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VOL. 65, No. 59
niversity
High Costs
Under Fire
By TIM SHAFFER,
The University's $525-a-year tuition charge, the
highest of any of the Si land grant colleges and uni
versities in the country, has come under fire from state The Free Speech Move-
Rep. James L. Gallagher (D.-Bucks), chairman of the ment at the University of
House Higher Education Comniittee. California at Berkeley was
Gallagher said lie intends "to hold public ,hearings, supported last night by the
throughout the Commonwealth' Rev. Martin Luther King,,
to find ways to reduce college' Jr.
costs." and, "... to remedy the;
scandalous situation." I The civil rights leader, in
answer to a question at the
The national average tuition
and fee charges for 1963-1964. end of his speech in Rccrea
were approximately 5290, for in- i , tion Building, said he believed)
dividuals attending a land grant' 'the motives of the FSM are ) ,
institution in their own state. I 1, W. ABEL i "based on a very sound pro-,
Penn State ranked first in the
nation with its $525 per-year; ' • , vision and a very sound prin-'
charge—almost double the na- ,ciple in our constitution." '
,
tional average. e Gains "I believe as firmly in the
Rutgers and Cornell Liniversi-, first as well as the 14th amend- 1
lies were the second and third I
highest, respectively, with year-;
n Steel that "the true education is intent," King declared, adding
costs of about $5OO.
i
At Bottom ,education objective enough to
The universities of Puerto Rico: ' listen to ail views and sub-'
and Connecticut ranked at the, Ilion Fi g ht,jective enough to commit it-'
bottom with yearly assesment.l self to one of them."
of only about 5165. I
Must be Reality
In respect to tuition costs at PITTSBURGH tin —By aid
"Freedom of speech must be
land grant institutions of higher accounts, David J. McDonald'
if we are to be true,
learning for non-resident stu-;has a tough job on his hands realit Y
basic principle in!
dents, the University was also , to keep control of the " t/ a ver y
trying our constitution." he said.
the most expensive during the Steelworkers Union.
academic 3' ea r 19634964 . it l It is becoming clear that a Answering other questions,
charged out of state students' sizable number of rank-and- King said that he expects the;
$1,050. ' file members, as well as high- end to legal segregation in the'
United States within five,
This is again far above the echelon United Steelworkers
but that it will take;
H--- -,:. national average of 5660. , officials, are supporting Secre- Y ears '
"We cannot coexist The Of Wisconsin' t • much longer to "change the
p eace f u ll y 1 universities . • my-Treasurer I. W. Abel in hearts of , „
mcn.
with ' ••• '
in..elialism, oat anti new and[ New Hampshire followed at his bid to unseat McDonald as
Sl,OOO and 5950 cacti. ipresident. 1 -If current progress in civil
colonialism, and this has been
The least expensive school for l But the white-haired union ,rights rights continues, King said he
reflected by President Sukar-i "is absolutely convinced the'
non-resident students was again chief says he's confident of
no's decision to withdraw In
;the University of Puerto Rico victory in what is shaping up Negroes in the South wilt stir-,
donesia from the United Na-
at $l5O. The University of Hawaii as the first serious challenge pass the Negroes in the North
lions." said Subandrio in an cx- was the next most inexpensive to his 1 9 -year rule. McDonald, in gaining civil liberties."
act parroting of the Chinese with , l
line, which runq head on into the an annual tuition $230 " ' was opposed only once before.t "The Negro in the South
Of the 78 colleges and univer- in 1958, and won easily over can seepockets of progress.
firm Soviet policy of coexisting
cities in Pennsylvania, however.' Donald Rarick, Pittsburgh dis- The Negro in the North can,
even with the forces of capital- -
• there were only 14 schools which trict mill worker..see only retrogression," he`
ism. It was no coincidence that
the text of the message „-as chat,
had tuition fees and charges lessj Even Split said. I
than Penn State during 1963-1964., The million-member union
r:ed by the New China News King also supported bussing
, All of them were the Common- seems split just about down
Agency. of school children to different
of sr;:mith's state colleges. {the middle. It's generally be neighborhoods the Poking view . neighborhoods to guarantee
- Indiana State College, which lieved the voting will' •
the United Nations, he said:Feb.• integration, as has been the
I has been mentioned as possibly, be extremely close
33: practice in New York City. It
"All facts have shown to the becoming another state univer-; 1 About half of the' union's would be detrimental to chit-
world that the present United
silt', a somewhat lowermembc. , r executiveboard,
Nations is not -a -world body tuition"•. has_l ... ,
.made' , dren!s minds to be educated in,
rate and ranked as thefup of international offt
cers anaki segregated atmosphere, he'
which can serve the interests of
seventh least expensive, district directors, has turned sa id .
• 1 Temple Rates I against McDon a 1 d. They've "The educational process is
N i Temple University, which also come out solidly for Abel.
the best place to give children
would like to become a state in-, "I can't understand it. It's
world," he said.
• , stitution, charges 5980 lor one; Perfectly amazing that men, a vi e w o f the w
year's instruction. It ranks aboutlwould praise me to the sky in'King also criticized the ma
midway between the least an& September and criticize me a' inritY of Southern newspapers
most expensive higher education few months later." as "narrow-minded" and said
institutions in the.,state. 1 M c D ona ld sa id some of t h ose ; that his Southern Christian:
Swarthmore College was the now against him actually spoke Leadership Conference will'
'most expensive college in the of him in terms of "love" no t_continue its work on voterl
state at 51,700, and the Univer-; too many months ago. registration in Alabama dur
sity of Pennsylvania was a close; Recently, the board voted ing the coming month, "with
second at 81,650. 'down a McDonald proposa l Selma as a focal point."
Part of the University's high that an independent agency: On segregation, King said,
tuition problem is created by, be hired to supervise the elec-I"the old eye-for-an-eye policy
1"... the low percentage of funds;tion. McDonald frankly ad- ,seems to always leave some-',
derived from the state and th e imitted the proposal was beaten body blind."
',high dependance on tuition re-',down by pro-Abel board mern-I
i RadiateNon-Prejudice
)
)suits in a dilemma for the Uni-I hers, thus giving a rather clear! “
;versity," according to the Uni-;indication that Abel has suf-I I think every person can!
versity's annual report of 1963-Ificient strength to carry t h e start in his own life to remove
1964, which was rele a s e d'board, these prejudices and this will:
'Wednesday. 1 I rar 't to to others.
I The report notes "that for; age students today have
4 •
Al Ider Weather ce In a news conference pre
levery dollar derived from the I
eoi ding 4 the address, King said'
state appropriation, the Univer-• r
sity obtains more than two dol.' cxpected Today their "courage.
, made an "amazing commit-j
'''•- f----A other sources. with the ment"
and action" tot civilrights)
he
largest increment contributed byi Milder weather is expected ',`
movement.
tt Gents and their parents in the' during the next several days,;
form of tuition." and a period of rain is expected! "The student generation may:
In conjunction with the prob- over the weekend. well play the most significant':
'em of insufficient state funds. 'role in bringing about a socio- 1
I
' figures taken from President ' logical change," the noted
'Eric A. Walker's address to the ' integrationist added.
'University faculty Wednesday, King, the most recent re-'
'revealed that the President in- cipient of the Nobel Peace!
',tends.to ask the state legislature Prize, called the honor "a'
[for at least an increase of $3 dream that became a reality,"l
(million to take care of the Uni- I He praised the Norwegians
versity's rising enrollment and for their "hospitality, warmth
expanding research programs. ,and genuine sympathy" to the
Last year the University pe-, cause he represents during his
titioned the state government for' , recent visit there to receive
830.3 million but received 825.2. the award.
Indonesia
To Follow
Red China
TOKYO (AP) Like a lost
interplanetary rocket locking
onto a distant star, Indonesia
has now' turned to Peking and
away from Washington and
Moscow following its blast-off
from the United Nations.
President Sukarno had seemed
to wobble and waver after
choosing his new course away
" the international organiza
tion.
...ay doubt about this was dis
,:elled by two messages to the
fourth plenary session of the
Mr•: - orrient
Tuesday from Foreign Minister
SUKARNO
the new etne-o:in , , forms in set
tling international problems. On
the contrary, it is a body that
has done mu:•tl rn-
the interests of imperialism, old
and new colonialism."
Mrs. Sukarno, in a rare speech
as honorary chairman of the
Indonesia-China Friendship As
sociation. was more explicit.
"We should not be afraid of
imperialism," she said. "We
must march forward. Let us
stand together with our Chinese
comrades-in-arms to carry on
our common struggle and be
ready to face and take up any
challenge in 1965."
me Participates in Chess Tournament
U.S. Tea► Takes Olympiad Sixth Place
By JOYCE McKEEVER
The stronger the competition, the better Donald Byrne
likes it
Penn State's internationally rated chess player, assist
ant professor of English and coach of the varsity chess
team, competed with the world's top chess players late
last fall in the International Chess Olympiad in Tel Aviv,
Israel.
One team he was particularly anxious to meet across
the chess board was the Soviet. Byrne rated them as having
the best chess players in the world. And, as he admitted,
he plays better chess with a better opposition.
When the U.S. team met with the Soviets in the final
round of the Olympiad, however, Byrne was disappointed
to find U.S. Captain Kahsdan had not" scheduled him for
a match.
Ominously, the U.S. team in the ninth round lost, to
the Russians 4-0, and from then on it was a downward
spin until the United States ended in sixth place, the lowest
tally since 1930.
Byrne likes to compare Tel Aviv, and the 1964 Olympiad
to Bulgaria and the 1962 Olympiad. In Tel Aviv all the
players were able to stay in the new-Sheraton Hotel where
they also played their games. Novembgr in 'grael is
squeezed between the hot season, and stormy, weather.
The 1962 Olympiad took place on a resort area on the
Black Sea known as "The Red Riviera." The hotel rooms
were scattered and not well-constructed. Opening a closet,
Byrne found certain dangers in living in hotels on the
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Downward Spin
,grega:7 ion Declining
Today should he partly cloudy,
windy and milder with a high
temperature of 40 degrees.
It will becoming cloudy late to
day and overcast skies and mild
temperatures are seen for to
night. The low will be about 32.
Tomorrow should be overcast
with rain beginning around mid
day and continuing into Sunday.
A high of 40 is expected tomor
row and readings in the middle
40's are seen for Sunday.
"Riviera." The doorknob came off in his hand and the
whole closet started to fall on top of him.
At this world tournament, Byrne was a member of a
chess brother act. Robert Byrne, two years older than his
brother, is also rated as one of the leading American chess
players.
Through most of their chess careers, however, Byrne
and his brother have not played in competition. For a total
of 11 years they were absent from tournament play; Byrne
for six years from 1958-1963 and his brother for five.
As the situation stands now, neither Byrne nor his
brother will play in the 1966 Olympiad. The only bid offered
to the World Chess Federation was by Cuba, in order to
attract European players, has offered to pay traveling ex
penses. No U.S. citizen is allowed to enter Cuba, without
having his passport lifted on return. "However, there is a
chance that Russia, who's footing most of the bill will back
out," the chessman theorized.
Byrne learned to play chess from his brother. He entered
national competition at the Manhattan Chess Club when he
was 14. Before he was graduated from high school, Byrne
placed fourth in the OH U.S: Open and by that , time was
considered a chess master.
Commenting on the game, Byrne said he always tries
to complicate the play with as many combinations as pos
sible. "But that's all a matter of preference. My brother,
on the other hand, likes simple and Clear moves," he•added.
Kahsdan, captain of the team, said Byrne's taetics had
presented one of the longest series of combinations he had
ever seen.
UNIVERSITY PARK, PA., FRIDAY MORNING, JANUARY 22, 1965
King Lauds
Berkeley
Movement
FOR A BETTER PENN STATE
King Lecture
Forum Slated
A discussion of last night's
:speech by the Rev. Martin
Luther King, Jr. will be lead by i
!Ruth C. Silva, professor of polit
ical science, at 7:30 p.m. today !
to Warnock lounge.
This program is the first of
a series planned this year by•
the North Halls Cultural and Re
ligious Affairs Committee.
The group discussion is open to
all University students who wish'
.an opportunity to discuss King's
speech.
Also participating in the pro
gram will be Father Brian Egan
'and Rev. Alan Cleeton, North
Halls religious advisors: and
Gordon Anderson and Carol
iKuhre, residence hall religious
affairs associates. Alildred Wil
son. women's coordinator and
Edward linder, men's coordi
nator will also assist in the pro
gram.
Soviets Say
Thant Leans
Toward U.S.
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y.
UP/ The Soviet Union has
accused Secretary-General U
Thant of taking the side of
the United States in the dis
pute over depriving debtor na
tions of their vote in the U.N.
General Assembly.
Nikolai T. Fedorenko, th e
chief Soviet U.N. delegate, sent
a letter to Thant protesting a
report he issued last Monday
which said the Soviet Union
and 15 other nations were two
years in arrears on U.N. as
sessments, mainly for peace
, keeping operations,
Since tonday two nations
—Haiti and Bolivia—have paid
enough to get off the arrears
list.
The United States contends
that the Soviet Union, France
and other debtor nations come
under Article 19 of the U.N.
charter, which says members
,two years in arrears shall lose
their assembly vote.
The Russians and French
contend the peacekeeping as
sessments are illegal because
they were set by the assembly
instead of the Security Coun
cil.
Because of favorable hotel conditions in Tel Aviv,
the chess master noted it was easy to become acquainted
with competitors from other countries. The Russians im
pressed him as being "very polite, and quite friendly."
In fact, one evening Byrne and a teammate toured
Tel Aviv with two members of the Soviet team, Boris Spasski,
and Leonid Stein.
"So far as American players are concerned, the com
petition with Russia is great, but to the Russians our games
are not so significant," Byrne reported.
The: Soviet's three competitors, Yugoslavia, Argentina,
and the U.S. combined are constantly anxious to pull an
upset on the team that has taken first place in the
Olympiads, since 1952 and did it again this year with
Yugoslavia in second.
The varsity coach's plus score against the Russians,
a feat never achieved by any other U.S. player, caused him
to be dubbed by one colleague, "The Red Killer." Byrne
laughed at the title, remarking his plus score was only a
win of one match.
All of his matches with the Soviets were won against
stiff competition from Soviet and World Champions.
Another tournament with Russia is a concern for Byrne
since the chessman would like a chance to add a few more
pluses to the win column.
In the past, however, talk with Russia about another
match (the last was in 1955) have always been complicated
by Russian official bureaucracy that makes it difficult to
schedule matches.
THE REV. DR. Martin Luther King Jr. answers questions
at press conference prior to speaking to a crowd of 9,000
in Recreation Hall last night. In the lower picture is King
as he arrived at University Park airport early last eve
ning. With King is Raymond H. Brown, associate pro
fessor of music, husband of Nina Brown, administrative
assistant in charge of Artist and Lecture Series.
McComb Hears Talk
Of Library Computers
A projeCt at Columbia, Tiar
yard, and Yale Medical Libraries
for the computerization of book
catalogues, was discussed at a
meeting attended by Ralph W.
McComb, University librarian,
in New Haven, Conn.
McComb was acompanied by
Fred Bryant, medical school li
brarian at the University's med
leal center in Hershey.
The catalog computerization
project involves both the gather
ing of information and the mech
anization of library .processes,
The procedures being developed
allow printing or library cards
from information on punched
Icards to be stored in a computer.
Not Significant
Negro Rights Grow,
But Struggle Continues
By CAROL POSTHUMUS and MEL ZIEGLER
The Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. declared last night
that "segregation is ,on its death bed today," and the
only question remaining is "how costly the segregation
ists will make the funerals."
King told an estimated crowd of 9,000, which over
crowded the newly expanded Recreation Building, that
"we have come a long, long way in the struggle for
racial justice, but we have a long, long way to go before
the problem is solved."
The 1964 Nobel Peace Prize winner credited both
the Negro and the federal government with achieving
the level civil rights has at-'
tained today.
Ha cited the Negro's progress'
in "re-evaluating his own intrin
sic worth" and the federal gov
ernment's accomplishment "in
extending frontiers of civil
rights" through judicial de
cisions and the 1964 Civil Rights
According to McComb, cata
logues of medical libraries in
volved would be put on magnetic
tape, and these tapes would be
made available to all , partici
pating libraries.
Sponsors of the project feel,
that computerized catalogues
will be the next major step to-, 1
ward increased speed and com-'
pleteness of library services,
When asked whether Pattee
was going to follow up on this,
project, McComb said, "For a
University library to do this,
would be a long-term project and '
would require the cooperation of,
many libraries throughout thei
country." He stated no definite
plans.
"The Red Killer", such as his status is, now has no
definite plans for future matches. This year's U.S. Open
will conflict with his English composition and literature
courses next summer.
But he isn't worried about loosing his rating. He can
always get that back again, as he did in 1963 in the
Argentine tournament.
Does Byrne fit into the category of infallible chessmen?
Not exactly.
His one big claim to fame was when 13-year-old Bobby
Fisher "chopped him to pieces" in the U.S. Invitational
Championship.
'Ever since this outstanding chess game, Fisher has not
been stopped and is now rated one of the most brilliant
players ever seen
After the 1956 "surprise" Byrne was not able to beat
the Whiz kid, but drew one game.
Mostly, Byrne regards U.S. chess as in a rather de
pressed state. "The position of the game is insignificant,
and talented players have to be fantastically brilliant, like
Fisher, to make a living as a professional."
As a chess master, Byrne fits none of the stereotyped
views of a chess expert. He exhibits none of Fisher's
eccentrism rather like his own deception of the Russians—
"very polite, quite friendly"—he has no long' ageless beard,
smokes cigarettes instead of a pipe. In his living room there
is not a chess set to be seen.
Which all might prove it's not what's put on the board,
but what you carry in your head that counts.
Facing 'the Issues
--See Page 2
"If I ended now 1 would leave
you the victims of a dangerous
optimism," the noted civil rights
leader contended. "If democracy
is to live, segregation must die."
Currently engaged in a cam
paign to register Negro voters
in Selma, Alabama, King pro
posed the establishment of fed
eral voting registrars as a solu
tion to the widespread problem.
King said he would divest local
authorities of their jurisdiction
,over voter registration and estab
lish a federally-operated proce
dure in its place in each county.
This, he added, would insure to
all those qualified their voting
rights.
Post Offices
As an alternative, King sug
gested that local post offices
act as voter registration centers
operated year-around by the fed
eral government. He called on
President Lyndon B. Johnson to
explore this possibility.
Time Magazine's 1963 Man of
the Year outlined voter registra
tion, housing and job discrim
ination economic in equality as
the major obstacles remaining
!for civil rights leaders to tackle.
Between discrimination an d
automation, King said, Negroes
today have become "a segment
of the society who feel they have
not stake in it."
The solemn-faced champion of
Civil Rights called for massive
federal-sponsored retraining and
public works programs to alle
viate the Negro's substandard
conditions.
Non-Violent
King, who is acclaimed for
his non-violent approach to the
civil rights problem, warned
"destructive means cannot bring
about constructive ends."
In an indictment of actions by
extreme segregationists King
!cited their alteration of the old
slogan "attend the church of
your choice" to read "Burn the
church of your choice."
In repudiating the claim of
well-intentioned people who feel
that time will alleviate the prob
-Icm without the help of further
legislation King said "law cannot
make a man love me but it can
prevent him from lynching me."
King said we in us t not
"adjust" to the world as it is
but through the "love ethic" at
the center of non-violence, but
alter it to assure equality to
everyone.
Students Continue
Bowl Competition
Competition in College Bowl
continued Wednesday night with
Chester House defeating Pi
Lambda Phi fraternity 225-103.
'Froth defeated Alpha Phi 186-60
while Arthur Tischler downed
Tau Kappa Epsilon 255 to 135.
Theta Xi prevailed over Walnut
House 141 to 55 and in a hotly
contested match West Halls
Council nosed out Sigma Pi 255
to 210.
One of the Best
SIX CENTS