TUESDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1952
Oklahoma Loyalty Oath Out;
No Change Expected in Pa.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 15 (R)—The Supreme
Court . knocked out Oklahoma's loyalty _oath law
today on the ground that it does not provide ade
quate safeguards for the innocent.
Justice Clark, who wrote the court's 8 to 0 de
cision, said that under the act, association alone
determines loyalty—"it matters not whether as
sociation existed innocently or knowingly."
"Indiscriminate classification of innocent with
knowing activity must fall as an
assertion of arbitrary power,"
Clark said. ."It offends the due
process of law."
The Oklahoma 1a w required
state officers and employes to
swear, among other things, that
they had no t belonged to any
group listed by the U.S. attorney
general as subversive or as a com
munist front for five years 'prior
to taking the oath.
Backs Oustiiig
In Oklahoma City, the author
of the law, Rep. William Shibley,
said he will introduce a new loy
alty bill in the legislature next
year, drafting it to meet the Su
preme Court's requirements. -
"I haven't changed my mind a
bit," Shibley said. "I think it is
a good thing. I am sincere about
it." •
In earlier decisions the court
had upheld non-communist oath
laws for Los Angeles city em
ployes, New York school teach
ers, and Maryland political candi
dates. In those cases, Clark com
mented, persons required to take
the oath were given a chance to
say they had no knowledge of
subversive activity on the part of
organizations to which they be
longed.
Upheld in State
Clark said the Oklahoma Su
preme Court ruling upholding the
state loyalty oath , law "must be
viewed as holding that knowledge
is not a factor under the Okla
homa statute."
The question before the high
court, Clark said, was this: whe
ther the due process clause of the
14th Amendment permits a state,
in attempting to bar disloyal in
dividuals from its employe, to ex
clude persons solely on the basis
of organizational membership, re
gardless of their knowledge con
cerning the organizations to which
they had belonged.
In other cases today, the court:
1. Ruled for the first time. that
use of wire tap evidence in state
courts does not violate the Fed
eral Communications Act.
2. Refused to interfere with a
federal grand jury investigation
of an alleged world oil. cartel.
Anglo-Iranian Oil
Enjoys Immunity
WASHINGTON, Dec. 15 (W)—
A federal judge ruled today that
the Br iti s h controlled .Anglo-
Iranian Oil Company enjoys "sov
ereign immunity" against criminal
prosecution in American courts.
Defense lawyers promptly hail
ed the decision as a blow to a four
months old grand jury investiga
tion of an alleged world wide oil
monopoly. President Truman had
personally ordered the inquiry.
In handing down today's deci
sion, Judge James R. Kirkland
said however that the ruling of
"sovereign. immunity" would not
prevent possible civil suits against
the Anglo-Iranian company.
Electric Welding Added
To Farming Course
The College has added electric
welding to the general farming
shirt courses, A. L. Beam, direc
tor of short courses, has announc
ed.
The welding course will be in
cluded in the course scheduled for
Jan. 7 to Feb. 4. Applications are
now being filed. -
Prof Awarded Clock
William J. Re . agan, associate
professor of metallurgy, was pre
sented an engraved 400-day clock
at the tenth annual conference of
the American Institute of Mining
and Metallurgical Engineers in
recognition of his part in the or
ganization of the institute. ,
THE IMILY COLLEGIAN, STATE COLLEGE, PENNSYLVANIA
HARRISBURG, Dec. 15 (?P)—Atty. Gen. Robert
E. Woodside expressed doubt today that the Penn
sylvania loyalty oath law will be affected by the
invalidation of a similar Oklahoma law.
The U.S. Supreme Court struck down Okla
homa's loyalty oath law on the ground that it
penalizes persons who might have joined sub
versive organizations innocently.
Woodside said the saving feature of the Penn-
Ike to Study
European Unity
Against Reds
NEW YORK, Dec. 15 (R)—Pres
ident-elect Eisenhower, just back
from his Korean 'look and learn"
trip, plunged today into talks on
European unity against commu
nism.
Eisenhower conferred with
John L. McCloy, former United
States high commissioner in Ger-.
many ,and John Foster Dulles,
who will be his secretary of state.
The nature of the talks indicat
ed the President-elect was weigh
ing whatever plans he might have
concerning Korea with the rest
of the world picture.
McCloy, who lunched with Eis
enhower and Dulles, said "we
talked about the steps that might
be taken in relation to European
unity, a subject we have all been
engaged in and interested in for
a number of years."
Asked 'if West German rearma
ment was discussed, McCloy said
"not particularly, except in rela
tion to other things."
Congress Praises
Radio - TV Cleanup
WASHINGTON, Dec
.15 (W)—
The radio-television industry was
commended for its voluntary
cleanup efforts today by a con
gressional committee which said
some programs are bad but fed
eral controls might be worse.
The committee, a special House
interstate group headed by Rep.
Harris (D-Ark.) objected particu
larly to overemphasis on crime
programs, and said some programs
contain "offensive, objectionable,
or suggestive material." Also, it
said some advertising is in "poor
taste."
But, it added, the existence of a
voluntary code of ethics and indus
try efforts to make it work "are
proof of the sincerity of the in
dustry in this endeavor."
WASHINGTON The De
fense Department today identi
fied 103 - Korean War casualties
in a new list which reported 29
dead, 68 wounded. five missing
and one injured.
sylvania law is that the word
"knowingly" was inserted in a
section dealing with a person be
coming a member of a subversive
organization.
'He emphasized his final opin
ion of the relationship of the Penn
sylvania and Oklahoma statutes
would have to await his receipt
of the U.S. Supreme Court deci
sion.
He said, "Deputy Atty. Gen.
Robert L. Kunzig and I have ex
amined the Oklahoma statute and
notice that the oath required -in
Oklahoma contains certain provi
sions which we deliberately kept
out of our oath because we felt
they were of doubtful constitu
tionality.
"Our oath is more nearly like
the Los Angeles oath which has
been declared constitutional by
the Supreme Court of the United
States than the Oklahoma oath
which has just been struck down."
The Pennsylvania oath requires
all public employees, including
teachers, to swear they are not
subversives nor knowingly are
members of a subversive organ
ization under penalty of dismissal.
10 Air Battles
Rage in Korea
SEOUL, Tuesday, Dec. 16 (21 3 )
Clearing weather touched off • a
series of ten air battles high over
northwest Korea Monday in the
first appearance of the Commun
ist Air Force in five days.
Air Force headquarters said
Sabre
the
damaged at least two
of the MIGs and drove the rest
back across the Manchurian,fron
tier before they could interfere
with slower Allied fighter-bomber
sweeps.
Allied losses, if any will be an
nounced later in a weekend sum
mary.
One MIG was damaged in a
morning encounter between ten
Red jets and four Sabres. The
other MIG was riddled in an af
ternoon duel between four Rus
sian-built jets and four Sabres.
49 Thought Drowilecii
MANILA, Tuesday, Dec. 16 (IP)
A wall of water flooded the shaft
of a gold mine 125 miles southeast
of Manila Monday, trapping 49
workers who were feared
drowned.
Twenty others were accounted
for after the disaster.
82 Die as Reds Try
Mass Prison Break
PUSAN, Korea, Tuesday, Dec. 16 (P)—Allied guards quelled a
masS' breakout attempt by 3600 die-hard North• Korean Communist
prisoners Sunday on Pongam Island, killing 82 and wounding 120
more.
Two U.S. and
rock-hurling Reds
Brookhaven
Cosmotron
Dedicated
UPTON, N.Y., Dec. 15 (A)—A
giant machine today was dedicat
ed to the task of discovering se
rets of the insides of atoms and
new secrets of the universe.
The machine is the cosmotron,
the world's most powerful atom
smasher. It is a great doughnut
shaped magnet, covered with a
red plastic skin to keep it clean
and rust free, weighing 2,200 tons
and measuring 75 feet, in diame
ter.
It is the newest tool for learn
ing what holds the hearts of at
oms together, where the energy
of stars comes from' and what are
the basic atomic facts of life and
of the universe.
The cosmotron was dedicated at
Brookhaven National Laborator-.
ies, one of the research centers of
the Atomic Energy Commission,
in ceremonies attended by 200
prominent scientists and educa
tors from 10 nations.
Like a slingshot, it has hurled
atomic bullets at the fantastic en
ergies of 2,300,000,000 electron
volts, sending them smashing into
the cores of other atoms.
The collisions shatter at om s
more powerfully than any ma
chine yet built. The parts and
pieces that come from the smash
ed atoms will yield new secrets
about - the hearts of atoms and
atomic structure.
In work already, the cosmotrons
have produced some new - and yet
unexplained particles from atom
ic collisions.
Bertrand Russell
Takes American Bride
LONDON, Dec. 15 (VP) At the
age of 80, white-haired philoso
pher Bertrand Russell was mar
ried today to an American wom
an, 59 year old Edith Finch.
She became.his fourth wife, his
second American wife and, by
virtue of the brief civil ceremony
in the Chelsea Registry Office, she
became a countess. .
The philosopher is the third
Earl Russell of the United King
dom, and by rules governing prec
edent in the British peerage his
wife is automatically a countess.
octopontoomictemavectovactocictextoemcmciag.ictelmvoextvemo si
Did You FORGETP
•
X
REMEMBER
• Your Friends
with beautiful Christmas cards;
we have a wide selection in all
sizes and colors.
METZGERS
111-115 S. Allen
two South Korean soldiers also were injured by
who ignored all orders to halt and charged the
guards in waves, the UN prisoner
of war command announced.
The Allied announcement was
expected to bring angry new pro--
tests from the Communist truce
delegation and blasts from the
Red radio.
It was the bloodiest uprising
yet, exceeding by one the number
of Red -prisoners killed in a Feb.
18 riot on Koje Island.
Pongam is a small, terraced,
wind-swept island about one and
a half miles on the southwest tip'
of Koje.
It said that wind blowing across
prison camp site at the time of
the uprising "prevented the use
of tear gas to quell the rioters."
After an investigation, Col. C. V.
Cadwell, commanding the, UN
prisoner of war command, praised
the island commander, Lt. Col.
George P. Miller for "using sound
judgment."
"Col. Miller did not use any
more force than was necessary,"
Cadwell said. "He acted promptly.
It could have been a very serious
situation."
The mutiny occurred at 1 p.m.
Sunday among one-third of the
9000 Korean civilian internees
held in UNC Camp IC. These
prisoners—many of them former
inmates of notorious Compound 62
on Koje Island—had originally
been classified as prisoners of war
at the time of their capture. They
had been picked up during chang
ing tides of war, mainly in Red
retreats.
Santa Suggests.. .
CAR® SHUFFLERS...i
turn. handle ._. . cards come
out shuffled
$5.50
NOVELTY ASHTRAYS
$l.OO to $2.50
The Treasure House
Across from Old Main
Christmas
is a time for
spreading
greetings of
good cheer.
PAGE FIVE
State College