Rockefeller swoin in
dadv
the Collegian
Sugar
for fixing prices
SAN FRANCISCO (UPI) A
federal grand jury charged six sugar
refining companies yesterdi y with
illegal price fixing in 23 status.
The grand jury, which hi s been
investigating sugar pricing for 14
months and has heard more than 100
witnesses, returned two criminal
indictments and three civil antitrust
suits. -
The charges dealt with sugar
pricing prior to 1973 but the U.S.
Attorney's office said current pricing
practices of the companies ate under
investigation.
California Hawaiian Sugar Co.,
Holly Sugar Corp. and ConJ)lidated
Foods Corp. were charged in one
indictment and' one suit with con
spiring to fix prices in the California-
Arizona market which includes both
states and Las Vegas and Reho, Nev.
The other indictment and I ntitrust
suit charged Holly and California &
Hawaiian along with Amaltamated
Sugar, American Crystal Stlgar and
Great Western Sugar with cchspiring
to engage in price fixing in the
Cover-up prosecutor sums-up
WASHINGTON (UPl)—Chief trial prosecutor James F.
Neal charged yesterday Richal'd M. Nixon helped stop the
Watergate investigation for tWo crucihl weeks during the
summer of 1972 in "one of tti l e saddest chapters" of the
nation's history.
Delivering his summation at I he Watergate cover-up trial,
Neal shouted, gestured and u nded the lectern as he
recounted the allegations again five of Nixon's former aides.
But his voice dropped almost to a whisper as he spoke of the
former president.
Neal said the conversation biitween Nixon and his chief of
staff, H. R. Haldeman, on Juni. 23, 1972 (six days after the
break-in at the Democratic National committee) was "one of
the saddest chapters in the long; and glorious history of the
United States."
"Ip the sanctity of the White House," Neal said, Nixon and
Haldeman. now a defendant, discussed how the FBI was "not
under control" because it hail uncovered evidence - about
5114,000 used to finance the buj;ging.
Reading from the transcript '3f a White House tape, Neal
said the conversation included the suggestion that the CIA be
used to tell the FBI to "stay the hell out of this."
"Can you imagine!" Neal shbuted. i.
Haldeman, showing no emotioli, sat 10 feet away, writing on
a pad.
Neal said that later on June 23, Haldeman and: John D.
Ehrlichman, then Nikon's No. i! White House aide and now
another defendant, iolight to gi't the CIA to stop the FBl's
investigation of four Mexican checks totaling $89,000.
Lt. Gen. Vernon A. Walters, ileputy CIA director, relayed
his conversation with Haldeman and Ehrlichman to acting
FBI director L. Patrick Gray.
"As a result of Mr. Haldeman's, Mr. Ehrlichman's and Mr.
Nixon's direction, the FBI invest igation was thwarted for two
weeks," Neal said: "It was thiiarted, stopped, killed in its
tracks for two weeks. And that's the obstruction of justice."
The prosecutor's summation '.vas to continue today.
Speaking rapidly in his Tennegiee drawl, Neal said the facts
in the case are complex, but concealment of high-level in
volvement in Watergate was "plain old ordinary garden
variety right or wrong,"
And he accused another defendant, former Attorney
General John N. Mitchell, of having discussed $1 million plans
for call girls, kidnaiaing and ifiretapping with re-election
finance counsel G. Gordon f 1 ddy, later convicted as a
Watergate mastermind.
"It has been said that the pursuit of justice 'is mankind's
most noblest effort on earth," real said. "Something to this
effect is inscribed at the Departinent of Justice, down at 10th
and Pennsylvania.
"Sadly'enough, this is where MA once but twice Mitchell had
his conferences with Liddy.
CHIEF JUSTICE WARREN BURGER administers the oath of office to Nelson A
Rockefeller, new Vice President.
cited
firms
Midwest. That market includes
Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, lowa,
Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri,
Montpna, Nebraska, New Mexico,
North Dakota, Oklahoma, South
Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin and part of
Wyoming.
The civil suit with this indictment
also named the National Sugar Beet
Growers Federation of Greeley,
Colo., as a defendant.
The third area involved was the
intermountain northwest market
including Idaho, Oregon, Utah,
Washington and part of VI/riming. joi
this area no indictment wassreturned
but a civil suit was filed against
California & Hawaiian and the Utah-
Idaho Sugar.
These two companies and unnamed
co-conspirators. were charged with
agreeing to prevent and suppress the
sale of private label sugar.
The civil suits sought injunctions
against the alleged illegal practices.
In the criminal cases the possible
penalties were $50,000 fines per
company per offense.
Pa. students fear aid halt
Some 8,500 Pennsylvani?a college
students will be hoping for more than
mere Christmas gifts this holiday if they
are to continue their education.
These students plus about 9,400 whose
state grants have been held balk for
several months are victims of the
present economic squeeze.
According to Ronald Taylor, public
relations dil•ector for the Pennsylvania
Higher Education Assistance Agen
cy(PHEAA), the 8,500 students who
applied for PHEAA grants after the
August 1 deadline will not receive any
aid.
Taylor attributed this lack of fUnds to
the economic pinch dealt to middle -and
lower-middle-income families, causing
an increase in they number of ap
plications for PHEAA funds.
As of this writing, there is a bill on
Gov. Shapp's desk that would alloCate an
additional $6.2 million to accomodate
those 9,500 students whose grants have
been held back. 1
vi i
Although it is expected Shapp :11 sign
the bill, some legislators ,and HEAA
officials are skeptical whether e full
$6.2 million will be allocated.
"We passed the- bill with t
"Justice and its•pursuit is an elusive goal," Neal said
obstruction of justice is always serious and it is even
serious when it is carried on or participated in by the very
people who are sworn into high offices to enforce the lam
"Just such things on a massive scale by the highest of
of this land is what this case is all about," Neal said.
Neal worked his way chronologically through the p 1
that led up to the break-in at the Democratic offices
Watergate complex June 17, 1972; the attempts to c
involvement by using the CIA to obstruct an FBI invest
of the Watergate funding; of""veiled, camouflaged" of
clemency; and of nearly $500,000 paid to the seven Wa
burglars
"One million dollars or one trillion dollars paid for
support or attorneys fees or income replacement or ba
an offense," Neal said. "It is fine if it is motivated p
charitable or humanitarian purposes and nothing els;
"But one red cent paid to keep someone from talki'
divulging information to the proper authorities, wheth
red cent for attorneys fees or a haircut, that is obstru
justice."
Judge John J. Sirica said he hoped to comple
arguments Monday, recess the trial over Christmas D
Christmas Day, and charge the jury of nihe women an
men yesterday.
The five defendants-former Attorney General Ji
Mitchell; former White House chief of staff H. R. Halt
forma White House domestic affairs chief John D.
man; 'Mardian and re-election lawyer Kenneth W.
son—are charged with conspiracy.
They all testified in their own defense and summ
other witnesses.
Parkinson, the final defendant to testify, ackno
under cross-examination yesterday that he di•
shredding notes of a so-called "confession" conversati
a campaign official.
Parkinson testified previously that Jeb Stuart Ma
then deputy campaign director, told him on July 13, 1'
"we're all involved." Parkinson also had testi
destroyed the notes that Labor Day.
"What was the occasion of your carrying your no
your office to 'CREEP' the Committee to Re-el
President?" Assistant Watergate Prosecutor Jill Win •
asked.
"I don't recall," Parkinson replied.
Volner asked whether Parkinson had discuss',
shredding of his notes with anyone.
"I did," Parkinson replied. "I mentioned the fact
Laßue contemporaneous to the shredding of the
Laßue, the first person to plead guilty in the Watergat i
up, was a special assistant at the re-election commit :,
time.
AP wlrephato
University Park, Pennsylvania
Published by Students of The Pennsylvania State University
Ten cents per copy
By JIM KUHNHENN
Collegian Staff Writer
Rockefeller assumes
41st vice presidency
WASHINGTON (UPl)—Nelson A.
Rockefeller was sworn in as the nation's
41st vice president in a stately Senate
ceremony last night and pledged to work
with President Ford to "meet the grave
new problems" that face the nation.
"There is nothing wrong with America
that Americans cannot right,"
Rockefeller said minutes after taking
the oath of office from Chief Justice
Warren Burger at,10:13 p.m. EST in a
nationally televised ceremony.
With Ford looking on, Rockefeller, 66,
the richest American ever to hold public
office, was sworn fitjust two hours after
the House confirmed his nominationlv
vote of 28'-128.
His confration ended four months of
sometime bitter debate on the fitness of
so wealthy a man to serve in so high an
office. And it gave the nation, for the
first time in its history, both a president
and a vice president chosen by Congress
rather than by a vote of the people.
As Rockefeller took the oath with his
hand on his grandmother's Bible, his
wife Happy, pale but smiling, watched
from the gallery with, their two sons,
Friday, December 20, 1974
Vol 75, No. 91 10 pages
pectation i it would be signed," said Sen.
Joseph Ammerman, D-Clearfield, ad
ding it i s possible the amount might be
reduced.
John Brugel, director of financial aid
at the University said he could not
provide a breakdown of how many
students' applied for PHEAA grants
from Penn State, but he said 16,000
students received PHEAA aid last year.
Taylor explained that a • school-by
school breakdown is not made until the
funds are distributed.
The Financial Aid Office said those
Boston school
desegregation
BOSTON (UPI) The U.S. Circuit
Court of Appeals yesterday upheld a
federal court ruling ordering Boston to
desegregate its schools. Hours earlier.
the federal government ordered nearly
$2 million in school funds held up
because the city's school committee
voted not to approve a new desegregation
plan.
The district court, according to a 36-
page opinion written by Chief Judge
Frank M. Coffin, said that "in light of the
ample factual precedents in the
Supreme Court we do not see how the
court could arrive at any other con
clusion.','
Regarding violence and other dif
ficulties as a result of the plan to
desegregate the schools by court-ordered
busing, Coffin said, "We cannot fail to be
aware of the unrest that attends any
moment when change in old approaches
is at last mandated :by court deciee.
"But while Boston is unique in some of
its traditions,. demographic profile and
style, its uniqueness cannot exempt it
from complying with a natioral policy
forged long ago and laboriously im
plemented throughout the land."
Earlier yesterday, the U.S. Depart
ment of (Health, Education and Welfare
stopped the release of $1.9 million in
school funds for Boston because the
:nning
in the
i onceal
gation
fers of
ergate
family
1 is not
ely by
g and
r it's a -
tion of
30 held in
hn N.
eman.
hrlich
• arkin-
RICHFIELD, Minn. (AP)—Four
gunmen, who said they were paying
back white America for what it did to the
Indians, robbed a supermarket last
night and held .at. least 30 persons
hostage.
In a telephone conversation with an
Associated Press reporter, one gunman
claimed to be an Indian and threatened
to harm the hostages unless they were
given a getaway car. But another
gunmari said, "We just did it for the
money."
The men were negotiating with police
through a closed door.
The gunmen were trapped in the
suburban Minneapolis supermarket
when police surrounded the building.
Police said they had apprehended a fifth
gunman and a sixth man who may have
been the driver of a getaway car.
A carryout boy who was allowed to
leave the store said there were about 100
to 150 customers still inside the building,
but the gunmen said there were only
about 30.
ned 50
:ruder,
'2, that
ed he
from
t the
Volner
o Fred
otes."
cover
• at the
BIOPIC
V 20Z PATTE
Nelson Jr., 10 and Mark, -7.
"I pledge to the fullest limit of my
capabilities to work with you, Mr.
President, to meet the grave new
problems we confropt as a nation and a
people," Rockefeller said.
At the end, Rockefeller raised his
arms in a victory salute and blew kisses
to-, Happy in the gallery across the
chamber.
Then he mounted the podium to about 2-1 in the voting.
preside over the Senate for the first time The problem of the Rockefeller wealth
and said with tentative firmness "The is "congenital and unsolvable", Rep.
Senate is now in order." George Danielson, D-Calif., said during
Nearly 200 members of the House,
including some of the liberal Democrats
most opposed to Rockefeller, lined the
back of the Senate for the ceremony.
Burger's hands shook as he ad
ministered the oath, but ,Rockefeller's
voice was firm as he completed his oath
to "support and defend the Constitution'
of- :the United States against all its
enemies foreign and domestic" and to
faithfully execute his duties.
Ford, who himself went through the
same confirmation process just over a
year ago, said he looked forward with
"pride and anticipation" to working with
Rockefeller. "All Americans. ill benefit
from the distinguished and devoted
public service of the new vice
president," he said in a statement issued
after the House took its confirming vote.
Ford was appointed vice president by
former President Richard M. Nixon
when Spiro T. _Agnew resigned in
diSgrace in August, 1973. Rockefeller in
turn was nominated last August when
Ford was eleVated to the White House
after the Watergate scandal forced
Nixon's resignation.
Ford has indicated his new vice
president will play a major role in the
administration's domestic •prograin.
Penn State students denied PHEAA aid
may apply for National Direct Student
Loan.
The College Work-Study Program, Philadelphia Inquirer, PHEAA Execu
another way of receiving financial aid, tive Director Kenneth Reeher said that
has already used up this year's funds, so in the past, PHEAA had enough money
they can not' expand the program. to give late aplicants a grant for at least
This leaves students with few areas to the spring semester but the increase
turn to in search of monetary help. in applications had caused the money
According to Taylor,' veterans— and' ttYrun out.
dependent students with disabled sup- The agency also said an estimated
porters may apply regardless of the $70.6 million was paid to about 104,00
deadline. However, this puts pressure on students before the funds were depleted
students whose parent(s) were laid off in the fall.
school committee voted 3-2 not to ap
prove a citywide desegregation plan for
next fall.
Frank Bucci, regional HEW in
formation officer, said "the money is
being withheld pending clarification of '
certain legal issues."
He said the money had been ordered
released on the assumption the school
committee would approve a
desegregation plan complying with the
U.S. District Court order.
But the school committee voted 3 to 2
Wednesday not to approve the city-wide
desegregation plan which called for
busing 31,000 students. The present plan
involves busing of some 18,000 students.
The money would have been
authorized for programs in teacher
training, guidance counseling and bi
lingual education. Bucci said only last
week HEW Secretary Casper W.
Weingberger had approved a waiver to'
allow immediate release of the money.
Asked why the money was being held
up Bucci said "We've got the same,
questions t Judge W. Arthur - Garrity . ,_
does."
-The committee's action prompted
Geriity to call all five members into
Court on Wednesday. At that time he
turned down an NAACP motion asking
that the three members voting against
Minnesota store
The two men who spoke with the
reporter on the telephone identified
themselves as Bill, 17, and Brian, 16.
They called a third man Darrell and said
he was 28. There was no word on the
fourth man, but police said there was
still a fourth man inside the store.
Brian said he and the others were
armed with a sawed-off shotgun, a .45-
caliber pisfol and a .38-caliber snub-,
nosed "spe*ial."
Brian said the hostages, numbering
about 30, were lying on the floor.
"We told!them not to be scared, but,
when the time comes, we may have to,
blow sotne of them," Brian added.
Police said they had exchanged
gunfire with the men. 1 °
Police sharpshooters were stationed
on the store roof and on the roofs of
buildings across the street.
In the telephone call, Brian tail
Darrell had suffered a gunshot wound on
the arm.
3 COP/SS
One of the men said the seige would
U.S. POSTAGE
STATE COLLAGE
PA. 16801
PERMIT 140.10
Most of the opposition to Rockefeller in
the House came from liberals who said
his wealth posed a conflict of interest
and conservatives who philosophically
disagreed with the former New York
governor's liberalism.
When the same House voted on Ford
last year he was approved 387-35 with
only token Democratic opposition.
Rockefeller won confirmation, by only
yesterday's six-hour House debate. "It
represents the greatest conflict of in
terest in the United States."
But not all the liberals opposed
Rockefeller. One of his strongest
defenders was Rep: Shirley Chisholm, D-
N.Y.
"Charges have been ,made over the
last several weeks about abuses of his
wealth—yet none have been proven,"
she. said in an emotion-charged speech
closing the House debate. "Charges
have been made relative to his alleged
insensitivity to human needs. 7 yet his
record as governor on' balance was a
veritable demonstration of progressiv-
Following the swearing-in ceremony,
Rockefeller was hosted at a reception by
Senate Republican leader Hugh Scott, an
old friend-and long time supporter.
Rockefeller was surrounded at the
reception by men who preceded and
succeeded him as governor of New
York—for Gov. Averell Harriman, Gov.
Malcolm Wilson and governor-elect
Hugh Carey.
Before the Senate ceremony
Rockefeller met Ford at the White House
fora private party, and motored to the
Capitol with the President.
after the August 1 PHEAA aid ap
plication deadline.
According to yesterday's issue of The
funds cut;
upheld
the plan—Committee Chairman John J.
Kerrigan, and members John J.
McDonough and Paul Ellison—be cited
for criminal court contempt.
Garrity set next Friday as the date for
a hearing. on possible civil contempt
violations and indicated he was con
cerned about how the three members
would vote on future school
desegregation matters.
Rep. Raymond L. Flynn; D-Boston, an
outspoken critic of busing, yesterday
petitioned Garrity to declare a mistrial
in the school desegregation case.
"once again the parents and school
children of Boston have been left without
competent legal counsel, and this case
has been passed from •hand-to-hand
through a succession of attorneys and I
feel the ends of justice have not been
met," Flynn said.
Four South Boston high schools have
been closed since Dec. °ll after a white
student was stabbed and Street clashes
erupted between police and white
demonstrators.
Weather.
Increasing cloudin4s this afternoon,
high 36 with snow developing tonight.
Low 31. Storm endingi late tomorrow,
high 34. Colder and windy Sunday. High
31. '
last "as long as it takes."
"The gunmen who identified himself as
Bill said: "We're just trying to pay back
the white people for what they did to us
in the younger days of old America."
However, Brian said the holdup was
staged just for the money.
Bill said: "We're alllpoor people, you
know. We're just asking back what you
people stole from us."l s
ThEOgunmen enteredlthe supermarket
at 7:40 p.m. and demanded money.
"Our intentions are tq get out of here,"
Brian said. "We're
I. olding out now
because there are too any cops around
here. We told the copsl we'd blow away
some of these people if, they didn't clear
out. We want a car, add for the cops to
back off so we can get !ahead start and
get out of here."
The frightened carryout boy, 16-year
old Bradley Collins, said the gunmen
found him hiding in they rear of the store
and ordered him out of the store to tell
police to leave the area.