41 A voice from the sea, Jean-Michel Cousteau last night told students about his experiences in the underwater world
Denizens
By EVE MARKOWITZ
Collegian Staff Writer
Thanks to Jean-Michael Cousteau, more than
1,700 people who attended his lecture last night
now know how to react if they should bump
noses with a shark some day.
"I've been diving 31 years and have had
many opportunities to see sharks. I can tell
you, when I see potentially dangerous ones I'm
Mt proud. I'm scared. But I don't let them
know," he told the crowd in the University
Auditorium.
If a shark is heading' for you, Cousteau
suggested, you either start to pray, or, if you
choose to be more practical, arm yourself with
a three-foot-long rod pronged with blunt nails.
Mayors ask
ATLANTA (AP) A powerful contingent of
big-city mayors gathered yesterday in Georgia
f9iipan urban summit with Jimmy Carter. They
are seeking at least $3.5 billion in emergency
public works money and wider latitude in how
the funds can be spent locally.
The city officials meet today with Carter in
Atlanta. In addition to the public works
program, they will lobby for increased housing
subsidies and development of a national urban
policy.
They will tell Carter that the government
should allow use of the new public works money
for "deferred maintenance," according to John
Gunther of the U.S. Conference of Mayors.
Most public works money now is spent on
Qost, installation to be studied
USG to prepare cable
By KATHY O'TOOLE
Collegian Staff Writer
the University yesterday came a few
steps closer to admitting Rin Tin Tin,
Herman Munster and Maxwell Smart
into your dorm room.
A report on the feasibility of cable
television in the dormitories will be
aresented on Jan. 15 to an ad
ninistrative-student committee
studying the service, Undergraduate
Student Government President W.T.
Williams said at last night's USG Senate
Meeting.
Williams said Joe Aman, president of
Centre Video, will look into the cost and
problems involved in installation of
cable television and make recom
mendations accordingly.
Weather
Despite this morning's frigid tem
peratures, a brief respite from the arctic
cold is in store. Mostly sunny today,
becoming breezy and milder during the
afternoon. High 35. Variable cloudiness
tonight and tomorrow. The low tonight
s will be 30 and high tomorrow 42.
olle • ian
the
daily
of the deep face savage life
This sort of contraception, Cousteau said,
would peacefully convince the shark that there
is an obstacle between you and himself.
"It's like when a dog is mad at you," he said.
"Don't swim away because you're going to get
it. That's your only choice. If you want to keep
your behind you face him there's noway
out."
Because of recent films, Cousteau said, the
threat of sharks has been greatly exaggerated.
Probably no more than 10 of the 200 known
species of sharks are potentially dangerous to
man.
"In 1975 one person in the United States died
from a shark attack. Two hundred fifty died
from bee stings," he said.
for funds
major building projects, but Carter policy chief
Stuart Eizeqtat has suggested that such
spending takes too long to stimulate the
economy.
If the money was spent on routine municipal
maintainance, says Gunther, it would provide
an immediate spending stimulus and would
mean much-needed help to cities that have
been forced to delay maintainance of public
facilities because of budget problems.
Meanwhile, Carter auditioned two can
didates for secretary of• Housing and Urban
Development yesterday. Four other HUD
possibilities are among the mayors, he will
meet today. .
Williams said he was "very op
timistic" about the cable television
proposal following a meeting yesterday
with Aman and several administrative
officials including Ralph
_E. zilly,
director of the Physical Plant, Raymond
0. Murphy, vice president for student
affairs, and M. Lee Uperaft, director of
Residential Life.
Williams said the possibility of adding
a public information station was
discussed. It also was noted, he said,
that cable television would complement
the residence hall area radio stations by
expanding their frequencies.
Williams said the biggest problem
with the cable television would be its
cost. He said power consumption on
campus would increase by 2 million
watts per hour. The power plants may
not be able to handle the additional
currents, he said, and new ground cables
may be necessary.
Williams said the University would be
responsible for paying the cable
television bill, and this would probably
be reflected in increased room and
board costs.
Williams said if the proposal is ac
cepted, cable television probably will be
"Sharks, like other animals, do not have a
sense of revenge, as shown in the movies,"
Cousteau said.
Cousteau wasn't impressed with the white
shark featured in the film "Jaws."
"There's a much larger one no one talks
about, the largest fish on earth he has no
teeth, he eats plants, so no one cares. He's a
nice fish you can ride. It's a very nice feeling."
"All the work done by scientists for the last 30
years," Cousteau said, "has been destroyed
overnight by films made and shown all over the
world. The public is responsible for this.
"We've had our sex period. Now we're going to
have our violence period."
Cousteau narrated several films showing
procreation, recreation and mealtime in the
deep.
"There's a manta ray doing loops in front of
your eyes," Cousteau said. "And a seahorse
sitting on his father's head."
In living 'color, we saw a tiny squid squirt
from his jelly-like egg to bounce through the
currents of the sea.
"He'll be eaten up, probably, in a few hours,"
Cousteau said.
The appetites of the creatures of the deep
were astounding.
The film showed fish of every variety con
suming their neighbors like vacuum cleaners.
A seahorse eating his offspring, a snail shooting
darts of venom into his victims, and seaweed
like pike fish were only a few of the hungrier
actors in the drama.
Cousteau said such seeming violence is
natural in the ocean and it happens constantly.
TV plan
installed in one dormitory or a group of
dormitories on a trial basis.
In other business, USG Business
Manager Jim Minarik said USG will
again sponsor chartered, express bus
trips to Pittsburgh and Philadelphia for
the Christmas break.
Buses to Pittsburgh will leave the
HUB at 6:15 p.m. on Dec. 21 and 22.
Return trip buses will leave the down
town Continental Trailways Terminal at
12:15 p.m. on Jan. 2.
Buses to Philadelphia will leave the
HUB at 5:45 p.m., and return trip buses
will leave the Continental Trailways
Terminal in Philadelphia at 12:15 p.m.
Jan. 2.
Minarik said about 520 students rode
the USG buses last term at a savings of
more than $l,lOO over the cost of bus
terminal tickets.
Tickets go on sale today at the HUB
desk and will be sold on a first-come,
first-serve basis, Minarik said.
In the only formal action taken last
night, the USG Senate voted
unanimously to commend USG Senator
Jim Hoffman for his efforts in
organizing the Student Leaders con
ference last Saturday.
Supreme Court lifts
Gilmore death ban
WASHINGTON (UPI) The Supreme Court on a 5-4 vote
yesterday refused to interfere further with Gary Mark
Gilmore'§ desire to die before a Utah firing squad.
The court said in a brief order, issued in late afternoon
following the regular Monday morning session, that it lifted
the stay of execution it imposed earlier after examining
transcripts of various hearings on the case and the views of
the state.
Unless lawyers find other ways to block the execution,
Gilmore will be the first person to be put to death in this
country since June, 1967.
One of the main arguments made by the NAACP Legal
Defense Fund was that Gilmore had not intelligently waived
his right to appeal and had not even been told about this right.
The LDF represented the condemned man's mother, Mrs.
Bessie Gilmore of Milwaukie, Ore., who intervened in her
son's behalf. . ,
But the . Supreme Court said after carefully looking at the
material it is convinced that Gilmore "made a knowing and
intelligent waiver of any and all federal rights he might have
asserted after the Utah trial court's sentence was imposed."
Specifically, the order said, the court feels that "the state's
determinations of his competence knowingly and intelligently
to waive any and all such rights were firmly grounded."
Other proceedings are under way in state courts dealing
specifically with the state law that executions must take place
within 60 days of sentencing. Because of the stays by the
Supreme Court and others, this period now has elapsed in the
Gilmore case.
The Supreme Court order was accompanied by a flurry of
opinions, both concurring and dissenting.
Chief Justice Warren E. Burger, joined by Justice Lewis F.
Powell Jr. in the majority opinion, said Gilmore's mother had
no standing to appear on his behalf, since Gilmore himself
filed a response in the case
6t
The application of Bessie Gilmore manifestly fails to
meet the statutory requirements to invoke this court's power
to review the action of the Supreme Court of Utah," Burger
said.
At the same time Burger stated the view that the state was
"firmly grounded" in its determination of Gilmore's com
petence to waive his rights.
Speaking in dissent for himself and Justices William J.
Brennan Jr. and Thurgood Marshall, Justice Byron R. White
said the exeuction should be stayed until state courts "have
resolved the obvious, serious doubts" about the validity of
Utah's capital punishment law. •
"I believe the consent of a convicted defendant in a criminal
case does not privilege a state to impose a punishment
"You must realize that a slight change in
chemistry may jeopardize this incredible way
of life that is very fragile and beautiful at the
same time." He warned against the oceans
becoming a "universal sewer" due to oil slicks
and other forms of pollution.
Cousteau began to dive along with his brother
31 years ago along the French Riviera. His
father, the world-famous marine biologist,
tossed his children out of their small boat so
they wouldn't argue so much, Cousteau said.
"I felt he wanted to keep us quiet. There's no
way you can fight in the water, and if you do,
you only make a few bubbles."
Since then, Cousteau has been studying
sealife the world over. He described a recent
experience along the coast of Alaska.
"As we were cruising in Glacier Bay, I
realized that the ice was probably 100 years old.
I counted 300 harvest seals. Probably one-third
had just given birth to little baby seals. There
was blood all over the ice. The little baby seals
were going out on their first dive."
Cousteau said the most endangered sea
animal today is the largest that ever lived on
earth including the dinosaurs.
"To give you an idea of the size of the blue
whale," Cousteau said, "his tongue is the size
of an elephant."
There are so few blue whales left, he added,
that they cannot reproduce. Cousteau ex
plained that three whales one female and two
males are necessary in the mating process.
"The older male is going to be the lucky one
the younger one is the one to learn and help.
His turn will come later in the season."
.t _ , ne to my song
Bill Kelley, a disc jockey and program director, works at campus stations, is going commercial after Chris" -^P
South Halls radio station (WSIIR), which, along with other break. See story, page In.
Ten cents per copy
Tuesday, November 14,1978
Vol. 77, No. 85 14 pages University Park, Pennsylvania
Published by Students of The Pennsylvania State University
W 202 PATTEE
otherwise forbidden by the Bth Amendment," White said.
Marshall agreed in a separate opinion, but also said the
record does not show Gilmore properly waived his appeal
rights.
Justice Harry A. Blackmun also dissented. He said the
application for further stay should have a speedy hearing.
Justices John Paul Stevens and William H. Rehnquist filed a
brief joint statement saying "a third party has no standing"
to litigate a claim that a law violates the Constitution's ban on
cruel and unusual punishment.
Only Justice Potter Stewart, author of the court's opinions
of last July upholding the principle of capital punishment,
offered no separate opinion in the Gilmore case, merely going
along with the majority.
The case posed some difficulty for the justices, judging from
the dissents and the pattern of voting. White and Blackmun
both had voted last July to uphold the death penalty. The court
majority, including Stewart, Stevens and Powell, voted
against mandatory death laws while upholding those which
afford some jury discretion.
In addition, White is known as a justice who generally votes
against the defendant when the high court is faced with issues
of constitutional law, and is the lone justice left on the high
court who voted against Miranda rules in that famous case a
decade ago. The rules set guidelines police must follow in
questioning and detaining a criminal suspect.
Removal of the stay opens the way for Utah District Court
Judge J. Robert Bullock to set a new execution date. He
initially scheduled the execution for Dec. 6, but the Supreme
Court stayed that order on Dec. 3.
Bullock first must deal with other legal moves in the case
The Supreme Court yesterday also, rejected efforts by
James Earl Ray to withdraw his guilty plea for the 1968
assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in Memphis.
After holding Ray's appeal for an unusually long time on its
docket, the justices turned it down without comment.
Ray, who is serving a 99-year sentence for the King murder,
has been claiming that two lawyers influenced him to plead
guilty because they had a financial interest in a book planned
by author William Bradford Huie.
Ray now claims he is innocent of the crime
Police nab 11
in drug seizure
MOUNT POCONO, Pa. (AP) State and federal law en
forcement officers confiscated eight tons of marijuana with a
street value of $9 million to $16.6 million and arrested 11
persons at an airport here yesterday.
U.S. Customs agents and state police said they made the
arrest while the marijuana was being unloaded from a four
engine DC 6 at the Pocono Airport.
The officers camped out at the airport overnight in an
ticipation of the arrival of the contraband from South
America.
Authorities said it was the largest amount of marijuana
seized in Pennsylvania in at least three years.
"It may be the biggest bust ever in Pennsylvania," said a
customs agent in Philadelphia. "But even if it isn't, it's a
damn significant one."
The Columbian marijuana was being taken from the air
plane in canvas and burlap sacks of about 25 pounds each and
loaded into large rental trucks when the 15 members of the
stake-out team moved in.
Those arrested included the four-man crew of the plane, five
men at the airfield and two more in nearby cars who were
supposedly monitoring police actions. Although two of the
suspects had handguns, police said none tried to resist arrest,
although several tried to run away.
Customs agent Clark Maurer said 25 pounds of marijuana
would fill a" two-suiter piece of luggage. The load siezed by the
raid would fill 640 suitcases. Besides the marijuana, police
seized three rental trucks, a van and two cars, all equipped
with two-way radios and police radio monitors. Three more
planes are subject to seizure, according to Assistant U.S. Atty.
Sal Cognetti.
The raid was the result of a six-week investigation that "we
got into by a fluke," Maurer said. "We thought it was booze"
that was to be flown in, he said.
When customs officials learned recently that marijuana
was involved, The Drug Enforcement Administration of the
U.S. Justice Department joined in the investigation.
The marijuana was reportedly for distribution in New
Jersey, Philadelphia and Wilkes-Barre.
4 ;; COPTES
Photo by Amy Maxwell