UIGS2T QI WSOSG.
VnEX KIGHT, TO BE KEPT RIGHT,
VuES M'ROXG, TO BE PCT KIGHT.
THURSDAY::::
::::MAECII 21.
Tlie ilvacauliou effort Sumter.
The news of the probable withdrawal of
tho United States troops from Fort Sum
ter, says the New York Independent, flash
ing by telegraph all over the land, hits
profoundly affected the public mind of the
eountry. This lowering of the national
flag in the face of the traitorous bands
that beleaguer it this conspicuous and
undeniable confession of defeat by the
National Government this surrender of
a post so important and so strong to the
revolutionary Government which now
rules at the South it is, to say theeast,
immensely uufurtunatc that such should
be the first prominent public act of the
new Republican Administration. We have
all confideuce iu the wisdom and the man
hood of the gentlemen who constitute this
Administration. Their fidelity to Freedom
is altogether unquestionable. We know
that they have had the whole case before
them, while we see only its more obvious
features. The mature judgment of Gen
eral Scott should be of right a most influ
ential, if not indeed a controlling element,
in their deliberations. And if it has be
come, as is now alleged, a military neces
sity there being no longor any possibility
of re-enforcing the fort, and the alterna
tive to surrender being simply the speedy
starvation of the garrison then the event
is not only to be submitted to, as Death
itself must be when it comes, but it is to
beatt nbuted to the late Administration,
which neglected its duty when it might
have been performed, not to the present
one, which had no possible chance of per
forming it.
But the fullest explanations will be
needed to satisfy the patriotic and resolute
men who compose the great mass of the
voters at the North that such a necessity
has existed. They will demand to know,
they have a right to be informed, on what
basis the persistent representations of Ma
jor Anderson that he needed no further
supplies, have been founded. Aud they
will claim to know at least that the various
modes of reaching and re-enforcing the
fort which have at different times been
suggested, and which hundreds of men
have beeu ready to take part iu, have been
severally considered, aud proved imprac
ticable, before they will be satisfied that
so signal and stupendous a saerilice should
have been made, of the dignity, prestige
aud strength of the Government. Unless
it shall be plaiuly shown that its hands were
not manacled only, but really paralyzed by
circumstances, the indignation will be
well-nigh universal that this key to the
gate of South Carolina should have thus
been relinquished.
The efiect of this surrender cn the minds
oi foreign nations can hardly be over-estimated.
Their prompt recognition of the
Southern Confederacy whose path has been
so early strewn with a succession of tri
umphs, is hardly too large or too important
a result to follow logically from it." Its
effect at home, unless counteracted by
prompt, wise and efficient action iu other
quarters aud a different direction, cannot
fail to be disastrous. It is the most un
expected and prodigious national humilia
tion known to our history. It seems to
offer license to rebellion, and to put the
largest premium upon treason. Unless it
be speedily followed by measures positive
and emphatic, in distinct affirmation of
the rights, purposes and power of the
Government, we shall have no longer avy
Government, except for such as are too
lazy to question it. or too timid to with
stand the most empty of menaces. There
will be nothing left for insurrection to
fear; nothing left for patriotism to clin
to. The old Sag will trail in the dust so
that the very swine may run ever it. Our
national airs will become the merest sou
venirs. The Revolutionary blood will bo
hown to have turned to the thinnest of
iniik in our degenerate veins. We had
better bow down all at once to the Hot
spurs at 3Iontgomery, and entreat the
congress there assembled to let us come
Into the juanlicr and more stalwart con
federacy whwh they have inaugurated.
An rjxn.sil'ility wili rest upon
those who have advised or consented to
such an act. Frem it they must go, either
forward or backward ; making it the last
step on the path of submission and nation
al surrender, or else making it the first
step ou the path towards the full and cor
dial recognition of the Southern Confeder
acy. Standing disconnected from oue or
the other of these policies, a simple ac
knowledgment of complete defeat and ig
nominious expulsion suffered by the Gov
ernmeut, the significance of the event will
be fearful; and we shall be fortunate if
the consequences of it are not anarchy at
home,, and theiDOaeuing of all the feeble
restraints that hitherto have surrounded
the rebellious elements in Northern cities,
with a more profuse and prolonged blood
shed and battle with the stimulated South,
made haughtier aud fiercer by this vast
success, iu the near Future.
Our Sew Senator.
Hon David Wilmot was elected United
States SeAator, on last Thursday, to sup
ply the vacancy occasioned by the resig
nation of Simon Cameron. lie received
2G Senat jrial and G9 Representative votes.
The Ilarrisburg Tdejraphy in noticing
Mr. Wilmot's election, says : "lie left
the Democratic party when it was in the
height of its glory aud powerful in patron
age, for the purpose of asserting the
principles which he considered just and
right, and essential for the promotion of
the welfare of Pennsylvania. When he
left that powerful Democratic party he
represented the strongest Democratic Con
gressional District in this State; and thro'
his personal efforts that district has now
become the Gibralter of Republicanism.
He has ever since been sorely persecuted
by the pro-slavery party, who have used
all dishonorable means to detract from his
personal character and influence, and in
the present cauvass he was made the tar
get for their weapons. Y"o are therefore
rejoiced, r.ofc only that David Wilmot is
elected a United States Senator, but also
that the claims of the noble North have
been duly recognized in his election.
The vote ia caucus was a noble vindica
tion of Republican principles. On the
joint ballot he received seventy-six votes,
whilst Mr. Ketcham received thirteen,
and James II. Campbell eight. ( Mr.
Ketcham has many warm friends in the
Legislature, and was only persuaded, at
their earnest solicitation, to permit his
name to be used as a candidate. The
nomination was, however, generally con
ceded as due to Mr. AY., and hence the
result. After the ballot had been taken
iu caucus, Mr. Ketcham remarked that he
congratulated the Legislature on the choice
that had been made by hi3 fellow-members.
It was a proper recognition of worth and
merit, and that he would therefore move
that the lion. David Wilmot be the unan
imous nominee of the party, This morion
was received with loud applause by the
members. Mr. Smith, of Philadelphia,
who had been a warm personal friend of
Mr. Ketcham, seconded the resolution,
and it was adopted with deafening ap
plause. Tlie rost-Offlce.
By our daily exchanges, we learn
th it the appointments of Postmasters, with
salaries under 81,000 per annum, will be
made upon the recommendations of. the
members of Congress iu the various dis
tricts. We observe that in several sections of
tho country primary elections arc being
held to determine the choice of the peo
ple for this responsible appointment. It
appears to us that this is the fairest pos
sible mode of settling tho question. As
sume, for instance, that the candidates for
the Ebensburg Postmastership come be
fore the people; the Republican electors
who receive their mail matter thro' that
office meet in caucus and cast their votes
for their preference, and the one who re
ceives the greatest vote 53 of course the
choice of the people. The community
thus would have the power to fill the of
fice to their own liking.
Another advantage of the plan proposed
is this 'it relieves the appointing power
at Washington from the necessity of
deciding between the claims of rival can
didates. This is a task of much difficulty,
and let the decision be as it may, there
are some who will be displeased, and who
will become, perhaps, bitter to the part'.
Upon the whole, we think this plan is
a decided improvement on the old method
of circulating petitions, besides saving
much time mid trouble. How do you say?
-
E5u A member of the Yirginia Con
vention telegraphed to Norfolk ."Tell
your people all is well; and that the
Fourth of July will be celebrated under
the stars and stripes.'
EDITORIAL H0T1BGS.
B!U The Philadelphia bank3 resumed spe
cie payment on Monday.
BgTbe President has appointed Tbomas
Corwin, of Ohio, Minister to Mexico.
"Win. B. Taylor has been appointed
Post Master of New York city.
E, Fort Brown has been surrendered by
Capt. Hill, its commandant, to the Texan au
thorities. The report that the "Slaughter Pen"
bad sunk immediately upon being launched,
at Charleston; id a mistake.
Mr. Holloway, of Indies, has been ap
pointed to the important office of Commh sion
cr of Patents at Washington.
TiXGcn. Spinner's 'nomination as Treasu
rer of the United States, was confirmed on
Saturday.
Sy The Pennsylvania Railroad Company
aro about to remove their shops from Parks
burg to Ilarrisburg.
2r Cassius M. Clay, of Kentucky, has been
appointed Minister to Spain, and his appoint
ment confirmed by the Semite.
gThe Mountaineer thinksthat Cambria
county must be redeemed. Nonsense! it is
redeemed. Last fall did the business.
E,The Cotton Confederacy of Jefferson
Davis will not be recognized, no matter under
what circumstances it may claim acknowl
edgement, by the European Powers.
A White House has been rented at
Montgomery, Ala., for the use cf the Presi
dent of the Cotton Confederacy, at $5,000 per
year. x
The celebrated case of Mrs. Gaines vs.
the cities of New Orleans and Baltimore,
which has been pending for about thirty
years, was decided in her favor last week by
a unanimous judgment of the Supreme Court
of the" United States.
Some twenty-eight or thirty years agD
Horatio King, the late Postmaster General,
and Hannibal Hamlin, the present Vice Pres
ident, were engaged in publishing a weekly
ne.wspaper jn the small, obscure town of Paris,
Maine.
Zgf Col. Edwin V. Sumner, of the First
Cavalry, ha3 been promoted to the rank of
Brigadier General, and takes the place of
david e. twiggs, who has been disgraced and
stricken off the army roll for treachery to the
flag of his country.
gcn Returns from the State election in New
Jersey, which came off on Wednesday, show
a decided Republican victory. They have
elected all their Congressmen, and likewise
their candidate for Governor, Nathaniel S.
Berry, by over 4,000 majority. Hoo-rah 1
Sy-Just think! In the South tLere are
8,000,000 of free people of these but 347,000
people have an interest in slaves, and the bal
ance, over 7,000,000. having no institution are
driven by the few nabobs to be quiet aad to
submit to rebellion and to be forced to fight
for bondage 1
Governor Curtin ha3 signed the bills
commuting the tonnage tax on the Pennsylva
nia Railroad, and changing the name of tho
Sunbury and Erie Railroad, and to assist ia the
completion of n railroad to Erie. Both these
acts, at a meeting of their boards, have been
accepted by the companies.
BQ.Tlic Administration has no intention
of abandoning Fort Pickens, whatever may be
the necessity in regard to Fort Sumter. On
the contrary, since the recent military prepa
rations by the revolutionists, orders have been
sent t6 land the troops from the Brooklyn and
other sloops of war to reinforce Lieut. Slcm
mcr's command.
ETjt, The Charleston Mercury walks into
Mr. Holt, late Secretary of War, as follows .
"Holt does not deserve the honor of an as
sassination. But he is a marked man.' If
ever he ventures within the confines of the
Confederate States, he will never return to
practice coercion again. The breed of such
traitors cannot be perpetuated among us."
That Mercury is evidently up to blood heat.
Gen. Beauregard, now in command of
the rebel forces at Charleston, has much fame
as a tactician. It is said that when Gen.
Scott's council diifcred in opinion a3 to the
plan for attacking Mexico, after others had
spoken, Gen. Scott called ou Lieutenat Beau
regard, whose conduct at Vera Cruz, Cerro
Gordo and Contreras had strongly attracted
his attention. The young ofiiccr observed
that, inasmuch as he differed in loto with his
brother engineers, he felt great diffidence in
expressing his views ; but he finally agreed
with the plan of Gen. Scott, which was acted
upon, aud the city taken.
tfgf John George Nicolai, the private Sec
retary of President Lincoln, is a German, and
was born in 1832 in the village of Essingen,
in the Palatimate. In 1837, he came to this
country with his parents, who settled in Cin
cinnati. In 1S42, his mother having died, his
father removed to Pike county, Illinois, where
young Nicolai was apprenticed to the printing
business. He subsequently published a paper
at the county seat, Pittsville, called the Pike
County Advertiser, from which he was called
to a position in the State Treasurer's office,
where he took au active part in ferreting out
Governor Matteson's delinquencies.
gg. The decision with regard to the with
drawal of Major Anderson's command from
Fort Sumter now rests exclusively with Pres
ident Lincoln. Gens. Scott and Totten have
given it as their opinion that the fort cannot
be reinforced, and its ultimate evacuation is
almost certain. Various propositions for the
reinforcing of Sumter have been advanced,
but none of them can stand the scrutiny of
scientific military authority. The long and
short of the matter is about this Fort Sum
ter must be surrendered. Old Jimmy Bu
canan the Lord be merciful to him! should
receive the thanks of the people of the North
for this the last and most bitter result of his
perfidy and treachery. He deserves them.
The New Tariif Ellll.
As the duties laid on iron, steel and
iron ore, by the tariff bill which has just
passed Congress, and goes into operation
on the 1st of April, affects a variety of
very important .interests, especially in
Pennsylvania, we subjoin the section of
the act in relation thereto :
1. On bar iron, rolled or hammered,
comrtrisinir flats, nut less than one inch or
more than seven inches wide, nor less than
oue quarter of an inch uor more than two
inches thick; rounds not less than one-half
an inch or more than four inches iu diam
eter; aud squares uot les than one-half
an' inch nor more than four inches square,
fifteen dollars per ton : Provided, That
all iron iu slabs, blooms, loops, or other
forms, less finished than iron in bars, and
more advanced than pig iron, except cast
ings, shall be rated as iron in bars, and
pay a duty accordingly: And provided
further, That none of the above iron shall
pay a less rate of duty than twenty per
centum ad valorem ; ou all iron imported
in bars for railroads or inclined planes,
made to patterns, and fitted to be laid
down upon such roads or planes without
further manufacture, and not exceeding
six inches high, twelve dollars per ton; on
boiler plate iron, twenty dollars per ton;
on irou wire, drawn and finished, not more
than cue-fourth of an inch in diameter,
nor less than number sixteen wire guage,
seventy-five cents per one hundred pound,
and in addition fifteen per centum ad va
lorem; over or finer thau number tweuty
five wire guage, two dollars per or.c hun
dred pounds, aud iu addition fifteen per
centum ad valorem ; on all other descrip
tions of rolled or hammered iron, not
otherwise provided for, twenty dollars per
ton.
2. On iron in pigs, six dollars per ton;
on vessels of east iron, not otherwise pro
vided for, and on sad irons, tailors' and
hatters' irons, stoves and stove plates, one
cent per pound ; ou cast iron steam, gas
and water pipe, fifty cents per one hundred
pounds; ou cast iron buts aud hinges, two
cents per pound; ou hollow ware, glazed
or tinned, two teats and a half per pound ;
on all other castings of iron, not otherwise
provided for, twenty-five per centum ad
valorem.
3. On old scrap iron, six dollars per
ton: Provided, That nothing shall be
deemed old iron that has not been in act
ual use, and fit only to be re-manufactured.
-1. On band and hoop iron, slit rods (for
nails, nuts aad' horse Kiioes,) not otherwise
provided for, twenty dollars per ton ; ou
cut nails and spikes, one ceut per pound;
on irou cables or chains, or parts thereof,
aud anvils, one dollar and fifty ceuts per
one hundred pounds; on anchors, or parts
thereof, and anvils, one dollar aud fifty
cents per one hundred pounds; on wrought
board nails, spikes, rivets and bolis, two
cents per pouud ; on bed screws, and
wrought hinges, one cent and a half per
pound ; on chains, trace chains, halter
chains and fence chains, made of wire or
rods one-half of an inch in diameter or
over, and not uuder one fourth of an inch
in diameter, and not under number nine
wire gaguo, two cents and a half per
pound ; under number nine wire gague,
twenty-five per centum ad valorem; on
blacksmiths' hammers and sledges, axles
or parts thereof, and malleable irou in
castings, uot otherwise provided for, two
cents per pound; on horse shoe nails, three"
cents aud a half per pouud ; on steam, gas
and water tubes and Hues of wrought iron,
two cents per pound; on wrought iron
railroad chairs, oue dollar and twenty-five
cents per one hundred pounds ; aud on
wrought irou nuts and washers, ready
punched, twenty-five dollars per ton; ou
cut tacks, brads and tpriugs, not exceeding
sixteen ounces to the th.ou.saud, two cents
per pound.
5. On smooth or polished sheet iron, hy
whatever name designated, two cents per
pound; on other sheer iron, common or
black, not thinner than number twenty
wire gague, twenty dollars per ton ; thin
ner than number twenty, and not thinner
than number twenty-five wire gague, twen
ty -five dollars per ton ; on tin plates gal
vanized, galvanized iron or iron coated
with zinc, two cent? per pound ; ou mill
irons aud mill cranks of wrought iron and
wrought iron for ships, locomotives, loco
motive tire or parts thereof, weighing each
twenty-five pounds or more, one cent and
a halt per pound; on screws, commonly
called wood screws, two inches or over in
length, eight cents per pound; or screws
washed or plated, an J all other screws of
iron or any other metal, thirty per centum
ad valorem.
G. On all steel in ingots, bars, sheets or
wire, not less than one-fourth of an inch
in diameter, and valued at seven cents per
pound or less, one cent and a half per
pound ; valued at above seven cents per
pouud, and not above eleven cents per
pound, (and valued at eleven cents per
pound, two cents and a half per pound:)
Provided, That no steel in any form, not
otheiwise provided for, shall pay a duty of
A . 1 . 1 1 .
meuiy per centum au valorem, on steel
wire less than one-fourth of au inch in di
ameter, and not less than number sixteen
wire gague, two dollars per one hundred
pounds, aud in addition thereto fifteen per
cent ad valorem ; on cross-cut saws, eight
cents per lineal foot; on mill pit and drag
saws, not over nine inches wide, twelve
and a half cents per lineal foot; on skates
costing twenty cents, or less, per pair, six
cents per pair; on those costing over twen
ty cents per pair, thirty per centum ad
valorem; on all manufactures of steel, or
of which steel shall be a component part,
not otherwise provided for, thirty per
centum ad valorem : Provided, That all
articles partially manufactured, not other
wise provided for, shall pay the same rate
cf duty as if wholly manufactured.
7. On bituminous coal, one dollar per
ton of twenty-eight bushels, eighty pounds
to the bushel; on all other coal, fifty cenl3
per ton of twenty eight bushels, eighty
pounds to the bushel ; on coke and clum
of coal, twenty-five per centum ad valorem.
llailroa'd iron, partially or wholly worn,
may be imported into the United States
without payment of duty, under bond, to
be withdrawn and exported after the sid
railroad iron shall have been repaired or
re-manufactured, and the Secretary of the
Treasury is directed to prescribe such
rules and regulations as may be necessary
to protect the revenue against fraud, and
secure the identity, character and weight
of all such importation? when again with
drawn and exported, restricting and limit
ing the export and withdrawal to the tame
port of entry where imported, and also
limiting all bonds to a period of time of
not more than six months from the date
of the importation.
Anothkii Ski.u:ton Story, which
pos.-es an air of romance equal to the
"Gold Uug," or others of those fabulous
tales founded upon the hidden treasures
of Captain Kidd, which have have so
charmed and captivated the youth of this
age, is told by the Armstrong Democrat, as
follows :
It is-said that a man known b the
name of Hooks, residing in one of the
ad j a c e u 1 1 o v 1 s h i ps , w h i 1 e o n e d ay d i ggi n g a
hole for a fence post, struck his spade
upon what he afterwards discovered to be
a skull of a human being. Mr. Hooks
being a gentleman of weak nerve was a
little appalled at first by this ghastly sight
but resuming his labor, succeeded 'in dig
ging out the skeleton, beneath which he
iouiid a brass kettle containing some beads
and other relics, and al.-o a i-mall box
within which he found a paper on which
wereVordsi written in the French language.
This writing he afterwards toc-k to Free
port, and had it translated by the Catholic
Prie.t then residing there, who made out
that it purported to state the former resi
dence of the deceased, which w;is at Le
Boeuf, in Erie county, and that treasure
of which he was possessed were secreted in
a cerruin place. Shortly after this .Mr.
Hooks absented himself from his family,
and was not heard of in the neighborhood
for ,some time, causing much grief to his
family by this unwonted neglect, and
many surmise. in the neighborhood as to
the cause of his absence. However one
pleasant morning Mr. Hooks returned
home enjoying the very bc-i-t of health,
and has ever since been in the enjoyment
of such quantities i f money as lead his
neighbors to infer that he availed himself
of the information conveyed by the mys
terious writing and has become possessed
of the wealth of the unfortunate French
mau. The story is related by a gentle
man of undoubted veracity, aud who is
acquainted with 3fr. Hooks aud his cir
cumstances, and says that the facts are
substantially true as we have stated them.
We have no doubt but that there are
treasures buried through the country, and
that it is as likely that Air. Hooks should
become possessed of some of it as any oth
er man $ and, "as it were," we think the
story quite plausible and eutilcd to some
credit.
Doixc.sat Charleston- A letter wri
ter in Charleston, says :
Ou ' passing down Meeting street late
last night I saw that the official residence
of Gov. Pickens, and the head-quarters
of General Ucaugard, were still open and
illuminated. I s:iw messengers pass lroia
one building to the other, and imagining
that some roup d'etat was in preparation,
I determined to be up early this mor.iing
and ou the look out for squalls. About
half past four a boat left the battery, con
taining General Ueuuvegard and staff, and
within au hour from that time the guns
commenced firing blank cartridges, and
at about half-past ix ahull uu.tjired which
fctruc-k Fort Sumter near the gate. 1 was
watching most intently with my glass, and
saw Major Andrson, who had been watch
ing the whole of the proceedings, pcn
his battery on that side. A boat which,
strange to say, was in the convenient spot
for the purpose was instar.tbydespatched
under a flag of truce, Major Anderson
mercifully awaiting its arrival. An apol
ogy was made to him, in which he was
assured that the shot was "purely acci
dental" the ofiicer in command having no
idea that the gun contained a ball.
The New Senate. The new U. S.
Senate stands US llcpublians, against 22
Democrats, with 18 vacancies, 11 of the
vacancies, being iu the seceding States.
The ether four vacancies are one in
Missouri, one in California and two in
Kansas. If both California and Missou
ri elect Democratic Senators, those in
Kansas will probably bo Kcpublican ma
king the stuhis'dO 21. So that so long as
the secessionists kcepout, the llcpublicans
have a working majority. The new mem
bers are Messrs. Clark, X. II.; Harrie.N.
Y. ; Clingman, N. C. ; Chase, Ohio; Howe,
Wis. ; lireckiuridge, Ky. ; Lane, Ind. ;
Ncsmith, Oregon ; Mitchell, Ark. ; Cowan,
Pa.; who hold over until 1SG7.
.
?GU In spite of the opposition of the
Pro-Slavery Senators, the following reso
lution , offered by Mr. Fcsscnden of Maine
and amended by Mr. Clark of Ncw-IIauip-shire
was last week passed by the United
States Senate, by a vote cf 24 to 10:
Wtercas, The scats occupied by Messrs
Brown and Davis of Mississippi, Mallory of
Florida, Chiyof Alabama, Toombs of Georgia
and Hcnjamin of Louisiana, ns nienibers"of
the Senate, have become vacant ; therefore
lletolved, That the Secretary bo diructed to
omit their names from th roll.
Colorado Xevada Bu-
The bills organizing the Te
rn lories Gf
Colorado, Nevada, and Dakota
both houses of Congress before its ,j
Passed
journment, and were signed by the Pr 7
dent. This increases the number cf tl"
Territories of the United States to seven
including the previously existing ones of
Washington, Nebraska, Utah, an,j
Mexico. .In the N. Y. Tribune, Wcgo
the following description of the
ones : c
The first of these Territories, CoW
includes parts of Kansas, Nebraslm
- - uuuuudnts run
follows : Beginning at a point where A
102 degree of West longitude from Grp'J
v ... ii.. T.i. . "'ecu.
with crosses the S7th parallel of
latitude, thence north nlnno- ino
or:h
aih-1 to where it intersects the 41st de'r
of North latitude, thence west alonrT
line to the 1011th degree of West 10B
tude thence south along said line to t
o7th degree of North latitude, thence
along the C7th degree of North latitude
to the place of beginning. The Territory
contains about 100,000 square miles, and
at thistimehasa population of some 250! 'tj
persons. The Kocky Mountains "diVid
the Territoiy into two parts, westward
from them flowing a large number of riy.
crs, tributary to the Colorado, and cast."
ward others equally numcrca3 an ! Iar..j
tributary iu-the Arkansas and fc-ouiLFo-k
Platte Hirers. It includes the famous
mining rcion. Pike's Peak, rich ia so!d
aud other metals, cut off by deserts frosi
the mere fertile Western State, lut dos
tined to be the home of advancing civili
nation, and to give up its treasures at the
summons of enlightened toil.
section 01 tne -iid degree ot .Vr:i:
tude with the iJOth decree of !o! . ir.
west from Washington ; theni:; ruVu::-
south on the
hue of th'-j 110:1; (.,.
We.-t longitude, uiiti!
tr-vco the
northern boundary .' the
New-Mexico ; thence du-j
territory of
west to the
dividing lidge separating the waters cf
Cur?on Valley frcm tho.-e that fluw iiitj
tho .Pacific; thence on this dividing ricL-e
northwardly to the -list degree orth
latitude; thence due north to the south
ern boundary line of the State of Oregon ;
thency due east to the place of beginning.
That portion of the Territory withia the
present limits of the State of California is
uot to be included within Nevada, until
the State of California shall as?ut to the
same by an act irrevocable without the
consent of the Uuited States. The Ter
ritory includes the iovely Carson Valiev,
the memory of whose beauty lingers wi'i.
the traveler in his journey through arid
plains aud ove rugged mountain?, and
.whose wondrous fertiiitv, even under the
rudest cultivation, shows what may be
expected there when intelligent industiy
has free course. Great mineral wealth,
especially of silver, in which it is richer
than any other part cf the world, and
unlimited capacity for the raising of agri
cultural products, will combine at an early
day to transform this region into a rich
and populous State.
Iu general torrns, Dakota lies between
lat. 42 d. o0 m. and 49 d. north, and Ions.
90 d. CO in. and 103 d. west. It is bound
ed on the north b' Uritish America, cast
by the Slafesof Minnesota and Iowa, south
and west by Nebraska. Its length from
north to south is 450 miles, its avenge
breadth is about 200 miles, and it has ao
area of 70,000 square miles. It Fas for
merly a part of the territory of Miunesota,
but was detached when that became
State. The Indians belonging to tha
Yankton, Sissiton and Sioux tribes are
numerous, and live chiefly by the chase.
The territory includes open, grassy jlams,
high-rolling prarics, a great uaiaber of
lakes and ponds, and very numerous valu
able rivers. The climate of the south is
mild; that of the north severe, though
less so than might be expected from its
high latitude. The land is well timbered
and the valleys arc highly productive
Coal abounds iu some parts, and other
minerals add wealth to the region. Ihe
game is plentiful, and of great value for
its furs.
The eager thirst for the precious meta-f,
which has opened these far Western re
gions to the white man, already modified
by the discovery that the labor necessary"
to obtain the metal will yield raorewt
factory returns when expended in tu;u2
the soil and developing the natural re
sources of the eountry, will soon exert
only its proper influence; then the natur
al vigor of free labor, assisted by the in
telligently fosterinc care of an enhghtcne
Government, will toon redeem these nobie
territories from their wildness, and leg1 "
imately extend by so much the real art
of Freedom.
The Financial Hesults of Keen. a.
A N ' & A 1) M 1 M a I II A Tl O X . 1 1 0 U J c i .
man recentl made, in the House ot hep
resentatives, a concise aad very ,lJrC' .
exhibit of the condition in vv!m" j
tional finances are placed. Mie: !t
public debt outstanding at this lsot
is no less than f S7,000,000 ; j1"
what is required to satisfy the U
aud other Indian war debts, to make
file Indian trust fund, and other
object;
$0G,1SS,904. The public Sh
ago, was only 820,000,380, against . wb rf
there was a balance in the lrcaS Vjt
17,710,114, making the net ac tuai
at that time onlv Sll,So0,50- 0
crease of debt iu four years has t- . ,
less than SS4,S3S,722, era c r
S21l500t0Q0 per annum..
Nevada is taken from Western Utah
and California. Its boundaries are a
follows : Beginning at the point of ir,t-.