Fernandez, a Roman Catholic
priest, said the spirits of Argentine troops "are
100 percent, you could'even say 101 percent."
;.? .‘
•T,
~S4t
1:,-,1,1r- "
Warsaw, tearing down and burning some red
.communist flags and picking up red-and-white
polish flags placed on buildings for the May Day
celebration, witnesses said.
The illegal Castle Square rally was organized
to mark the 191st year of the short-lived Polish
constituion of 1791. The liberal charter was
annulled two years later when Poland was
divided by Prussia.
The Sunday night warning against more
illegal demonstrations came after martial law
rulers relaxed some of their Dec. 13 edicts, .
including the 11 p.m. to 5 a.m. curfew. Officially
sanctioned gatherings were also permitted.
Police cordoned off the old town, demanded
identity papers and allowed only people who
live there to enter.
~i=.~ •Jri7 ''~TRy
~; ~.
,
,t;74-
An Argentina government source who asked
not to be identified also said the ruling junta
rejected a new peace plan th,. irgentina •
claimed was proposed by,Seci , la ry of State
Alexander M. Ilaig. Jr:
The peace proposal, sent via Peruvian
President Fernando Belaunde Terry, was
rejected early yesterday by the Argentines,
who said it was similar to the Haig proposal
presented April 27.
The source said his government "would not •
be surprised if Haig tries again to repeat his
proposal in the next few days via sonic other
channel. Of course we will reject it again and
thus we will appear before world opinion as an
intransigent, stubborn and warlike country."
Please see related story, Page 6
Education Department officials say they soon will
be.
Until last Oct. 1, all students could get
guaranteed loans regardless of wealth. Now, those
from families with incomes above $30,000 must
demonstrate need and borrowers must pay a 5
percent origination fee when taking out the loans.
Prt-;irient Reagan also wants to double the loan
origination fee•to 10 percent and require students
to repay at market interest rates two years after
graduation. He also asked Congress to ban
graduate students from the Guaranteed Student
Loans: neither Republicans nor Democrats has
not supported his request.
Bell's department estimates that with no
changes in the law, 3.6 million students will get
guaranteed loans and 666,000 students and parents
will take out auxiliary loans for the 1982-83 school
year.
If the new eligibility rules pass, the department
projects 2.9 million guaranteed student loans and
94:3,000 auxiliary loans this year.
"' 't
e ''' ir • 4
AP Lnserphot