Spanish
SAN SEBASTIAN, Spain (UPI)
Foreign Minister Marcelino Oreja
Aguirre and his police escort were
streaking along a superhighway outside
San Sebastian at 100 miles per hour when
both cars screeched to a halt. The
drivers paid the 35 peseta charge at a toll
booth and the cars roared off again at
full speed.
It was one of the signs of Spain's move
toward democracy. The Francoists
wouldn't have paid. . -
In an interview conducted in his
Spanish-made Dodge sedan as it roared
along the Biarritz-San Sebastian high
way from the airport behind a police car,
it became quite evident that Oreja was a
young man in a hurry to restore Spain to
its rightful plade in the post-Franco
world. •
Oreja, 41, a Basque and a millionaire,
is considered by many Spaniards to be a
key man in the effort to bring a freely
elected government to Spain and to win
the apporval and trust of West Europe
which, after 37 years of isolation under
Francisco Ffanco, began to think
_that
Europe ended at the Pyrenees.
He said one of his major aims is the
reestablishment of Spain's close
economic, political and cultural ties with
South America where some nations have
swung toward an alliance with the Third
World. He said he plans visits to South
America soon. King Juan Carlos plans
visits later.
Political pundits in Spain say that
Oreja has a built-in future and that he is
the only person in the country who could
walk a political minefield and escape
destruction. He served in the National
Council of the National Movement
Laborers work in Mao's memory
TOKYO (AP) Chinese
workers have begun giving up
days off to do voluntary labor
in memory of Chairman Mao
Tse-tung now lying in state in
Peking's Great Hall of the
People, a Chinese broadcast
said yesterday.
Anbther broadcast said
President Ford, in a letter of
condolence on Mao's death,
had renewed a pledge to
normalize U.S.-Chinese
relations.
"The nationwide mourning
activities have become a well
spring of strength for China's
hundreds of millions of
people," the official Hsinhua
news agency said.
It said 8,000 workers of the
Shanghai electric machinery
plant held memorial services
in an auditorium and gave up
their day off Satuiday to do
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foreign minister seeks approval of Europe
Franco party and emerged not only
unscathed but with his position as a'
"liberal" enhanced.
At one point Franco tried to push
through a bill which would give the
impression Spain had several political
parties. Oreja was one of three members
of the Council who had the guts to vote
against it although the official record
showed that three men "abstained."
He and other liberal Christian
Democrats formed a think tank called
Tacito which had the temerity to write
articles for the newspaper "Ya" giving
Franco suggestions on how to
democratize Spain. When the editor of
"Ya" was arrested on the serious charge
of advocating a change in the con
stitution, Oreja and his colleagues ad
mitted they were the authors. The
matter was quickly dropped.
Spanish political experts said the job
of Premier Adolfo Suarez, 43, is open to
Spain to democracy and that Suarez then
probably will bow out. That is when
Oreja is expected to emerge as one of the
leaders of a democratic Spain.
In the meantime Oreja is in a hurry. In
a typical week he was airborne aboard a
jet plane for seven consecutive days to
Bonn, to Bern, back to Madrid, to Paris
on Tuegday to set up a visit of the king,
back to the summer capital of San
Sebastian on Wednesday. Thursday to
Madrid and then to Oviedo on Friday to
drop off Suarez at his summer home and
back to San Sebastian.
He rushes around the country in a
Dassault twin-jet executive-type plane
then roars off in a fast car to whatever
meeting he has next. He is busy
renegotiating a Spanish agreement with
labor in honor of Mao, who
died last Thursday at the age
of 82.
Workers at the Peking
Hsinhua printing houses
"gave up all rest during the
last few days to print por
traits of Chairman Mao and
fulfilled their task ahead of
time," Hsinhua added.
The broadcast on Ford's
letter said the President had
written Premier Hua Kuo
feng that normalization of
relations between the two
countries "would be a fitting
tribute to Mao's vision, and of
benefit to the peoples of our
two countries."
" Let me confirm now, as I
did then, the determination of
the United States to complete
the normalization of our
relations on the basis of the
Shanghai, Communique," the
broadcast quoted Ford as
saying. Former President
Nixon signed the Shanghai
accord with Chinese leaders
during his 1972 visit,
Ford expressed con
dolences from the U.S.
government and people,
saying, "Few men in any era
achieve historic greatness.
Chairman Mao was one of
these men."
In line with the power
struggle going on for the last
nine months * in _China,
Hsinhua said workers at a
power plant in Tientsin held a
special meeting Friday to
criticize Teng Hsiao-ping.
Mao fired Teng in April as
vice peremier and Com
munist party vice chairman,
accusing him of trying to
restore capitalism in China.
The power struggle is be-
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the European Common Market and
working constantly to improve Spain's
image in Western Europe.
Oreja is a millionaire whose — family
has controlling interest in Agroman, one
of Spain's two top construction com
panies, and other businesses. Agroman,
among other things, is building a new
toll road from San Sebastian north
toward Victoria and Burgos.
Oreja is small s'-6 1 / 2 " and
dynamic. He is married and has two
children. His father was a right-winger
who was slain, by Communists in the
turmoil that preceded the civil war. His
father-in-law is former Commerce
Minister Manuel Arburua who is known
to Spaniards as the father-in-law of the
country Suegro de la Patria. Another of
Arburua's sons-in-law is the present
commerce minister, Jose Liado y
Fernandez-Urrutia.
Oreja is considered far more liberal
than members of the previous govern
ment Carlos Arias Navarro. His
position might be likened in the United
States to that of Vice President Nelson
Rockefeller, leader of the liberal wing of
the Republican Party, or in Britain to
former Conservative Prime Minister
Edward Heath.
. "We must pass from a personal rule of
40 years to democratize the country," he
said. "Election of a new chamber will be
by universal suffrage in the general
elections that must be held before June,
1977. During that time there will be time
to ask everybody's economic and
political views.
"The nations of the European
Economic Community will watch with
much interest the evolution of Spain
tween those backing Teng's
policies, which emphasized
economic advance, and those
upholding Mao's insistence on
giving first place to nation
-wide class struggle.
Hua Kuo-feng, considered a
compromise, was named in
April as premier and party
first vice chairman, making
him China's No. 2 man.
Any move by the 195-
member party Central
Committee to designate Hua
or anyone else as Mao's
successor is not expected
until after a massive
memorial rally for Mao in
Tien An Men Square.
Japanese observers said
the number of Central
Committee members who
have come to Peking suggests
that a meeting could be held
soon.
•.
.
.. tur
Our Fall Special
toward democracy. We are negotiating a
new commercial agreement with the
EEC because there are three new
members (Britain, Ireland and Den
mark) since the last agreement in 1970.
When there are general elections we can
apply for full membership. But it may
take four or five more years until
membership is granted." N
Asked about the Communist party in
Spain he replied:
"The government has stated that
sovereignty lies in the hands of the
people and that they will decide Spain's
future course. There are new laws for
the recognition of political parties and
we expect these laws will be obeyed in
recognizing these phrties. It will not
include the Communist party.
"The law excludes those who adopt
violence and separatism, particularly
those parties controlled from abroad.
Finally, the judiciary will define which
parties contravene the laws of'Spain. We
do not see any recognition of the legality
of the Communist party. But first we
must establish the rules the judges
4 agents exchanged in 1968
Israeli discloses espionage deal
TEL AVIV, Israel ( AP)
A former Israeli secret
service chief says Israel once
offered Egypt $1 million for
each of four espionage agents
captured in Cairo and also
tried to negotiate their
release through such figures
as the Pope, Francisco
Franco, Indira Ganhi and
Marshal Tito.
The four finally were
returned in 1968 in exchange
for release of 5,000 Egyptian
prisoners captured in the 1967
Middle East conflict, said
Meir Amit, .the official who
arranged the return.
The Israeli agents had been
jailed in Cairo in 1954 for their
part in a bungled sabotage
operation that has since been
named Israel's "Bay of
Pigs," after a failed U.S.
attempt to land anti-Castro
forces in Cuba. Over the
years, various Israelis have
dragged the affair into
politics. Amit and former
Defense Minister Moshe
Dayan currently are feuding
over it.
Amit said the Israeli agents
were assigned to bomb
American buildings in Egypt
with twin aims wrecking
U.S.-Egyptian relations by
will decide."
What about the opposition the
Francoists, the military ... ? •
"There are forces in Spain that oppose
democracy. I think a majority of the
country favors democracy. We will know
who opposes democracy when we hold
this election campaign. Now it is very
difficult to foresee there are isolated
groups .... When the political parties are
legalized we will know. .
"Of course there are forces who want
no change and some who want it in
stantly. I believe that the majority of the
people want to see an orderly transition.
Obviously there are pressure groups
who want to avoid a new arrangement.
We are looking toward the National Pact
between the government and the op
position parties."
This is an unwritten pact put forward
by former Foreign Minister Jose Maria
de Areilza under which the government,
which holds the power, and the op
position, which commands vast popular
support, could get together and work out
a formula for transition to democracy.
making the bombs look like
the work of Moslem fanatics,
and persuading the British
occupation force that soon
would withdraw that Egypt
was too unstable to govern
itself.
Some of those caught were
executed in Egypt and the
others were given long prison
sentences
Amin told of the Egyptian
offer in a television interview
Friday.
Italians uneasy after quakes
UDINE, Italy (AP)
"There's no need to fear
further 'quakes," the loud
speakers blare as they pass
through Udine and
surroudning villages. But the
people don't buy the message.
In Udine, a provincial
capital with 80,000
inhabitants, the parks and
streets were filled with people
who spent last night outside.
In the villages, teams of
rescuers continued the search
for more possible victims
buried by Saturday night's
tremors.
Two shocks within four bathtub Saturday night, and
The Daily Collegian Monday. September 11. 137 t; • •1
Nasser refused to negotiate
but the 1967 war provided a
fresh opportunity when Israel
had 5,000 Egyptian prisoners,
including several generals, to
trade for just a few dozen
Israeli POWs.
Nasser again refused to
free the agents and Dayan
favored abandoning the
demand for their release,
Amit said.
Amit added that his secret
service then wrote a personal
minutes of each other
Saturday reached 5.5 and 5.9
on the Richter Scale, com
pared to a 6.5 reading from a
quake on May 6 in which
nearly 1,000 persons died.
They were the strongest of the
190 tremors recorded since
the one in May.
On the Richter Scale, which
is. a measure of ground
motion recorded, on
seismographs, a reading of 6
is severe and 7 is considered a
major quake.
One man died when he fell
while scrambling out of the
One of the major problems facing
Spain is the demand by the Basque
provinces of the north for a restoration
of their special autonomous rights which
Franco took away from them for having
fought against him' in the civil war.
Oreja, as a Basque who was elected
from the province of Guizpucoa to the
National Council, is believed to have the
support and admiration of many of the
Basques who live in the shadow of the
Pyrenees.
The solution?
"We hope to solve this problem
peacefully through regionalism a
good solution since it will involve the
economic, political and cultural
decentralization of the country.
"This would not be a government like
the United States which is more a
federalist system. It will be a certain
amount of self-administration in
economic and cultural matters. Spain
has become too complex a country for
everything to be run centrally from
Madrid.
letter to Nasser, "very
carefully worded so as not to
impugn his honor•."
In the letter the Israelis
said they would trust Nasser
to free the agents within two
weeks after all 5,000 of his
prisoners came home.
"It was a gamble," said
Amit, but Nasser agreed, and
two weeks after the POWs
were exchanged, in
December 1968, the agents
returned.
about 40 people were injured
by falling rocks and bricks.
The real damage, though, can
only be measured in terms of
renewed fear.
"Maybe we should go to
America. What good does it
do to stay here?" Artico Urli
said in nearby Magnano. "I
had repaired my business
after May 6, investing several
million lire to put it back in
operation. There was a bit of
hope, but now that has
crumbled with my business."
The apartment in which
Urli lived also fell in the latest
quake.
=ME