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't II
II
XXk
VOLU
nitil
sI -vex
a
. •
e -
.. - ' ' 4 4 •
q, Davetipoit,tEditor & Piblie
• 1 . • r
'•. - I
oDOLLA6 •I
1112,. TS
-jer annUZI, t?!,l: l lsYAS'ele; Ve7ierlflB6TßO T.l,OOL
t A rtXcfl tertiorged. No paper diecorititine'd
orrearagee are settled, except at , the
f the Editor. ' •
1
Airertisem4l6 inserted it thlt,rate 450
i v. per square r r-
of thirteen lines for one lase
r.utrisequent insertion 25 cents. ,
discount made to yearly advertisers:
. .
or Letterer arid commu n ications , by knew,
• '7 -
have Protop,t attention. •
----- A
li RICA TO - -THE: *ORT,"D ;
t II -- 1:' • • - ii
r . i i • . .., • ,
-Viol eani/qt be too :decided , or tSo
! xi ,li,it ink making -known;_to the
' x .,. l;; .l lLt oteiliment that ti . ke is not
i0w..,,r i . witliere . been,.nor.sir;ll4. here
li6 - , tlietleie-t blea exiiiiiiig . in this
~vv, rnintql.t. or suffering's Clissolution
Tf. t hi.,*l*::b6 to .take place-ifanv way
iv l hato - er.. T....liere will. be her \ 'i.,.: onl3-
!..,e' natio!' and: one gorernntent, and
1,,, , ,•,•wi1t.qe ,the carne.. Republic and
Ile klui,i . (Onstitutional ' L dion th:it
,:iv,....olrvnity'pAirvived a dozen nation
11 .c.liatoi , t dud.' changes or. govern
'went ill alitii4 every'. other eptintrY'..
1 •
jllie-,.. will •diral beivalter aSithey are
1 ,,,,.. „I,J e ttpL ;iii human ' wander , and
I ) n.—ilig. IL .
FBrwmtnl" .
, ~ 1 1 1
Uliiva 11 aii6
1'
e;! L'Jrzu thie
of
great=4.tete,
tremble: )fetteath:
111;0..0 It
, , th ct
MEM
ME
~ : ".."Fitu7'^'lLle
untain 0$
sik i
in wkorie
MIME
Uju.;es trgni li
I.; : ttriiiCt he
I ual u
:bed as Wi
bs!
EMI
li
ri l
,c,
ii
r_l ,I
MELEE
it a anon
at? birth
olltrit;
tte
and
Dizez
r!jF,r fe,
an our 1.1
tn. t
0 that At
11621
c , :rgf.ted• the;
be th
In could c
art abet
glory
4 Loric r
••• 1 '
er,unfry 1,
I •
stir Beg ahalL
of etri.
i s #oni
1 . •
one; corroptiq
=ECM
ed g
t ugh the
g'ea^,,in
MUM=
twits peace
clp t i les that ealikka nati
heart ralorfe bu
.
tiiely'
„
er-,t
~ ,T " ; 1." in
Anc , ;l;,'e 'D
I.V
ARMY—HYMN. :
• • „
'l,C.Pct
I ' -1 1
.
aio of 116 , t's ..; Almighty Kiug
enerifleewe brihg
trtry arm i ll f Thj strewgth impart,
17 '7 irit abed ,through every heart . :
•
our tfre l eets the livitaglireg, l
17, rolv faithl:.that warmed our sires;
Irn.i rnede our .Ntion free;
1".• herkin serving Thee.
• •
. ;
i hrme to ehow
zikight tor, re, the silent foe:'
ttleten" the s ettle thundeis
le at moving cloa I.
I ;
not one ! ,Sovereign Lord !
a '1.7 ilad Oa l re we drit.w the sword,
: • tae st4:rs 11`4; oa
witi I:ghtioar liter ny sky.,
. ,
,
3*: zrut•aa'S.re.nt; from inyirder's stain
Toti tin Pea<ll3 'ball Taiga,—
:on and field, till shore awl ewa
E t bar 104.1 4.1t1114112, P 6.11111 T 3 Tics
• j I .
LirrEtt.—The following
written letter was the last
I.V 'Ca! Ellsworth to his Tar._
previviis to his departure
NThICh resulted in
r ',death:
LI EA I" T ' ARTERS FIRST ZOUAVES,
WA , liington, May 23, '6l.
har 'Father and Mothig: The
istordered to move .across
-'.l•;%ur t•Oiight. We have no means
1 kt....'114 what reception we are to
,: I ;`‘'tll4• am inclined to the °pin-.
'1 , 411 entrance to the city of
be hotly contested, as
: 141 i/killined a large 'force have
l ti,-day. Should this ham
cle,:it! parents, it. Amy t be my
in • --some manner.—
,;-er iniay happen, cherish the
that I was encraoed in' the
. 4 . nfv,ot a sacredduty:; and.
to
,of t "Itlisfpg over the probabilities
and the_ ocauTinces of
erl,At. 17 itia!perfectly content to ac
'°!aet-v0 my fortune may be.
n 1 " Nat He who noteth even
, -Ziliarrow will
• have some
.
-( •11' in the tate of one like
:ze .
- tlarling and ever -loved par
gooditbve—Godbleqs Protect and
•• , e 2 ,• t c ;: • -
: •
_ I •
ELm
i• •
NNit
lEL
MO
alio
awn
GEN
whi
forn
shut
whe
ctered
drat
thos
twe
' beco
ty aj
trnt
t so, b
I War
lows
Is a
whi
and
thitl
viol,
ETIIMI
the rade
'ire fore
firm
Aits
US,
r, nroxin
1 to dee
7 ; 4
ten haii'
Luny fe
t brobbi
I
ng to-day
lent of 1
right tin
Ith putt
eatneis, 1
name;— 1
=Eta
ed fame. 1
rdly cfr
ICE
the foul nal
uld • tel
• t hElc l
in ain;! - war
roish the inte
~~
ENE
I . the!:
pa to witi.
cith
harp
11
REM
I!ZIE
ming
etnrs
es and
ME
'bayonet Illut
ject..
'•; - trett I
i
• - - tioill
ne and
returning
-Tr
shit
•ne great,
rung
a cra
cite
fort
has
pre!
h
yin!.
the i
deli
con
twe'
the
the
nit
:II LAW OF TREASON.
r the benefit of our reiders, 'fke
Belo iNI the charge Of lion. DAN-
lAONEiF to—the Grand ;Jury, on
aay fast. in regard to Treason. It
Id be , earefally read' and then laid
I- for future referenie: -
LENIF.S OF TUE GIIANb lURY:
igencies sometiinei arise, reqnir
i• departure from ordinary routine,
emanding an increase of light,
1 more effective administration of
.
1 e capture of Fort Sainter by arm
-1 sur ,, ents, whose, rebel • flag now
s :here 'the. emblem of peace and
nsign of Union so long; had float
consummated
: fully:. the treason
Ii . for months has ;reared up its
in the South. -- , :-' 1 •
lis no r longer a . sultiett of.pixrtisati
c. .
1 nee.an to. how - the Gpvernment
Ibe administered, l blit a 'question
Sher . it shall cu-it and be Adininis
. .
at , alt. The. line Isl Squarely
l'n between those wliuphold and
• who deny its'. atthbrity—be
-1 . loYality and tretis64 'it now
les . every citizen to learn his du
d tOperforM' it, and the adminis
irs of the law mustaid 'him to do
l k disseminating infOrthation, and
ling -him of the penalty Which fol
disobedience: : - ~ -; .1
i eason. in its general' signification,
reach of the; duty of allegiance,
l h an inferiOr l owo; to hid - superior,
!
iniports betrayal or: a breach of
1 In particular it refers td-'the
.
Ition,of if.he allegianee Or fidelity
li - a eitizen•oWes the State or Na-.
In this country
. every citizen,
under
~a National.and a State
riimnt;:ogkc4 a double allegihnoe,
herefOre freason iniiv.b j e coinmit
gainst; eat:h. !
..But , tgough 'the du.
: donlile. it is, not incompatible or.
•nant. It isithe perfection of the
rican. National and ,State Consti
ins, that, likelparallel in the Same
'. they
. may run on ',together for-
Withinit„separating•or nnpigning,
fulfilling its Idesign; and contrib
, to - the--harmony arthe!whor, in
.i,
tiful consistency: -Theireas n is,
it L'simply a sepdration of the
srs of go . uernment into , twoelas--
•ooferring upon thei- federal (hOse ,
li 11(4011g ' eilielly to iti relations
ink:nit - ions, and are. of eiicter
eharacter. and - uptin the Mute,
s 'n - hicli•belong to Its relations to-
IS i t'S 0 .. .v.ri citizens, and are cif, an
nal kind, F
rom :their
• nature
spOwers p are not cordictiaw V 'eleliisreinent . is sovercni • , vitnin . as
sphere. and the allegiance of the
en•tii-each is therefore incomplete
1 .1on•V . 1 - ' '''' ' •
arectl'bv the l l
oppressiOns of the
er country. s &red by,. her I Sub
from the doctrine oleo structive
zon;:, the framers of the 'Conititu-
of the'United States ade ;this ,
le.the subject of definition in that.
1.1
-i.un'ent itself It
deel r
es that
anon against! the United.
Sates
:ciii.sist . only.. in. 'levying ] war
inst ithem, orin adhering to their
lies .giving d. c' theni aid. an om
r>, r • • : . ---- .- -
1 1 6 fi'rst liratieh • 'Of tke:idefinition
been the s ubject 'of jud#,ialter
•
ation. The phrase war 7.
lti to he'someWhat'technicaltin its
as bvirroWCd from the statute
dwitrd • the.- Third,l caplT 2d,
extOined by 'English jOrists, such
1. 1e Coke. Foster and Blackstone.
he 7:ttin - of . the' deciSions upon this
that theremust be; an assem
of u boil ' of men in o.rms, lr in
numbers as !thereby.,•.!to;:iintimi
,4o...thiti assembling'.niust be for
bile purpOse.-Och as l to Overthrow
jovernment, ar to • nhllify its laws
their repeall is force
not numbers Merely; - Which
acteriies the essential Oct of "lev
,
war," and the public . nature of
nteiition, n not 'a private end which
les the . .putpcise , of the 'force, in
tittilhig the offence of treason.
Ihusby the : Settled interpretation
Lle
,'Constitution. of the United .
es o oiVen by the hishestJeourt, and
•
pted , as the dOetrinelof the whole
lon for fifty • years. and 'more, .any
i l nipt i l ito.nullity: the-powers. of the
ral government or its taws, when
--
oiled hy-force of arm,- the at--
P t.
numbers no matter how great,
eason, and the only difference be=
i. Districts and • Statei'' is, . that
treason -of the latter is so much•
higher because of its greater mag-,
de.
I ,
, omkhe nature of the powers, coin
i ed to the federal government;
1 the grant Of this very power de'-
',
and 'to the punish treason;: the
Ilitifin itself, fidlowed' by k settled
i rpretatioa •si). Jong Acquiesced in,
he whole nation; there) can be no
possible thing as a - fight in a
C to retire from the Cc ntederaey,
is oWn mere Motion. To'seeede is
sly' to withdraw &ols fellowship;
s'oeiation; arid . implies a YesumpH
..of: that •portion of the powers
h bad been granted to 'the .Feder-1
' ovOmment_for national or extei-;
I v urposes. .But this resumption of
•
sit ,brings the State into coils-,
Ifor to resume them is to use them- 1
,se thern•is to' deny them to the '
1 •ral;government, and the denial to',
•ffewave must be
,supported by.
and this is treason.
Constitution II o ' of : the Unitedt
is I
ssla framed with full powers foi
I , .
mendment, but none for its dissoln:
, or for the separation of a State.
expressed purposes are enduring
•
I 1 7
1.
in their-nature and perpetual n their
necessity. .ta kolas:ions . were adapt,
ed to these parr:lees, and. the faisocial•
thin tlibreby forme& was permanent
and not temporary. In the light of ti
compact, therefore, for parpcisesetidttr;
.
ing in nature, an 4 - 11 perpetual In neces
sity, with a power to perfecttut not
to dissolve, it tlellOwe there e n be no
k.paration by one without the cansent
of all.; I The lbond is inslissolableits
links inay , be burnished but hot bro
ken. IBevolutioe is all that is,le ft , and
depends wholly upon its'sUecess to oX
empt t6frora thelpunishment of i trea
son. 'Revolution. to be right ilmust r : be
caused by the ahuse of federal pow
ers; fOr[as to. all hesides the States find
ample' protection against ea ° h other,
in the'Coustitutibn .
But as to the fedeitokl !goVerrittient
there - la; no allegation of any 'abusellif,
ts powers towards the seceding States
,
eitherhy,positive acts of aggression,
or.. by 'withholding Nits protection.--
There i even a pretexe fora the .
Subvers4on of federal authority, by rev
olution or forcible secession; and as:to
peaceable withdrawal, It is anknown
to, the
the
and repugnant ; to
to the ,nature of - the compact. The
moment ; therefore, that the 'seceding
States. Passed frern their' paper writ
nances to armies in the fieldo sup-
Pert their:secession, the', treason be
came complete: war was their levied,
and 'the purpose was to overthrow the
government.i '
, 1 • .1;
1 1s td who}, they are iVho do
:levy . war," Chief Justice }Marshall
said in - Milan s } ease : , •It .T not, the
intention of } theCourt to say that ;n
~.
}individual caiil be - guilty. of tie crime,_-
who hasnot app ared in•ernth against
his Country. . !in the eontrark. if War
be actually liVie ~ that is;lif } i, } bodyl Of
Men be} actuallyassembled for the pur r '
pose Of effeliting a treasonable purt
pose, all th4e}wl tiperforinat i iy part;
however in }
'nitte. or however' remptE
from the see '*e o ['action and4lio,are
i:
,aotuallY leagued in a genertif}"creanspirs;
Istey, aro. to he }corisidered' }} ao traitors. 7
!Thus it} will be seen , thnti tri , asou by
}
ir‘levvino• wa - r" } isill . t circumscribed by
} s' - • , 1 1
the boundares - ofd the seceded States:
'} rt he . meaninger the,, second branch
iof the. definition of treason, i l
W has not',
( been deteilii ned} by judiciabi . ldeconi•
but has bee }l:the subject If just .s
notch comm ntary 'as to I leafre it un;
, , ..,-I • il :1 } ~ , }' , 1
seLtiee. l; - - ~ , [ ~ . .
.
Ithe seeOnd b 'arch, ;viz: "or in adlierj
l ingto}their;n l . ent . l L ;s giving them ai
itud eciniffirt 7 ; . r . ..1,
1
r r iThe early interpretation Of 'treason'
was made-, I hen Ipatriotitim;} burning
} still brilghtl. :had notreaelnid the , re-} 1
I allzing tl,om,ht ''f I r State rbbenion; hut
I seemed I bou(led in }its. conceptions; bk }
the limits of focal 'insurreetion. Men
I had nOtlth n learn 4 n
that human','
1
rights - . Were ut glittering geberalities,;l
or the privilege o 'Caste; unit that sla;
very was a Christian' virteeGod-giv='
i i en and }hurrianizing. , Intent on 'avoitb:
lingLall pretenee for; constructive' , tree-,
ilsons, judges were disposed to eyelid
latitude of i terpretation, 14 assam- 1
ing the Nvel . -defined', meaning• of the
b
plirasel‘'.levying,iviti" ti. .4 - nclersteed
by English jurists, seemingly unir- •
ware that too; strict a dependence On
their } authority must etriblirrass the
interpretation of ;the term "enemies"
in thelseCond 'branch. _}li t the first
trial Of:J.)41 1 1 k fries, Ridge I l redell Said'
that the.frainers}fof the .Constitution,
haviiig; korrbived,tlie act in erms frorn
the 13ritish :Itatute alone.4ley at least
i
Mean tt. That the En'gliall ant herities and
definitions uf }tern's, should be ineeli
respected. In the
r second trial, -how
ever, IJugg;e! Chase 'announced that
English . boOks were received not , as
ibinding authOrities, hut as Opinions of
men of gre:it. learning and ability.—
But after wa}rds fi the Case Of Bollinan,
WhenChiefllusti.e Marshall- referred
to the English co . mentaities upon:the
. statute} of . EdWili(
I principles not lig
4 tlyto be rejected in
).
!in.the interretation of the Constitu,
ttien,. he ass 1.44 4 rule of exposition,
however beneficial in expounding the
I first branch i which stern* the open
ed mind to the . onseqacrices 'falling
i upon the seeend.hranch*"adhering to
their ej,Lenlies.l'. 1'
-IGuided by 'the' same • mode of inter
pretation; Judge I Tucker ,;in his note
on treason at the'end of the 4th 'vol.
- of l3laeltstone's Commentaries [p: 33]
says': . "By enemies we } hero under
standthe subjects of' foitign powers,
with wlimn we are at open war, and
therefore a l }rebel is not. an enemy
within this i clauso." This is the pre
'eise language of Blacketone in . his
Commentaryonthe Statute of Edward
111. adolit'ecl.thui. by Judge Tueker,
and applied to oieFethiral Constitu
tibm. The reason . given '• by ..:41ack.
atone' is that
. iati enemy is alwkts the
subject. of a t foreign prince who owes
no- allegiance to I.the crown of Eng;
lend." I. } f..l ! • • . - ..
It isielemi the mind of Judge Tuek•
et whO wrote in I 1802; as well as the
Iminds of the. *judges ' referred to, liad
not realized the stupendous thought
of' State treaion; . when; [not only ais} 7
tricts, but whole I States:} }arise in arms
against federal authority; establish a
new•Cinifederticy j ;. havel , large armies
in the I field eqmpped:Air. war !on its
grandest scale ;' 'seize - forte areenals,
vessels; mints and other federal pro-
Iperty, fire upon :the federal troopsidia:
mantle the IfOrtress. they are in; cOn
`"lrrioi.th 'to Vacuate and- author
izepe 1 ~,,. : t.m . : el ~.
• the bunting Of letters . of marque .
:and reprisal.' , 110 say that adhering
to such rebels, : giVing idiom aid and
c}omfolit, is tot treason, because tbiey
lare not "en Mies;" upon} English-an
.' : 1. • .1. i , I} . ,
I • . } . ' l'} I I- , .
. •
SB4
. P
thority, illo impute to I , lle,fonmkrs, of
•the Constitution u ll il narto" ti',. - teehple.an.
t,y, subsersive, of a , safe and ireptig
limit to reason''' and,; '
potion I pru
dence. _.l.fstieh rebe ls are Venemies
it *ill be diffieult, i iiiittliPrOien. An),
whose hostility is more, difingerous ler
implaciable. „I ' l' . ~,, ~_;!°''; ;- ° 1 . 1 ;
•- 'Wit out underrating t hereat , value.
set•u n the nglish , • • !tion of the
stianf of Edward,Lll; :131'614 Mei
-4
shall, that bright lunii ° yfederal
la ; it is no, too r .lmuc
..
~os,y, dist
an • expositiiln of: tho. 1 „ plis.enliMY,
nq a
w i" . 1 - 140 iiarivl - .o , di ~ „ p1f 3. 8 1 i, B
i , 1 1 - .
mau pg,.as t r ob' t4eCio, t!4ion of
a rotection essential to", i.- •rimerva
tio , andlo stainp upoi? itti; . fOlyillOrfil
i p
a wan of common prtl4o46:an fere
sie‘hti is technical ' iiii7klse .- *Ud ltin
so nd., While following . ..the light of
English jurisPiudence t 46 Jong Ins it
shed genial rays upon' Our, pathway;
we must i not pursue it ~sto intently,' as
to m iss the 'door of pi4iisliment, ito
those! .whose complicity 'with rebels,
eqUals in corifiequences , anfi guilt - ad
herence to'foreignfOes. i '4l , .. 't
Without an authoritiveipap6s itio
of `tiii6 terre , 'by
_the 'highest feder ir
al
court •I we should holdisif4hadherenti
as traitors in . 1 1at , ,,I . tis 'thet f are truly
trait 'ors in'deed; giving toflfiti!iplsin
English and commo n I son B4 Waning.
It wo u ld therefore be .tresjiatl,give
1
intkligenceltO - th6 rebels ;.-!fiend ;them
Prdisions ; ! sell t he m alma and muni
tiohs.Of war • deliV r np trotheM forte
irsenals. 'and veei is of The 'GOverri4-
' 1 .
mental build, ; furnish, fiCLOnt,, !leillor t i
charter to them Vessels fe•earri on
,
war ; act as freighters, or eafTy arms
or munitions of war ItolthOd; deliver'
up prifioners to the •eciii*al secrete,.
or *id !the escape , Of tiidiors.; 4.nd i to,
do all=' such nets,' as I eigino,,,ailhermiee
to them. giving theni aid 4cleoinfort.
The punishment c:f treskin against
the United States 13 . I dWatb. l ; • ! !
Udder the actic'ongriAs. oft 1700,
it is misprision of reasoffiigainst the
United States to have a knowledge of
such !treason, ; agai nst them ;. and to
conceal,. and not as s'pon,saamy' ; be l t,o*
disclose, and Make h e same known i to
the President, or an Unitod States
Judge, or to the vernoroma jUdge,
: t,
or Juatice of the' State, .-' t 1 ).
I
The' punishmenli fs'l haprisonment,
not , e
• xceeding seven ;y: ; ,.wiwi,andlii, , : fin e !
not exceeding one 1i0fi.... dollars:: !
Treason againit. he ; thiited t pates,
i ?_
is punishable' onl ' im!,...ttio. E dena
courtSl • alai can be tried in the
State ;land di trio wliirlalithe • Ott of
treason is committed ;',limidkiiii
,nVie
tied can take place, ' auseation j t 4 o tOs
timon of two witneitioi,*,io ,s ame
overt ict, or on! eolliwcip 1 Oen,
vou i rt,l , ' 1 I W' l ..• '" '
, , ir - k.i ,
Ip is to he rpgre tine: ft pro-I
4 aa
visiOn.as tc., the place ,oT trial i cOn
atitiiti•inial, and ca not, nil any emer
gency,,' ' be, altered by,l.Congressl . byr a
j
change of venne.; In• general histir-•
rection, involving whele State s l and
distrias, and l imp re gnating the 'entire
population with t , e Araitoroni.l4,Ofiti
inept ;it is' impossi ble to convict the
leaders -of rebellie , AhroUgh he ill
b
st r One nt al ityl i of it ', jury. drawl ; from
such a! population! Even Ithe , ench 1
fees it's intlnence. The lexperience
oftheGovernmen in . relation to , the
stal l ° tiviun lawful and expeditions S
fitted out, againstther powers. Prove
thig' 'T , ! - ! . i ?, •
..r. • I
such
I.4utithe, alders and abettors of such
I traitors, in the loYal 1 Statia, niay;be
convicited; where law - and . solemn
II have undiminished I- force,. and
limiest consciences respcMcl. !I And
i there 'also, they may bp convicted, ac-
, cc,rdino• to the ()Pinion of C. 31. Mar
rt , II
. 4 • I , )
shall, I who are in league wi th tnecon
4,pixaters, and wifeltomrnit '
•acts in f,ur
thermce of itl, ii natter- how pantie
or ho w renuiti'.. This shoUld h !lk',
conk l idered b-1 t o l lie, if any there . be
among us, who may have joinedse cre t
societies or , associations; designed to
,
pro to secession, for secession slip
! porie by arms, lls treason as 'befOre
1 I ~ ~
3hot,Wll. ' 1
1 1 1 I I , I
Besides treason ;a 'nst the F ederal
GoVernment,this state has, defined and
prohibited under severe 'penalties ;Cer
tain treasonable acts,, as high Imisde
meihiers, which reache* - the cases et
aiders',, and abettors here; whomay-not
he "proved to be in league with Ake
tra'tors, . yet I are !engaged in 'giving
the l aid and l eornfort. , ! 'L s I
1 1 ,1
tifici i h d c il l to t tn °f e___Tli ; y thli t A h P e D il' OP, l l l 6 r i tm ' l o ; n ' t ,C , e co . r f - ;
State !reads as follows 1 .
I .11.* N cox 1
Supplementary tolAn Act, entitled OAn
1 1 l Revise '
amen 'i '
a i d to: consolidate n and .1
1 ,
rhe Penal Latbe of this . eimin on-, :1 ,
w i ealth,"qpp ro red 21iirchtl,', O. 1 . 1 '
—Be I I I ' I
SEc•nos 1, 1 e t enacted iby the &n='
ate and Rouse of '
; . presetntahve. oflthe
Coninionicealtli of I.rennsylvania iin Gi.en
eral Assembly inet and it is herebY enact
ed,6y t he au th orit y of the saine,'.llia, if
any person or perons,belonging to or
residing withing, t
its State! and; under:
Il
the; o.otectioi of ;is fawn..shalVtake a'
commission or eminnisaion's fr,:prdany
person,-,,State l bri tatio, or other one-,
emies .of this State or . the United
Suites of AmeriCal, or:who shall levy;
war against tins,Sote or Gove r nment
thereof, ornowingly o r willingly
shill aid or as sist any enemies, i open
war sgainst his State or the rifted
States by joiningitliph armies or by
enlisting, or proen.ping' f. or persuading
others to enliat, foi l that purpose,or, by
furniihing such inefnies with , arias or
aininUnition,. Or any qther articles fox
their paid and comfort; or by carrying
cnnt 'traitorous ;cbrresPoneence with
th4n! or she'll for m , 'or be in si Y*isp
1
i • 1" , ' 6 " ' 1 -'
t• 1 1 ' , 1 .
•. ~~~
. •~~: ..
N.
lIIMM
, I
5 , 1861
uNip
concerned' in foriningany conibinatiOn
Or plot or , leonspirac7, l , i for betray ing
this ;State or L ' the Unted , Sta s of
America into the, hands 'or tiowftr ',of
any foreign enemy, or any orga l iaid
or pretiended government engag In
resisting the laws of th United S tO,
- •
or shall,give , , , or send a intelli enee
to the'lenemies of this, tate,b l p ' oil the
United((Stafes Of -AM rice I, or halt
with intent to oppose, revent or 'sub
vert the goverment of this; State or
of the Finted States, endeavor piper
suede any person or persons from en
feringl the serviee of this State : in. Of
the U n ited States or from joininsfanY
volunteer, cotiqian.ylor -astiociation of
this State about being musteredlintO
service,: or shall use any threats or
Persuasions or offer any 'bribe, or .hold
eta any . hope of ' reivarip' a with like.in
tnt teiduce any per n or, persona
to abandon said 'service, or witlidraNV
from any volanteer company; or nsse-
Ciation already
_organised ' under the
plnws of this commonwenith, for that ;
urpose ; every person, so Offending
and being legally 'convicted:thereof,
shall be guilty,,of a high misdemeanor,
and shall be sentenced to undergo sol
itary imprisonment in thpenitentiarY
at hard labor, . for a ,term not exc eed)
ing ten 'years4 and; e fined d' in a spin '
not exceeding five thousand dollars or
both, at the d escretion of the court::
Provided, Th at this act, shall not; pro
hibit any citizen . fro m taking; or, re
ceiving civil commissions for •the.ae-,
knowlegement of deeds and' other' in- i
struments of. : writing : 1 • l' • ;"I
SEG-4os' 2. That if 'any Iperscrilor
persona • within this CommOnwcalth',
shall sell, build, - furniSh, construct ; al-1,
ter or *flout, or' Shalt aid or, assist , in
selling; : building, constructing,' `alter-!
ing or fitting ;out. any vtiF s2l er.vesiefs' 1
for the 'purpose of making. war or pri i -1
';‘, ateering, or other ptirpose.te he used'
in the service of anyperson or parties
Whatever, to make war on the Unite:Cl
iStates Il or America, or ,to I resist 'by i
, •
force oi...otherwise -the execution of
the laws' of United; Siates ' • Such per 7
Son or : persons shallbo gplltYcif a mis
demeanor; and on 'conviction thereof
shall be,•senteneed to tinderge solitary' ,
impilsonment, *the Penitentiary, at
hard labor, not exceeding i3n years,
and be fined' in a sum ' not exce e ding
ten thousand dollars,
.13r both;:sit,the
discretion of the 'court ' ,1J ' I`
,4, 1 .
[l. he court here commented I verbal
ly on the proVisionslof lie la*. I
j , ,
Aliens, .thengh not . citizens,' nor
hound :to perpetual Ali glance, ' Owe a
feniporery or local allegianee,l l ares•
idents,lSO long ' they. sojourn ,a mong
es,-in return fo the protection given
intlion by
,the laws. They are there
fore" liable : I to punishment. fer 'tree
ii.
son. 1 - : --, '• , : I; I,
Thu Grand . pry. will ' nndeHand.
t
that their oa t , ;requiring. 'them to
present'all elle bes which' have 'come
to their knowle dge and which I they
' know to ' be pre s entable here,' 'obliges
them to presen ! F all such, treasonable
practices as th t State 'law just ;read
'i
pkohibits., • i ' ' ll' 1
Lte
.1 We rejoice t !think hoWever,l that,
we have no -traitors in our midot.—
The late eVents l bring:hp? i tObold re
-4 I . ? '-'' 1: ' . n •
lief, the duties of good, citizens doubt
less hiiVe: cleared up the minds ofiliany,
who had not before seen, fully, the .dis—
thictien ever to be kept in sight, ~be
tweet), loyal allegiance to the: I(ievern-
Ment. which proteyts u l s ; andltbsiti ad- ,
mitted right, to dialer with; it in niiin2 i
ion, as t o
the mode; and pulley 1 upon 1
ikinch ' its•affairs shOul ' bead Minister-
il
I l' I
- ed in a timeof peace. ' I
The'
,ditTerenee ' hotw i een the right, l
of a Government to exist, and its Mere;
'Measures and policy, is palpable ; when
as tiouT itl4,brought directly to tie W, i
by the! capture of its forts by an arm-.I
i
ed foree ' and (by' the prCsence Of . urge;
Urmie4; a cting under ;the commaud of ;
4,g,elf ronstitutt4; confederaeY 'claim- I
big to ,[inipplant,it. T e minds •Of all
intelligent•eitizenc at nee i,iritsil : the
Ithought, and they no 1 nger , !Stand off'
as partizans, but enter the ranks •of
i t!ie loYal, deterinined AO maintain its ,
existence, and uphold its autherib-.- 1 7 -1
Henceithe sudden outb r iirst of military
enthusiasm from the, nks,;pi• all par-,
ties, front Maide ,to kinnesota, and
front Xieleware to KanSas. I :'
The confused ,thoughts ; centering
around the term "coercion," so inten
used and :abused ; are dissipated at
Once by such plain facts, as the eitpkri
,
lion of rebels cannon, and the m rch-
Mg of itheir armies into ;the < fie d. '; 2
SO long as secession Was confined _46
taper , resolies the spirit;-,of ;fraternal
indness pleaded forbearanees ;1 and
coercion by the 'Strong arin of; force
bras ;deprecated. ,' But, , - when ;a nen
governinent is fully or ganized, , C aim
ingi.
jurisdiction and supplanting, fed-I
;rat authority ; in Seven', States, ;ailing,
rinierrintothe field, and bfithe 'Can
non's ':mouth; proclainiing thati, tAts
Federal Government no longer "cixists
in those States ; coercion, it," is peen,
ineans, l nothing more than the texer,-
4se offederalautharity, to put down
, id;bellion in lits I highest and 'plait
' ;Li:inning' form: I Forbearance is -no
longerla virtue, but is 4implyaeouiee
pence' in the usurpation and su mis
, SSion; tO the loss !of authority, and. of
existence itself in the rebell State--
s.
The claim ;of such' rebels
_lto lt let
alone, as desiring only peaCe is 'sim
ply absurd;; and; ust means ;that re
bellion ask the '4utherity, ;it Nis. si
lence tolbe quiet, and to let it TiVe up
on gold terms with; the government
it has robbed of Some of its ;members
and its ;property, and to Suffer !_t, to
establish'as a precedent the :rig ht 'of
any ;State, to disobey as" it chOoses;
the laisful authority it had fully trans
-, ; ' ,• '' IL '
lIMEM
-?;
feared: [The intellig ent andthe pa
triotict at once recoi l' from each u con- .
elusion, So unsound; ,and destructiVe.
Then, let tS tl fotfsln be eherished.- 1
tot it be folded to the heart{ as dear
er than life itself But while it. thus
has, full ‘Nray, there is onel.plirectiorr
it sometimes takes,- leading fatal
errors, against Which it is my duty.to I
raise a warning voice. Death to traie,
ors is the law of the land . ; bat itxbe-'
comes a sentiment, so overwhelming
at timeEi amonir, the masses, await s
not the forms of trial,ar*the ilegal'ex-
ccution of the sentence Tbe - halter
!won the lanip-pOst may ! will'symhol-1
ize 'the fate which - !treaSoni deserves
bat 'should never become 4.hemeans of
its iorecipitation or the ' signal of mob
violence.' The spirit .or= law lessness,
no matter how patriotic its s ource, is I
ever to be repressed, as -the l.'n-orst, of
all forms of tyranny. - Whet* it runs
up the halter ; swings - the applies
- the torch, or empties the tar" bucket,
it is to be discontena#ced and! s'appress
ed. • It is often erring and unjust ;
confounding innocence with gulit;
mistaking the degree, of crime, and in+.
'Meting disproportionate.; pnnishment.
Let the Ifire of Patriotisni, kin dle - -up
on the aitar of liberty, burn Ibrightly .
and steadily ; but let itf net ,fitfully
shoot-out tongue!, of ;strange flame,
consuming where it shonld ipreserve,
and firing the.temple itself, in which
it is lighi •
. .I" - ' 57- - .
Ai l , -,0LOOT: '
A finaEwlottrisos ) oT Tz 1
hiliO THE REilms.— The_{
-quEssia DE-
he I Washington 1
National Rtzu4lican , says ;‘,
"We have heard. reliably from Sen
ator Johnson as late as the 14th ult.,
when he - was sixty miles I west of
Knoxville; on his canvass . of *the - State
Which Votes on the Bth' of 'June upon
the question of secession, Mr.. 'John
son and his friends were, at [that date
hopeful: .1 The - passage rorCt he w Ordi.
Fiance of secession by the; Legislature
proves nbthing, as that body Dias been
In session from the Start: At 'Knox
ville the , Union men *ere firiti as ov
er. The nomination of a , Union can
didate for governor, Mr. Ca m p bell, by
Ale eonV4ntion•presided over, IV Wil
liam H. golk, 'brother of thel late Pres -
plent, ha s given animation' to that
cause.. 1 ri he , election of 'Governor
it)
,m'es I III
a t.
I - "The s• vle bk. ),.tr. Johriso'n canvass
ing mad l;'e judged of frbni ;the coin-
of his speech 'at Cleveland`,Cleveland`, ennessee, where threats dgainst him
tid‘ been largely 'indulged in. He
Id ,the 'crowd that he "did not come
erdlo l:re shot but to sho4," that if
here was to' be' a fight, helAnd his
Ii )
friends W,ere ready for it, and that he
preferred fo'finish up the fighting be
-1
bre making his speech. Nob, ody com
ng forward to fight, the intrepid Sen
tor,proeeeded to speak, and by the
iine he had finished, Inineteen-twen
ths
oll he
f i lie m au:d a ie m n o c n e g * v er t e he n i lt t h hi h n i g m s .
i ie etold
that, Je ff. Davis and the Governor of
the State. ought -to 'be hanged, and
Would be hanged at thatcnot far 'dis
tant period when thejudicial power
Of the government could, be brought
10 heart Upon them." " I
A Noii,E SPIRIT' .—The' Philadelphia
l' f I
ispatlvnirrates this i 1 , -
... 1
1 "A. ,-4Po• man in one of he coin
: --i 11 ,
l t i lies in I.the interior of the Statewas
instrumental in formingj a. Cpmpany,
which I Was accepted ..: On being in
ispected, at Harrishurg.this young man
',Was refilled, a commission; on account
I
of acdefect In one of his eye. When
his flite !Was made_ known to him he
burst into tears, in, which the compa
-1 ny Pietty generally jeined, fur- he was
'd univ - ...rsal favdrite with all of thena.
r.gtit fist leuten'ant; with Via:
mm
he
the t does'him credit; stepped for-'
ward and Iresig,ned:h is coannission,and
? ti nt s i e n i Li
e t e t d d h
i i
i s n l a r n i ;d ou r:T y t , h 4 I:l t o h s e t . s l p v
o h t o
he lieutenant pow carries 'a musket;
at t heHfacts were 'made known to'
SecretasTlClttneron,who lt , io no doubt
,s6e that sack-:a spirit is in it's proper
sher 4." !•. ' ' ' I i
i, 1
~ 1 - • _ 1
4111.'
I'*4 at 'the present time Cairo
occupying a prominent Ssition in,,
e patlieirnind. ' This war may make.;
met 'mg of it.:—nothing else. ever.'
' . he troops at 'present there are
aving a busy time of it. I\ in :addition i
IT. ;watching the Southerners, they
awe to'keep their eyes skinned for a
igifreShet, which is now . raging in
thelltiiisiisipp4 The freShetl will pro
hablyil6.4 some weeks,- ns the "June
Wash'! h.as yetTito'eorne. 1 With a first
class ;freshet , the Southerners would
have !their` hands full all fdong the
*issii,ippi, without tryfingl to pay
much; i attention to lighting. ; It might
,)
also su merge Cairo,,afid the' Federal
troops `i-oald _have to 'beat;; la retreat
, , i
or def nd themselves from the house
-
t ps a the,water rises' It' the place
i . ever to be held as l a. permanent mil
-1 ry imst, - as !t, dOubtless Should - be,
i,over i nniiint w!li have to do with it as
they ;do `with ,I, blocks of buildings: in
Chicago;=jack lit. up.--Chicado' ea.
,1
nes..HeinrS - Winter Davis, while .h
as dkkliering his great-Union speech
i nnedlately alter his I noninution for
I , ongTeSS, on the 25thiutt., in the city
cif, Ballinore, AVas interrupted by a
little iiirl,
.Ivhco held irk her; hand a
(slue Orfigicerir, decorated by a min
i ture flag. She approached him and
aid, ;‘ Sir, accept, this ;`'h wish, you
ind tl e r 'i.rnion to blossom ferever, as
ihi4 b qUel is[ here." - ' , The 1 incident
ii
lieitei
t ent. I
-1
, if 1
he wil
dent shoats and excite
SS
E.5TA8...4 - .s.ii Fp: 1g01:
Making History, 1
Atditever may be the result of out
present struggle, the future hi s torian-
will have to record these - fiiCts 4 .
.1. • That: o 'rebellion - was ever
fOie inaugurated wherein the 00 - 424Piz.
ratora. could dot even pretend that
one of them had been damaged in er
son or estate by i the GovernMent they'
sought to overthrow. •
2.• That , then - was never before I it.
rebellion whereof the main impulse
was devotion I t? Iltiinan Agavery.L.,
.I . feb have conspired and rebelled for
every kind of libefty. but the liber
of enslaiing their felloW men:
3. That never before, id a str g
Governmentale a rebellion to .p o
f
ceed for months,' T a edrdtif of i ste 1; ,
ing money, ais, munitions, arqed it; .
armories, &c.,proceeding: from iinv s:
ting to bombarding its most imp re
taut' fhrtreoses,l and us urping the .01F,
lea t
ing orevepue nver,one-third _of •
it's ,country, before raising a' regiment
~
or tiring-a gun in the defenSe :of its
rights : 1 ' - I- ' - ---
4. That Tic% er before did Twen y
Millions lof peOple. so long absor
in the arts of peace that they h‘d filz
most forgotton that of War, spring Ito'
'arms with,sd general . dn . ' alacrity, !so
heartyll enthusiasm, as did those I; of,"
.
,our pa tri ot ic 'Staies upon receiving
news of ithe duptire of Snmtfir and -
the President's ' Pfeclamatidn ItheM : .
upon, 1i , 4 i
5: That neL r er till. now was a GoV
min
'
eent' emb assed, perplexed, hy:
the duty tif Acepting some an 4 reject-.
'ting other o the - rec , iments I rds d,
equipped and tendered7for its dOfen e,
eager Co serve lon. its ONVII terms fill t e'
end of the war.' _ ' : i ,
.•
I . U, , That no Adirlinisfriticiii; s e
-1,.
needing to an empty treasury an in
adeqiiateasegenue, a demoralized pill
lie seryva. 'demoralized throng,* tr&i.: •
son at ilobbeiy , perpetrated ek'y the
late Cabinet itiiiisters—never till nOw
found the people'pressing millions I(4
dollirs upon di, on its own terms, --- iind
insisting that t`should takd"innout
and never borrow trouble, wit4-Mg ci.
to its finanees l = .' "', I I
`—So muchiat
..
least' is seeure.L—
-' Whatever Mai
hapen, this cannot liet
iaitisayed.And now, if 'the Repub.- '
lic is allowed to go down,, : it Will not
be, th? fault of the peofile.,--N.
,Y.
Tribune. , 1 • . , z .
e . in itnerviAdt
"' A Hero'
A gentleman just arrived in tits city .
1 from linexvil 6. l Tennessee: , brings in ,
Ctelligence pc ffairs in that city. .Ife
; informs us t at 2,5009 Seces4idniSts
1 are stationed there, , for the •Ixprnss'
.
parpose of ov rawing the - Union tt413.:
lit is a part ofltheir bosiness ttiengalges•
in quarrels in saloons i and iic street
I fights,with alll who are not frieredlyfta
1 secession. Two men were slot Init.
week for no other offence than' spenk
ing words of oyalty to the !F'edtital
4ovottiment.F
The house pf the celebrand i bolld-
I hearted and out-spoken nirsonßrotin
, IoW, is the only one in Knoxville. off` er
which the Stars and. Stripes titteffdat-7
I ing. A few• days ago! two armed Se:
I . eessioniSts w nti at 6 o'clock) lb the
morning, to aul dbwn the Stars_; find
IStripes. Ifi BrOwnlow, a !brilliant
1 them
on
Indy of twenty-three, saw them
on the )iaiza, nd Stepped out find 4e
mantledthen.' usiness. They replied
1 that.they ha 'come to "take _d0,3711
them d—n Stars and Stripes:" She
• instantly dreW 'a revolver _from her „
' side, and presenting it, said, I . 1
"Go on,!'rin' good for one of you
; and I think fo i ; both :" ,
1.• ''.By the 10 . ks of that . erre eyes
,she'll shoot," one remarked?
,II think
we'd better not, try it; we'll go-back
and get more men, ' said the clher.
‘rGo and, get more men," spid 1i , ..
noble lady; -g l et_ more men and cithe'
and take it down, if you dare !". '
'They returned with •n• con4nn3 of
ninety armed men, and deznanded teat
the flag should' be hauled down. 1.3 ut
on discovering that the house was fill
ed ,With "gallat t men, armed' to the
teeth who would rather die tWdetAi•ly
• as ,tossibla thalf•-• see 'their' equntrY t ;
tla:I di• , holicred, the Sece.ssionistsc 2 ,
c .
1 : 1 •C h 01l intl
r in "Ormant lefilinoxvi le;
11:- ` c s' cud Stripes still Boated• to'
• tice I;recze -or. r .Parson Brownitrff't
hi)ll.4e. , Long May they wave.--PClca,
f p, Ti•thune,. .I - • 1 : 1 .
tar From a rivate letter front he
Hon. P. P. B 1 ir , Jr of St. Lotri-.411)6
""expect t I be in Washingtoulat
the meeting o Congress I do‘ttot,be
lieve it Will is eins long to put down
the' Secessionl.,ts 'of Missonri. , 4 II :Ley
- ere-very boisterous and brave till.re
struck, them a blow; on the 10,th ult.,
since which they have cooled dtrith-to
zero. I expect them to . make .cOni
plete sUbmission. in a - month at -far
thest. ;I shall then go wherevei• nll ,
i
regiment s, ordered,. but expect tq
obtain leavei of absence for the extra
session of COngress, which I pretnipne
will not last beyond two Weeks, and
afterward join )the regiment." 1 l• ,
,
1
;;DEFENCES OF NEW ORLEANS.-X 1 y. ,
Or Monroe, of Now Orleine, has •d.
dressed a special message to the Corn mon Council of,that eitY, urging ilia
importance of taking immediate meas•
ures-to protee New Orleans
1 1
- fripm'in
undation by, t e construction of VON'
levees. 1 Ho apprehends that the dy •ic's
may be opened and LouiSiatut &low reed
out before this war is over. • i,' r
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