President-elect Jimmy Carter and his wife, Rosalynn meet well-wishers in a victory celebration in Plains, Ga
Faculty .
may be
By DAVE SKIDMORE
Collegian Staff Writer
Elections to determine •faculty union
representation could be held as early as
next March, due to concessions made by
the Penn State UniVersity Professional
ASsociation (PSUPS).
4 ' The concessions were made at
yesterday's Pennsylvania Labor
Relations Board (PLRB) hearings. The
purpoie of the hearings has been to
determine if department heads should
be included in a proposed faculty
bargaining unit.
, r) Until yesterday both PSUPA and the
American Association of University
Professors (AAUP), seeking to
represent the faculty in a union, con
tended that department heads should be
in the unit. The University maintained
that department heads were essentially
mipervisory personnel and should not be
1n the unit.
PLRB hearing : examiner Sidney
Lawrence said that his decision hinged
Weather
Partly cloudy, breezy, and chilly today.
High 45. Becoming mostly cloudy, windy,
and cold tonight and tomorrow. Low to
night 30 and high tomorrow near 40.
Forn7er USG presidents recall past terms of office
•
: 7 By DOROTHY HINCHCLIFF
Collegian Staff Writer
From the activist sixties to the more complacent seventies,
the Undergraduate Student Government has changed with the
times while helping to support student sentiments.
According to past USG presidents, relations between
students and administrators have fluctuated considerably.
1964-65 'USG President Ben Novak, currently a State College
attorney, found that in the 19505, USG was a far more effective
body at getting things done.
"Students used to have a lot more position in the University
and were more involved," Novak said. He added that in later
years, the administration and the students became two dif
ferent entities
Although there had been some disagreements between Eric
,Walker, University president at that time, and earlier USG
officials, Novak said he got along fairly, well with him.
"However, we felt in the future there would be grave
problems," Novak said. '
The concerns of the student body were still very much
centered around getting an education when Novak was in
office: No one really. was concerned about Vietnam yet, he
said, although hints of troubled times ahead were slowly
libcoming apparent across the country.
Now also practicing law, Ted Thompson, 1969-70 USG
president, said that by the time the late sixties rolled around,
stud9nts at Penn State wanted to feel the problems outside of
Happy Valley. "Students here felt they were isolated from the
war issues that they were in a make-believe world. They
began picking on things to protest about," he said.
At the same time, students were demanding changes on
I—lmpus. "Many felt the University was not doing enough to
admit minority students," Thompson said. He added that
students were now pressing for 24 hour visitation; an issue
which he said began in East Halls a few years earlier.
"One major change that took place was that Eric Walker
left," Thompson said. "His purpose was to build up the
University in size and with student population. Dealing with
•,humanigtic problems wasn't important to him."
011eian,
the
daily
union
held
on whether department heads exercise
their authority or merely operated on
the consensus ~of the., faculty in theli
degitineht:
Last week, in an attempt to shorten the
hearings,• Lawrence ruled that . the
University. could not call additional
witnesses other than five deans who
already had testified. However he said
that the University would be allowed to
present rebuttal testimony if PSUPS or
AAUP introduced evidence concerning
colleges whose deans did not testify.
• PSUPA, conceded and will not present
evidence on the department head issue,
according to PSUPA representative
Marc Kornfeld, in order to shorten the
hearings and allow an election to be held
as early as next March. .
Choices in the election include
representation by AAUP or PSUPA and
no representation.
Kornfeld said that the University has
shown during the hearings that it ex
pects department heads to exercise their
authority. '
Kornfeld said that although PSUPA
still believes that department heads
should be in the unit, "We don't want to
expose to the University's view those
department heads who run their
departments by consensus, by calling
them as witnesses."
According to AAUP president G
elections
in March
Edward Phillips, AAUP hasn't conceded
the issue yet. _
Examiner- L awrence. 'said .' that _he'
___ . •
would allo A AUPU to present evidence
in their faVoi at hearings scheduled for
Dec. 8, 9 and 10.
However, Phillips said it's possible
that Harrisburg might overrule
Lawrence and not allow the AAUP to
present evidence.
USG president of the following year, Jim Antoniono,
currently chief deputy at the recorder office in Westmoreland
County and attending Duquesne Law School, agreed with
Thompson. "This had been the last year of the old regime.
Walker couldn't deal with the fact that you had to talk to
students. He locked the whole second floor of Old Main, which
infuriated people," Antoniono said.
"Dr. Oswald became president right after I took over,r he
said. "After Walker, he was very refreshing and was always
accessible to the students. It was like night, and day when
Oswald came." .
In addition to minorities crying for change here, Antoniono
said that there was outright discrimination against women at
the University. "I found a statement by the Board of Trustees
that had set a ratio of 2.6 men to be admitted for every woman,
after HEW (Department of Health, Education and Welfare)
had ruled against this," he said
"Also, I did a study for NOW (National Organization of
Women) and found that there were almost no women
professors at Penn State."
That year the largest single demonstration on this campus
took place when 12,000 students marched down College
'Avenue in protest of the Cambodian invasion. "State police
were all over campus and we were very worried clbo,yt
somebody getting hurt," Antoniono said.
Besides concerning themselves with national rtlii
Antoniono said that students wanted to have an affec
university life. During his administration, the students first
got the right to 24-hour visitation.
"We fought to get students on all committees," he said,
referring to the Board of Trustees and the Faculty Senate.
"There was a lot of competition for these positions and now it
seems you can't get enough people on them. "
He added that USG had begun fighting to gain students the
right to vote in State College.
However, not until the following year did students obtain
that right. Owner of State College's "Family Clothesline,"
Benson Litchtig, 1971-72 USG president, said that ‘ USG
became involved in a law suit which won them voting rights in
"If we're not allowed . . .we can
submit a separate , petition," Phillips
said, "provided we get consent cards
from 30 per cent of the faculty."
The original petitioner - for an election,
PSUPA, has already been required to
obtain cards from 30 per cent of the
faculty. AAUP as an intervener in the
hearings only needed cards from 10 per
cent.
In another action to shorten the
hearings, PSUPA amended its original
petition to include only faculty mem
bers. They also filed a separate petition
asking to represent non-teaching
assistants such as counselors,
programmers, engineers, therapists and
technicians.
PSUPA originally petitioned to include
both faculty and non-teaching
professionals in one unit. '
Public hearings continue today and
tomorrow at 10:00 a.m. in room 114 of the
J. Orvis Keller Conference Center.
Ford pledges his support
Carter seeks unification
WASHINGTON (AP) President
elect- Jimmy Carter, the outsider come
to power, accepted yesterday the hoarse
congratulations and the promised
support of President Ford, the appointed
incumbent he so narrowly vanquished to
win the White House.
At the railroad depot in Plains, Ga.,
his hometown campaign headquarters,
Carter said a first task must be "The
unification of our country after a close
and hard-fought' election." He said
Ford's promise of cooperation to that
end will make the job "much easier for
me."
So hoarse and weak was the
President's voice that in his telephone
call to Carter, Ford had aide Richard
Cheney read his telegram of concession
and congratulation.
Carter said, "I look forward to
working with President Ford and others
like him who, even though divided by
party, are united by common devotion to
thiS - country and the well being of our
people." -
Carter said he deeply appreciated
Ford's call "and his gracious expression
of congratulations and cooperation." He
said he had expressed his admiration for
'Ford, and for the President's strong,
effective campaign.
Ford carried 26 states, Carter 22 and
the District of Columbia. But Carter's
Choice of issues hurt
By PETE BARNES
Collegian Staff Writer
The defeat yesterday of incumbent
Republican candidate Albert W. John
son, Congressman from the 23rd District,
is the end result of a trend that has been
evident in hip last three congressional
races.
In 1972 and 1974, Johnson's victories
were characterized by a decreasing
percentage of winning votes over his
opponents. Now, this year, the percent
age was in opponent Joseph Ammer
man's favor. '
Several reasons can be given as to
why . Johnson lost. First, in campaigning,
.Johnson emphasized, a, `,`wrong" , issue:
-Seniority, which Joh,ilson 4 gave - ;as - the
,main reason that he should be re
elected, has been an unpopular issue and
one that has been under attack for
several years.
Analysis
Second, Johnson emphasized his
ability to get things done for the district
through influence and friends. Unfor
tunately for Johnson, the voters didn't
want to hear that bills were passed
through their congressman's influence.
As a result of 'constant accusations
about his record, outside interests and
environmental stands Johnson seemed
to be on the defensive for most of the
race. When Johnson spoke at public
debates with his, opponent, the in
cumbent had to constantly defend his
actions, while pointing out his, seniority
and influence in the House.
, On the opposite side, Ammerman
took an additional advantage through
his heavy media blitz. Television com
mercials, radio spots, and newspaper
ads saturated the district. In the Daily
Collegian. alone, he ran two advertise-
town. Later, he said, it became a test case throughout the
country for other college towns.
"Out of a student body of about 20,000, eight or nine
thousand registered to vote here that year," Litchtig said.
"Although'it was far from what it should have been, it was one
of the high points of student involvement."
Looking back over what what was accomplished, Litchtig
said he saw it as a year for establishing student services. In
addition to a student loan fund and the inception of USG de
partments of Legal and Political Affairs, it was the first year
USG was able to get students on the Board of Trustees and the
Faculty Senate, he said.
In general, Litchtig said students seemed to be more con
cerned with social issues. "A lot of kids were cutting classes
•
Ten cents per copy
Thursday, November 4, 1976
Vol. 77, No. 73 10 pages University Park, Pennsylvania
Published by Students of The Penmiylvania State University
near-solid South, his command of
Democratic bastions of the Northeast,
and his inroads into the Midwest added
up to victory.
In the popular vote, with 99 per cent of
the nation's precincts reporting, the
outcome was:
Carter 40,173,854 or 51 per cent.
Ford 38,429,988 or 48 per cent.
Independent Eugene J. McCarthy
654,770 or one per cent.
In Ohio, Carter's edge over Ford was
fewer than 8,000 votes. In Oregon, it was
fewer than 1,000. In Hawaii, Carter's
margin was a scant 7,000. Among them,
those states have 35 electoral votes,
enough to have given Ford the victory
that was Carter's.
So it was close but it was clear. To
underscore that judgment, New York
Republicans withdrew their suit to
impound ballots for a recount of the vote
that delivered Carter 41 electoral votes
there.
Carter went home to tiny Plains, Ga.,
at dawn, after a tumultuous victory rally
in Atlanta, and the welcome of his neigh
bors choked him with emotion. "I came
all the way through 22 months, and I
didn't get choked up until 11. . . " His
voice trailed off, and he embraced his
wife, Rosalynn, who wept with him.
At the White House, shortly after noon,
Ford spoke his consession in a voice so
ments per day in the final days of the
sence was known in the district, es
pecially in the State College area, to a
much greater extent than' did Johnson.
Evidence of this can be seen in most
precinct returns for State College,
showing Johnson being outnumbered by
Ammerman usually 4 to one.
An influential presence in this race
came from the "Dirty Dozen" Com
mittee, whose heavy anti-Johnson
campaign was carried out through many
radio and newspaper ads, and organized
Lack of monoy,_,Oyft Green
PHILADELPHIA (AP) Democrat
William Green had campaigned
vigorously as the man against the
money. And when he lost the bitter U.S.
Senate battle to Republican millionaire
John Heinz Tuesday, he still blamed it
all on money, and his lack of it.
"It was like taking on a bazooka with a
baseball bat," complained Green,
comparing his $BOO,OOO campaign chest
with the $2.5 million Heinz spent for
victory. And most of that came out of
Heinz's own pocket. •
The postmortem beef was really sour
grapes. Money may have been a
legitimate issue during the hard-fought
election to succeed Hugh Scott, but in the
end it was the man who won, and not his
money.
Actually, Green should have looked
west for the cause and effect: He was
done in there, not by dollars, but by
people Republicans, Democrats and
independents, but mostly Democrats
who split their tickets to finally get a
senator, Pittsburgh's Heinz, from their
own turf.
After all, in the other three statewide
races, the majority Democrats won as
expected choosing Jimmy Carter for
president and electing a new auditor
general and state treasurer. They also
W 202 PATTEE
hoarsened by his campaign labors that
he could barely speak. He had
telephoned Carter in Plains for what was
described as a warm, friendly con
versation.
"The President asked me to tell you
that he telephoned President-elect
Carter a short time ago and
congratulated him on his victory," she
said. "The President also wants to thank
all those thousands of people who
worked so hard on his behalf and the
millions who supported him with their
votes. It has been the greatest honor of
my husband's life to have served his
fellow Americans during two of the most
difficult years in our history."
Carter will find new faces but the
same • Democratic command in
Congress. This was the box score:
The Senate retained its power balance
of 62 Democrats and 38 Republicans. The
Democratic balance includes
Independent Harry F. Byrd Jr. of
Virginia who votes in the Democratic
caucus. All told, each party won seven
seats held by the other.
In the House, Democrats won 293 seats
and led for five others. RepUblicans won
142 seats.
Johnson
demonstrations against the incumbent.
Starting about a month ago, the com
mittee waged its effort strongly, right up
until the last days of the contest.
The actions of the Dirty Dozen
Committee and Democrat Ammerman,
coupled with Johnson's inability to wage
an effective campaign, resulted in the
challenger carrying 7 of the 11 counties
in the 23rd District and winning by more
than 22,000 votes. This election was
clearly one of issues and men, rather
than one of party affiliation.
increased their lead in Congress by three
and improved party control in both
houses of the state legislature.
• Since 1958 Pennsylvania has been
represented in the U.S. Senate by
easterners Joseph Clark, former
Philadelphia mayor, bounced out by
Republican Richard Schweiker of
Montgomery County in 1968, and Scott,
also a Philadelphian.
and going to protest rallies at Old Main over the minority and
war issues," Litchtig said
.
By 1974 however, State College resident George Cernusca,
then USG president, said the campus had reached a turning
point. "We were at a watershed between large strikes and
rallies and what we see now as the more complacent seven
ties," he said.
Most students, Cernusca said, had become concerned with
the difficulties of getting a job when they got out.
According to Cernusca, changes in the administration had
also taken place by thetime he was in office.
"When Oswald first became president, he took walking
tours of campus and was very empathetic to the students'
problems," he said. "Later, Oswald shut off and became more
of a legend."
Cernusca went on to say that the administration had become
too powerful and still controls everybody's life here.
"The USG president," he said, "is just a figurehead a
position which is not regarded seriously by the ad
ministration."
However, 1975-76 USG President Joe Seufer ( 9th
marketing) said that if a student representative can present a
persuasive argument, the administration will listen.
While he was USG president, Seufer said he thought of
.his
job as a manager. "My role was to make sure things got done
and we only had so much time to do them in."
Although none of the ex-presidents said that the USG was
the leader of change on campus, all seemed to view the
organization as a valuable means of student expression.
In retrospect, Thompson, the only black USG president, said
he would have been more aggressive and less cautious in
order to make the issues appear quicker.
Cernusca said that a lot of USG's faults lie at the Daily
Collegian. "They're too frightened to take a stand and are
walking a tightrope between issues. USG and the Collegian
'should work hand in hand," he said.
In Seufer's opinion however; USG is as effective as the
people involved. "People who talk about apathy or who say
that it stinks aren't doing enough work," he said.
4 ': COPIES
For lack of a voice, Ford turned to his
wife, Betty, to read the concession
statement, and she did, with a tight,
studied smile.
The last from the west was Edward
Martin, a National Guard general and
former governor froth Washington, Pa.
Two years ago, Pittsburgh Mayor Pete
Flaherty tried to oust Schweiker, but
this year the west was not to be denied—
and the statistics prove it.
In Allegheny County, for instance,
long a Democratic stronghold, Heinz
won by an astounding 211,000 votes while
Carter, hurt by the jumpovers, carried it
by only 25,000. Flaherty, in 1974, won by
93,000.
Heinz also piled up majorities in other
Democratic areas Westmoreland
25,000, Washington 13,000, Erie 7,000,
Beaver 10,000. .
Green won only nine of the state's 67
counties, including his home town
Philadelphia, where he piled up a
298,000-vote margin which he believed
would be enough to carry the state.