fighter tests precede
Soviet end to demands
Jet
WASHINGTON (UPI) Withdrawal
of Soviet demands for SALT restrictions
on cruise missiles was preceded by tests
in which MiG-25 jet fighters "shot down"
drones similar to the U.S. weapons, high
level Pentagon sources said yesterday.
But a Defense Department
spokesman,
,Thomas Ross, said the
administration is :`confident that the
cruise missile we are now building can
penetrate existing Soviet air defenses"
and will be successful against future
defenses as well.
Ross and a spokesman for the CIA
declined to comment on recent in
telligence discoveries involving issues
that are linked with SALT, but sources at
the Pentagon said new developments
have come to light.
Among them are installation of the SA
-10, a new type of antiaircraft missile
regarded as designed in part to combat
the cruise missile, aboard ships now
being built in Soviet• shipyards and
completion of a new plant apparently
planned to expand production of the
Soviet Backfire bomber.
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James W. Cosgrove (left), 26, of Geveva, N.Y., and Edward J. Mendenhall
(right), 24, of Rochester, N.Y., are the two remaining defendants facing
charges of plotting to steal a nuclear submarine, USS Trepang, from its harbor
at New London, Conn., and sell it for $l5O million to an unknown buyer in the
Atlantic Ocean.
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The Backfire, which can reach the
United States at high altitudes, is ex
cluded from limitations on strategic
weapons in the SALT H treaty now being
negotiated.
The cruise missile is a small, pilotless
jet plane that can carry a nuclear
warhead to a target with pinpoint ac
curacy by following a computerized
"map" of the terrain over which it flies.
Soviet tests of MiG-25 Foxbat
jets high altitude in
terceptors against drones have been
conducted recently, sources said, in
cluding some shortly before Soviet
Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko early
this month dropped a demand that
cruise missiles launched from planes be
limited to a 1,500-mile range.
The sources contended, however, that
U.S. intelligence analysts are not agreed
that Soviet radar capability was good
enough in the last test to shoot down a
missile flying below 200 feet, as reported
by Aviation Week and Space Technology
magazine. The altitude is the same at
which cruise missiles operate.
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Fink, 43, who was dismissed last May law that mandated school prayers.
when he refused to obey school "It's not reasonable if he must give up
:authorities' orders to stop those prac- , his Constitutional right,". Whitehead
4ices, has appealed to the 'state " said, - adding, "'/Vteacher has a certain
Education Department. amount of academic freedom."
"He could have done it before school, Initially, Fink, who is a member of the
or at the breakfast table with his family, Wesleyan Methodist Church, opened his
or on the way to school, or after school," class by reading excerpts from the Bible
Joseph Massa, attorney for the Warren to his 18 students, and then said the
County School District, told a depart- Lord's prayer.
ment hearing examiner. After his principal complained, Fink
"All the state is saying is that there then switched to reading Bible stories
are times when you are in the public from a book and saying a 15-second
employ .. . you have a captive audience spontaneous prayer, all of which lasted
and there must be reasonable regulation about five minutes, Whitehead said.
of some of your rights," he said. Students were allowed to leave class
011
Defense officials acknowledged recent
U.S. tests which simulated Soviet
defenses showed that cruise missiles can
be shot down in some "one-on-one"
situations, but said U.S. plans to be able
to launch as many as 3,000 of the
weapons in a mass attack are designed
to avoid that problem.
Sources also said the shipboard ver
sion of the SA-10 might be used as an
offshore weapon against U.S. bombers
carrying cruise missiles, but said it was
more likely the rockets were intended to
protect the ships from air attack.
They said a new 800,000 square foot
plant is located next to the present
Backfire assembly line at Kazan,
several hundred miles from Moscow, but
gave no indication how big a boost in
production might be expected.
The Soviets now have about 140
Backfires and are already building
about 36 a year, which would bring them
close to the level of 400 planes U.S.
sources say would be acceptable during
the term of a SALT II treaty.
U.S., Soviets fail to conclude arms treaty
MOSCOW (AP) U.S. and Soviet negotiators failed
last night to conclude a treaty to limit strategic
weapons, complicating prospects for a signed accord or
a presidential summit before the end of the year.
The next step in the drive by the two nuclear powers
to restrain the arms race was not made clear as the
talks ended at the - Kremlin with Soviet President Leonid
I. Brezhnev at the bargaining table.
"Any question about what happens next awaits the
secretary's report to the president," U.S. spokesman
Hodding Carter told reporters.
Secretary of State Cyrus R. Vance cabled a detailed
account of the proceedings to President Carter, and
plans to report to him on his return to Washington last
night.
Both sides described the talks as "constructive" but
said some issues remained unresolved.
School prayer faces court judgment again
HARRISBURG (AP) Lawyers
argued yesterday whether Warren
County teacher Lloyd Fink had the
academic freedom to say prayers and
read Bible stories in his fourth-grade
class.
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CAPE ELIZABETH, Maine: The Robert Jordan family other empty trap though, and has since shot his spray
recently found a skunk in one of their lobster traps. They twice while rescuers devise other methods of removing
freed the skunk by covering the trap with a canvas and the un-wanted tenant from the Jordan's lobster trap pile.
flipping it over. The skunk immediately darted into an-
"We continue to hope an agreement is possible by the
end of the year," said State Department spokesman
Carter.
Asked if he could use the word "progress" to describe
the talks, the U.S. spokesman replied: "I'd really like
to. I simply have not been given that description."
The official Soviet news agency Tass said "the two
sides stated the resolve to bend every effort and bring
this important matter to a conclusion so as to ensure the
early signing of an agreement."
Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei A. Gromyko said "we
are a little closer than we were in Washington" and
Vance concurred: "I would agree with him."
Announcement that no treaty would be nailed down
during the Kremlin session, the last in the current
round of SALT talks, came as no surprise, because both
sides had indicated earlier they were still apart on some
issues.
But John Whitehead, a constitutional
lawyer from Cleveland, Ohio, argued
that the U.S. Supreme Court "never
mandated that teachers be robots."
He referred to the high court's ruling
in 1963 that struck down a Pennsylvania
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during that time, he said.
Whitehead and Fink's other attorney,
Daniel Flint of King of Prussia, say
Fink's right to read the stories and say
the prayers are covered by the First
Amendment to the Constitution, which
guarantees freedom of speech.
"You are so concerned about the
ights of Mr. Fink,",Massa told the other
- ittorneys. "What about the rights of the
students?"
The parents of two students com
plained about Fink's prayers, but they
were not part of the action that led to his
dismissal by the Warren County School
Board.
"The parents have not come for
ward," Whitehead said. "I'm saying
that the parents should intervene if we
are to raise their interests in this case."
Massa said that Fink "chose `a
deliberate course of action. I don't doubt
The Daily Collegian Tuesday, Oct. 24, 1978-
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Brezhnev brought top arms experts to the negotiating
table with him. His intervention, matching President
Carter's participation three weeks ago in the previous
round in Washington, underscored evident deter
mination on both sides to complete the accord. The
Soviet president was accompanied by Marshall Nikolai
V. Ogarkop, deputy minister of defense, and Andrei
Alexandrov Agentov, his foreign policy adviser. They
were joined also by Georgy Korniyenko, the Kremlin's
top expert on U.S. affairs, U.S. Ambassador Anatoly F.
Dobrynin and Gromyko.
On the U.S. side of the table with Vance were Paul C.
Warnke, the chief U.S. arms negotiator, and Malcolm
Toon, the U.S. ambassador to Moscow.
By all accounts, at least 95 percent of the treaty to
limit the United States and the Soviets to a total of 2,250
bombers and missiles has been completed.
the depth or fervor of his beliefs. His
competence is not in question here.
"...I respectfully submit that the
spontaneous prayers and reading of
Bible stories in an elementary school
class by an agent of the state, paid with
state funds, and cloaked in the authority
and dignity of a public school teacher, is
the type of action 4_sFribed by the
Supreme Court," Ma*,said.
Fink, who now swifts at a milling
company mixing animal feed, has been
receiving small contributions of $5 and
$lO, Whitehead said. "But you have to
remember it's a rural area," he said. "I
think he's received only about $500."
Hearing examiner Mark Corrigan,
who will make a recommendation to
Education Secretary Caryl Kline, took
the case under advisement. It could be
months before a final verdict is ren
dered.
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UPI wirephoto