II II II Bi
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A. A. BARKER, Editor and Proprietor.
.TODD IIUTCIIiafSON, Publisher.
I WOtJLD RATHER BE RIGHT THAN PRESIDENT. Hbsbt Cut.
TERMS- IER AIVIVUM.
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III II Hi ll 31 II SI I till
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VOLUME 5.
THE ART OF MONEY" GETTING.
fiarnum's Advlce and Practical
Suggestions to Persons Desi
rous of Achieving Fortunes.
The art of Money-Getting is a subject
which must, to some extent, interest all
taen. Au ; empty pocket is a most un
wholesome possession,' and avowedly the
"worst of crimes;" he, therefore, who is
able to devise ways and means to suc
cessfully counteract the malady is a great
public benefactor. P. T. Barnum, the
Prince of Shopmen, who latterly has
turned lecturer, proves himself a public
benefactor by letting fall the following
wise and timely suggestions :
MEANNESS NOT ALWAYS ASSOCIATED
WITH WEALTH.
Money is the key that opens all doors,
the power that removes all obstacles, and
that procures everything worth having in
this world. It is a mistaken idea with
most people that meanness is always
associated with the possession of wealth.
The wealthiest men have always been the
greatest philanthropists. Benjamin Frank
lin is an instance. Ho was always very
much interested in money getting, and
wrote a great deal about the ait, bat he
was also a great philanthropist. Stephen
Girard look at his munificence; he was
a true benefactor. As there are sometimes
buses in religion and politics, so you may
find abuses of money getting. ' There are
misers among money getters, butlhey are
an exception to the general rule.
MIAN MEN DO NOT ALWAYS MAKE MONs
It is not, as some suppose, every one
who gets money that is a miser; only a
portion" of them are miserly, because it is
a most difficult thing for misers to get
money. It is not an easy thiug for a mean
iaan to make money. Such a man ought
not to make money, because he cannot
enjoy it himself, nor does it give enjoy
ment 10 anybody else. I remember hearing
of an Eastern man who, having accumula
ted money by his meanness, upon one
occasion was invited by a gentleman to
dioe with him. He sat dows at the table,
and being accustomed to diue from a
single joint, he expected no more there.
He helped himself very liberally at the
first course, and when the second came he
found reat difficulty in partaking of it,
but when the third and- fourth courses
came, he sank back in despair, and in
reply to his friend's pressing invitation to
fat, replied "I can eat no more victuals,
ut I will take the rest in money!" I
remember meeticg an Englishman iu
Paris, a miser, who would never go out
except with some one who had an inter
preter with him, because he was too mean
to pay for one himself. One day, however, j
te went out alone, and when ue rcturuea
he told me his adventures. He went
outside the walls of Paris to get his dinner,
became he heard that he could get it
cheaper there than in the city. In relating
Hisadventures he said, "I was unfortunate.
lave tiot been able to get my diuner."
"What was the trouble," said I. "Well,"
says he, "I had, a little smattering of
French, and I went into a restaurant to
pet my dinner. I asked the servant to
brinme some potage, but he didn't under
hand me. I told him I would try some
fish, in French oissont but he hesitated
he didn't wish to buy me poison.. Hap
pening to pronounce the word correctly,
ie understood me, and asked me what
iind of fish I wanted. I told him turbot,
tut pronounced it in' such an ambiguous
manner, that he brought nic a boot-jack.
I told him I didn't want that, and,- seeing
ibe servant growing impatient, as a last
resort, I asked him for some roast beef.
He brought it, and now says I, 'As every
Englishman wants horse radish with his
Toast beef, I must have some'. But what
" horse radish in French 1 horse, elieval,
fed or reddish f rouge cJteval rouge then
nast be the French for horse radish; so
lie asked the garcon for some cheval rouge,
hut the servant mistaking him, and think-
g he was cal.ing the roast beet" red
horse, kicked him without ceremony into
the streets "On another occasion, a miser
" New York fell overboard, when an
Iruhmpn, wrho was standing by, jumped
jn. and dragged him ashore, thus saving
s life- The miser, seeing his benefactor
yeing him askance, as though he. was
pectiug something, put his hand into
ui pocket and handed the Irishman a
wxpence! "Are you t-atisfied asked
we mUer. The Irishman eyed him for a
hle, and said : "Be jabers, I think l am
9Terpaid."
MONEY MAKING IS NOT DIFFICULT. !
..A general rule it is not a difficult
thp to make money. .It is about as
licipie at anything .'else, but I have uo
EBENSBTJRG, PA., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1864.
doubt that' my auditors will testify tj the
truth, that though it is easy to make it is
difficult to keep that is the great trouble.
Dr. Franklin said the road to wealth was
plain as the road to a: mill ; ' it consists
simply in spending less than you earn."
Mr. Micawber, one of the happy creations
of Dickens, says, "To have an income of
1000 per annum, and to speud 1100,
is to be the most miserable of men;
whereas to have an income of -100 and
to spend 99, is to be the happiest of
mortals." The trouble is we don't like to
hear anything about this old story. Every
man says "economy is wealth.' Wc know
all about that, but the great misfortune is,
in almost every commuuity there is a large
class of people who suppose they under
stand economy, but who really do not.
Instead of being a principle which perme
ates their whole financial existence, at any
rate always looking from the meaus to the
cod, many persons look instead at one
thing only, and eternally quibble about
this one thing. On account of their
economy in this, they are very extravagant
in others. The old lady in the couutry
farm house is very economical at night in
the use of light. She uses but one tallow
candle, and is so strictly economical in
tallcw candles, that she loses much valua
ble information which she might have
obtained; and on the strength of having
saved in a year four or five dollars by this
management, can go down to the village
and sp?nd ten, fifteen, twenty or thirty
dollars for trifles and gimcraAs, because
she is economical, and "economy is
wealth."
FALSE AND TRUE ECONOMY COMPARED.
There are many merchants in business
who fancy they are economical because
they are" sparing in the use of writing
paper. They lose sometimes hundreds of
dollars' worth of valuable figures, for the
purpose of economizing so many cents'
worth of paper. Thus is the old story of
the bunghole and spigot illustrated.
Punch, who 3ometimes says some very
good things, once remarked, "a man once
bought a penny herring, and hired a coach
aud four to carry it home for him." - There
are persons who, in spite of this, do not
know why they cannot make both ends
meet. I recommend to people who have
a tolerable salary, to get a little account
book and mark down every penny expen
ded just for three months, three months
will be sufficient, and post off every
week. Have two columns, one headed
"necessaries," and the other "luxuries or
unnecessary expenses." . The last column
will often prove to be double or ten times
the former. This evil, by this contrivance,
will correct itself. You will see where
the trouble lies. Some people fancy that
economy consists in being mean cuttiug
off a penny from their laundress' bill, and
in screwiug down the wage3 of their
servants. That is not economy. That is
meanness. Economy consists in being
liberal, but liberal according to your
ability. The great trouble in this country,'
more than in any other, is in having three
ur four classes mingling promiscuously.
Here we are all on an equality. This
may have its abuses. Of course wo are
all born to be Presidents, every one of us;
we know we are, aud therefore wc can
say, "I am as good as you are, any day.""
lint here is jour fortunate neighbor who
i3 worth 500,000, and who can afford hie
coach and horses, because he is economical
on an income of 30,000 a year, while
you, with an income of SS0O or 1000, get
your hoise and carriage, and strive to be
equal with him. If you cannot afford a
horse ani carriage, you hire a horse and
buggy, and try to make people believe
you own them. We are trying to seem
what we are not that is the trouble.
Whcu the rich man's wife comes out, the
poor man's wife must have her silks and
velvet. She must do that to the detriment
of her children at home. Every city is
full of this kind of people.' No person
has common sense who attempts to pretend
to afford more than he can. I recollect
last year, a 6tovepipo in my office happen
ing to fall down, I sent for a man to put
it up. A gentleman dressed in broadcloth
shortly afterward came in, and said he
wished to see me. "You sent for me to
htvA th stovenine rjut uo." said he." "I
won't let you do it," said I. "The man
who U above nutting on overalls to put up
a stovepipe,. nW be starving his family
to preserve falso appear.aDces. . I won't
patronizo you won't have bucu a aian.
Sometime afterwards, having sent lor a
servant, T was told a lady wished: to ce
me. I went down, and there was a lady
with a thirty or forty dollar shawl on, and
other extravagances in dress. I put my
best bow on, not much at any time, and
asked, "What can I do for you?" Sayg
she, "Sure an I heard you wanted a laun
dress, an' I've come for the place, sure."
It's all wrong, the whole thing, but it runs
through every community. It is this
artificial sort of living that causes more
misery than anything else, except, perhaps,
evil propensities, intemperance, vice' or
bad habits. :
J - young men should select A congenial
BUSINESS.
.The best plari and the one surest of
success,'I think, is to have every young
man, when he starts in business, select
that business which best suits his natural
genius. .Now, phrenologists tell us, and
we know it ourselves, that there is -as
great a difference in the formation of lhe
brain as in that of the face. We are each
created fur some wise and different purpose..
Some boya are natural mechanics, while
others have not the slightest idea on
these subjects, and have no taste for them.
For my part. I never had the slightest
curiosity to know anything about mechan
ics. I would not know to-night the prin-
L ciples on which the steam-eugine works
for a hundred dollars. You may take
such a boy as I was and set him to watch
making, and after seven j-ears he might
be able to take apart and put together a
watch, but it would be contrary to his
inclination and up-hill work all his life.
But if he selects the vocation he is fitted
for, it is a pleasure, and nothing for him
to succeed and make money. It is difficult
to go across the grairr You will find
from the pulpit to the anvil many people
who have mistaken their avocation. Get
them on the right track, and they would
succeed.- Sometimes persons will get on
the right track, and yet not succeed, be
cause they may be placed in too circum
scribed a position in some village or town
where they cannot get full play for their
faculties. A man iu this case should get
out where he is uot so circumscribed.
THE LONDON SIIOWMAX.
. I remember a case. Once in London,
on passing down Hobern, we passed by a
place where some small shows were loca
ted, many shanties with placards stuck
up, misrepresenting the wonderful curiosi
ties to be seen within for a penny. Well,
being a little in that line myself, I said to
my friend, let us go iu and see this. We
made our way through the rabble, and
soon found ourselves with theFhownian
the sharpest geniu3 of tho kind I ever
met with. After drawing our attention
to certain other monstrosities, he called
our attention to the "illustrious gallery
of wax statues," pointing to about fifteen
miserable dust-covered wax figures, which
had becu there, perhaps, since the deluge,
and had never seen water since that epoch
"Sir," says he, "these were taken from
life. You can easily imagine you are
looking upon the living persons."
Glancing casually, I saw one labelled
"George the Fourth," a loan, lank indi
vidual. "That was taken from life?"
"Ye sir," said the showman, "that, sir, is
probably the only correct statue of his
late majesty. That was taken at Wind
sor Palace at such a day," and I suppose
had I pressed the inquiry he would have '
1 .1 i . iiiri If i t 1
nuiutu me very uour. v ny, saia x,
"I thought George the Fourth was a large,
portly man, not lean and lank, as thi.
represents him to be." "Yes," replied
he, "and you would be loan and lank if
you had set there as long as -he has." ,'
We examined and cross-examined him,
and he was always too much for us, and I i
gave up in uespair. wu waining oui, iuc ,
fellow followed us to the door, and seeing
the rabble there, he called out "I beg to
draw your attentiou to the respectable
character of tuy business," pointing to us.
1 thought that man was iu his sphere,
but in too circumscribed a position. I
called on him again, and I took him out
of this limited sphere to New York, and
he is now a traveling showman, one of
the richest in the West.
"PAY AS YOU GO"."
If you would make money, avoid debt,
personal debt. "1 have discovered the
philosopher's stone," said John llandolph,
on one occasion, 4;l'ay as you go !" That
is a'nearer approximation to the philoso
pher's stone than has ever bceu attained
by the alchemist. Some young men just
out of their teens, you will hear boasting
that "so and so trusted, me to a suit of
clothes, another person to a pair of boots,
and another person a hat," endeavoring
to get credit for the trust reposed in them,
and vain to show their standing. They
look at these debt? as though they were
gifts, and the trouble is they too often are
gifts. Yet they keep on in this habit of
debt, drawing on the bank which may not
be op?
"tomorrow. SSo man na3 a
Tif tn draw on the Juture occause it
i .- . . a. .
" . h mill he becomes a slave
to debt all bis iife. Ii would be better to
have a cannon ball chained to his leg a.l
his day. There U no class oi men in
the world so roinarkablo or tenacity of
memory , as creditors. Frsiuklin said,
"CrsditOM are a superstitious sect, but are
great admirers of set days and tiojes."--One
of the good-things comiug out of this
war i a mou axclusive cash business.
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Avoid debt; wear the old coat a little
longer, till you can earn a new one.
Money is good, but it is not the best thing
in the world Money is in many respects
like tire, a very excellent thing to have,
but it ruins a great many people, injures
many. Some people become the slaves
instead of the masters of money. If you
get in debt you are a slave, and money is
master. While you are sleeping, the
interest is accumulating. It has the
advantage of you. But get ahead, get
your nest-egg, and while you are sleeping
it is working for you.
PERSEVERANCE NECESSARY TO SUC
CESS. .Men calculated to succeed, must lay
down plans with judgment; and when
tbey have done so, and looked at the end
from the beginning, then persevere, don't
be afraid. Perseverance is an element
of success which every man is not born
with, but which can be cultivated. How
ever cautiously you may lay down your
plans, there is no man that has 'not exi
gencies to arise which he did not foresee;
and when these specks appear upon the
horizon, a man with no perseverance
imagines night is near at hand. He
strugle3 till he nearly touches the gold ;
but owing to this speck, he despairs. Now J
bhakspcure says :
There is a tide in the affairs of men.
Which, taken at tho flood, leads on to fortune;
but a man don't jret these chances 'often. J
aud very likely the flood-tide of your
prosperity is when you get nervous and
leave all go. Davy Crockett said : "Be
sure you're right, then go ahead." lie
member fortune only favors the brave.
Yu must not stand, like-Micawber, wait
ing "till something turns up ;" fur that will
be a poor-house. . A philosopher once said
to a millionaire : "I have got an idea.
I have discovered that there is money
eutmgh iu theworld for U3 all. The fact
is, you have got enough to ruin your
children, and I have none at al'. I am
going to announce this fact, and we will
have a general distribution all around."
Said the millionaire, "That is very pleas
ant to you, but you would spend all your
portion in thref months." "Oh ! then,
we would divide again," said thophiloso
pher. That is a state of things not to be
expected nor desired, and every man
should depend on hi own exertions.
Cromwell was right when he said to his
soldiers, "Trust in God, but keep your
powder dry." It is said that Mahomer,
when marching through the desert, heard
one of his subjects say, "I will loose my
came' and trust to God." "Xo, no," said
Mahomet, "not so, tie thy camel and trust
to God." You muhelp yourselves. I
hold, a man. to be successful mast depend
on his own personal exertions, and there
is not one chance in one million if he does
not depend ou those. The eye ot the
employer is worth more than a dozen
hands working for him. You cannot tiust
to others. By a man's attending to his
own business, there are a thousand advan
tages. He gets to learn all the details of
business, the laws of supply and demand,
every minutia of his business. Theped
ler once said, when cheated, "I have
gained some information by it; I shall
never be cheated in that way again."
rERSONAL ATTENTION NECESSARY TO
PROFICIENCY. .
Every man should, by constant personal (
attention to his occupation, be prohcient
as the great French naturalist Cuvier was
in the science of Natural History. From
a single bone, or small ssction of a bone,
reasouing by analogy, he could draw a
perfect picture of tho entire auimal, tho'
he might never have seen it. On one
occasion, wishing to frighten he natural
ist, a man encased in tho skin of a cow
came into hij study. "What animal i3
this?'' asked Cuvier. . "I am the devil,
and I am going to cat you up," responded
the strange animal. Perhaps this might
be, but Cuvier, being a naturalist, very
naturally wished to classify him. Looking
intently at him, "divided hoof," said he,
"graminivorous. It can't be done." He
understood Natunl History, and knew
that animals with divided hoofs must live
on grain, and were not inclined to eat
meat dead or alive, and he was safe. If
every man knew hi? business as well as
this, he would close all avenues to being
cheated.
BOLDNESS NECESSARY, AS WELL AS CAU
TION. .
Among the maxims of the elder Itoths-J
child was the paradox, "Be cautious and
bold." This is a correct maxim. It
requires great caution in laying plans, but
it requires great boldness, at times, to put
them into execution. A man who is all
caution cannot' succeed, because he is
afraid; a man all boldness, on the contrary,
is merely reckless. He cannot succeed.
He may, by his bolduess, make a fortune
on stocks to-day, but he will lose it to
morrow. It is mere recklessness; "there
is no reason to govern it. He must be
cautious and bold. Another of llothschild's
maxims was, "Have nothing to do with
unlucky men or places." Every effect is
produced by some cause. It a man is
known to be ahrays unlucky, you may
depend upon it, although you may not be
able to fathom it, there is a good reason
why that man does not succeed, or else he
would not be unlucky. So in regard to
unlucky places. Man after man takes
a certain place and fails. There is some
thing about that locality why you should
avoid it.. I believe we. should avoid all
men and locations which are perpetually
esteemed, from experience, as being unfor
tunate. Some young men, when they get thro'
their apprenticeship, fold their arms andj
say, "I am not going to work as journey
man. I understand my trade. I am going
into business when I can got capital to
start. They fol Jheir arms in idleness,
instead of workOg at their trade to make
capital to start. They are wailing for
some rich old fool (for he'would be a fool)
to lend them capital; but they would not
succeed had they the capital, because they
do not know ita value. A man must earn
his money before he knows the value of
it. The chances are, if he got the money,
he would lose every dollar. John Jacob
Astor used to say that he fouud more
difficulty in acquiring the first thousand
dollars ot his fortune than he did all ihe
rest, because the discipline that was
required taught him the. true .value of
money, and how to use it, and then led
him oa to make the rest of the money.
MISTAKES OF YOUNG MEN.
Some young man says," "I am going
into business when old grandmother dies"
but old people are very unaccommoda
ting, and never di3 till they get, ready.'
When men of wealth die, worth half a
million, - with ' five or six children,-ihe
three eldest, who have probably helped
hira to make his money, have learned the
value of money, find with their portion
will be successful, if temperate; but the
other little fellows, five, six or seven years
of age, ara brought up and pvtted On the
back all the way till they are twenty one.
Born with a golden ppooa in their uiouths,
they are sent to college, and the chances
are that betore thev ret through there
they will be poor, miserable drunkards.
When they come to their fortune, they
know nothing ot the value of money, and
run-through the whole of it, contracting
all sorts ot bad habits" besides. Money to
the latter is a great evil. It is bad to
leave money to children unless they know
how to earn it, and therefore know its
value. Young men, waiting for these
things to turn up, look about you through
the country, and you will find that more
than three-fourths of the rich men started
life where you arc now with empty
hands, determined resolutions, and good
habits. They went on and made their
own fortunes; and how much plcasanter
for you to do the same thing, and look
back and say, "I made my fortune by my
own industry," than to be under obliga
tions to any one. It is the only way to
acquire a fortune so as to be able to enjoy
it. .
THE IMPORTANCE OF SYSTEM.
Men should be systematic in their bus
iness. The man who docs his business
by rule will accomplish more in half the
timeihanhewho does it in a slipshod man
ner. There is a great deal in this, and
yet there are limits to it as well as - to
every rule. There should be a happy
medium between too rigid a system, and
carelessness.' Some are so systematic and
careful that they put away things, where
neither they nor any one else cau find
theni. lied tapeism is wrong. The
Astor House, many years ago, before your
noble Continental Hotel was built, was
considered the finest in the country in
every respect. It stiod number one, and
the proprietors boasted that they did
everything systematically. By merely
touching a bell, every employee of the
house came with a bucket of water in
hand. On one occasion two gentlemen
were to dine, and an Irishman was to wait
on them. Everything was to be system
atic. Orders were given to the Irishman
to be attentive to first bring each a plate
of soup ; after they had eaten that, and
wanted fish, he could, find it at a certain
place. The gong struck, and the two
gentlemen came in. Pat brought each a
plate of soup, but they set that aside and
asked for. some fih. Says Pat, "Not
till you have ate your 'soup !" This was
carrving svstcm to far. .
Archbishop Purcell, of Cincinnati,
says, in an address (just published) to the
clergy and laity of his dioceso : "We
go, with our whole heart 1 and soul, for
the maintenance of the Union aud the
abolition cf : slavery." ' Sound, orthodox
doctrine. - 1 ; '
NUMBER 22.
Educational Department.
AU communications inttnded for thi column
thould be addressed to " The Alley haniaa."1
The Problem. We have been reading
the debates of the late convention of Co.
Superintendents on the grade of Teachers'
Certificates. Whatever else may bo.ia
dispute, it is apparent that a large portion
of our schools are kept (would it-be right
to say taught ?) by incompetent persons.
This may be a humiliating fact, but it is
nevertheless true. .,
As a remedy, it is proposed to grant no
certificate of a lower grade than that de
noted by the figure 3. We are unable,
for our part, to see how this will help tho
matter. It is an entirely gratuitous as
sertion to say that if certificates below a
certain grade be refused to applicants,
they will qualify themselves sufficiently
to obtain those which are of a higher
order. If other means of obtaining a
livelihood were not accessible, then such an
assertion might hold good, Humbly
seated here in our sanctum, . in this back
woods Mountain county, we yen lure, to
suggest that if any of the speakers at the
Harrisburg Convention fully comprehen
ded the difficulty of obtaining competent .
teachers, they failed to make their com
prehensions manifest in their speeches.
The matter of dollars and cents has
more to do with this difficulty than it gets
credit for. The State has undertaken th
education of its youth, and having pro
gressed thus far, it finds itself without u
sufficient number of competent teachers
to take charge cf the public Echools.
Why is this ? and how will it be reme
died ? It would be a sorry compliment to
say that our school system, after being in
operation for more than a quarter of a
century, has not turned out a sufficient
number of persons competent to take
charge of our schools. The evil, we
think, is not here. It lies, rather, in the
fact that the teachers' calling does not
offer enough inducement to entice per
sons of sharp intellect away from other
pursuits. Nay, mors ;, it docs not afford
attractions sufficient to retain those who
have embarked in it with the bet motives.
There are persons, both worthy and com
petent, educated in our best Normal
schools, who turn their backs ou teaching
because teaching means extreme penury.
As it is now, so it will, it must be again,
unless the calling is made more remune
rative. No sane man would undertake to
raise and support a family on the average
wages of teachers. Within the limits of
our acquaintance, are teachers of acknowl
edged ability moving forward to old age
and something akiu to starvation.
' To us, then, there appears to bo but
one solution to this problem. ' The State,
having undertaken the education of tho
masses, cannot retrace her sten3. She
must have competent teachers, and to get
them she must pay them. Devout shall
be our thanks when, with our-' brother
laborers, we arc counted "worthy of our
hire." Let the teachers' vocation be made
to yield living wages, and at the same
time let superlative competency be de
manded, and wo doubt not the present
difficulty will vanish like the clouds of
morning. Uutil this be done, we fear that
much of the labor of our higher schools
is in vain that they educate forall pro
fessions save that of teaching. We rejoice
in the hope that when we cease to 'tako
part in the huge comedy of hfe; we shall
leave to those who come after us in our
profession a better inheritance than wo
inherited. ; " ' -
' Providing they have not done so
already, we would advise those of our
readers who are teachers to subscribe for
tbc SclioolJournal. It is an ably, edited
moathly, and the ojjkial educational pub
lication of the State. Tho. II. Burrowes,
formerly State Superintendent, ' and a
gentleman of enlarged culture and expe
rience, is ita editor. .Published at Lan
caster city, at 100 rjer annum. Send
for a specimeu copy, after perusing which
we know you will not consent to be with
out its regular vUitaticuv