6—The Daily Collegian Monday, Dec. 14,1981
Solidarity's referendum call was the last straw
Editor’s Note: The writer reported from Poland
during the early phases of the crisis there and
since has. followed developments there from
Bonn.
By ROBERT H. REID
Associated Press Writer
BONN, West Germany (AP) Solidarity’s call
for a referendum on the Communist system was
probably the last straw for Polish authorities,
prompting them to declare martial law and clamp
down on the independent union.
The union’s 107-member country commission
adopted a resolution Saturday calling for a “vote
of confidence” on the national leadership by Feb.
15 and free, democratic elections to parliament by
mid-1982.
Western observers here said they thought that if
such elections were held the Communist lead
ership would have been swept from power, endan
gering the security system of “satellite states”
which the Soviet Union established in Eastern
Europe after World War 11.
Soviets report Polish statements
MOSCOW (AP) Tass reported yesterday that Premier
,Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski had declared martial law in Poland
and established a “military council” to run the country.,
Radio Moscow said the action was taken in response to the
“anarchy facing the country” and because of “extremist
actions of Solidarity leaders who are trying to take over the
country.”
Tass initially carried a one-sentence announcement from
Warsaw shortly after 9 a.m. Moscow time yesterday on the
declaration of martial law.
The Soviet news agency carried an expanded account of the
situation 90 minutes later.
The Radio Moscow broadcast said, “A decision had been
adopted to intern the extremist leaders of Solidarity and also
members of illegal anti-socialist organizations.
“A group of persons responsible for the public, political and
economic crisis in Poland has also been interned. Among them
are (former Communist Party leader) Edward Gierek, (for
mer Premier) Piotr Jaroszewicz, (former party member)
Adislaw Grudzien, (former Politburo member) Jan Szydlak
and others,” Radio Moscow said in the English-language
broadcast.
Radio Moscow said a “state of emergency” was declared in
Haig conferring
situation with
BRUSSELS, Belgium (AP) Sec
retary of State Alexander M. Haig
Jr. delayed his trip to Israel yester
day because of developments in Po
land, and has been conferring on the
situation with U.S. and NATO offi
cials, his spokesman said.
“Secretary of State Haig has de
cided to remain in Brussels-for the
time being,” State Department
spokesman Dean Fischer said.
Fischer said Haig has been in
touch with officials in Washington,
including Vice President George
Bush, Deputy Secretary of State
William Clark and Defense Secre
tary Caspar Weinberger.
“In addition, he is sending a per
sonal message to all NATO foreign
ministers,” Fischer said.
Andrei Sakharov’s daughter-in-law, Liza Alexeyeva, receives attention from an American TV crew when
she arrived at the Soviet visa agency office in Moscow Friday to get an exit visa. She was told she would
receive a Soviet passport to go to the United States and could go to Gorky to see Sakharov and his wife.
Reapportionment may be enacted
By CARL MANNING
Associated Press Writer
HARRISBURG (AP) After nearly four months of
haggling and planning, Pennsylvania senators this
week hope to enact a reapportionment plan eliminating
two of the state’s 25 congressional districts.
It has not been an easy task, with congressmen crying
the blues over virtually every plan suggested, and state
lawmakers inundated with ideas each touted as the
best way to carve up the state’s congressional districts.
“Everybody has a vested interest in it. You can’t
please some, no matter what you do,” said one person
who has worked on the plan since August.
What the final plan will be is anyone’s guess. The
House has a plan that is expected to pass that chamber,
while the Senate has a version of its own. Since the plans
differ, the matter may be resolved in a joint conference
committee.
Senate Republican leader Robert Jubelirer said the
reapportionment plan would have bipartisan support,
Throughout the crisis the government has
warned Solidarity that it should not become a
political alternative to the Communist Party. In
its 1980 agreement with the government, Solidari
ty officially recognized the party’s leadership role
in Poland.
Membership in the Communist Party has rare
ly exceeded 2.5 million in the largely Roman
Catholic nation of 36 million, observers here say,
and the current social crisis has discredited the
party further in the eyes of the people.
Within hours after the resolutions were ap
proved, the Communist Party leader and pre
mier, Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski, announced that
an army committee had taken power, suspending
civil rights for what he called the good of the
nation.
An undetermined number of Solidarity activ
ists, as well as officials of discredited previous
Communist regimes, were arrested, he said.
Jaruzelski’s decree unprecedented in the
Soviet bloc during peacetime came five days
before a rumored Warsaw Pact summit confer-
on Polish
officials
He declined to reveal the contents
of the message being sent to the
other NATO foreign ministers. But
there was speculation the ministers
could be called into an emergency
session because of developments in
Poland.
Fischer said the State Department
in Washington has contacted the
Polish ambassador there, “seeking
clarification of government actions
and purposes.”
“We are, here as in Washington,
watching the situation closely,” he
said. “As you know, communica
tions with Warsaw are difficult and
information incomplete. Our contin
uing task is to obtain clarification of
the situation.”
indicating the upper chamber will pass a plan this week.
Last week, state Sen. Frank O’Connell, R-Luzerne
County, circulated a plan that is expected to be the one
the Senate adopts, possibly with some modifications.
The main feature of the latest plan is that it splits just
14 counties, while all the other plans split as many as 30.
Under O’Connell’s latest plan, Democrats Austin
Murphy of Washington County and Donald Bailey of
Westmoreland would be in the same district, while
Democrat Joseph Gaydos of Pittsburgh would not have
incumbent opposition.
In Philadelphia, Democrat Joseph Smith’s district
would be eliminated, which was really never an issue.
He was elected in July to serve the remaining term of
Raymond Lederer, knowing the district probably would
be cut.
For O’Connell, the process of formulating the plan has
been an endless series of complaints, late-night hours
and trial-and-error to get the right combinations of
numbers.
Poland as of midnight Saturday, and that military commissars
had been appointed in all districts to rule the country.
Jaruzelski announced creation of a Military Council of
National Salvation “to unite all the patriotic forces of the
people in the name of saving Poland,” the report said.
The Polish Communist Party chief appealed for public order.
He also asked for restored trust in and respect for the state
bodies of government.
In his speech, Jaruzelski appealed “to unite the ranks of the
party, the leading force in society, which is consistently coming
out to consolidate and further build socialism in the Polish
Peoples Republic,” Moscow Radio said.
The premier “stressed that the Polish people highly value the
friendship with the Soviet Union and other countries of the
socialist community and their fraternal assistance.”
“Poland will remain an indispensable link in the socialist
community,” Radio Moscow quoted Jaruzelski as saying.
In East Berlin, East Germany’s official news agency report
ed the “state of emergency” in' neighboring Poland. It said
action had been taken to combat the “activities of criminals
against the people.”
The ADN agency quoted Jaruzelski as saying, “The hands of
the adventurers must be bound.”
ence in Moscow, at which the chronic Polish crisis
was expected to be a major topic.
The official Soviet news agency Tass charged
twice last week that “counter-revolutionaries” in
the union were “prepared for a direct seizure of
power” in Poland.
In the weeks leading up to the decree, radicals
in Solidarity outmaneuvered union moderates
such as chief Lech Walesa, whose position was
underminded by the government’s unwillingness
to meet union demands for economic and political
reform.
Meanwhile, the effects of the economic crisis
including long lines for food, fuel and clothing
built up tensions among Poland’s 36 million peo
ple.
Soviet interference would be 'serious '
By ROBERT B. CULLEN
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) President Reagan said yes
terday the United States has made it clear to Moscow
“how seriously we would view any interference in
Poland” by the Soviet Union.
Reagan made the comment alter U.S. officials sum
moned Soviet and Polish diplomats to the State Depart
ment yesterday in the wake of the Polish communist
government’s crackdown on the Solidarity labor
movement.
“Everyone views it seriously,” Reagan said upon
returning to the White House from Camp David. “We’re
monitoring the situation. Beyond that I can’t have any
comment.”
The president refused to answer questions from
reporters about possible U.S. action in the wake of the
crackdown on Solidarity. Nor would he say what mes
sage he would send to the people of Poland.
Reagan, clad in a blue windbreaker and faded blue
jeans, and carrying a thin briefcase, returned to Wash
ington yesterday after spending the weekend at the
presidential retreat in .Maryland, where he was kept
abreast of the events in Poland.
He was met by White House Chief of Staff James A,
AP Laserphoto
analysis
TV.
Polish pilgrims display this banner in Polish in the crowd at St. Peter’s square, Vatican City. Pope John Paul II told them to pray
for peace in their country, saying “no more Polish blood can be shed, because too much has already been spilled.” The banner
says: “Parishoners from Bialski Homage to the Holy Father.”
Sakharov and
wife recovering
MOSCOW (AP) Soviet dissident Andrei Sakharov
and his wife appeared weak and shrunken after a 17-day
hunger strike in their Gorky exile, but they have eagerly
started on the road to recovery, their daughter-in-law
said yesterday.
“They looked very weak and very pale,” said the
daughter-in-law, Liza Alexeyeva, who returned to Mos
cow yesterday morning after visiting the Nobel laureate
and his wife, Yelena Bonner, in their hospital suite in
Gorky. ,
Alexeyeva, 26, provided foreign reporters with fresh
details of the strike, which ended last Wednesday after
Soviet authorities said she would be allowed to emigrate
to the United States.
Added to that were three public hearings the first
time such hearings have been conducted for a reappor
tionment plan, he said.
“Nobody likes change, especially elected officials
comfortable in their districts,” O’Connell said.
For example, O’Connell said that Democrat Alan
Ertel complained about several plans until he was
assured he would not be put into a district with an
incumbent.
“I’ve never seen anything so political in my career,”
O’Connell said.
The senator said the main problem is that the only
thing the courts care about is whether each district
represents an equal number of people within a one-half
percent deviation.
His latest plan accomplishes that. The biggest district
would have 518,240 constituents and the smallest would'
have 514,322 with the median at 515,944.
The new districts will have to be enacted by Feb. 16 or
all 23 seats will be decided in statewide elections.
As a result, hardliners such as Jan Rulewski
and Marian Jurczyk used the meeting of Solidari
ty’s national leadership to present demands for
free parliamentary elections and an end to the
“leading role” of the Communist Party.
The union also endorsed a call by the militant
Warsaw chapter for a national day of protest next
Thursday despite appeals by the government
against the plan. The union planned to protest
“the use of force or threat of force” by authorities
against its members.
At the same time, the union’s growing militancy
apparently played into the hands of hardliners in
the Communist Party, such as Politburo member
Stefan Olszowski and former Politburo member
Tadeusz Grabski.
Olszowski, a former foreign minister, was be
lieved by Western observers to have been behind
a recent press attack against Solidarity and
Walesa.
The press campaign reached a climax last
Monday when the state radio broadcast tape
recordings of a union meeting in Radom in which
Baker 111 and Michael K. Deaver, the deputy chief of
staff, as he stepped out of a Marine Corps helicopter on
the White House south lawn.
“Several times, along with the whole free world,
we’ve made it plain how seriously we would view any
interference with them (the Poles),” Reagan said.
Apparently referring to diplomatic exchanges before
yesterday’s events in Poland, he said messages have
'Several times, along with the whole free world, we've made it
plain how seriously we would view any interference with them
(the Poles).'
been sent “by, I think, almost all the free world several
times” to the Soviet Union.
White House officials said Reagan had no formal
meetings on the Polish situation yesterday.
“The president will continue to be kept abreast of
news briefs
Majority approves of first lady
NEW YORK (AP) - A majority of
Americans approve of Nancy Rea
gan as first lady, but an even higher
percentage think she is overempha
sizing style during hard economic
times, according to a poll released
yesterday.
Two-thirds of those responding to
a poll commissioned by Newsweek
magazine said Reagan is too style
conscious and is less sympathetic to
the problems of the poor than other
recent first ladies.
But 57 percent said they approved
of the way she handles her duties as
the president’s wife.
And, in an interview with News-
Rental Santa recalls memories
TOLEDO, Ohio (AP) - When
Glenn Bowland started hiring out his
services as a rental Santa Claus a
decade ago, it was for the sentiment,
not the money.
The 300-pound former trucker
wanted to bring the same joy to
youths that he experienced as a
child. He did not count on being
fondled by middle-aged ' women
while wearing his scarlet costume.
Some ho, ho, ho.
But then, other rental Santas have
the same kind of holiday war stories,
like the one about an elderly grand
mother who asked one young Santa
for a new husband.
Such is the stuff yuletide employ
ment is made of.
“When I first got started, it was
because when I was a little kid,
Santa Claus used to come to my
the radio claimed Walesa was heard to say,
“Confrontation is inevitable and confrontation
will take place.” Walesa said his comments at the
meeting were taken out of context by the state
radio.
The drastic step to martial law came only a few
weeks after hopeful signs that the union and the
government would be able to negotiate a formula
for working together for the economic good of the
country.
On Nov. 4, Walesa, Jaruzelski and Cardinal
Jozef Glemp, the Roman Catholic primate in
Poland, held an unprecedented meeting to estab
lish a framework for cooperation.
Following the session, Cardinal Glemp flew to
Rome for talks with Polish-born Pope John Paul
11. The Polish primate told reporters at the time
that he was more optimistic about prospects for
overcoming, the crisis.
Two weeks later, representatives of the union
and government began negotiations in Warsaw on
establishing some sort of framework for cooper
ation.
developments as necessary,” said spokesman Mort
Allin.
Defense Secretary Casper Weinberger, arriving back
in Washington about the same time, said he was
“moving right now to briefings and meetings on the
subject.”
“I think anybody has to be concerned about any
change in a situation like that,” Weinberger said. “But
—President Ronald Reagan
we don’t really have enough facts to make any kind of
assessment or judgment at this time.” ,
Twenty minutes after Reagan returned to the White
House, members of the National Security Council con
ferred without him on the Polish situation.
week, President Reagan called his
wife “a warm, generous, vulnerable
person” who has been hurt by “false
image building” and “unjust crit
icism.”
“I have to laugh sometimes about
the attention to her wardrobe,” the
president said. “I tease her about
never throwing anything away. I’ve
teased her that she’s still got her
middy blouses from gym class.
“There’s been an awful (lot) of
false image building that has. gone
on around her,” he said. “You’d find
she is very much loved by all' the
women who know her.” . .
house and I loved it,” said Bowland,
56, who is portly enough at 5-foot-7 to
skip the pillow for his stomach.
“I went out and paid $2OO for the
suit and I paid for it the first
Christmas. It was amazing. t People
still want Santa Claus around, as
bad as things are,” Bowland said
recently.
At $l5 a visit, Bowland, who is
retired from trucking, is not getting
rich. But if a family cannot afford to
pay for his services, well, Bowland
said he will work it out.
“Hey, but I won’t go just any
where. No big parties. No adult
parties. And no visits at l a.m. I
think that is a pretty dumb time to
visit kids, but people have asked for
it,” he said.
He’s learned some lessons.
V: 1 m
AP Laserphoto
collegian notes
• Eco-Action will sponsor an information table • The Horticulture Club’s Christmas food drive
with petitions from 9:30 a.m to 5 p.m. today in the will continue today and tomorrow. Donations of any
HUB basement to promote public awareness of a canned goods can be dropped off at 103 Tyson. All
potential cutoff of funding to the United Nations food will be donated to needy families of Centre
Environment Program. County.
• The Society of Women Engineers will hold a ,' • The local chapter of the National Student
high school program committee meeting at 6:15 Speech Language and Hearing Association will hold
tonight in the Kunkle activities lounge of Hammond a meeting at 7 tonight in 320 HUB.
Building. -
• Free University will meet at 5:30 this af
ternoon in 223 HUB.
• The philosophy department will hold a club
meeting at 7:30 tonight at 125 E. Fairmount Ave., • The Executive Energy Conservation Commit
apartment C. Nomination of officers, structure of tee is interested in conducting a survey on student
club and philosophical ideas will be discussed. attitudes and knowledge on energy issues. For more
information, contact M. Rashid Dhan at 865-2291.
• The Juggling Club will hold a meeting and
practice at 8:30 tonight in 106 White Building.
© The Conversant Programis looking for people
interested in meeting with international students
• The Kung-Fu Club will hold a workout between for a couple of hours a week. Volunteers may stop
6:30 and 9:30 tonight in 133 White Building. , by 305 Sparks, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. or call 863-1604.
T.V., Stereo
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In search of DIANE, a Penn St.
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■ majoring in HISTORY
If you remember Sat. Nov. 21 at
FRANCESCO'S in Scranton dancing
to the oldies
DOUG from LANCASTER, OHIO
would like very much to contact you.
PLEASE call collect; in the a.m. to
614-653-7781 or anytime at 614-
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Check this Value List
before you fill your
Christmas List!
• Penn State Hooded Sweatshirts - $13.95
• Penn State Football Jerseys $6.95
(#’s. 1,14,25,44,62,82)
• Penn State Warmup Suits $19.95
• Special Selection Penn State
T-shirts $2.95
• Selected Shorts/Jerseys Reduced 40%-50%
• Cross Pens 50% OFF Remaining Inventory
Greek Jewelry and custom decorated
sportswear for everyone on your
Christmas list. ...
• PSUBAMS will meet from 7 to 9 tonight in 22
Deike. “Career Night Part 2” will be the topic of
discussion.
“Gift Headquarters”
HOUSE OF KASHMIR
Gifts from All Over the World!
★ China ★ Beautiful Jewelry
★ Decorative Boxes ★ Water Beds
★ Brass Items ★ Backgammon Sets
At Low, Low Prices!
Heavy Wool Sweaters $66 Now $39.99
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only at
HOUSE OF KASHMIR
10-8:30 PM 130 Calder Way
Open Sun. 12-5 PM (Pugh St. Parking Garage)
234-4403
Olympics to
be discussed
Problems with and the future of
the Olympic games will be dis
cussed tonight at a Colloquy-spon
sored program.
The panel discussion will be held
at 8 tonight in the HUB. main
lounge.
Members of the panel will in
clude: John A. Lucas, an Olympic
historian; Ronald A. Smith, Uni
versity sports historian; Marshal
Avener, University women’s assis
tant gymnastics coach; and Ellen
L. Perry, 1976 University women’s
swim team coach and a member of
the U.S. Women’s Olympic Com
mittee.
—by Brian E. Bowers
police log
• Charles Smith, 236 S. Fraser St., told the State Association on Dec. 4.
College Police Department on Saturday that 35 The flags are identified as being the flags of
record albums were missing from his home. Mexico, Switzerland and Uganda, police said.
The albums are valued at about $350, police said. The flags are valued at about $330, police said.
• Stan Figart, Centre Hall, told State College
police Saturday that tools, a pair of gloves and a
pair of jogging shoes were missing from his pick-up
truck which was parked at the Penn State Sheraton,
240 S. Pugh St.
The tools, gloves and shoes are valued at about
$146, police said.
• Employees at Roy Rogers Restaurant, 310 E.
College Ave., told State College police that a mili
tary-type smoke bomb was set off inside the restua-
rant about 2:35 a.m. on Saturday.
Some food was damaged, but losses have not been
estimated, police said.
• William F. Fuller, manager of Associated
Student Activities, told University Police Services
on Friday that three international flags were miss
ing from a dance held by the International Student
The Daily Collegian Monday, Dec. 14, 1981—7
• James F. Lynch, assistant director of interna
tional student affairs, told University police Satur
day that two international flags were missing from
the lobby of Kern Building.
The flags are valued at about $220, police said.
• University police said that a 10-foot tree was
missing on Friday from the Blue Golf Course, west
of Corl Street.
The value of the tree is about $3OO, police said.
• Guy Michel, 902 Pinchot, told University police
Saturday that two speakers and a test light were
missing from his car while it was parked in Parking
Lot Orange B near Stuart Hall.
The speakers and the light are valued at about
$B4, police said.
—by Francine Kaufman