' '1 ill ss
4
1. BAISKER, Editor and Proprietor.
I WOULD RATHER BE RIGIIT THAN PRESIDENT. IIeset Clay.
TERMS:
.S2.00 PEEK AXIVITM.
JO 2 A ADVAXCK.
! VOLUME 8.
EBENSBURG, PA., THURSDAY, N 0 YEMBER 21 , J8G1.
NUMBER 9.
DIRECTORY.
yiEPASKD EXPRESSLY FOR THE ALLEGE AXIASV
LIST OF POST OFFICES.
. O.Hces.
"oi Masters.
Districts.
Beaas Creek,
Bethel Station
Cirrolltown,
Ch3 Springs,
Cftison,
ru.oVnrT.
Joseph Graham,
Joseph S Mardis,
William M. Jones,
Daul. Litzinger,
John J. Troxell,
John Thompson,
Isaac Thompson,
J. II. Christv,
Win. M'Gough,
I. E, Chandler,
? Shields
E. Wissinger,
A. Durbin,
Francis Clement,
Andrew J. Ferral
G. W. Bowman,
Wm. Ryan, Sr.,
George Conrad,
B. M'Colgan,
Wm. Murray,
Mi33 M. Gillespie
Morris Keil,
Yoder.
Blacklick.
Carroll.
Chest.
Washint'n.
Ebensburg.
White.
Gallitzin.
Washt'n.
Johnst'wn.
Loretto.
Conem'gh.
Munster.
Couem'gh.
Susq'han.
White.
Clearfield.
Richland.
Washt'n.
Croyle.
Washt'n.
S'niKierhill.
fallen Timber,
Hemlock,
Johnstown,
Loretto,
Mineral Point,
llaaster,
Pershing,
P'attsviile,
Roseland,
St. Augustine,
Scalp Level,
Sjnoian,
Siimnierhill,
Uiinmit,
Wilniore,
CISCRCIIES, MINISTERS, &.C.
Presbyterian Rev. D. Harbison, Pastor.
Preaching every Sabbath morning at 10
o'clock, and in the evening at 3 o'clock. Sab
bath School at 1 o'clock, A. M. Prayer meet
ing every Thursday- evening at C o'clock.
Methodist Episcopal Church Rev.S.T. Show,
Preacher in charge. Rev. J. G. Gogly, As
lisisnt. Preaching every Sabbath, alternately
st 10$ o'clock in the morning, or 7 in the
evening. Sabbath School at 9 o'clock, A. M.
Prayer meeting every Thursday veiling, at 7
o'clock.
Welch. Independent vtzv Ll. R. Powell,
Pastor. Preaching every Sabbath morning at
I) o'clock, and in the evening at 6 o'clock.
S.bbath School at 1 o'clock, P. M. Prayer
meeting on the first Monday evening of each
oath ; and oa every Tuesday, Thursday and
FriUv evening, excepting the first week in
each month.
Cdlvlnishc Methodist Rev. John Williams,
por. Preaching every Sabbath evening at
2 and 6 o'clock. Sabbath School at 10 o'clock,
A. M. Prayer meeting every Friday evening,
et 7 o'clock. Society every Tuesday evening
&t 7 o'clock.
Disciples Rev. W. Lloyd, Pastor. Preach
ing every Sabbath morning at 10 o'clock.
Particular Baptists Rev. David Jenein'3,
Pastor. Preaching every .-abbath evening at
S o'clock. Sabbath School at at 1 o'clock, P. M.
Catholic Rsv. M. J. Mitchell, Pastor.
Services every Sabbath morning at 10 J o'clock
&2d Vespers at 4 o'clock in the evening.
EREXSIirilQ 32A1ES.
MAILS ARRIVE.
Eastern, daily, at 12 o'clock, noon.
V7titern,. "at 12 o'clock, noon.
MAILS CLOSE.
Eastern, daily, at 6 o'clock, A. II.
Western, "at 6 o'clock, A. M.
KfTh mails from Butler, In liana. Strongs
tjwn. Ac, arrive on Thursday of each week,
at 5 o'clock, P. M.
Leave Ebensburg on Friday of each week,
at S A. M.
K,The mails from Newman's Mills, Car
roiliown, &c, arrive cn Monday, Wednesday
ftad Friday of each week, at 3 o'clock, P. M.
Leave Ebensburg on Tuesdays, Thursdays
and Saturdays, at 7 o'clock, A. M.
Post Oillce opeu on Sundays from 9
to 10 o'clock. A. M.
RHI,ROAI .$ CHE I) 17112.
WILMORE STATION.
est Express Train leaves at 9.44
Fast Line " 10.09
" Mail Train " 3.31
Eaet Express Train- " 8.25
' Fast Line " 2.04
14 Mail Train 10.06
CRESSON STATION.
A. M.
P. M.
P. M.
P. M.
P. M.
A. M.
A. M.
P M.
P. M
A. M.
West Exress Train leaves at 9.22
" Mail Train " 3.01
East Express Train " 8. 53
" Mail Train " 10.3G
The Fast Lines do not stop.
COUNTY OFFJCEUS.
Judges of the Courts President, Hon. Geo.
Taylor, Huntingdon; Associates, George W.
Easier, Richard Jones, Jr.
Prolhonotary Joseph M'Donald.
Register and Recorder Ed.vard F. Lytle.
S'uriJ. Robert P. Linton.
It-strict Attorney. Philip S. Noon.
County Commissioners. Abel Lloyd, D. T.
Storm, James Cooper.
Treasurer. John A. Blair.
Poor House Directors. David O'narro,
Michael M'Guire, Jacob Horner
Poor House Treasurer. George C. K. Zahni.
Poor House Steward. James J. Kaylor.
Mercantile Appraiser. II. C. Devine.
Auditors. Henry Hawk, John F. Stu'l.
John S. Rhey.
Ccu.iiy Surveyor. E. A. Vickroy.
Coroner. James S. Todd.
Superintendent of Common Schools. Janse3
M. Swak.
EKK.VSBJBG IIOU. OFFICERS.
Justices of the Peace. David II. Roberts
Harrison Kinkead.
Ii'irgess David J. Evans.
Town Council 5 van Griffith, John J. Evans,
William D. Davis, Thomas B. Moore, Daniel
t. Evans.
Borough Treasurer George Gurley.
Weigh Master William Da vis.
Scltocl Directors William Davis, Reese S.
Lloyd, Morris J. Evans, Thomas J. Davis,
Uueh Jones, David J. Jones. -
Treasurer of School Board Evan Morgan.
Constable George W. Brown.
Tax Collector George Gurley.
Judge of lectionMesha.c Thomas'
Infprciort Robert Evans, Wm. Williams
it'tttor Richard T. Davia.
Bckci Poctri).
Our Country.
On primal rocks she wrote her name ;
Her towers were reared on holy graves ;
The golien seed that bore her came
Swift-winged with prayer o'er ocean wave3.
The Forest bowed his solemn crest,
And open flung his sylvan doors ;
Meek rivers led the appointed Guest
To clasp the wide-embracing shores.
Till, fold by fold, the broidered land
To swell her virgin vestments grew,.
While Sages, strong in heart and hand,
Her virtue's fiery girdle drew.
O Exile of the wrath of kings !
O Pilgrim Ark of Liberty I
The refuge of divinest things.
Their record must abide in thee !
First in the glories or thy front
Let the crown jewel, Truth, be found;
Thy right hand liir.g, with generous wont,
Love's happy chain to farthest bound!
Let Justice, with the faultless scale,
Hold fast the worship of thy sons ;
Thy commerce spread her shining sail3
Where no dark tide of rapine runs 1
So link thy ways to those of God,
So follow firm the i eavenly laws,
That stars may greet thee, warrior-browed,
Ana storui-sped Angels hail thy cause !
O Land, the measures of our prayers,
Hope of the world in grief and wrong,
Be thine the tribute of the years,
The gift of Faith, the crown of song !
THE THREE FRIENDS
Br LoriSK e. vicsaov.
CHAPTER FIRST A MEETING.
It was on the afternoon of the Fourth
of July, 1851, that two boy-frieuds, Frank
Harris and Ben Brown, walked together
down the streets of a quiet country vil
lage. It was scarcely a quiet village that
day, to be sure, for military companies
paraded through its streets with music,
and were followed by crowds of children,
and everything seemed gay and lively.
Flags with the beautiful stars and stripes
floated from man' a housetop, &nd boys
carried little banners that fluttered and
waved in the wind, like joyous living
things.
You would have known Frank and Ben
f jt good boys anywhere ; they were so
neatly dressed, so clean, and looked so
god-!atured. Though they laughed and
talked loudly, and even halloed as boys
will, especially on the glorious Fourth,
they still did it all iu a gentlemanly way,
and stepped kindly aside for little girls
walking four abreast, to pass them. They
spoke respectfully, too, to the old lady
behind the counter who sold theia bon
bons; nor did tliey, like many boys, tease
the poor fellow with cmly one arm, lroiu
whom they bought the tire crackers ; but
Ben said as they left the shop,
"How dreadful it would be to Ioe an
arm !"
"Unless," said Frank, '"'you should lose
it in tear then a fellow would glory in
it I"
From that they went on, having quite
a discussion about war, and glory, and
generals, and were jut saying the same
sentence at the same time, and that sen
tence the true sentiment of every Ameri
can boy, that "Washington was the great
est general and one of the best men ever
known to the world," when they were
overtaken by their country friend, Will
Penn, who lived on the farm over the hill.
Now, Will Penn was a red-faced, bushy
headed fellow, and though near the same
age of the other two, and that was four
teen, he made you feel when you looked
qt him that he was already too big to wear
round-a-bouts, and you saw that his hauds
and feet were overgrown. He had a clear
gaze out of his gray eyes though, that
pleased you, and his coarse voice was kind
in its tones, and his laugh as jolly as a
laugh eould be.
Will flung a hand over the shoulder of
each boy; said they were just the lads he
wanted to see ; that he had come to town
early ; it was now past noon, and a half
day in town .was plenty lor him; so, he
proposed that the boys should go home
with him. The parade was about over,
anyhow, and it was a fine thing to be out
in the country, and th walk through the
woods would be pleasant. Glad of the
invitation, Frank and Ben agreed to go at
An ""
Swiftly paced their young feet over the
bricks oi the last pavement, uown uie last,
l,nfl- street, then over the old bridge, and
thev were in the woods. Oh, but it was
V - . . . i Til ll i
cool and pleasant there : ana tuey waiKeu
lindnr the trees bareheaded, fanning them
selves with their hats, Will Penn's face
blazing redder than ever.
A shndnwed but laHcrhinjr stream wound
e cd
through the woods, bridged over by a
mo-sv old 102, on which thev stooa awnue
to listen to its murmurs, ihcy uearu a
quail in the distance, calling "Bob White,"
and the song of a thrush, and the winds
of the early July seemed to chorus over
again in a fresh, sweet voice, the last re
frain of the lovely June.
But the walk was not more pleasant
than all the rest of the afternoon. Will's
father and mother were glad to see his
friends, and very kind, and an uncle and
some girl-cousins were there on a visit.
There were indeed live girls there, with
Will's sisters included, and all rather in
clined to be romps, till they got the boys
to overcome their shyness and run races
down the orchard with them. They ban
tered them, too, to go fishing with them,
which they did, though they had an "im
mensity of trouble;" as Will said, to find
rods and lines for the whole party. But
to the astonishment of the boys, they had
scarcely reached the creek and began fish
ing, when the girls one and all wanted to
go back home, and home they started
"girls are so notional," said Will. So our
young friends had to leave all nibbles and
hopes offish bohiud them, and carry the
rods to the house again.
On the sunny slope before the gate the
boys then played leap-frog. They were
all strong and active, and they pronounced
it "splendid sport." You should have
seen Will's red face and bushy head, and
heard Ins joily laugh then. The father
and uncle stood iu the gateway and en
joyed the fun too. When wearied with
the game, the lads sat down on the grass
till tea time, and after tea Mr. Penn bro't
out a new gun to show the boys, and the
gun reminded them of war, and again they
talked of battles dreadful, bloody bat
tles, and gallant officers and poor wounded
poklicrs. Then one of them spoke of the
youth in town, in the shop where Frank
and Ben bought the fir cracker, who had
but one arm ; and Will told them how the
other had been torn off in a threshing
machine. And Ben said again
"How dreadful it would be to lose an
arm ! And Frank made the rejoinder of
the morning
"Unless it should be lost in war; then
a fellow would glory in it."
But the fire flies came out among the
dewy shrubbery, and the boys parted for
the night more intimate friends than be
fore, and never to forget that Fourth of
July.
CHAPTER SECOND MET AGAIN.
Years went by; the boys were men.
Frank and Ben continued to live in the
same old, quiet village; they had gone
through college, and were now partners in
business together. Will Penn was not a
great, awkward, red-faced, bushy-headed
farmer, but a large, fine-looking young
man. He had gone to live in a great
city, where he was a lawyer, and had mar
ried. He, Frank and lieu, had not met
for four vears. And now it was in July,
l!01. The store of Harris & Brown was
left to a clerk, the youug merchants hav
ing gone off as volunteers to the war; for
ia our so lately happy country there was
a Rebellion, and to fight for that country
and under the flag of the glorious stars
and stripes, hosts of the true and brave
had already left their homes and dear
mi .11 t i
ones, men came tne a ay or a great bat
tle, and the two friends still, Ben and
Frank, as in boyhood, rode side by side
together with a great army, under skies
somewhat softer than those that bent
above their old home. Into the midst of
the fraythey weut together. Never was
greater enthusiasm than amid that armv
of untried soldiers. There were hurried
ehnrges, exulting shouts, the booming of
cannon, and the clashing of steel, all
mingling iu a terrible contusion that can
not be described. This for hours then,
alas ! came a panic, a retreat, with a mad
foe charging after them and all was lost.
That evening, at sunset, in a shadowy
wood, not far from the battle-field, Frank
Harris lay dying, with a wound in his
breast, and faithful en watched by his
side. He did not complain, but he gave
fond messages for his friend to carry to
the loved ones at home; then with his old
boyish smile, he says,
"This is a sweet place to die in ; it re
minds me of that green, sunny slope at
Peun's farm, where Will and you and I
played leap frog, when we were boys."
Just then how strange it was there
came towards them a surgeon, accompany
ing some Zouaves bearing a wounded com
panion a man with oue arm missing, and
that man was Will Penn! His face was
now pale, under his still bushy hair, but
his gray eyes were clearer and brighter
than ever.
The party stopped beneath the tree
where the dying and the watching friend
were still together, and Will, looking
keenly at them, shouted, . .. .
"Hurrah for you, boys! Hurrah that
I find you herel .You see I've but one
arm now, but I saved the flag ! Hurrah
for the flag!" ' ;
Ben did not make his old observation,
"how dreadful to lose an arm," for he on
ly felt that Frank was dying; but Frank,
brave Frank, looking up into Will Penn's
face, spoke gayly as he had spoken on that
Fourth of July ten years ago, and said,
"But to lose an arm in a cause like this,
Will, a fellow must glory in it."
' Then, when Will saw that Frank was
dying, he wept like a woman, and Ben,
too. Frank lies buried in that sweet
wood, his giave is the grave of a hero.
Where Ben and Will are now, I know
not; but I do know that they are brave,
true and noble, as their boyhood promised
when they walked through the wood, stood
on the mossy foot-bridge, romped with the
five girls and played leap frog when poor
Frank Harris was with them.
Johxstowx, Pa., 1801.
. - , m mi
Gen. George II. 3X'Clellan.
HIS LIFE AND PCBLIC SERVICES.
George B. M'Clellan was born in Phil
adelphia on the 3d of December, 1820, his
father being an eminent physician of that
city. At the age of sixteen, or iu 1842,
he entered the West Point Academy, and
iu 184G, at the age of twenty, was gradu
ated second in his class. On the 1st of
July of that year he was brevetted second
lieutenant of engineers, lly an act of
Congress passed during the May previous,
a company of sappers, miners and ponton
icrs was added to the engineer corps, and
in this company M Llellan was commis
sioned. ;
Brevet Brigadier-General Totten, Chief
Fugii.eerof the army commanded by Gen. i
Scott before Vera Cruz, speaks of M'Clel- j
lan's genius and energy in that company
in the highest terms. His exertions in j
drilling the recruits who came into his
company to be prepared for the arduous
labors of the Mexican war, were indefati
gable. With the aid of but two other
officers he succeeded so perfectly in drill
ing the seventy-one raw men who had
come into his hands only two months be
fore, that on the 24th of September they
sailed from West Point, reported by Gen
eral Totten "as in a state of admirable
discipline."
During the war this company was re
duced to forty-five effective men and two
officers one of whom was M'Clellan. He
is repeatedly mentioned in connection with
the corps as exhibiting consummate pa
tience and ability. His company never
once lost its discipline, and performed
some of the most toilsome duties of the
war under very trying circumstances.
General Totten makes especial mention of
the labors performed by M'Clellan before
Vera Cruz. He speaks of him as "anima
ting his corps by his own devotion and
zeal," of "the unsurpassed intelligence and
zeal with which he took his share in the
direction of the siege."
At Contents, M'Cicllan was selected
with another engineer to reconnoitre the
strong breastworks of the enemy. They
had their horses shot under them, and
barely escaped capture by the Mexican
pickets. When the action commenced
M'Clellan was with Magruder's battery.
While it was still doing splendid service,
its commander, Callender, was wounded.
M'Clellan immediately took command of
it, and managed it until it was entirely
disabled, with such success as to sustain
all its previous reputation. Gen. Twiggs
immediately presented his name for pio
motion, to General Winfield Scott, and,
after showing consummate bravery in the
action of Cherubusco, which took place
next day, he was brevetted first .leutenant.
In the next battle, Molino del Bey, his
behavior was so gallant that he was eleva
ted to a captaincy. He deciiued to receive
it, and contiuued lieutenant on the day of
Chapultepee, when Gen. Scott mentioned
him as "winning the admiration of all
about him." He was the first to enter
the Alameda with a company which he
commanded, and during the day of the
assault repulsed a body of Mexicans great
ly outnumbering his own corps, with a loss
of twenty to the enemy.
He continued in active service from the
commencement of his company's organi
zation until ticneral fccott occupied the
city of Mexico. He returned from the
war with the rank of captain, and the
command of the company, now greatly
augmeuted, of sappers miners and pon
toniers. Between 1848 and 1S51 he
translated from the French a mauual of
bayonet exercise, which has become the
text book of the army.
In 1851 he superintended the construc
tion of Fort Delaware. In 18o2 he ex
plored the Bed Kiver, uuder Captain
Marcy, and surveyed the harbors and riv
ers of Texas as senior engineer on the staff
of General Persifer Smith,
In 1853 M'Clellan ttss employed on the
survey to ascertain the best route far a
railrood between the Mississippi and the
Pacific also in the exploration of the
forty-seventh and fifty-ninth parallels of
north latitude. His report gained the
commendation of Jeff. Davis, then Secre
tary of War.
For three years more M'Clellan was
variously employed. After executing a
secret service commission in the West In
dies, and receiving a commission in the
United States Cavalry, he was appoiuted
one of a military commission of three offi
cers to proceed to the Crimea and North
ern Ilussia, for observation on the conflict
then existing, and his report on "The
Orgmization of European Armies, and
the Operations of the War," is thought by
army officers a most valuable work.
In 1857 he resigned his position in the
army, the peaceful condition of the country
seeming to demand his services no longer,
to take a place in the management of the
Illinois Central Railroad as its vice-president
and chief engineer. After three
years of work upon that road he became
general superintendent of the Ohio and
Mississippi line. He was acting on that
post when the rebellion broke out. Gov
ernor Curtin, with his peculiar sagacity
and knowleege of men, and still recogni
zing him as a citizen of Pennsylvania, ap
plied to him to undertake the organization
of the volunteer force of that state; but
he had previously accepted a similar offer
from Ohio. In the assembling of the
forces of the- latter state, and in placing
them upon an efficient war footing, he ex
hibited so much of that determination and
originality which had characterized his
former services- in 31exico, that he was
appointed Major General iu the United
States army, with the command of a de
partment, which included Ohio and west
ern Virginia. Since that time his record
is not history it i? the present.
how m'clellas became successor of oeseeal
SCOTT.
We have heard many inquries made
how it was that General M'Clellan became
the Commander-in-Chief upon the resig
nation of Gen. Scott from active service.
It occurred iu this wise. At the outset of
the rebellion we had but two Major Gen
erals, Winfield Scott and David Twiggs,
the former of whom, by virtue of his sen
iority, was the Commander-in-Chief. The
title of Lieutenant General, conferred on
cott by Congress, gave hiui lo additional
command, but increase of dignity and
higher pay and rations were attacaed to
it. He was the oldest Major General, and
as such was the Commauder in-Chief of
our forces. Twiggs, on account of his de
fection to the South, was dismissed from
the army. A new batch of Major Gener
als were created shortlv after the war
broke out, consisting of M'Clellan, Fre
mont, Dix and Banks. Of these, M'CIel-
lan's commission was first issued, which
made him the oldest Major General next
to Scott, and Co.iiniauder-in-Chicf upon
his retiraey. Had M'Clellan never resign
ed, but continued in the regular service.
he eould hardly have teen higher than
Major, and probably not higher thau Cap
tain. His resignation was lucky lor mm.
for it gave him a chance to come in ahead
oi Wool, Harney, Hunter and the old
Brigadier Generals who have been in the
service for thirty or forty years.
Port Koyul.
FACTS ABOCT AND HISTORY OF THE LOCALITY.
Port Boyal is fifteen miles northeast
from the entrance of Savannah river, and
is perhaps the most important point on
the Atlantic coast of all the Southern
States which border upon that sea for the
purpose of a hostile visit.
The entrance itself is an inlet from the
Atlantic, in latitude thirty-two degrees
eight minutes north, fifty miles southwest
of Charleston, and fifty miles northeast of
Tybee Inlet, the entrance of Savannah
rivet". The opening from the Atlantic is
between Kdding Island aud Hilton Head
Island, and at that point is about three
miles wide. The prolongation inward of
Port ltoyal eutrance is called Broad river
and Port Boyal river, llunning up this
for about twenty-five miles, bending ofl
eastward through the Coosaw river, and
coming out to the Atlantic again through
St. Helena Sound, you have an irregular
area of about twenty-five miles by fifteen.
This amphibious region in cut up by nu
merous rivers, creeks, aud inlets into a
great many islands ( Sf.a Islands) of vari
ous sizes, the chief of which arc Port
Boyal, St. Helena, Paris, Ladies, Coosaw,
Morgan, Dathaw, Edding, Chaplin, Pren
tis, and Hunting.
Along the coast of South Carolina, as
of North Carolina and Georgia, stretches
a low and narrow sand-bar a kind of de
fensive outwork to t!.e land seldom in
habited except by lost Indians and run
away negroes, Trho subsist by hunting and
fishing. At distant intervals there are
shallow breaches through which the quiet
tide steals twioA a div, swelling th nat
ural lagoons and damming the outlet of
the fresh water stream till the current is
destroyed and turned back, and their
flood dispersed far aud wide over the de
batable land of the Cypress Swamp. -Then,
when the heavy rains in the interi
or have swollen the rivers, their eddying
currents deposit all along the edges of the
sandy islands and capes the rich freights
they have brought from the calcareou or
granite mountains in which they rise, with '
the organic waste of the great forests :
through which they flow. This is the
soil of the rice and cottou plantations, ,
which are always found in such parts of
the tidal swamps adjoining the mainland1 '
or the sandy islands as are left nearly dry
at the ebb of the water. '
The region around Port Boyal entrance
and island has a strange, eventful, and ro
mantic history. It was, in fact, the first
settled spot on the coast of North Amer
ica. How interesting, in view of our ex-;
pedition, to read the story of another ex- .
pedition to the same locality just three
hundred years ago ! The first colony was "
sent out by Admiral Coligni, a zealous
Protestant, and then one of the Ministers
of the Crown, who, at the time of the war
between the French Protestants and tho .
Catholics, obtained permission of Charles
IX. to plant a colony of Potestants in Flor
ida a name then applied also to a great
part of the Southern coast. Command of '
two vessels was accordingly given to Jean.
Ribault, "a man expert in sea causes,",
and in the spring of 1502 he landed on .
the Florida coast. Sailiug northward, he '
discovered several rivers, which, from "the
fairness and largeness of its harbor," he:
called the Port Royal river. The old
chronicler, Laudoniere, who accompanied
the expedition, describes the scene in
glowing colors. Splendid forests, shores
festooned with rih grape clusters, bird
of brilliant plumage, stags and deer in
the luxuriant savannahs. As the com
mander cast his eye across tho waters of
the beautiful river before him, says Lau
doniere, and measured the breadth of its'
mouth and the depth of its soundings,
he persuaded himself that "all the argosies
of Venice could ride upon its bosoai "
Accordingly, upon the island a few miles
up Port Royal river he erected, it is said,
on the very spot where the town of Beau
fort now stands, a pillar, with the arms of
France, and in a few days after built a fort,
which, in honor of his King, Charles, IX,
he called Charles' Fort Arse. Carolina
from which circumstances the country
took the name of Carolina. Ribault re
minded the Colonists that they were, now
occupants of a "vast country, filled with
every goodly promise, where every man
was to l;e honored, not. for his birth or
fortune, but on account of hi3 own personal
achievements." Thus it was on that very
spot that, for the first time, three, hun
dred years ago, on tho North American
coast, the flag of a civilized colony might
be seen by the approaching mariner. But
this first French colony did not flourish,
and after sending out another to the same
locality, the French, in 1559, gave up all
idea of making settlcmeuts.
It was almost a century after this be
fore the English began to colonize around
Port Royal. Early in the seventeenth
century, Lord Cadross led a colony from
Scotland, and settled at Port Royal ; but
this place, claiming, from an agreement
with the Lords Proprietaries, co-ordinate
authority with the Governor and Grand
Council of Charleston, it was compelled,
with circumstances of outrage, to ac
knowledge submission.
In 1070, William Saylo was sent out
as Governor, aud in his letter of instruc
tions he was told to ''cause all the people
at Port Royal to swear allegiance te our
sovereign ljrd the King, and subscribe
fidelity to the proprietors and the form of
government established by them."
With regard to the capabilities of Port
Boyal, an English writer spoke of it as
follows : "The whole royal navy might
ride with safety in Port Royal harbor.
Its situation renders it an excellent sta
tion for a squadron of ships in time of
war." ' - ' - -
A glance at the map will show that
more vulnerable spot for striking at the
rebels could not be selected. On cither
hand lie Georgia and South Carolina,
with their capitals, Charleston and Savan
nah, the hotbeds of Secession. The com
munication between the cities would bet
seized, the distance between the two cities
being 1U4 miles, and a force moving np
the waters from Beaufort would strike tho
road at Pocolalego, fifty-five 'milea " from
Charleston and forty-nine from Savannah,
by which means Charleston or Savannah
could be taken on the rear. The forts
and batteries of both harbors would thns
he rendered useless as defences' to their
respective cities. - . - ''" .--
lt. California is th ouly.Slftte that
cast a heavier vote this ye3T than li&t.
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