TUESDAY. NOVEMBER B. 1955
Court Rules on Trials
Claims Vets
Not Subject
To Trials
WASHINGTON, Nov. 7 (OP)
Ex-servicemen cannot be
subjected to military trial for
crimes committed while in
service, the Supreme Court
ruled today.
By a 6-3 vote, the court struck
down a key provision of the 1950
Uniform Code of Military Justice.
It permitted the armed forces . to
put civilians back into uniform
and court-martial them for serious
crimes occurring before their dis
charge.
The ruling, with potential im
plications to millions, specifically
applied to Robert W. Toth of
Pittsburgh. As a result, the Air
Force cannot bring Toth, an
honorably discharged veteran, to
trial for the slaying of a South
Korean civilian.
Decision to Have Bearing
The decision was expected to
have a direct bearing on the fate
of three turncoat Gls arrested at
San Francisco last July 29 under
the- code of military justice. The
trio—Otho G. Bell of Hillsboro,
Miss., William A. Cowart of Dal
ton, Ga., and Lewis W. Griggs,
of Jacksonville, Tex.—are no w
held by the Army at Ft. Baker,
Calif.
The three were captured by the
Communists in North Korea and
while held prisoner were said to
have betrayed this country by in
forming and aiding the enemy in
exchange for favored treatment.
They later rejected the Reds and
came home.
Designated as Deserters
When the three first elected to
stay in Red China, Secretary of
Defense Charles Wilson desig
nated them as deserters. Then, in
January 1954, Wilson ordered
them dishonorably discharged.
Justice BlaCk, who spoke for
the court majority today, said
Congress exceeded its constitu
tional authority in enacting legis
lation to subject civilians like
Toth to trial by court-martial. He
said:
"They, like other civilians, are
entitled to have the benefit of
the safeguards afforded those
tried in the regular courts au
thorized by Article 111 of the Con
stitution."
State to Hold Elections Today;
Local Issues to Be Contested
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Pennsylvania voters go to the
polls Tuesday, climaxing a poli
tical campaign pegged primarily
to local issues. Lack of a state
wide contest dulled overall in
terest.
More than five million voters
are eligible to cast ballots. The
polls opened at 7 a.m. and close
at 8 pm. Democratic enrollment,
at 2,201,902,002, was up 86,780
from primary registration, while
the Republicans showed an in
crease of 30,857 to 2,771,754.
Republican registration topped
Democratic enrollment by 600,-
000. But this was smaller than
1953, when the spread was one
million and in 1954 when it was
900,000.
The most noteworthy contest is
in the state's largest city, Phila
delphia, where the Democrats
seek to retain control of city hall.
They ended 67 years of Republi
can rule in the last mayorality
election.
Veteran campaigner Richard
son Dilworth- is the Democratic
mayorality candidate. He is op-
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THE DAILY COLLEGIAN. STATE COLLEGE. PENNSYLVANIA
News Experts
Hit'Managing'
Ofinformation
WASHINGTON, Nov. 7 (A)
Some of the nation's top news
specialists told Congress today
that information about govern
ment activities is being sup
pressed or "managed" to an ex
tent that seriously impairs the
public's right to know what is
going on.
• This was the unanimous ver
dict of a dozen editors, publish
ers. writers and others who
gave informal testimony as a
House Government Operations
subcommittee opened an in
"quiry into freedom of informa
tion.
Chairman John B. Moss (D-
Calif.) promised "a long, hard
look at the amount of informa
tion available from the executive
agencies for both the public and
its elected representatives."
James B. Reston. chief of the
Washington bureau of The New
York Times, told the committee
news suppression is not the
only problem—that "a growing
tendency" by government offi
cials to slant - or "manage"
news may in the long run do
more harm.
Columnist Joseph Alsop Jr., de
clared Washington newsmen are
subject to reprisals including fed
eral investigation when they pub
lish, against the wishes of some
officials, news they consider of
"life or death importance" to the
American people.
Off-Year Elections
To Prove Slight
Off-year elections Tuesday in 12
states feature contests for goverl
nor of Kentucky and mayor of
Philadelphia, and an Ohio refer
endum to make operative a sup
plemental layoff pay plan for the
auto industry, the Associated
Press reported yesterday.
Unless the Democratic candi
dates suffer unexpected defeats
in the Kentucky and Philadelphia
voting, political leaders see little
in the scattered State and local
elections to provide a weather
vane for the 1956 national cam
paigning. However, they will be
looking for clues.
posed by Republican Thacher
Longstreth, 35, a former adver
tising executive making his first
try for public office.
In Allegheny County, Republi
can James F. Malone is seeking to
win reelection' to the district at
torney's office against Democrat
Edward C. Boyle, a former U.S.
dist. attorney. Malone is rated an
even chance to win in the normal
ly Democratic county.
In, Luzerne County, for me r
State Sen. Peter F. Margie, a
Democrat, is seeking election to
the state senatorial seat left va
cant by - the death of Democrat
Patrick J. Toole. He is opposed
by Republican William H. Davis,
deputy county controller and a
protege of former Gov. Fine.
In these battles, and other in
volving the control of county
courthouses in the state's 67 coun
, ties, both parties will get a chance
to gauge the depth of their poli
tical strength for next year's
presidential campaign.
BELLEFONTE
Adult.:
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Chili'
25
PLAZA °
Last TIMM TODAY
Gary Grant - Grace Kelly
"TO CATCH A THIEF"
YlstaVision & Color!
Wednesday & Tharsda,
Light-hearted romantic parody I
DOCTOR IN THE HOUSE
MIDNIGHT SHOW
Thursday Nit. (Nov. 10.)
Doors Opsit at 11:31 pm.
MY SINTER MEEK
Doctors Re • • rt
President to Leave
Hospital on Friday
DENVER, Nov. 7 WY—President Dwight D. Eisenhower
will leave the hospital for Washington Friday—but two of
his doctors said today it will be "late January or February"
before he can decide on trying for a second term.
Dr. Paul Dudley White and Maj. Gen. Howard M. Snyder
told a news conference Eisenhower's mending heart must be
"exposed to considerably more
strain" before the President can
decide on his "physical future and
- .vhole life "
That did not rule out the pos
sibility that Eisenhower already
may have made up his mind on
seeking or foregoing another four
years in the White House. But
White and Snyder said the Presi
dent had given them no inkling
on that.
Doctors Attend Conference
White, the eminent Boston heart
specialist, Snyder, Eisenhower's
personal physician, and other
doctors who have been attending
the President since his Sept. 24
heart attack appeared at the
news conference after thorough,
lengthy examinations of the chief
executive yesterday and today.
However hazy the political fu
ture might be, White said that
he had "only good news again"
on Eisenhower's physical condi
tion at this point. And he added:
"We have all, myself included,
decided that Friday, in the morn
ing, Nov. 11, will be the time for
his takeoff here. So he will arrive
in Washington in the afternoon."
Ike Plans Celebration
Then, he said, the President
plans to go on to his farm at Get
tysburg, Pa., next Monday to cel
ebrate Mrs. Eisenhower's 59th
birthday.
To a question whether he would
run again if he "were in the Presi
dent's shoes," White replied that,
"I haven't enough information
yet."
Supreme COurt—
IContinued from page one)
an order be issued granting Ne
groes admission to Atlanta's pub
lic links.
In Atlanta, city officials de
clined to express any opinion
about the court's ruling.
Georgia's attorney general, Eu
gene Cook, an ardent segregation
advocate said today's decisions
amount to another step in what
he called a campaign to bring
about intermarriage of the races.
•••••••3 0000000000000 •••
s TAT E . •
Last Day - "TRIAL"
Starts Tomorrow
"The Desperate Hours"
Humphrey Fredric
Bogart March
Foetus*: 1:39. 3:40, 5:41, 7:42.
9:50
••••••••••••••••••••••••
Gen. Howard M. Snyder
Comments on President
High Employment Level
WASHINGTON, Nov. 7 (A')
I Nearly 65 million Americans had
jobs in October, the highest level
of employment ever reached for
that month, the government re
ported today.
However, the report said, a big
influx of housewives and other
new jobseekers held the level of
unemployment nearly unchanged,
at 2,131,000.
Soviets Hint
Unification
Of Germany
GENEVA, Nov. 7 (/P)—New So
viet offers on German unification
and disarmament were hinted by
Russian officials here tonight as
the Big Four powers reached vir
tual agreement to hold another
conference in Geneva next spring.
The present slow-moving foreign
ministers' parley recessed five
out of 12 days—will resume to
morrow when Russia's V. M. Mol
otov flies back from consultations
in Moscow. The only uncertainty
about the next conference ap
parently is the date—March or
April.
Molotov's diplomatic lieuten
ants, who remained behind in
Gen ev a, guardedly indicated
these moves are under considera
tion:
1. A softening of Molotov's op
position to free elections in re
unifying Germany. But the So
viets still demand a united Ger
many bound to complete neutral
ity, and propose a unification pro
cess by gradual stages which
would preserve the Sovietized in
stitutions of East Germany. Free
elections would be the last step
—not the first—as the Allies' de
mand.
2. An approach toward accept
ance in principle of President
Dwight D. Eisenhower's proposal
for American-Russian exchange
of military blueprints and aerial
inspection.
But the Russians have no in
tention of accepting the Presi
dent's timetable for the proposal.
He offered it here last July as
something the two powers could
put into operation immediately
as a prelude to a general agree
ment on disarmament. The Rus
sians won't separate it from their
declared aim of outlawing and
abolishing atomic weapons.
PAGE THREE