Challenging the multitudes
Factions fight to control Angola
LUANDA, Angola <UPI) —Africa’s
newest independent state fell apart
yesterday on its first day of freedom.
Rival nationalist groups declared
themselves rulers of Angola and stepped
up their 10-month-old civil war.
The Marxist Popular Movement for
the Liberation of Angola seized power in
Luanda, but opposing forces pushed
toward the capital. A major battle was
expected at any time and Western
diplomats predicted a bloodbath.
Neighboring Zaire, meanwhile,
threatened to annex the oil-rich Angolan
enclave of Cabinda.
The Popular Movement declared
sovereignty over the West African state
in a wild midnight ceremony that
marked the end of nearly five centuries
of Portuguese domination.
Its leader, Dr. Agostinho Neto, was
sworn in as president of the renamed
Peoples Republic of Angola. Brazil and
the Soviet Union quickly recognized the
self-proclaimed government.
The United States will not recognize
the self-proclaimed government of
newly independent Angola, the State
Department said yesterday.
Commenting on the seizure of power
by the Soviet-backed Popular Movement
Watergate
probe Gulf
WASHINGTON (UPI) - The
Watergate special prosecutor’s office
yesterday said it is investigating Gulf Oil
Corporation’s allegedly illegal cam
paign contributions to members of
Congress between 1960 and 1972.
"There are still matters of in
vestigation." a spokesman for the office
said of the Gulf case.
The spokesman declined to be specific
but noted Gulf’s problems in the 1972
election were covered imNovember 1973,
when the company and its chief
Washington officer, Claude Wild Jr.,
pleaded guilty to violation of the federal
campaign finance law in connection with
$125,000 in contributions to the cam
paigns of former President Richard M.
.Nixon, Rep. Wilbur Mills, D-Ark., and
Sen. Henry M. Jackson, D-Wash.
The law prohibits the use of corporate
money to finance campaigns of federal
candidates.
UPI learned a former Gulf official told
government investigators he delivered
sealed envelopes allegedly filled with
Weather
A major weather change to wintry
conditions is in store for State College.
Becoming cloudy, windy and cool with
rain developing today and continuing
into tonight. High 55. Cloudy, windy and
cold late tonight with chance of a
shower, temperatures falling into the 40s
by dawn. Mostly cloudy and cold
tomorrow with a few showers or possibly
a snow flurry late in the day. High 44.
the
daily
\V £ ; ;
FACING ODDS OF 41 TO 1, Chess Grandmaster Walter Browne plays 41 con
secutive games with chess enthusiasts at an exhibition game last night at Waring
Lounge. See story, page 3.
for the Liberation of Angola, spokesman
Robert L. Funseth said the United States
supports an Organization of African
Unity resolution opposing any govern
ment not representative of all three
factions fighting for power in the former
Portuguese African territory.
Inland at Nova Lisboa, however, the
two groups opposed to Neto, the National
Front for the Liberation of Angola and
the National Union for the Total
Independence of Angola, unilaterally
declared sovereignty over the mineral
rich state, naming it the “Popular and - By UPI
Democratic Republic of Angola.” The U N - General Assembly’s linking
Together the two movements hold of Zionism with racism drew strong
sway over most of the territory, now reactions around the world yesterday. It
effectively carved up along tribal lines. was denounced by Israel and European
The United States said it would not nations as anti-Semitic, priased by the
recognize any of the rival groups. Most Soviet Union and Communist bloc, and
other Western nations were expected to hailed as a major victory by Arabs,
do the same. There also were demands that the
Neto swore to hold the country assembly, which approved the
together and praised “those who are at resolution by 72 to 35 with 32 abstentions
this moment at the battlefront Monday night, reconsider its action,
preventing the enemy from destroying In the United States President Ford
the gains already achieved.” said he deplored the .U.N. resolution
But as he spoke, an armored column of calling Zionism a form of racism but
National Front and National Union indicated he will reject pressures to
troops rolled toward the capital from the withdraw from the world body,
south after spectacularly capturing four The Senate yesterday unanimously
approved a joint resolution urging
Congress to “reassess further par
ticipation” of the United States in the
U.N. General Assembly. The resolution,
however, failed to win House approval.
In Jerusalem, Israeli officials branded
the resolution as antisemitic and said
U.N. approval crippled chances for
officials
donations
cash to at least 15 other present and
former members of Congress between
1960 and 1972.
Frederick Myers, who retired in June
after 47 years with Gulf, said he
delivered the envelopes “maybe four or
five or six times a to the Capitol
Hill offices of senators and represen
tatives.
Myers said he made 20 trips outside
Washington to make deliveries to Gulf
officials, senators, congressmen or their
campaign aides and former Kansas Gov.
William Avery.
Myers said he saw the envelopes
opened twice, in Pittsburgh and in a
small town near Nashville, Tenn. The
envelopes were filled with cash.
In Pittsburgh, Gulf protested the
“premature” disclosures of allegedly
illegal campaign contributions but said
it would not take legal action to prevent
them.
“Gulf believes it is unfortunate that
the reputations of the recipients of the
contributions may be tarnished by the
public disclosure without regard to
whether or not the recipient had
knowledge of the contribution or the
legality of the funds,” Gulf said in a
statement.
It said it “assumes” all the political
contributions mentioned in
depositions taken by the Securities and
Exchange Commission from former
company employes “refer to the use
of either the legal fund to which em
ployes contributed or the previously
disclosed illegal fund of $10.3 million.”
W 202 PATTZE
Collegian
major towns in the past 10 days.
The anti-Popular Front forces mor
tared the city’s water pipeline in
stallations Monday, reducing supplies to
a trickle yesterday.
U.N. resolution branded as anti-Semitic
Demonstrators mar Pittsburgh dinner
Kissinger stresses summit impact
By GLENDA GEPHART
Collegian Staff Writer
PITTSBURGH President Ford’s meeting in Paris
this weekend with other world leaders will be an im
portant move toward confirming allied economic
cooperation at a crucial time, Secretary of State Henry
Kissinger said last night.
Kissinger emphasized the need for the world’s in
dustrial' democracies to work together to combat
growing crises in energy, trade and monetary in
flation. He also stressed the role the United States must
play in bringing about solutions to these problems.
Kissinger was speaking to an audience of nearly 1,500
people at a dinner in his honor sponsored by the World
Affairs Council of Pittsburgh.
His appearance was marked by about 200 demon
strators outside the Hilton Hotel where he spoke. The
crowd consisted primarily of American Greeks
protesting U.S. aid to Turkey in light of the controversy
over Cyprus.
“We have reached a new stage of alliance relations,
marked by greater equality and sharing of initiative
and responsibility,” he added.
One major issue Ford will discuss this weekend will
be economic problems developing from industrial
nations’ dependence on oil, Kissinger said.
Kissinger described price-related actions by oil
producing nations as a “direct challenge to all in
dustrial democracies.”
“A central element of the price structure of our
economies was now at the mercy of other countries
whose interests were hardly identical with our own,” he
said.
PSU Senate rejects
redemption option
The University Faculty Senate
yesterday soundly defeated the proposed
academic redemption option (ARO) and
abolished the present course repeat
option.
The Senate also voted to revise the
present drop period rule and to retain
the pass-fail option.
Although amendments to the ARO
proposal, including limiting ARP to 12
credits instead of 18, were considered,
the amendments were voted down.
Rule M3-B, the course repeat option,
was abolished because, in the opinion of
many senators, the option is difficult to
administer and is discriminatory
because it favors the under-achieving
student. In some cases students have
begged professors for F’s rather than
D’s because only a failed course may be
repeated.
With the revision of the drop period
rule, a student still will be able to drop or
add a course as under the present
Women
Photo by Ira JoHa
A group of irate women is planning to rally outside Phi
Gamma Delta fraternity’s house tonight “to make women
aware that frats are unsafe places for women to go.”
Rally organizer Shelley Gottsaten (lOth-English) said
women are outraged by reports of druggings and rapes in
fraternities.
Although such rumors have been circulating around
campus, The Daily Collegian has been unable to substantiate
them, nor have any criminal charges been filed.
“We feel that nothing has been done and IFC (Inter
fratemity Council) is just pushing this thing aside,” Gottsaten
said.
IFC President James Sullivan had no comment on the rally.
However, Phi Gamma Delta President Rick Knechtel said,
“I think this is a premature action on their part. Nothing has
been proven. The case is still under investigation.”
Gottsaten said-she has heard of rapes at other fraternities
peace in the Middle East. But they said
Israel would not withdraw from the
United Nations or recall its am
bassadors from countries which voted
for the resolution.
“Nothing is in the works,” an official
said. “By leaving the U.N. or its agen
cies we would be playing into the hands
of the Arabs and helping their objective
of isolating Israel.”
An Israeli official said the “resolution
against Zionism is directed against the
Jewish people in its entirety and is a
disguise for antisemitism.”
“The general assembly...has offended
the memory of the victims of Nazism
and racism as well as freedom fighters
who gave their lives in the anti-Nazi
fight,” the official added.
One official said the assembly’s call
for the Palestine Liberation
.Organization to be invited to the Geneva
peace talks “has put tremendous ob
stacles in the way of convening the
conference.”
“This was the purpose of those who
By mikS^ust
Collegian Staff Writer
By LEON POLLOM
Collegian Staff Writer
“We must not let our economic future remain in
definitely subject to decisions made by countries which
cannot be expected to have our best interests at heart,”
Kissinger said.
He said Ford will urge the summit to commit itself to
an even more forceful line of challenging the oil
countries’ power to set prices unilaterally. The United
States also will, emphasize action toward self
sufficiency, Kissinger said.
Ford’s meeting Saturday, dubbed the “economic
summit,” will involve the government heads of Great
Britain, West Germany, France, Italy and Japan.
These leaders, Kissinger said, must cooperate to adapt
trade and monetary systems to present conditions,
stabilizing the international economy.
“A decade of upheaval impels us to make the
cooperation of the industrial democracies as dynamic
and creative a force in shaping a new world en
vironment as it was a generation ago,” he said.
“Collective approaches to our common problems have
become more and more indispensible.” *
Because of the nature of international relations today
with interdependence among nations, Kissinger pointed
out that many new problems have developed.
“In the thermo-nuclear age, there is no alternative to
coexistence ... years of exertion have distributed power
in the world and require wider participation,” he said.
Another proposal Ford will offer the’meeting will be
establishment of periodic summit meetings to evaluate
progress of member nations and to review any further
decisions needed, he said.
Kissinger said if this proposal is accepted, Secretary
of Treasury William Simon will represent the United
Ten cents per copy
Wednesday, November 12,1975
Vol. 76, No. 79 16 pages University Park, Pennsylvania
Published by Students of The Pennsylvania State University
system. But the student now will be
allowed to drop a course without
petitioning his college from the third
week of a term until the last day of the
eighth week. A.WP for passing, a WF for
failing or a WN for no grade will be
entered on the student’s academic
record.
An amendment approved yesterday
added the WN symbol for no grade
because it was felt a professor might not
have the necessary grades to measure a
student’s progress.
Entering the symbols on a student’s
transcript is useful for employers in
determining' a student’s performance
because grades for the courses would not
affect cumulative averages.
These rule changes are subject to the
revision of University President John W.
Oswald. The Faculty Senate’s pass-fail
committee has recommended that these
changes go into effect next fall.
Although the pass-fail option was
retained by a vote of 80 to 60, amend
ments to the option were proposed and
to rally at frat
but said the rally organizers are “absolutely sure” of one
occurring at Phi Gamma Delta. “As far as we know this was
the latest one,” she said.
Karen Zelin (9th-general arts and sciences) said the women
decided to hold the rally at 9 tonight because Phi Gamma
Delta is scheduled to hold a party at that time.
“The rally is to protest what’s been going on in frats and to
make women aware that frats are unsafe places for women to
go,” Zelin said.
“We want to make sure that these actions don’t go un
noticed. We don’t want these guys to think they can get away
with it,” she said.
Gottsaten said she hopes the rally will “affect IFC into
taking some action, even if it’s just token action.”
Although many of the women who will participate in the
rally are members of campus feminist groups, no group is
sponsoring the protest officially, Zelin said.
“We just decided to do this as individuals, and the
organizations are not involved,” she said.
promoted the resolution, including the
PLO itself,” he said.
From its headquarters in Geneva, the
World Council of Churches appealed to
the assembly yesterday to reconsider
and rescind the resolution. General
secretary Philip A. Potter of the WCC, a
fellowship of 271 Protestant, Orthodox
and Old Catholic churches, said in a
public statement “there is no evidence
that Zionism is overtly racist.”
.There was no official reaction from the
Vatican. But in Bonn, the Central
Committee of West German Roman
Catholics said “such a nonsensical
equating of Zionism with racism helps
anti-Semitism in an irresponsible way. It
provides the enemies of the state of
Israel with a formal legitimation to
continue a policy which aims at the
wiping out of the country.”
The Soviet Union hailed passage of the
resolution as a “major decision” said it
was achieved despite “inadmissible
pressuring ... by Zionists and in
ternational imperial elements.”
3 COPIES
will be voted on at the Faculty Senate’s
December meeting.
An amendment proposed by Senator
Charles Haas allows a student taking a
course pass-fail to change back to the
conventional grade within the 21-day
drop period.
An amendment proposed by Senator
Philip Klein called for limiting pass-fail
to 12-credits for baccalaureate degrees
and six credits for associate degrees.
Another amendment proposed by
Arthur W. Lewis, chairman of the pass
fail committee, restricts use of the op
tion to electives unless the college allows
basic degree requirements to fall under
the option.
In other action, the Senate voted to
include research members in the Senate
electorate, passing an amendment to
exclude non-continuing research em
ployes from the electorate.
The Senate also voted to include the
director of the Division of
Undergraduate Studies as an ex-officio
member of the Senate instead of an
appointed member.
“Regardless of inadmissible
pressuring of the U.N. organization by
the Zionists and the international im
perialist elements who support them, the
international community adopted this
major decision to denounce Zionism as
the ideology of imperialism and
racism,” the Soviet Tass news agency
said.
In Beirut, the vote was hailed as a new
victory for the Palestinian cause. A
spokesman for the Palestine Liberation
Organization (PLO) said the vote would
further the “just struggle of the
Palestinians.”
This is the last issue of
the Daily Collegian this
term. Publication will
resume Dec. 4.
Summit goals should concentrate on general
economic recovery during 1976, Kissinger said.
“We should seek to restore vigorous, sustained ex
pansion and high employment by 1977. We should aim to
reduce inflation in our economy as well as disparities
in our national inflation rate. And <we should seek to
restore vigorous growth in world trade as our domestic
recovery proceeds,” he said.
Kissinger pointed to the 11 per cent increase in the
American national product in the third quarter of this
year as indicating the United States already is on the
road to economic recovery.
“Other nations while our efforts cannot substitute
for theirs we will feel their recovery reinforced by
ours,” he said. “We will not now fail the tradition which
has made us a beacon of hope to millions around the
world.”
Kissinger said economic recovery by industrial
democracies is essential to the realm of international
financing and trade. The crisis also touches on the
whole idea of democracy, as well, Kissinger said.
“We must infuse our actions with an overriding sense
of our common heritage and common future.
“This worldwide crisis to the democratic process is
the deepest challenge before the leaders at the
economic summit. They meet to give their peoples the
sense that they are masters of their destiny, that they
are not subject to blind forces beyond their control.
“I am confident that this test will be met. The in
dustrial democracies will demonstrate that the greatest
force in the world today is the voluntary association of
free peoples.”
Reminder