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As snow settlei on a pile of firewood stacked outside a Centre County barn, at least one farther can rest knowing his chores were done early.
15c
the
daily
Student trustee pick
approved by Shapp
By MARY ELLEN WRIGHT
Daily Collegian Staff Writer
One of the five nominees for the
position of Penn State's student trustee
has been nominated by the state
education secretary and approved by
Gov. Shapp.
David Hickton ( 11 th-political science)
must now be approved by the state
Senate for• his appointment to become
official._
Hickton, who served as
Undergraduate Student Government
vice president in 3976-77, said he heard
about his approval last week when the
story came over the newspaper wire
services. He said he has not yet officially
been informed of his selection.
However, Hickton said, he called state
education secretary Caryl Kline's office
in Harrisburg and was informed of the
approval by her assistant, Cheryl
Genevie.
Three of the other nominees for the
position said yesterday they did not
know Hickton had been se - racted.
Hickton and the other four nominees
went to Harrisburg Nov. 11 to be in
terviewed by Kline.
• Hickton said he had several goals for
the trustee position.
"I would • hope to be part of the
movement to have students mandated to
the Board," Hickton said. "I have no
concrete answer as to how it should be
done, but it should be done."
Hickton said the next governor would
not necessarily have to appoint a student
trustee for Penn State.
'He said students deserve represen
tation on the Board since they are in
volved in the day-to-day activities of the
University and since the Board makes
policy decisions affecting those ac
tivities.
Another goal Hickton outlined for his
Technology, rules help solve environmental woes
By JOHN MARTELLARO
Daily Collegian Staff Writer
1 Anlierica an energy-independent nation
i•choking to death , on its own pollution or an un-
II defiled environment at the mercy of foreign
energy producers?
It's a choice that will probably never have to
Abe made, according to auto industry and
4 € government spokesmen.
U.S. government regulations for the industry
; 4 , sacrifice neither fuel economy nor pollution
standards for the sake of the other. In fact, much
, A •
'& of the technology now in use or planned for the
future helps to solve both problems. •
President Carter set the tone for his ad
ministration's commitment to both ideals in his
energy proposal delivered to a joint session of
) Congress April 20.
Of the 10 principles of his national energy
policy, no. 3 was "we must protect the en
/ti vironment." Carter said wasteful use of re-,
1, sources causes the nation's energy and environ-
Imiental problems and conservation would solve
4 them.
Carter's contention was borne out when nine
~ ri national environmental groups issued a joint
statement in support of his energy plan, calling it
, 4.4 rrJ
,
i - t 4 ;t
• ti.t
•
trusteeship was gaining positions on
University presidential committees.
"I would like to be permitted to sit on
the president's Service Advisory Council
and his academic committee," he said.
"I want broad input. I don't want to go in
there (Board meetings) and cast a vote
on my own feelings alone."
Hickton said he was not sure how
effective he will be as a board member.
"I really don't know how I'll be
received by other Board members," he
said. "Whether or not I'll be effective is
the challenge I'm only one vote."
All of the other nominees said they
thought Hickton is well qualified and will
make a good trustee.
All five of the nominees including
Hickton, said they were disappointed
with the interviews conducted in
Harrisburg. Diana Foderar6 (Bth
general arts and sciences) said the
nominees were interviewed together and
were questioned by Kline's assistants
Genevie and Stinson Strupp instead of
by Kline herself.
Foderaro said many of the questions
asked in the interview were similar to
questions already answered by the
nominees on their written applications.
"The questions were not as probing as
I would like to have seen" she said.
Jeannette Morris, who was attending
Penn State at the time of her application
but is now working in Washington, D.C.,
said she was disappointed in the group
interview.
"A lot of things about the process
seemed a bit strange to me in that a little
more attention should have been paid to
individual interviews," Morris said.
"I didn't think a lot of productive in
formation came out of the interview,"
Keith McClellan (12th-speech com
munication and political science) said.
Charles Zito (2nd-liberal arts) also
Continued on Page 5
"fundamentally fair and farsighted."
The administration's belief that energy and
environmental goals could be reached suc
cessfully was based on the continuation of a
trend that began before the 1976 election a
trend made possible because of improved
technology.
One example of this new technology, the
catalytic converter, was first put in general use
for the 1975 model year in American
Wise to
bill on loan
HARRISBURG House
Representative Helen D. Wise, D
-77th, Wednesday said she would in
troduce a bill that would put the
burden of funding the interest the.
state-related universities have had to
pay during the current budget crisis
on the taxpayers.
However, she said she would not
introduce the bill until the current tax
situation has been cleared up.
The state-related universities have
been borrowing money since July
while the state works on legislation to
fund .the $3OO million needed for the
universities.
Wise expressed doubt that the
schools would be fully reimbursed for
the payments. ,
Dick Baker, the * University's
assistant treasurer, said Penn State
has borrowed $36 million to date and
Council cuts budget to keep tax costs down
By 808 OSTRANDER
Daily Collegian Staff Writer
The State College Municipal Council last night agreed
to try to make further reductions in the revised 1978
budget of $2,605,997 in an effort to hold down taxes.
Council already has reduced police department ex
penditures by $18,250 and eliminated a $15,000 allocation
to the Parks and Recreation Department for a project
in the Holmes Foster Park Road.
Also, $100,545 has been transfered from the general
budget to revenue sharing for such projects as
municipal building improvements and a new sanitation
truck.
"I'm in favor of cutting back on services if it would
reduce our tax base," Councilman Richard Kummer
said.
The 1977 tax rate is 18 mills, or $lB for every $l,OOO of
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•• • '
. . Thursday, December 1, 1977
Vol. 78, No. 79 28 pages
. _
University Park, Pe.18802
Published by Students of The Pennsylvania State University
automobiles. It helped make possible an average
13.5 per cent fuel economy improvement over
comparable 1974 models, according to a report
prepared by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency.
The converter also reduced emissions of two
major auto exhaust pollutants, hydrocarbons
and carbon monoxide, by 50 per cent under the
1974 levels.
The industry-wide use of converters in 1975
-,.,, 1 ~., a
l
^^~
introduce
interest
will go to the banks today to borrow
an additional $9 million to continue
operating in December.
Baker said the University has paid
out $325,000 in interest to date. He
said interest payments will jump to
$5,000 per day in December. The
University paid $4,000 per day in
November.
Earlier in the year, Gov. Shapp
promised the presidents of the state's
universities that he would make
every effort to get the interest repaid
to the universities.
During yesterday's discussion of a
proposed tax package in the House,
Rep: Richard A. McClatchy, a
Republican, ' said the GOP would
support paying back all the interest.
ie related story, page 9.
by Harry Glenn
property assessment. The 1978 budget shows an in
crease of 6.5 mills, although Council members noted
that the final budget version will be decreased.
Kummer suggested that further "painful" cuts could
be made in police services and sanitation expenditures.
But Councilman Allen D. Patterson said reductions in
these areas would be unwise and unwarranted.
"You can't reduce the police force to a point where
criminals take over," Patterson said. If trash collection
by the borough were eliminated, he said, private in
dividuals or companies would have to be brought, in to
do the job. .
One citizen commented that an annual dinner
honoring members of borough authorities and com
missions could be held less often to save money.
However,. Council President Ingrid P. Holtzman said
tax compromise,
may try again .
By HARRY GLENN
Daily Collegian Staff Writer
HARRISBURG A compromise tax
bill that would help raise some of the
$3OO million needed to fund the
University and other state-related in
stitutions was rejected Wednesday by
the State House.
The House Democrats temporarily
abandoned Bill 247, which would raise
the personal income tax from 2 percent
to 2.1 percent and would hike the cor
porate net income tax from 9.5 percent
to 11 percent. The Senate approved Bill
247 two weeks ago, but last week the
House failed to concur with the Senate
amendments on two separate votes.
In a bit of manuevering by House
Majority Leader James Manderino to
drum up some Republican support for a
tax program, a new tax bill was in
troduced into the House Wednesday. The
bill would raise the personal income tax
an additional 0.1 percent to 2.2 percent,
but would lower the corporate tax from
11 percent to 10.5 per cent. Republican
representatives, under pressure from
big business, would not support an 11
percent corporate tax. But by lowering
the tax, Manderino had hoped to pick up
several Republican votes.
Instead of adding the amendments to
bill 247, they were tacked onto House Bill
1633, a tax reform bill, that already had
been introduced into the House. The bill
was defeated by an 83-107 vote yester
day.
Photo by Ken Keeper
Rep. Helen D. Wise, D-77th, said
yesterday's manuevering was risky,
because approval of 1633 would have it
sent to the Senate for concurrence.
"The Senate rejected a similar bill
twice, before passing 247," Wise said.
"If it went to the Senate, two Democratic
tax votes would be lost and would have to
be made up with two Republican votes.
"There was a lot of fuss on the floor
that the Republicans would vote on a
compromise bill. The Republicans are
saying a 10.5 percent corporate net in
come tax would be better for business."
was necessitated by tough emission standards
that went into effect that year, allowing a
maximum of 1.5 grams of hydrocarbons per
mile, 15 grams of carbon monoxide per mile and
2 grams of oxides of nitrogen per mile to be
released to the atmosphere per car.
The convefter, was able to effect a dramatic
rise in fuel economy because it shifted the
burden r for controlling emissions from the engine
to the exhaust system.
Before 1975, engine modifications were used to
control emissions, which caused average fuel
economy for a General Motors car in 1974 to be 16
per cent lower than the 1970 figure, according to
a report prepared for the American Chemical
Society.
The use of the converter allowed the engine
modifications to be removed and the
hydi•ocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions to
'be combined with oxygen in the air to form
harmless carbon dioxide and water.
The 1975 emission standards were supposed to
remain in effect for two years, and then be
replaced with even more stringent standards.
However, the technology for that jump still
was not completely developed, so EPA ad-_
ministrator Russell E. Train granted a one-year
BINDERY
17 202 I'ATTEE
House rejects
Manderino said bill 247 places 75
percent of the tax burden on business.
But a reduction in the corporate tax of
0.5 percent would relieve the business
community of some $5O million in taxes.
Three Republicans voted for Bill 1633
yesterday. James W. Knepper, Charles
F. Mebus and Anthony J. Scirica were
the only minority votes the bill received.
Manderino said 1633 will be available
for amendment Thursday. He also said
247 will be recalled Thursday.
"We plan to go back to 247 tomorrow,"
Manderino said Wednesday. "We may
run it ( vote) tomorrow. It depends on
how many people are here and if there is
a significant vote change.
"We will go with 247 unless something
better comes along. Senate leaders
indicated they would have difficulty if
we changed the package (2474"
Wise said several additional majority
members have indicated they would
vote for 247. Last Tuesday the bill
received 86 votes, but she said the figure
now stands at about 95, still seven short
of the vote needed for concurrence with
the Senate.
Manderino said the House's major
concern still is to raise revenue for the
dhiversities.
"I'm not sure what plan will fund the
universities," Manderino said. "But I'm
sure there is a plan out there."
Manderino said he still is optimistic
that a tax increase bill would be passed.
"The last four times we passed taxes,
the increases never came before Dec.
15," Manderino said.
See related stories, page 5.
Winter Wonderland?
Cloudy and warmer but generally
dreary this morning with occasional
showers throughout the day and a high of
53. Partly cloudy tonight as temper
atures hold in the low 50's. Becoming
windy and cooler Friday with some sun
shilie and a high of 42.
Helen D. Wise
those who serve their local government should be
recognized.
Councilman Wallis Lloyd said he could not un
derstand why people would complain about increased
government expenditures when personal income is
rising.
Kummer said many people have told him they are ,
upset with increased borough spending, but he noted
that very feW express their opinions during Council
public hearings.
Regarding a proposal to create pedestrian nodes, a
plan that was eliminated from last year's budget,
Councilman James McClure said the matter was still
under consideration.
"I don't think pedestrian nodes are a high priority
item," Councilman Arnold Addison said.
extension before the tougher standards were to
take effect.
In May of this year, the U.S. Senate voted to
extend the 1975 standards to 1979. The new
standards which take effect in 1980 allow a
maximum of 0.41 grams of hydrocarbons per
mile, 3.4 of carbon monoxide per mile and 1
gram of nitrogen oxides per mile.
Another anti-pollution device that contributed
to increased fuel economy in 1975 was exhaust
gas recirculation, which passed exhaust gases
back into the engine to be remixed with gasoline
and burned again. The action lowers nitrogen
oxide emissions and increases fuel economy.
In order to fully understand how different
technological advances affect an automobile's
emissions and fuel economy, it is necessary to
understand the basic operation of the standard
internal combustion engine.
In an automobile engine, air is taken from the
outside and fuel is mixed with it as the air passes
through the carburetor.
The mixture of air and fuel is then drawn into
each individual cylinder by a down-stroke of the
piston and is compressed on the next up-stroke.
When the point of maximum compression is
Continued on Page 7
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