WEDNESDAY. SEP
EMBER 25. 1957
Ike ites 'Mob Rule'
As Free World Menace
WASHINGTON, Sept. 24 (JP)—President Eisenhower. telling the nation why he sped
federal troops to Little Rock, said tonight that "mob rule" there menaced the very safety of
the United States and the free world.
so, he said in a TV-radio broadcast from the White House, because "gloating"
abroad are using the school integration riots to misrepresent the United States,
and undermine its prestige and.
influence around the globe.
Solemnly, he called upon Ar-i
kansas citizens to help bring an(
end to all interference with legal!
,processes, because:
"Mob rule cannot be allowed to
override the decisions of the ,
courts."
Even as he spoke, the first of
500 troops of the 101st Airborne
Division were entering Little
Rock. but the President pledged: !
"If resistance to the federal 1
court orders ceases at once, the
further presence of federal
troops will be unnecessary ..."
The President stressed that the
troops were not sent to relieve
local authorities of their duty to
preserve or de r, nor to act as
school administrators. Their only
Purpose, he said, is to prevent
,further interference with a fed
eral judge's order that Negroes
,be admitted to Little Rock's Cen
tral High School.
The President, looking deadly
!serious, said he chose the White
House for his address to the na
,tion because:
"I felt that, in speaking from,
the House of Lincoln, of Jackson;
land of Wilson, my words would,
more clearly convey both the sad
ness I feel in the action I was
compelled today to take and the
firmness with which I intend to
pursue this course."
He said he knew that an over
whelming majority of Ameri
cans—including those of Little
Rock—are people of good will,
but that some few in the Ar
kansas capital were bent on ob
structing justice.
In this country. Eisenhower
said, the basis of individual rights
and freedom is the certainty that
the executive branch will insure
the carrying out of federal court
(decisions with all the means at
the president's command, whin
necessary.
"Unless the president did so,
anarchy would result," he said.
The President, dressed in a
light - . -gray suit and "television
blue" shirt, appeared to be corn
laletely at ease, even though he
built up emphasis on several
points.
-On two occasions, he whipped
'off his glasses to ad lib a line.
Once, he said that the running of
school systems is a matter for lo
cal authorities, and the federal
government doesn't interfere un
less asked
That is
Communists
Troops Use
Date Back
160 Years
WASHINGTON, Sept. 24 (A l )
American presidents- have been
using troops to enforce the law
and preserve order since the ear
liest days of the republic.
In such historic instances as the
Whisky Rebellion, John Brown's
raid at Harper's Ferry, the bonus
march on Washington and the
1894 Pullman strikes, presidents
ordered troops into action.
And, in Arkansas itself, where
President Eisenhower stepped in
todiy by summoning the state
National Guard into federal serv
ice, there have been at least three
precedents for summoning the
troops to preserve or restore or
der. r
There is one major point of dif
ference between Eisenhower's de
cisibn today to, use guardsmen
and federal troops in Arkansas
and actions of other presidents
in the past. Ordinarily, the presi
dent has sent troops to scenes of
riot or threatened disorder on the
request of a governor. Few in
stances turn up in the history
books—one is the Pullman strike
—in which a president has acted
against the expressed wish of the
governor of the state.
Federal legal authorities said
the laws under which Eisenhower
acted date back to 1861.
Leader Says President
Acted Late in Arkansas
PITTSBURGH, Sept. 24 (R)
Gov. Leader said today President
Eisenhower's action in ordering
federal troops to Little 'Rock
should have been taken sooner.
Asked by newsmen to comment
on the presidential action In the
Arkansas racial dispute, Leader
declared:
"I think the decisive action on;
the part of the federal govern-;
ment now is commendable butl
would have been more commend- i
able if it had come sooner.
Britain Warns UN
About Syrian Arms
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y., Sept. 24 (/P)—Britain told the
United Nations today there are signs the Communist arms
buildup in Syria is intended to stock Soviet advance bases
in the Middle East. •
Foreign Secretary Selwyn Lloyd made the statement in
a policy speech before the 8
which he charged the Soviet 'Un
ion with creating tension and
anxiety in• the Middle East.
He also declared failure to
make progress on disarmament is
due to Soviet-refusal to "get down
to brass tacks,"
Lloyd's speech coincided with
the delivery of notes to the Krem
lin by the United States, Britain
and France containing similar
charges on Soviet activities in the
Arab world, and rejecting the So
viet request for a big power de
claration renouncing use of force
to settle Middle East issues.
Lloyd lashed out at the policy
speech of Soviet Foreign Minister
Andrei Gromyko last Friday.
Lloyd said that boiled down the
Gromyko speech demanded aban
donment by' the Western powers
of defensive, alliances against the
threat of the Soviet• Union and
the laying aside of their princi
pal weapons to deter further So
viet aggression.
FOR GOOD RESULTS
USE COLLEGIAN CLASSIFIEDS,
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN STATE COLLEGE PENNSYLVANIA
-nation General Assembly in
Clap Your ..._liancl3
Stamp our .2ed
TONIGHT at LAgalleida
featuring
Austin Wells and Dixieland
to add fo your enjoyment
•steamed clams
•pizza pie
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8- 11 P.M. W. BEAVER AVE
Big Three
Hit USSR
On Mid-East
WASHINGTON, Sept. 24 L-P)--
The United States today reaffirm
ed its determination to preserve
peace in the Middle East and
joined Britain and France in de
nouncing Russia for inflaming
hatreds there.
The State Department made
public a diplomatic note, couched
in blunt language. handed • today
Ito the Soviet Foreign Ministry in
;Moscow.
It said similar notes were de
livered by the French and British.
'They were the latest in an ex
change touched off Feb. 11 when
'Russia called for a Big Four dec
larationi condemning use of force
'in the Middle East.
• The American note pinned on
Russia "primary responsibility for
the present aggravation of tension
in the Middle_East."
It said Russia arms shipments
started "a chain of events" and
"inflammatory Soviet statements
and propaganda" have thwarted
all efforts to relax tensions and
solve Mideast problems.
Citing the congressionally ap
proved resolution pledging mili-,
tary support if requested by any ,
victim of Communist aggression
in the Middle East, the American
note declared: "There shall be no
doubt that the government of the
United States intends to carry out
the national policy set forth in this
resolution."
•
Troops Arrive--
(Continued from - page one)
Citizens of this Southern met
ropolis reacted with shock, sur
prise, and in some cases elation
to the President's order.
Gov. Faubus indicated today
he did not intend to dispute the
President's authority to feder
alize his state troops_
Arkansasofficials, some of
them appearing stunned at the
President's action, said "this is
not the answer" to the burning
problem.
"My god, did he do that?" one
of the governor's aides said when
told of Eisenhower's action.
Mine Explosion Probed
WASHINGTON, Pa., Sept. 24
( 1 p) Mine inspectors and a mine
rescue team today probed the
depths of the Bethlehem Steel
Company's Marianna mine where
an explosion killed five miners
and burned six others yesterday.
I The sun is moving through
'space at about 12 miles per second.
Christian Huygens, a 23-year-old
'Dutch scientist, patented the first
accurate watch and clock in 1657.
Hoffa's Credentials
Attacked by. Solons
WASHINGTON, Sept. 24 (.4 3 )—Senate investigators today
challenged the credentials of James R. Hoffa and 29 other
delegates to a Teamsters Union convention at which Hoffa
hopes to win the post.of president.
The challenge came from Robert F. Kennedy, chief
counsel of the Senate Rackets'
Committee, and Sen. Mundt (R-'
SD), a member of the T
inquirY i
exti leUn ion
group.
They contended the election ofi
Hoffa, Midwest boss of the Team-!•
stern, and other delegates from
Locals 299 and 337 in Detroit was. iven Order
not conducted in accordance witht
the union's constitution.
"He's not legally a delegate." I
Mundt said of Hof fa. whom the
committee had had under fire
for months.
This brought an angry protest
from George Fitzgerald. Hoffa's
lawyer. Hoffa, described by Chair
man McClellan (D-Ark) as "one
of the most powerful labor lead
ers in this nation," had been in-
vited to attend the hearing but The Council's announcement
did not show up. came after a day-long Meeting
•
"I don't think Sen. Mundt has ' l miring which the labor organiza
any right to sit here and char-jtion's top governing body had
racterize anything as legal or il-i studied a report from the AFL
legal," Fitzgerald said. 'CIO Ethical Practices Committee
The issue will be threshed outicondemning financial practices in
in the U.S. District Court here'the textile union.
Friday when Hoffa and other!
The accused textile union is dis
union bigwigs appear to show tinct from the Textile Workers
cause why a temporary injunc-;Union of America, once in the
tion should not be issued holdingiClO.
up the election. The Teamsters; It is one of three unions under
are scheduled to open their con - lcorruption charges by the Ethical
vention in Miami Beach next Practices Committee after dis-
Monday. • .closures of financial irregulari-
A group of rank and file ;ties by a Senate committee.
Teamsters from the New York i
area allege that Hoff a. Dave 1 Workers
sters and Bake The other unions. the Team
area allege
retiring president, and ry also
others have combined to rig the
are expected to get clean-up or
election. i ders from the Executive Council.
The resumption of the Senate
t which is meeting in extraordin
!inquiry into Hoffa's•record as a;arY session to pass on the Ethical
;labor leader brought several oth
,Practices Committee's reports.
ier developments today. 1 The Council said action on the
1 There was testimony that HoffalTeamsters and Bakers would not
:hired two of his business agentslcome before tomorrow.
fresh from the Ohio State Peni-I The Council's announcement on
: tentiary. _ the textile workers said it "finds
One of these agents. Hermarvand concludes" that the union is
Kierdorf. disclosed that he loaned{ dominated. controlled or sub
{Hoffa $2,000 in 1952 and didn'tistantially influenced in the con.
get the money back until last duct of its affairs by corrupt in-
Friday. ' :fluences, in violation of the con-
Hoffa appears to have paid off' stitution of the AFL-CIO."
I
1 two other debts that day. 1
l UN Shelves Red China
..
Negro Home Wgtched ! UNITED NATIONS. N.Y. Sept.
- LEVITTTOWN. Pa., Sept. 2.4 i 24 UP) The General Assembly
(Th—The home of the first Negro!decided tonight to shelve for an
president in the planned commun-I other year the question of seating
ity of Levittown.is being watched!Red China in the United Nations.
round-the-clock by state police,' The action was a rebuff for In
tit was learned today. :die and the Soviet Union.
When blinded by the glare of approaching heod
lights, it is best to:
(A) Put lights on low boom and get by os quickly as
possible.
(B) Put lights on high beam to get even with 14
approaching driver.
(C) Stay on low beam, slow down, keep eyes on
right edge of road.
Do you know the answer to this quick motor quiz?
Getting the correct answer won't win you any money,
but it could save your life in a similar situation.
*Choke (C) u the correct onrwer. Did YOU get ill
DRIVE CAREFULLY
Savo your LICENSI AND YOUR LIPIR
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Proctored and disseminated by am Penasyfranla Ploneepacwoo ►ebtYwd
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COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA
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... ,
PAGE THREE
To Clean Up
NEW YORK, Sept. 24 (~ P )
The AFL-CIO Executive Council
late today found the United Tex
tile Workers of America under
corrupt influence and gave tke
union 30 days to clean up.