LATtt PAOM Tft.t OftVZ AND
T A in PICO. a
- rhe Qiterilln War Commenced Cavalry In-
etroctione 'fotlft front Ine American Pru
- tonertDaltte o Verra Gordo, by u Aex-
"' lean. , '
' Now Orleant papers ef the 14th and IStb alt.,
- ringe lTr intelligence (torn Mexico. Th
, following letter wt take from the New Orleant
Timet. .M -
Fom Tan Cirr or Mexico A letter hat been
t eeeived in tbta eity from tht eity of Mexico.
Medae late a the 30th of April. It it from an
Influential source. ' All tbat we can letrn of its
contents it that there it Isrge number of titi-r-nt
of the etplttl, men of worth tnd tubttanee,
who ere dpeided advocates of pesre. But their
influence it utterly overborn by tho voices of
-ibs noisier populace, tht military and political
nirties, whoss cry it war. No one openly aden
ines peace, though many yearn for it iV. O.
IVc, 16n.
Fom Vsaa. Csuz Tbe tcbooner Oella, Capt.
Jl.im, arrived yetterday from Vera Crux, having
! ft early on the morning of the Cth inst the
.'nmes L Day left on the 8th intt. Wt have
scarcely a word of newt by thit ai rival -notbieg
in fact tbat might not havt been brought by tht
Day. The report which it mtde to nt of the
health of Vera Crux it leit favorable than we bad
hoped to havt. There it a good deal of ticknett
there and it it increasing. Some raaet of fever
have occurred, but all thit wat to be expected at
thit season, in to loir a latitude.
Tbe report atill prevailed, when the Oella left
that a deaputation had been eent down to Geo.
Scott to offer him pottettion of the capital, but
Capt. Ham hat no more definite inlormation on
the subject than wat brought by tbe Day.
! - Tampico, Mexico, May 6, 1847.
Gentlemen A mail waa received here yetter
day from the city of Mexico, t have not tern
any of tht papers, but have learned from a relia
ble source tbat the Mexicant in the interior,
aince the fall of Vera Cruz and the battle of Cer.
ro Gordo, have become fully arouted at their sit
uation. They flying to armt in every direction,
and are determined to ditpnte with ut every inch
of ground. The present Government of Mexico
it straining every nerve to carry on the war with
renewed vigor ; among other movementt it it
making, it the grantingtofa Captain't commis
sion to any perton who may raite a company of
twenty-five mounted men, who, besides their re.
gular pay, are entitled to all the plunder they
can take from tbe American.
It tht above ttatementt be correct, and you
will bear in tnind that I obtained them from a
Mexk-anj then hat the guerilla warfare commen
ced in earnest. They may annoy us for a while,
but ultimately the whole of tbit lint country
tWbe ouit ourt by right of conquest.
The new Custom House regulations for the
Mexican ports went into operation here on the
1st instant. Mr. Chase, husband of the relebra- I
ted Mrt. Ann Chase, bat been appointed Collec
tor ; Major Daahill, Receiver of Moneys, and
Captain Carr, Storekeeper. There it a great
field open here and in other Mexican portt. now
in possession of the Americans, for office seekers
and I think that President Polk bat now a fine
opportunity to rid himself of tome of those who
hang about the White House.
Another arrest wat made here a few days ago,
in the Alcalde line. The Alcalde and Council
men of the town of Altamira, aituated on the
San I.uis Potosi road, about twenty-one miles
from tbit place, have been engaged for tome time
past, in preventing traders tnd cattle from com
ing into tbit place. These factt were laid before
Colonel Gatet, who immediately dispatched Cap
tain Wyse with a detachment of troops to arrest
him. The Captain caught tbe gentleman and
brought him, with four Couneilmen, to town,
where they are now in confinement.
If some of the persons connected with the ar
my do not return to tbe United States richer
than when tbey left it then it ia not because they
are not well paid for instance : the Command
ant of this place receives, inadJition to his re
gjlar payaa Colonel, $200 per month ; the Chief
of Police, who it a Major in the regular service,
$100, and tune dozen of other minor offieert in
likt proportion. Now, I do not pretend to find
fault with this, for I believe tbey sre justly enti
tled to it and earn it, but give it to yon at an
item of news. In some future letter I will give
you an account of the count of justice, city re
venue, &c,
Ca.ue.lre and lUe Oaerlllo War.
Csnales has sent the following to the Adju
tant Inspector of the National Guard:
FvoNTixm PaioADi or Cavalry,
Camp in Pan Augustin, April 4, 1817.
I thit day tend to the Adjutant Inspector of
the National Guards the following instructioni
1 learn, with the greatest indignation, that
tie Amrticen have committed a most horrible
massacre at the ranchoof the Guadalupe. They
mtdo prisoners, in their own houses and by the
aide of their families, twenty-five peaceable men
and shot them. To repel thit claae of warfare,
which it not war but atrocity ' in all itt fury,
there ia no other sourso left ut thtn retaliation ;
and in order to pursue this method, rendered
i operative by tho fatal circumstances above
mentioned, yon will immediately declare mar
t'ul law, with the understanding- that eight days
alter the publication of the tame every individ
mil who hat nut taken up arma (being capable
of so doing) thall be considered a traitor and In
stantly thot. - ' '
f m
Martial law being in foree, you are brmhJ to
give no q'isrter totny American whom you
may meet or who msy preseuttiimself to you,
evii timu;h he be without arms. You art alto
dir-cicii in imbih m s to t'l tht' townt in thit
but, forcibly ioiprsi.ig lliern with ineetrere
punishment IhM ehVtt be iuflicted for the lets;
emu won of this order. : ' -
We have arrived at that eUlelo which our
country require ike- greatest Mcrifkee, ber
sons should f lory ia nothing but to become sol
diers, aMt estate Mexicans to meet tbe cri
sis. Therefore, it the army of in ration contin
ues, and our people remain in the towna which
they have moletted, they deserve not one ray of
sympathy; nor shoo Id any one ever eeat to
make war upon them. Yon will tend a copy of
thia to each of your subordinates, and they are
authoriied to proceed against the chief of their
squadrons or against their colonels or any other,
even against me, lor soy infraction of thia order
tbe only mode of salvation left. The enemy
wagea war against ua and cveo against those
peaceable citizent who, actuated by improper
impulses, desire te remain quiet in their houses.
Even these they kill, without quarter; snd this
ia the greatest favor they may expect fmm them.
The only alternative left us, under these cir
cumstances, is retaliation, which it the strong
right of the ofTonded against the offending. To
carry thie into effect, attach yourselves to the
authorities. Your failing to do this will be con
sidered a crime of the greatest magnitude.
All the officers of tie troops are directed to
atiiat you in carrying out this order, snd it it
distinctly understood there shall be no excep
tions. Neither the clergy, military, ciiizens
nor other persons shall enjoy the ptivilrt e of re
maining peaceably at their homes. The whole
of the corporstion shall turn out with the crix-ns,
leaving solely as authority of the town one of
tbe members who is over the age of sixty years;
at the aame time, if all of the members aie ca
pable of bearing arms, then none ahsll b ex
cepted ; leaving to act some one who is ir.cspa
ble of military service. Y.m yourself mnt be
en example toothers, by conlorming to this re
quisition. And I tend this to you for publica
tion, and charge you to see it executed in every
particular, snd communicate it also to the com
mander of the squadron in your City, who will
aid you in carrying into effect these instruc
tions; and In fact you aro directed torlo all snd
every thing which your patrintim nny prompt.
God and Liborty ! Antonio Camalks
The Pxnyiine of the 15th hns a letter from
Lieut. Mejis, aid to Gen. Ia Vpl's, in which he
jm-tifies the conduct of that officer towards A
merican prisoner, and rays one of ti e Inst arts 1
he did was to write to the Governor ut Puebla,
requesting the release of young Rogers, The
Picayune, commenting upon the letter sty.- j
''Thie it all true beyond question, but it
must be remembered that when thh hist act
was done Gen. I Vega wss agnin a prisoner
in the hands of the Americans. We have ne
ver heard of his doing any thing for this "young
gentleman" whilst he was free sod in command
of a Mexican army. When a prisoner, yea
He would write a whole lolin now in behalf of
Majors Gaines and Borland and the rest. But
when general in Mexico he could not for the
life of him raiso a hand for their relief, and tur
ned a deaf ear to their petitions nay, he dr
ained to reply to their tppeals to his generosi
ty and gratitude."
Lata from ania K.
Sr. Louis. May 17th, 1817.
Lieut. Peck has reached this place from Santa
Fe, which ha left on the 0th ol April.
Col. Price waa atill at Santa Fe. AH was qui
et apparently, but it seems evident that the vol
cano of discontent is but slumbering, ss the gen-
rsl opinion is that it only requires some new,
energetic and competent leader to fan up 'he
flames of discontent, and stimulate a new rebel
lion among the Mexicans.
Judge Baubien waa atill proceeding with the
trial of tht insurgents.
At Taos, the Coart which hsd been conttitu
ted to try Ibe insurcentt ha"d condemned a large
number of them. Eleven had been bung and a
great many whipped. Six were hung the day
Lieut. Talbot passed through Taoa.
Tbeat tummary proceedingtand tht execution
of their fellow countrymen had greatly exaspera
ted tbe large body of the Mexicant, and thrie
were efforts making to raise volunteera for ano
ther revolutionary movemont. The Alcalde and
tome men of piopeity and influence were oppo
ttd to such a movement, which, with the severi
ty of punishment meted to former delinquents,
rosy have the effect of checking them.
On tbt 23lh February, Col. Freemont wat at
Cimlad ds Angelot, where he waa acting Cover
nor, having been appointed by Com. Stockton,
who waa on board his ship, and had left tbat part
of thecoast.
Wm. H. Rustell waa acting at Secretary of the
Territory.
Gen. Kearney waa joined at San Diego on the
6th February by Lieut. Col. Cook, of tbt Mor
mon Battalion, tht olfireit tnd men of which
were all in splendid condition sod health. Gen.
K. then proceeded to Monterey, where ha .was
joined by tbe two lUItimort Artillery Compa
rt.
Nothing had been beard of Col. Stevenson and
his Nt w Yoi k Regiment of California Volunteers.
Saxta Anna's Monet. A letter from Js
Ispa, speskinir of the rupture of Santa Anna's
carriage tnd money, says, the writer helped to
carry the bags cf silver to Gen. Scott's quarters.
One of the btgs burbled on eetting it down, and
the Mexictn dollars fulled about the plaee.
The "boyt" commenced a regular ac ramble for
thein; the sergeant of the guard ordered a
charge upon them, but Geo. Scott interfered,
end said, "let the boys alone ; don't hurt them ;
they have behaved well to day, aud deaerve to
be tewtrded." The dollars were speedily
pocketed, but thi bags containing tbe gold
would not burst, not withstt nding they were
pie iced by many aa aoxiona eye. '
It there a word in the Fuiglish language that
contains ell Ua vowels I There ia u o-q-u a - a
t-i-o-i-a-t-i-y.
From the Pbila LeJger, of tht 9Gtb intt
latsh. mom
TfltS ARMY OV OB If.
OOTT,
Qtn Wth'i DhMtrn to tnttr Pmtblawt tht 17 th
Mexican Pnpatationi fur War Loam to
tht Government Tht Advance upon the Capi
tal Iht Guerilla Warfare Santa Anna frc
parng to Marram our Forces. ; t , ;
By the arrival of tbt steamship Fashion, at
New Orleans, we bavs Ister advices from Vers
Crux. Ths accounts are from Jalaps to the 1 1th
intt.
Tbe Fashion brought over Gen. Pattetton and
aeveral offieert who were wounded at Cerro Gor
do; alto, Ctpttint Moore, Pickent, Jonet and
Coleman, of tbe Alabama volunteers. She slo
brought over many of ths trophies of Cerro Gor
do snd Vera Crux, such as cannon, stands of
arma, atandardt, ate.
Several recimentt of volunteers whose time of
service htd ttpired were at Vera Crni on their
way home.
We copy below from tht Picayune :
Gen Worth wat expected to enter Puella on
the Pih instant. No reaiattnes wss anticipated
st that place. There was some expectation that
the army would march upon the capital, but with
dimithd numbers. Tbe losses sustained in the
army by the return of volunteers, and the neces
sary detachments to guard the cities of .Talapa,
Perote and Puebla would leave Gen. Scott a force
amounting to aearre six thousand to advance
upon the city of Metiro.
Santa Anna'a whereabouts was yet veiled in
mystery. The ramp was full of rumors, as ia
always the case, of the purposes of the Mexicans
and the movement! of political and military par
tiea. The gurrillaa do not fiveoer troops at much
trouble as was anticipated. They are probably
doing their office of robbery and maesacre upon
the Mexirana themselves.
We notice with sincere plessure that Gen.
Shields is improving space, and that his recovery
ia almost certain.
We subjoin a letter, from Mr. Kendall of the
latest dates :
Erturial Corrrspnndri-re of the P'caymie.
JAt.srA, Mexico, Msy 11, 1847,
Intelligent Spaniards here, men who have
ample means of inlormati n, tell me thai mat. ,
li-rs at the city of Mexico sre daily geltirg worse
snd worse sll is snarchy and confusion. It
cannot well be otherwise. Confidence is all
pone, money is sll gone, hopn has vanquished.
ami in their place poverty and depir reign su
preme. Thei-nly chance l fl ol opposing the
Aum ricans is to raise a fr- nxv or enthuxissm
rail it which yon will similar to thai planted
in the early r volnt-onirla by Hidalgo, and it is
to be dcsihied whether there is even virtue
enough left in the ceurty to bring shout
such s ropsiimmntion. At the . celebrated
battle of I duces, fought oesr the city of
Mexico, it msy be recollected thst Mnrelos snd
Hidsli'o hid sn immense rshSletn contend a
gainst tho few loyslis-le under Triixitln, and
that such wst the frenxy of the former that in
many instances, during the hottest of the tight,
they ran up and stuffed their hats into the very
months of the Spanish cannon. They cauiiot
get up such a feeling now.
Gen. Worth will probably enter the rich and
populous city of Puebla on Friday next, Gen.
Quitman accompanying him. No of,e anlici
pales oppiwition, but on the contrary it is ssid
that the larger and better portion of the inhabi
tants are glowing more and more tnxiout for
the entrance of the Americana for the protection
they will afford them i gainst the hords of Is
drones snd leperos which have always invested
that city. We hear nothing of tho guerillas of
late they are probably confining themselves
to robbing their own countrymen.
The reports in relation to Santa Anna are
still contradictory, but all agree that he it at or
near Orixitha. He has certainly threatened an
attack upon Vera Cruz, snd slso upon thisplsce,
snd tht te sre those who think, judging from hit
threats and set ions, thst he lias become mad
since his recent reverses. The probability i,
that he keeps his force about him part'y for his
nwn protection, snd partly to be resdy to strike
a blow should a favorable opportunity offer.
Gen. Scoit will probably leave, with Geo.
Twigea, in the course of a few days, for Puebla.
His next movements will depend upon circum
sttneet. .
Gen. Quitintn'ssppoinlment as Major Gene
ral meets with the full approval of the army.
The wound of Gen. Shields, which everyone
at fuel thought would prove mortal beyond
doubt, continues to improve, and the hopes of
his recovery are stronger thsn ever.
I forward thit by the dihgencia. It is con
sidered a very unsafe conveyance, and fur fear
my leltera may be overhauled by the Mexicans,
I cannot ssy half I otherwise should.
Yours, &e. G. W. K.
A train left Vera Crux on the 8th of May,
consisting of shout 400 wagons loaded with sup
plies ofall kinds, includ.ng over $500,000, end
a large number of pack mules. Some fesrs
were entertained for the safety of tbe arrival of
thia train.
A number of deaths are reported at Vers
Crvs. The vomit; it is said, has appeared, and
has produced considerable excitement.
Col. Mav. This gallant officer partook ol a
public dinner last week, tendered him by aomo
of the members of the Louisiana Legislature.
The Delta publishes a report of tha dinner.
The following waa among the toasts:
By Mr. Smith Tie ktullh of out yet in tht
Mau of lft, Charltt May last May he
dined with him aa Coptain May thia Msy be
- 1 lines with us as Culantl Mty
Mav we dine
I with him nest May aa General Mty.
(.alsfrem tasCltr f .
By Ibe Picayune wo have news from the ci
ty of Mexico, up to 28 tk April.
We look first for news from Santa Anna, and
we find him engaged, with the utmost dili
gence, at Orixaba, raising troops. He shows,
aa tbe leltera well sty, incredible energy in re
pairing the lueses he hse sustained, and ere this
ia no doubt at the head of so army very consi
derable in numbers, however inferior in disci
pline. He Is, moreover, according to the papers,
granting permits to guerilla bands.
, An extract of a letter from hie headquarters
st Orisiba, to the El R'publicano, dated 22d
April, is given below;
It appears that the enemy, improving his
triumph, and the s-toniMiment in which he finds
tho people, designs to march upon the cspitsl ;
but I tin tsking measures to organize here a
respectable force, in addition to that at present
under the command of Gen. D. Antonio Loon,
and I can assure the President Substitute, that
with some aid from tho neighboring Stales or
the Supr me Government itself, I shall be able
to harms the rear guard of the enemy with ef
fect until his destruction ia achieved. I have
alresily despatched orders to Gen. Canal zo thai
he protect with his cstulry the fort rets ol Pe
rote, sni! to Gen. Gaona that he place it in the
best state of defence until I can relieve him.
I cannot omit to express to your Excellency
my astonishment at the apathy snd selfudines
of rur citizens in tbe present critical circum-
ttsncrs; and I now deem it necessary, to tnvc
the country, that the Supreme Powert ol the
nation should dictate severe and effective mea
sures to enforce cnmplitnee on the psrt of every
one with thoee duties which society and the
laws impose upon him. If this is not done.it
the nation dors not rife en matte to delend its
most sacred rights, unjustly snd barbarously
trsmpli d upon, infsmy snd scorn, with the loss
of our nationality, v. ill be the results. For my
putt I shall rpare no sacrifice in behalf of tho
country; my life and my blood, my repose and
my fortune, are entirely consecrated to it.
For the present I line established iuy head
quarters here, where I shall receive the orders
which the supreme government msy hsve occa
sion to trammit. Accept a durance, Sic. Go I
ami Liberty ATONiuLoriczuaStNTA Anna."
Not withstanding sll the reverses which San
ta Anna has met, snd the evident dissatiafaction
which prevails agaioet linn by his countrymen,
his government l.ss comfirmrd him in the com
mand of the army by express orders; snd he still
shows s determination to resist the progress of
our army.
Some of the papers were calling for a court
martial on Canalize for his dastardly conduct at
Cerro Gordii.
Each iep in the march of General Scott was
chronicled in the papers of the capital, snd the
excessesof his troops were grestly magnified
and denounced.
The press is loud in itt denunciation of the
proprietors of haciendas who are aelhn? grtin
to Gen. Seott, from which we infer that lie
dors not lack tuppliet.
The prest of the city denounce at cowardly
and infamoutany courte other llitn a war, a
long- wor.
In Tu!uct the casting of cannon waa immedi
ately to be commenced, the prelates of San
Francisco and La Mercede having offered the
bells necesxary for the construction of csnnon.
D. Miguel Orbe, the curate of Huauchinangof
ia raising a company of guerillas, and upon the
following terms :
Hcai'cuinanoo, April 23, 1647.
He who subscribe! this, pledges himself to the
five following articles:
1st. To die defending snd avenging Our La
dy of Guadalupe, and the Catholic, Apostolical,
Roman religion which he professes.
21. To defend the integrity and indepen
dence of his nation.
3d. To pursue with death the A ngln-Americans,
their followers, defenders or allies, who
ever it may be.
4th. To abjure and deteet tho persontl party
of whoever hsve destroyed their country.
5th. To respect til legitimate authority, what
ever it may be, in every thing not repugnant to
the preceding articles.
' These five articles shall be the fundamental
rule of their guerilla, and shall be denominated :
Lu Inturgente Oudalupana.
(Signed,) MioiEL Oast
The owners of the mine, La Lux, have pre
sented or loaned the government of Mexico
$-i5.000 for the expenses of the wsr.
letters had been received in the cspitsl from
San Luit Potosi, announcing that the govern
ment of the state had promulgated a decreo that
every citizen should take up arms, and that the
enthusiasm todefend themselves wss very grest
There were about four thousand troops of the
srmy of the north then in the city. Gen. Tsy
lor, they supposed, waa to move upon them 'turn
Salnllo about the 1st of Msy.
REiNroacKMEirr roa Genual Scott. We
lesrn that a Urge portion of the new Irviea that
were intended for Gun. Taylor have been or
dered to join General Scott, and that only three
infantry regiments, (one of which ia tbe 16th,)
and the 3d dragoons, will be sent to General
Taylor. Tbat portion of the 10th infantry un
der Lieut. Cot. Webb, now encamped at Carroll
ton, will embark to-dsy for the Rio Grande.
They are a Ine body ol man, principally from
Illinois, are already in an excellent etato of
drill and discipline, and exemplary io their coo
duct, Aa one of them ssid, they will show them
I n Mexico that they have mora of theaama kind
I of atnffia Illinois, similar to that which waa at
1 Buena Viata, fi, Q. Bulletin,
i i i ULXVansr99E9999l
Tff"ggB5gSB
THE AMERICAN.
Saturday t May 29, 1847.
I B. fAUnKH, t!oq., sf JUs Remt Et.
tmte and final Office, eomor of 3d mud Cketnut
mretll, VhUiulriphia, mt hit ittoe-o .Ms. 160
JWmomu tttreet, AVsr York, a. E. Corner Bal
timore and Calvert tie., Baltimore. etndJS'u IB
State Street, Booimn, io omthmrited la met aa
Jtgent, and retettd far all mtntet due thie
omre, far oumoertpttau or atlrertimlnr.
E. IV. CARR, corner of Third and Dock
Slreett, Sun ButlJinre, ovvoriie Merchnnit'
Exchange, Philadelphia, it alto authorised to
sstAiiati 4 it a., I V
Democratic Nomination!.
- roa oovkrnos,
FRANCIS R . 8 II 17 N K,
roa canal commissioner,
MORRIS LONUSTRETH,
Of Montgomery County.
Wnia Nominations.
For Governor,
Gin. JAMES 1RVIX.
ForCsnsl Commissioner,
JOSEPH W. PATTOX.
fXj" Pkintinc Ine. A fresh supply ofsuperior
printing ink just received, and for sale at Phila
delphia prices.
07 The absence from home of the eJitor,
will account for our lack of editorial this week.
CP" The packet of papers for Northumberland
haa been accidentally delayed aeveral times.
which we shall endeavor to remedy hereafter.
tt The newt from the Army continues to
occupy the greater portion of our columns.
We are requested to state, that the new
Pnion Baptist Meeting House, near the Delaware
Run, in Delaware township, will be dedicated to
the worship ol Almighty God, on the 5th day of
June next. The Rev. E. Kinkaid will preach
the opening aermon on Sunday, (the day follow
ing.) Other ministers will be present. All
brethren are respectfully invited to attend.
fry A Globioi s Rain. The country had been
suffering severely for the last four weeks, for the
want of rain. Vegetation wat almost parched up.
The wheat and grass crops, in many places, hsve
been much injured. On Saturday evening it
commenced raining, snd continued, with but lit
tle intermission, until Monday evening. On
Wednesday morning, about 2 o'clock, it com
menced again, and continued until noon.
letter from the Army.
We refer our readers to the following interest
ing letter from our young friend, Lieut. Wm. J.
Martin, now in the aimy in Mexico, attached to
Capt. Barnard's company of Voltigeurs. Lieut.
Martin left hers in March last, and took with
him Weiser Ziegler, as a recruit, who he says is
doing well. The Rio Grande cannot be a very
comfortable residence at the present season. We
would much prefer the latitude of Jalaps, or the
city of Mexico, where we presume Gen. Scott is
now quartered.
Camp Pai.o At.to, Tkxas,
May 5th, 184
7. (
II. B. Masssx, Esq. Dear Sir Ws are en-
cemped here nesr the first bsttle field, on the
banka of the Rio Grande a name implyingsome
thing out of the common, order ; snd in fsct, it is
a stresm of such a wandering, winding course,
that when a steam boat cornea up, you think it it
going down; and vice verta. Thit far famed
stresm it narrow not more than 200 yardt in
width, but deep and rapid. Bratoa Island, the
place where we fiist encamped, ia nothing but a
sand bracb ? Tbe tand it to very fine and drift
ing, that you aink ankle deepat each atep. It re
minded me of walking in tbe tnowjust after a
firsh fall. Tho' there it tome difference in the
temperature.
Along the banka, or bearh.it delightful bath
ing, which we II luxuriated in; morning and
evening the men were marched down by compa
nies, and took the water. There was some little
dsnger from sharks, but nothing could dsunt ei
ther officers or men in this heslthful enjoyment.
We Isy encamped at the Brazos one night with
out tny ttntt to cover ut. Tbe men btd their
kntpsacka and great coats, but many of tht offi
eert had ramt on shore without coatt or eloakt
which waa my rate. I however got a b'anket,
and rolled myself in it, Isy down oa a slsb, and
slept very toundly, : Wt did not get our tentt on
thort until next day, near night, and lbs broil
ing sun bsd a fair chance. And if you have a
wiah to get a perfect idea of ths beat, just go in
to an oven when in order for baking bread. We
lay at this place, suffering from want of water,
six daya. Tha water used here is shipped fiom
the Rio Grsnds. Sometimes it gets scarce, and
this bsppened to bs one of tbt timtt. Many of
tbt men tuffered from tbt use of tbt brackish
water found here. By digging dowo soma two
feet, plenty of that kind can bt got.
Wt took up our lint of march on tbe 29th of
April, for tha moutb of tht Rio Grands, soms ten
miles distant. We had a pleasant march en tht
beach, a fine tea breeze blowing all tbt time ;
and although we bad made a lata tttrt in the
dty, ytt wt did not tuffer to much from tht heat
at wt had anticipated. We wart encamped at tha
mouth ont night, and the next day embarked ea
board of a ttetm boat; for tbit place. Coming
up tbe river, we taw oa tbe banks many btauti
ful hortet, and toy number of hornsd cattle.
Tbty are, I understand, tent from above te
graze ; and the water it alto easier ef access,
Barita if titutttd ea a bluf, aeir the bank ef tbe
rivtr, turronnded by a kind of brtatt work and
ditch, made by tbe ' American troops, after
its csptere. We did not stop to look at and ex
amine the spot, bttt the appearance it prteents
from the river, if hf meaae inviting. The
buildings appear te be old and dilapidated, and
not many of them look habitable. At wt patted,
an old Mexican tame down te tbe river bank toil
made a very polite talaam, I can't tay whttber
it wat Intended for ut, or tha boat. Tbe btaka
are Vtry bluff, and the country low very titni.
lar in that rrtpect to that of the Mississippi.
We are pleasantly encamped here. There it
a fine breeze generally, but still tbt best of the
sun is exeetti ve We havt plenty ef fish, caught
by the men, and venison can be got from tbe
Mexicans, who bring into camp oniont, eges,
homtmada sugar, (something like our maple su
gar,) and milk, and sometimes oranges. They
sskCOrts per dozen fur onions, ths "same for
eget, and ont dime for not quite a pint ef goafs
milk, and so on, in proportion. They are a set
of rasoalt ; and if I wtt in command of the camp,
I would not allow them to come in, unlets they
sold their things at a reasonable price.
The Mexicans here, are said to hate tbe upper
Mexicans ; yet the general impreaaion is, that
none are to be trusted. They have a cast of
countenance something similar to Indians, tho'
not so nobis. Tbey will steal all they can lay
there bauds on ; and no doubt would murder all,
if their nwn security did not deper.d upon ths
way in Which tbey conduct themselves.
We have encamped here, 2 companies of dra
goons, 4 companies of voltigeurt, and S companies
of infantry, under command of Col. A C. Ram
sey, of the 1 1 th Regt. of Infantry, and "Majors
Morgan tnd Talbot, The men are aa fine a bo
dy of troops aa ever wsrt tent into tbit country;
and at for the officers, generally speaking, a
finer set of gentlemen I never met. Tbey are a
sociable and frank set of gallant men which it
the most suitable compliment I can pay them, at
present. When I become more particularly ac
quainted with each individual, lean speak more
pointedly.
We art within about 5 milet of the battle
field of I'alo Alto, and tome 8 milet from that of
Renacn dc la Palma. I purpose visiting them if
possible, in company with Lieut. Cochrane, who
had a brother killed in tbe last named battle.
We have found numbera of balls here, either lost
in their cartridges or spent balls of the fight. In
three days will bs ths anniversary of the two
errat battles of the Stb and 0th of May Then
I wish to visit those fields. Lieut. Cochrane
withes to find the place where his brother fell ;
and I wish to see the spot upon which was spil
led the first drop of American blood, in a war
with a nation not much better than negroes.
Night before last, a party of us went to a Fan
dango. There wat preaent a large number of
Mexicant, male and female. The men are dark,
snd the woman dark and homely. Tbe officers
danced with them; some aa old as the bills, and
others young but by no means prepossessing.
Tbey play on a guitar, te which they dance.
They also have a game of cards, called monte,
very much like the game of faro. They are ex
cessively fond of gambling. Whileat the rancho
at which this fandango came off, (which was giv
en in honor of a bride who had just got married,)
a report came, tbat a band of Canales men were
below, at a wood-yard about 1 milet below
ramp. I he officers returned to camp, and aome
one or two were considerably tctred, I think.
They said the rancberoa had surrounded the
bouse, and tbat tome were even intide. Scouts
were sent off to stcertsin where the rsneheros
were. I dont know what report they made. It
ia certsinly necessary to be careful and prudent
with these people, as 1 hsve no doubt they are
all banded together, the ssme ss we would be in
case of sn invasion into our country; but with
this marked difference we would fight a fair,
mmly, honorable kind of fighting, whilst they
ars sneaking, treacherout and cowardly.
Falo Alto.
It it stated by the N. T. Evening Mirror,
that another secret mission to Mexico for peace
haa come to light. Mr. Beach, of the New York
Sun, who has jutt returned from the city of
Mexico, it it ssid was commissioned by the Pre
sident to mske a treaty of peace, and settle the
affairt of tht belligerent nationt.
Later treat Vera Crai.
Illinoi Volunterri arrived at Sew Orleant Gu
erilla Attack upon Dragoon Encampment
Seven Killed and Three Wounded Captain
Walker in Purtuit of the Marauder i Tht
Vomito.
An arrival at New Orleans brings ons dsy la
ter intelligence from Vera Crux. Seven compa
nies of tbe Third Illinois regiment have reached
New Orleant by tbit arrival.
There are no further accouatt from the army
advancing on tbe Capital.
Tbe Pictyune gathert a few itemt of interett
from Major Count da Bongara.aid to Gen. Shields,
who htt arrived at New Orleant. Ht bringt tht
information that en the night tha vestal sailed
from Vera Cruz, a small party of Amsrisan dra
goons were surprised st Santa Ft, a small village,
fourteen miles from Vera Cruz, by a band of
Mexican robbtrtor guerillas. There wereelevtn
dragoons in the party, and all asleep but the sen
tinel. The Mexicans rushed upon him, whsa
his piece missed firs snd wit unable to give the
alarm. A scuffle ensued, in which tbe tentinel
wtt killed. The gusrillst tbsn dsshed upon the
rest of the party, by tbia lime issuing from their
tent, tix ef whom wbsre killed and three wound
ed only one escaping unhurt.
As toon aa tbe tidings of tbit affair leached
Vara Crax, Captain Walker, with bia riflti,
wsre ordered ia pursuit ef the marauders.
Tbe apprehended attack upon Vera Cruz, by
Santa Anna, has bees entirely dispelled.
Aa occasional case ef the vomito wat occur
ring, bet there wm bo increase of the disrate. .
Gin. Pillow left New Orleans 'en the 13th
imt , for bit hoiTit TeWeiMt,