—The Dail• Collegian Monday, May 10. 1076
Crime-fighting program
does little, study says
WASHINGTON (AP)
An independent study of
the government's multi
million-dollar crime
fighting program con
cludes it has accomplished
little and should be
abolished.
"The nation is in no
better position today than it
was when the Omnibus
Crime Control and Safe
Streets Act of 1968 was
enacted," says the report,
a draft copy of which was
obtained by the Associated
Press.
"Crime has increased
and no solutions to the
crime problem are on the
horizon," it added.
Insulin
links to
disease
RESTON. Va. (UPI)
Insulin, prolonger of life for
. thousands of diabetics, may
' contribute to the disease that
. is currently the nation's most
rapidly increasing cause of
blindness, a research team
said yesterday.
• The possibility is by no
means proven, they ern
: phasized in a paper presented
.at the Science Writers
Seminar, but tests with resus
monkeys suggest it, said Dr.
Alan L. Shabo of the UCLA
•School of Medicine in Los
:Angeles.
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(answers to puzzle on page 12)
Focus of the study was
the Law Enforcement
Assistance Administration,
which has disbursed $4.4
billion in grants to com
munities to help fight
crime.
"It is the conclusion of
this report that the LEAA
program should be
abolished," the study said.
Entitled "Law and
Disorder IV," the report
was the fourth in a series of
studies of LEAA. All were
directed by Sarah C.
Carey, a Washington at
torney, and all were highly
critical of the program.
The study will be
published by the Center for
"Based upqn our results,
one must raise the important
question of whether insulin, in
addition to prolonging life,
could have contributed to the
marked increased incidence
of proliferative diabetic
retinopathy over the last 50
years," he said.
In 1930, the percentage of
new cases of blindness due to
diabetes was less than one per
cent nationally, Shabo said.
By 1970, it had risen to 10.9
per cent and is reported to be
closer to 20 per cent in some
states such as New York and
Massachusetts.
The four-day meeting is
sponsored by Research to
Prevent Blindness, a national
voluntary research foun
dation.
More than 1.5 million
persons are blind to the point
of being unable to read even
with glasses. A half million
eye operations are performed
annually in the I inited States.
National Security Studies,
a private, non-profit
research group with
headquarters here that
specializes in topics in
cluding law enforcement.
The study examined the
LEAA's high impact
program under which $l6O
million was channeled to
eight cities in an effort to
reduce stranger-to
stranger crime. The im
pact cities were Atlanta,
Baltimore, Cleveland,
Dallas, Denver, St. Louis,
Newark, N.J., and Por
tland, Ore. A copy of the
study has not yet been
made available to the
LEAA.
Christians, Moslems reject newly-elected leader
BEIRUT, Lebanon (UPI)
Fierce fighting raged
yesterday in desolate
mountain towns northeast of
Beirut between Christian
militiamen and Moslem
leftists rejecting the election
of Elias Sarkis as Lebanon's
new president.
U.S. special envoy L. Dean
Brown met for an hour with
Sarkis yesterday, but em
bassy officials did not
disclose details of their talks.
Brown earlier sent a note of
congratulations to Sarkis,
Lebanon's conservative
central bank president,
elected by a 66-0 vote of
parliament Saturday in a
Beirut villa raked by leftist
machine gun and mortar fire.
Brown also sent a letter to
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FBI accused of illegal bugging
WASHINGTON ( UPI) The
FBI has been tapping telephones and
bugging Americans in noncriminal
cases for 40 years, and it continues to
use these and more sophisticated
techniques despite increased legal
restrictions, a Senate staff report said
yesterday.
The most private conversations of
American citizens have been
vulnerable to monitoring by goverfi
ment agents without warrants in
violation of constitutional rights, the
report said.
Electronic methods range from
conventional wire taps to
microphones secretly planted in
private locations or on "mobile in
formants," so-called "spike mikes"
which can be inserted into the wall of
an adjoining room; and parabolic
microphones, directed at "targets" in
train stations or on streets and ef
fective over long distances.
A telephone can be turned into a
leftist candidate Raymond
Edde, who boycotted the
election, praising Edde for his
"statesmanship."
Political circles were
unanimous in predicting
Sarkis' election would fail, to
bring peace to Lebanon, torn
by 13 months of civil war,
unless Sarkis reached an
understanding with leftist
alliance leader Kamal
Jumblatt.
Jumblatt, who Saturday
rejected the election as a
"flagrant forgery" resulting
from Syrian "military and
political pressure," remained
in Aley in the mountain
combat zone.
Local reports said the
fighting raged day-long
yesterday among the peaks
"miketel" capable of intercepting a
conversation within hearing range
with or without the phone in use.
"Even more sophisticated
technology permits the government
to intercept any telephone, telegram
or telex communication which is
transmitted at least partially through
the air as most such communica
tions now are," the report said.
"Techniques such as these have
been used and continue to be used by
intelligence agencies in their
operations." -
Similar methods are used by the
National Security Agency and the
CIA, • which, according to past
disclosures, even devised a "bugged"
toothbrush. But the staff intelligence
report concentrated on the FBI.
An FBI spokesman said the agency
would have no comment "until we
have had ample time to read the
report."
He said the FBI continues to con-
and desolate snow-patched
canyons of the Mt. Lebanon
region northeast of Beirut.
Fighting centered around
the towns of Aintourah and
Mtein, where rightists used
American-made tanks and
heavy field artillery in a drive
to dislodge leftists from the
road leading to the Christian
center of Zahle.
The leftist radio station said
"the corpses of 100
isolationists ( rightwingers )
still lie on the battlefield,"
while left-wing "martyrs"
numbered 16. The figures
could not be immediately
confirmed.
In the captial, sporadic
gunbattles were reported
along Moslem-Christian
confrontation lines in the
ATTENTION:
Business and Commerce Students
Council Meeting for interested
and motivated students
DATE: May 10, 1976
TIME: 7:00 P.M.
PLACE: Room 207, Bus. Ad. Bldg.
1976 Course Evaluation Guide
is available for sale in the HUB
and Undergraduate Administration
Office, Bus. Ad. Bldg.
duct electronic surveillance under
court warrants in organized crime
cases and with the permission of the
president or attorney general in
foreign intelligence or espionage
cases.
TeChniques "have understandably
enabled these agencies to obtain
valuable information relevant to their
legitimate intelligence missions," the
report said.
But by its very nature, electronic
surveillance allows the collection of
"vast amounts of information
unrelated to any legitimate govern
mental interest about large num
bers of American citizens." '
Nothing is immune from in
terception, the report said, and it
included excerpts from one FBI
telephone tap that stolidly reported
the wife of the "target" ordering
meat from a grocer, revealing a
daughter's toothache and chatting
eastern and southern
suburbs.
Leftist gunners hurled a
sudden barrage of mortar fire
on the downtown area early
today, but threats by Jum
blatt's alliance to renew open
warfare had kept the streets
deserted.
Earlier shooting incidents
around Beirut following the
election killed 70 persons and
wounded more than 120.
Fighting in Beirut died down
yesterday however.
The leftists called for
rejection of Sarkis, whose
election they attributed to
"foreign military and
political pressure". Syria,
the architect of Lebanon's
peace plan, was the target of
the leftists' anger.
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Sarkis had the support of
rightists and Syria in the
election and was expected to
take office when President
Suleiman Franjieh resigns
within a week a key point in
Syria's peace initiative.
Marriage rates declining
WASHINGTON (UPI)
Wedding bells rang less often
in 1979 than in the previous
year for the first decline in
marriages in 16 years, the
National Center for Health
Statistics said yesterday.
The 2,229,667 marriages
were 54,000 fewer than in 1973.
Early data for 1975 indicate a
continuing decline, with about
2,126,000 marriages per-
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Telephone taps and other sur
veillance have been approved and
sometimes ordered by presidents
back to Franklin D. Roosevelt and
attorneys general back to William D.
Mitchell in 1931.
In recent years, targets have in
cluded those considered "enemies"
and anti-war groups, black
organizations, congressmen,
reporters, "dissidents" and
"radicals" anyone judged as not
conforming to, or posing "potential
threats" to, established horms.
Court decisions narrowed the field
for authorized electronic sur
veillance. But hundreds of operations
were conducted without judicial
approval or Justice Department
knowledge, and gaps exist for
domestic interceptions on broad
grounds of "national security," the
report said.
In South Lebanon, a strike
shut down the city of Sidon for
the second successive day
and leftists called for
demonstrations today against
the election of Sarkis to the
presidency.
formed, said the center, a unit
of the Department of Health,
Education and Welfare.
Brides aged slightly during
the last decade, but the
groom's age remained
steady, the center said. The
median age of brides at first
marriage was 20.6 years in
1974, up from 20.3 in 1963. The
median age of grooms was
22.5 years.
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