TERMS OF THK " AMERICA W
H. B. MA8SER, Ptretisotat s
JOSEPH EISELY. $ PaoraieT.
,-;.,; ,,: AT., M JBJtSSKH, KAttmr. -i
OJfat in Ctntri'Aitey, iniht rear of ifc Mo
.. iV.. . .. -..f , er' Store. . r ' ... ?' :
THE AMETftfCATs pubTTshed every Satur
day at TWO DOLLARS ni annum to b
ald betf yearly lit advance. No paper diecontln
ued till all arrearages ere feU.
No subscriptions received for leaa period than
aiv BOKTaf. All eommunicationa pr lettera oo
business relating to the office, to iniure attention,
must ba POST PAID.
WATCHES JEWELRY,
o-t K AT TBB . , ' '
Philadelphia HVfcA and Jewelry Store,''.
N, 96 North SECOND street, corner of Quarry.
GOLD Lever Watches, full
jewelled, 18 carat esses, f 45 00
fetter Lever Watches, full
jewelled,
SilVer J.ever Watches, e-
t van jewels, . ' .
Watch., jewelled, fined
S3 00
19 00
SHIM BUB.Y AMEMtAN.
AND SHAMOKIN JOURNAL.
Absolute acquiescence In the decisions of the majority, the vital principle of Republics, from which there t no appeal bat to force, the vital principle and immediate parent of deapotianv Jamaeoir.
ttj HnHtr A, Etaely.
Bunburr, IVorthnmbcrltuMl C. Pa. Saturday, May 15, IS4T.
Xot. T So. JU IThole W, 810
14 00'
10 00
. 00
$ 00
1 7S
S 50
3 00
(tilver Lepioe
quality, . . , .
Superior Quartirr Watches,
Imitation Qusrtier Watches, not warranted,
Geld Spectacle, "
Fine Silver Spectacle, .
Oild Brae, lets with topac atones,
Ladies Gold Pencil. IS carats,
Gold ringer Kings 37 cts to $9 ; Wa'ch G'as
see, plain, 12 cts patent, I8j ; Lunrt. 25. O
ther articles in propmtion. All goods warranted
to lie what they r aol.l for, O. CON HAD. ,
1)n hand, some Gold and Silver Levers, Lepines
and Quertiers, lower than the abnve prices.
Philsdelphit, DiC 6, 1846. I v
ESTABLISHMENT.
DANIEL nRUCKEMII.LEn,-
At hi Old Eetabliihinent, in Market Street,
,. : : . Bunbury,
. (opPOeiTE TUB RED LION HOT EI,) .
RETURNS hia lhanka for pist favors, and re
spectfully informs hia fiienda and the puMic
Knrrally, that he continues to manufacture to or
der, tnVi nea'est and latest etvle.
. CHEAP HOOTS ASH SHOES,
warranted uf the heal mati'ti il, and made by the
moat espeiicnred workmen. He also keeps on
hand a general assortment of faahionaldn Boot for
gt-nttt-men, together with a large stork uf f.ishinn
atle genU.'inen',lo lailii's' and child; en's Shoes,
all of which have heen mule under bis own imme
diate insiection, and are of the heal material and
workmanship, which he will sell law fit caab.
In aAiVflron to the alovr, he has juat received
roin riiilad. Iphia a large and eitonstve supply of
Uoots, 8hoes, Ac, of all descriptions, which he also
oilers for cash, cheaper titan ever before ofT. rnd in
this place. He respectfully invites hia old custo
mers, and others, to call and namine for them
si Ives. -
Repairing done with neatness and despatch.
Kuniury August I5ih, 1846.
IM AN OS.
THE 8UD8 'RIDER has been appointed agent,
for tl.a sule of CONRAD MEYER'S CEL
EBRATED PREMIUM ROSE WOOD PI
ANOS, at this place. These Pianos have a plain,
missive and brsaiiful eiterior fii.l-h, and, for depth
and sweetness of lone, and elegance of workman
ship, are not surpaaed by any in the United Slates.
The following is a recommendation from CL
Dicts, s cclcbrited performer, and himself a man
ufacturer: '
A CARD.
Hsvitta had the pleasure ol trying the eicel.
I. ni Pi.no Fortes manfoctun-d by Mr. Meyer, and
eihihlted at the Ust eibibitioo of ihe Fr.nklin In
stituie, I feel it due to the true merit of the maker
to rViclare that these instruments are quite equal'
nil in simi rrsnects even superior, to all the Pi
ano FwiVs, I saw at ihe capitals of Euiope, and
.i...:.w atwinm nf two veara al Paris. .
Yhe Pianos will he old at the manufacturer's
lowest Philadelphia prices, if not something low,
iwn, mr reuoested la call and examine for
thcrrrselvwis l Ihe reii.tence of the subscriber.
Kunhury, Msy 17, 1845. H. B. MASSER.
-. vs ..From Iht Phila. Ledger, May
lltGItLr IM PORTA NT PHOH JIKXICO.
Another Vletr-Tfai Rente mt Bawta'
Pitched Baltic by General Scott FixThoiiMnH
Mexican Primneri lfcen Five Hnndrerl
Americana Killed and Wounded Gn.' La
Vega apain a Prif oner Santa Anna Rseaped
Gen. ShieUJa Mortally Wounded Gener
al Pillow Slightly Wounded Major Sumner
Killed Leut. Maury,' Gibbe and Jsrvia
Wounded.
We received last night, through; the .Tele
graph from our correspondent at Fredericksburg
the highly important newa from Mexico, of
ileiprrale buttle between General Scott and
Santa Anna, atCerro Gordo, in which victory
again perched upon the American banners, and
Santa Anna wae completely muted. - Six thou
sand of hi troops have been made prisoners, and
several of hia Generals fallen into our hands
This is described aa ona of the greatest bottles
which has yet been fought, and the aucceaa bril
liant beyond example.
The victory, like moat of those won in the
present war, hae not ' been gained, however
without severe lose on our aide, the killed and
wounded of our brave troops amounting to four
or five hundred. We shall be anxious to re
ceive a more detailed and particular account of
this last, and, we hope, the final and decisive
fight.
We wish to know particularly the share the
Pennsylvania troops had in winning it, and who
among them, if any, have paid for its purchase
by the sacrifice of their lives. Like all the first
Counterfeiter
DEATH BLOW.
The pnllrc will pleeee observe that no Brandreth
Pills era senuine. unless the box hae three Is
bels npon It, (the top, tbe sile and the bottom)
ronisieiitig a fe-imHe stgnature of my hand
writing, thus 0. B asdbstn, M. V. I neee la.
.i. amrraved on steel, beautifully designed
and done at an expense of over f 2,000. Therefore
it will be seen that the only ming necessary so pro-
cure the medicine in its purity, is to observe In
labels.
Aemember the top, the aide, and the bottom,
The following reapectfv mraoM ate duW auihoti
ed, and hold
fltHTmOATEf OP AOENOT
For the sale of Hrandretk't Vegetable Ihiiverttd
ruu. . - i
Northumberland county MHton Mackey & ,
Cbambeilin. Sunbury H. B. Mseeer. M'Ewene
vitle Ireland A. Meixell. Norlhumliland Wm.
Forsyth. Georgetown J. J. WaHa.
Union County t New Berlin Bogar dc Win
ter, . Selinsarove George Gundiumf Middle
burg Isaac Smith. Beaveriown David HuMer.
Adamaburg Wm. I. May. Mifttinsbarg Mensch
Al Rsy. Hsrtleton Daniel Long. Freeburg
G. A. F, Cv Mvyec. Iwiaburg Walla & Green.
Columbia county t Danville E. B. Reynolds
A. Co. Berwick Shuman k Rittenhouse. Cat
tawiasa C. G. BiohU. Bloomtburg John R.
Moyer. ieisey Tnwn Levi Bisel. Washington
Root. McCay. Limestone BalKx. ft M;Nl"h.
Observe that each Agent has an Engraved Cer
tinrjate of Atrrrry, -coWamlng a repreaenUlion of
Ur BRANDRETH'S Manufactory at Sing Sing,
nd upon which will also be seen exaA copies of
the new Imbeie e0 meed fen the Brandreth Pill
Boxes.
rbttadetpbie. office No. 8, North Bib street.
B. BRANDRETH, M. D.
unet4th l4.t.
I.eorfrc J. , WcsiTcr
bOPC MAKSR eV SBZP CHANIH.Sltt.
fh. 1 1 h'orik Woftr Sirttl, Philidetphi.
WaTAS eonalantty on hand, a general asaori
If I merit of Cordage, Seine Twmea, &e., vie t
TaVJ Ropaat, Fishing Bopee, White Bopaa, Alaoil
la Ropes, low Unas for Canal Boaia, . Also, a
eompktm asaortment of Seine Twlnaa, Ac such as
e.?Ti" kVi .A H-rrin. Twine. Beat Patent UiU
N,t twinavCotUMi Shad and Herring Twuae.Shoe
Threada. Jtc Ac AUo, Bed Ci'l. PIUh Llnaa,.
Halters, Trscee, Cotton and Linen Carpet unains,
dbo., all el which ha will diapoaa ot M waaoaabU
tarmav 1 1 ..' i ' i .'i . ' '
Philadelphia. Jlevember iaf U42-ly. . , . .,
Tl IX iJUWtetbe 4m.i qaltty ug "
jVit Melaeaea.Mly t cents per qaartt also, a
.tperlne artUla ef yellow Molasses far bekiag ,
u i U cento pes quart for sale at t east ere af
"aa 19, IMi? HIN1T MAS8ER.
ccntintR, the fact of the victory is announced
merely, leaving the particulars, equally aa in
teresting to the public, to follow. Three we
shall prohibly receive by telegraph this after
noon, if the mail does not fail beyond Fredericks-
burg. The newa la taken from the New Or
leans papers.
. ,,' FamKairiiSBfBo, (Va.,) May 7,
By the Steamship McKim, which left Vera
Cruz on the 20th, the following, glorious newa
has been received from the scene of action.
On the afternoon of the 17th ult., the advance
under General Twiggs, numbering 6178, en
countered the enemy, when severe, but inde
cisive, conflict . ensued. Aa the general order
showe that General Scotl'a intention waa to give
battle only on the 18th, this action wae brought
on bv the Mexicans. The main battle occur'
red on by the 18th, and resulted in the complete
trinmph of tha American arms. ' Santa Anna
made bis escape after the route of the army.
Gen. La Vega waa again taken prisoner, with
five other Generate, a long Hat of Colonel and
subordinate officers.
Plate Dn, Rro, April 17 It o'clock, A. M.
The division of Gen. Twigga started two
hours since, and a heivy cannonading haa al
ready commenced npon his lines from the ar
tillery oflhe Mexicans forcra. At intervale,
too, the rattlingofrmall arms it heard distinctly
from the e'r.igoone.
5 o'clock, P. M I have just returned from
the scene of conflict, and a bloody one it haa
been on this side of the farthest Mexican fort.
No one waa seen in possession of it last evrti
ing but thia morning it waa found to ba occu
pied by tha enemy's light troops, and to force
it at once was deemed indispensable. 1
For thia purpose, the Riflre, tinder Major
Saltner, besides a detachment of artillery and
infantry, were ordered tn charge up the rug
ged accent Thia they did gallantly, driving
tha Mexicans after a desperate rretstance.
Tbey were obstinate in their defence, and
great number of the enemy were kittled, while
on our aide the loss was severe. Major Sumner
waa shot in the head with a musket. Ijeute.
Maury and Uibbe, of the Rifles, were wounded;
also Lieut. Jarvia, of the 3d Infantry. I could
not learn that any of our officers were killed
the entire loss on our aide waa estimated at one
hundred,
About 3 o'clock, the enemy made a demon
stration on a fort in the neighboring heights to
the one our men had captured as if with the in
tention of retaking it, but it all ended in their
marching down the hill, blowing a moat terri
fic charge on their trumpets, firing a Itw shote
sn I then retiring.
Their appearance, aa they came down the
hill, was certainly moat imposing. Tba can
non on tha hill meantime kept up a continuous
firing on Gen. Twigga' linea doing little execu
tion, however, other tha a cutting down the trees
and brush. A we returned to camp the fire
waa s'.ill continued.
The enemy had evidently ascertained the
poeitiooof the road, which haa just been cut,
with accuracy, but the balls principally went
To day, five Genereir, Lionels enough to
command ten such armls as ours and other tiffl
cere innumerable, have been lakon pfiaontf,
together with six thou sand men, and the rest of
tha army driven and routed, with the loss of ev
ery thing ammunition, cannon, baggage and
baggaga trains, and nothing but the impossibili
ty of finding tho road, which prevented ' our
dragoons from reaching their works, ' enabled
any of Santa Anna's ' greed army to escape, In
cluding his own illustrious person.' ' ' ' '
Santa Anna's travelling coach, with all hia
pipere, valuables, snd even his wooden eg, has
fallen into our hands, together with all the mo
ney belonging to the army.
No one anticipated when aroused from his
bivouac this morning, such a complete victory.
Five hundred will cover the total loss of the
Americans In killed and wonnded ; had it not
been for the positive cowardice of Santa Anna,
who ran before the battle was half lost, it would
have been far greater. : '
No ona can eetlmate tha loss of the Mexicans.
They are scattered in hots by the road side and
in every direction. J
What disposition will be made of the prison
era ia not yet known ; they may be all aet at
liberty on parole, on account of feeding thrm
and in order to accelerate the advance move
ment of the army.
It waaGeeeral Scntt'a intention to push on
towards the City of Mexico with all haste.
. Arnrt. 19th.
The route of the Mexicans last evening was
total and complete. The remain of the army
were pursued to within 4 mile of Jala pa by Gen.
Twippe, at which point tin y all dispersed, so
that there waa none to follow. j
Santa Anna himself escaped by cutting a
saddled mule from tba harness of hia magnifi
cent eoaoh, mourning him and subsequently ta
king to tha chapparel. A aervice ot tnaaaive
ailver, all hia papers, money, and every thing
in tho carriage, even hia dinner, was captured.
Tha Mexican loss open the height waa dread-
t.KTTBits rnon cai.iron.ti a '
' ' MosTCTtT, California, Nov. 1,' 184G.
To the ForTORn of trk North AMraicAti:
(lenlU men :ln wirhing to give you all the
true information in my power respecting Cali
fornia t cannot avoid mentioning ite productions
of many various kinds of , exquisite fruits. In
fact, California from one end to the other, is
capable of being metamorphosed into a perfect
orchard, ,
There are twenty-one Missions in Uppar
California, and eacliofthrm have one or two
large orchards, consisting ot from four to ten
acres of land. ..All of these ocharda are full of
fruit trees, of different kinds and classes, and
notwithstanding they have had no care taken
of them for the last six or eipht years, (many
of them nr not so much a fenced in) etill they
yield fruit in abundance, and io my certain
knowlivlgf, none uf these fruit trees' h-ve hnen
pruned, or attended to in any manner what
ever (unless to strip them oftheir fruit) fur the
space often years.
Besides the orchards, which contain apples
and peara of various kinds, p achre, pomogratea
plums, tiectarinrs, and in the more southern
part of the Territory, oranges in abundance.
They have each, with the exception of two mis
sions, one or two large vineyards, which pro
duce both Ihe b'uc grapa and the Muscatel in
the highest perfection ; the vines some Indi
viduals take tho trouble to pmne every yeir.
and in the month of Spttmber gather the' rich
clusters, which very amply rewards them for
their trouble.
Xorembrr 6lh, 1P46 In the yrar 1325 Ca
lifornia was overstocked with hows, and horn'
ed cattle, snd r-htMp; and the nativeacot eider
ing horses of less value thau sheep or horned
cattle, kil'ed fT many thousands of the former
that room might be left, and pasture for the o-
ther kind. They would mske large ovna near
some wood,- and then twenty or thirty men
would muster, and crivo in horses and maree
by hand reds, and after picking out each of them
ful, the ground in places around waa covered M (hey tonB,dorea ,0 nf , be quality, they
lassoed and strangled the retnatnrtpr.'
with the dead and wounded. Col. Patacio was
found there mortally wounded. Their loss oo
the retreat waa terribly severe; every by-path
was strewn with the dead. Had our dragoone
been able to reach them in season, all would
have been killed or captured Santa .Anna
among them.
Canalca, with hia noted lancer, bad the
prudence to vanish early. Even up to this time
it ia impossible tn give anything like a full
and correct list of the wounded officers. The
Mexican officers taken prisoners had arrived at
Vera Cruz. Gen, Shields is ceverely, and it ia
feared mortally wounded. . , ,
Gen. Pillow waa slightly wounded whilo
storming the fortification commanded hy Gen.
La Vega. A number of other American officers
wounded.
EniTonUL DtattiTV. Theedilorof the ten
don Times in remarking on the late scandalous
affaira of Ihe King of Bavaria, says:
"We cannot conclude our remarka without
In the yrar' 1827, Captain Jfdediah Smith
came into this country overland from St. Ixiuis,
and bought three hundred and ninety even
head nl horses and mule,' ef Ihe best kino that
could bo found in. the country; and onlj onp
horse amongst then cost a high as fifVr-n dollar
the average price he paid for them was about
nine dollars.
In 1829 soinn New Mexicans came here, and
bought many bund red a of mares, at the low
price of fifty cents each, and among them were
some very splendid animals; Ihe following year,
the Wild Indian began to steal horses from the
settlement', and between these, snd the New
Mexican traders, the settlements have been left
literally without a liorae to addle.
Dut still, California, rich in all her produc
tions, haa a resource, which with some attention
fronj government, may be marie inexhaustible.
I On I he. Tulare plains are number of wild
. horre and marra, ( think I may say, without
alluding to circumaianeea in tbeeo proceedings : the least exaggeration, that have Been on U.:e
whicb really lend tn compromise the character j plain in the course of two day travel, forty
of our own peculiar craft. The last time that j thousand wild borrca and mares, and amongst
King Loui appeared conspicuously on the Euro-1 them are some aa noble rooking animals aa ever
I raw in my life. These for the last fifteen
year have formed a complete nursery of horeea
for California. Pot the natives, who haveno-
fbrtrmught whatever, and have no feeling for
dumb animals, if they are allowed by the autln
ritiea to act they have been doing for the last
ten or fiteen ycare, will soon destroy this whole
rsce of useful animal. The people here form
in parties of eight or ten men, and go and catch
aa many of these horses aa they can ; they are
generally gone ten or fifteen days, and should
they through mUtake catch a mar, they imme
diately slaughter her from mere wan tonnes..
And in the months of April and May, which ie
the time the mare are breeding, they very of
ten atart a band of from two hundred to a thou
sand head, and a they run them bare?, tire
yonng cnlte are either trampled down or lelt be
hind; and all ihrwe o left are killed in the nipht,
by wolvea or foxea 5 consequently it insy easily
beennceivtd how many hundreds of each yea'
breed are loct and destroyed in thia manner,
over.
; At 8 o'clock, Gen. Shialda waa ordered to
supporfGaiieral Twigga, with three regimant
ot volunteers.
. : , ' Cami Pl.te Dm. Rio. .1
. ' The Americans have achieved another gla
rtoogaod brilliant victory against an outnum
bering forc, which looked aa imprtgiaUa aa
Gibraltar. Ona after another their works have
keen taken.
pcan stage, was in the capacity which ha had
just aasumed of sole joiirnalial for hia own do
minions. He is not only Bavaria' monarch
but ha ia patentee and editor of the State Ua
actte, and ho should remember that he ha now
a double repulaton to austain,
For the eak of hi new profession hi Majesty
must be cautious. If a king can do no wrong,
an editor can do a great deal, and we can assure
him that, ha will find no uch impunity accor
ded to him in hi latter capacity a tradition and
loyalty secure him in hia former."
Of cnurae we have no right to intetft-re in
European affairs, but we think that the Time
and other leading Journal of Europe should
oust such a fellow aa Kinj; Leopold from the
editorial fraternity, by striking hia paper off
their exchange list. If such character aa
erowned heads get into tho editorial prufoasioo,
it respectability will be gone.
A Cuaiotia Calculation, What ia a billion '
The reply ia eery aimple; a million times a
million. Thia ia quickly, wrjtteo, and quicker
etill pronounced. But no man ia able to count
it. You couot 160 or J70 a minute; but let
ua even suppose that you go as far as 200, then
an hour will produce 12.0U0; a day, 288,000 ;
and a year, or 805 days (for every four years
yoa may real from counting, during leap year)
105,120,000. , Let us suppose now, that AtJatn,
at tba beginning of his existence, ,bd begun to
count, had continued to do eo, and waa counting
alii 1 ha would not avu now, according to Ihe
usually auppoaed age of our globe, bare counted
near enough. For to count a billion, ha would
require 9,512 year, Si days, 5 hoar, "d 20
minute, according to tba above rule, now,
auppoaiog wa were to allew the poor counter
twelve eoore daily for rcet, eatiag.aod aleepiog
he would need 19.024 yeara, W deye, 10
hours, and 40 minutes !
The saddle the woman tides ba a kind of lea
thern apron which hangs over the horse rump,
and completely covers hi hinder part a far aa
halfway down the leg ; this likewise, to be
eemptete, must be embroidered with alike of
different color and gold and silver thread; from
the lower part, upwards, It open in six er eight
parts, and each of theae parte is furnished with
a number of small pieces of iron or copper, so aa
to make a jingling noise like ao many amall
erarked belli. I have seen one ef these anrona
ith three bundled and aixty of theae amall jin
gles hanging to it.
The moment a child is born on a farm in Ca
lifornia and the midwife has bad time to clothe
it, it ia given to a man on horseback, who rides
post hsite to some Mission with the hew born
infant in hia arms, and in company with the fu
ture godfather and godmother, who present it to
a prirtt for baptiim ; this sacrament having been
administered, the party return and the child
may rest sometimes a whole month without tak
ing an excursion on horseback, but after the
lapse of this time it hardly escapes ona day
without being on horseback antiltha day of sick
ness or death.
Thus by tba time a boy ia ten or twelve yeara
of age he becomes a good horseman, and it ia
dilftenlt to get him to do any kind of work on
font, and almost any Calitornian would think lea
hard of riding on hnndred mile than he would
of working four hour on foot ; add to thia that
most of the labor in California ba necenarily
been effected by meana ef men on horseback
The taking care of cattle and horses, laating
them, and going auch long jorneye a they are
constantly obliged to travel, haa made them ex
pert horsemen to an extraordinary degree:
The horses themselves are of a hardy nature,
as may be seen by the inhuman manner in which
they are generally treated by the natives. ' If a
man wanta to travel from thirty to forty miles
from hia place of reaidence, he saddles his horse
and monnta him; en his arrival at the town or
place of destination, he ties him to a ' post : he
may in some eases give him a drink of water, and
should he remain away from home (bar or five
days his horse gets nothing but water, withoat
food all that time, and if be ia a horae of the mid
dling claaa of Californian boraes, be will travel
these thirty or forty miles back, again with the
aame free gait at which b. at sited an a full belly
and good condition of course this Is only in the
aummer aeason . when the grass haa good sub
stance and the horse ia in good order. -
I aeppose thia will hardly be credited by some
of the fai mere and horse jock eye in tha United
States, but it ia nothing beyond the truth, and
besides, a horse when completely equiped for a
... .. . , .j..
journey in Ibis country generally carries Dcaiaes
hie rider a weight of from fifty-five to sixty
pounds of saddle gear, and should the weather be
rainy and the aaddl get wet, the weight la don-
bled It require two large termed ox kid to
fit out a Californian saddle, add to tbi the wood
en stirrups three inches rbiek, .the aaddla tree,
stent iron ring and borkles, with m pair f spore
weighing from (onr ta six pounds, a pair a goat
skins laid across the pummel of tba taddU, with
large pockets in them, ane which reach below
the atirrwp. and a pair of heavy hatatare with the
largest kind of horse pistols, ebd" t think it will
be found t have rather Ml short than exaggera
ted in my statement of the weight which a horae
in thia country baa to carry on a joorney, not
withstanding they travel very freely aodara
active in thtir motiona.
' aTBicea or AprroTiMwcr.
I square 1 Inaertrsei, ' : f M
1 de . S ao,, .,--.. T
t do I , do . . 1 06
Evarv rubseq sent insertion, - f
Yearly Advortiaaraent ne column, frie j hah
eolamn,tl three equeree, lit; two squares, ft t
ona equara, fiA. Half-yearly t awe eoramn, f It ;
half eolumn, Sit t three sqrarss, ft two squares,
61 one s.oa t
AdverUrearjanU kit without directions ss te the
length of tiato they are to be published, wilt ro
continued until ordered out, and charged accord
CJ-Sixteea Unas or lee. make a square.
mmmmm mmmm smiji
ly, and even then it lasts an immsnte length ef
tim. I am well acquainted with a rich farmer
in thia country who built a cattle pen of tbi
wood in the yesr 1834, and th tanchion. where
none of the outside or white part of tba tree haa
been used, are not the least decayed. Several ot
the old house in the Mission of San Carlea were
pulled down thia year for the purpose of getting
the timber tbey contained, and which was red
weed, and the beams and lintel were a oond,
to all appearance! as the dsy they were put into
theae bouses, which must have been some sixty
or seventy yeara ago,' and yet by driving thtf
plane once over them they showed as beautiful
and bright a red aa the day they were cut down.
For ehinglea tbi timber ba not it equal, ei
ther for the ease with which it is worked er for
its durability. I have aeen a man make by hand
that ia to say split, ahave ard joint, fifteen hun
dred a day for two month at a time.
Thia tree ia fond of hilly ground ; it ia aeldora
found on level places, but in the valley and on
th sides and tops of mountain, it grow in im
mense grove, and the great demand there ia for
it both in tbia country and at tha Sandwich Is
land, prove the uperiority of it to all other
kinds of timber on the tbore of the north Paci
fic Ocean. I have called it the red pine, because
I have heard many dispute between botanists a
to it proper name, and it appear to me to re
emble some specie of pin nearer than any
thing else- w. G.
RuKMita the GoatD. Gen. Taylor at ona
period during the Florida war, issued strict
ordera that nospirtuou liquor should be admit
ted inside the line. Tbia waa a aad privation,
and caused the whole command to become tha
driest aet of fellow that ever camped in a
swamp. Ona ol the anldiera, driven to despera
tion, resolved to run the guard, or we should
ray crawl tha guild. Providing himself with
a jug, ha succeeded, at the risk of a bullet, in
passing out with the article and in with the li
quor; but just ss he was nesring the tent where
his mesa waa waiting for the supply, he encoun
tered the. General leisurly sauntering through
tha encampment. , .
"Here, you, eir !" inquired the commander
in a severe tone,.wwhat have you got in that
jug
Nowmber 64, 1846. Perhaps there is no
country to tha world, generally speaking,
where the inhabitanla are ao much on bora,
back, aa in California, or where there era bet
ter ridera and it may almost literally ba eard
that many of them are born 00 horseback, a I
shall show in the Bfqari. '
We may likewise almost aay that they are
married on boreeback,"for the day the marriage
contract ia agreed on between the parties, the
bridegroom' first care i to beg, buy, or borrow
and sometime teal, the' beat borse that can ba
found in his district ; at the same time, by
soni of theae meana, ha haa to get a aaddle,
with ailver mounting bout Ihe bridle, and tha
overleathere of tba aaddle must be embroidered.
It matter not boar poor the partiee may be, the
artklae above mentioned art dispensable to Iht
weddiag.
Soi rm her S.VA, 1846 I shall now give yott
an account with the description of th piincipal
classes of timber in California, beginning with
the red pin tree. Thia tree commonly grew
from two hundred and fifty to three hundred feet
high. I have measured one when felled that wa
three hundred and Iweaty-eeven feat from the
butt to (he point or head ; thia waa by no meana
an uncommon ixed tree, being but nin feet in
diameter where it waa cut off, and the largest
ever I w measured while standing was forty
two feet in circumference. I have heard ef much
larger ones, but never saw one ; these tree all
ma very regular in their dimension from th
bottom to lop. The heart of a young tre be
gina te turn red at about ix year old, ihe out
id from two t three inrhet in thickn, al
ways remaining white ; the bark ia stringy and
difficult to tut through, even with th sharpest
ai ; it may wall be compared to tbe husk of the
cocoa nut. The leaf and burr are very similar
to those of th spruce tree it contains som
rosin snd 1 have seen several tree felled in th
pring of th year which have discharged aa
much aa a barrel of water tha moment tb axe
has attack Ihe heart of them.
The timber which thia tree prodoeea ia inval
liable for its durability, the worm doea not enter
it after it bai been put to uae, though while th
tree ia standing there il a worm which i very
injurious to it, lwy entering st th bottom or
th branches where the knot is tmo.t qual t a
flint aton. and alwaya eata upwards, so that a
tree is very ofUu found to be sound and good
high spas the first branch, and above that it
sometime found fraatly injard hy tb wormt
but whenever the tree I eat down and dried tkia
worm die, and ao other lnet ever aatera lb
woodand If it ia properly seasoned before helef
pat ta uae, 1 cannot say if eve it rata at all, t
lees it b put fa sews plaee it) tbefteaed where
it is e pod te the wet and dry aant alternate-
" Water ! General," raid the soldier.
"Come here, air, and let me emell that wa
ter," aoid hi commander-
The murder waa out; he, approached, how
ever, and aubmitted the jug.
"You iied to me, fir," said tho General, "snd
deserve punishment." .
' "I got it lrom Bill Itanaon' shanty, sir," tvi .
the soldier, "nd if it aint water ha deceived
me.
; "He did, eh 1" inquired the commander
"then Bill Hansen deserve the punieement.
Pour it oot, and go tell him thtt if he dn'l fur
aiehyotir mesa more wholesome water I will
raiee the very d I with hia eatahlUhmpnt."
The soldier poorvd it out, and the General
walked on, but tho . fvrmer returned to his tent
vithoejt trying Billoe tha gutrd a second timo.
Whm Ite returned to the mess he said ha
waao't quite eeeYw aa when he started, for the
Genrral bad caused every pore in hia body to
tow a stream ot perseiration. St. Louie Re-
Kilt. '
Jcrr.rsan,
! Mr. Jefferson was beyond the ordinary di
aieneiona, being upwards of aix feet two inchea
in height, thin, but well formed, erect in his
carriage, and imposing in hi appearance. Ilia
complexion waa fair, hair, originally red, became
white and silvery in old ge, hi rye were light
blue, sparkling with intelligence anJ beaming
with philanihrophy ; hia now was large, and
forehead broad, and his whole countenance in
dicate great sensibility and profound thought,
Hia mannera were aimple and polished, yet dig
nified, and all who approached were rendered
perfectly t ese, both by hi republican halite
nd genuine politeness, Hi disposition b-wg
cheerful, hi conversation w lively and enthu
siastic; remarkable for the purity of hi collo
quial diction and the correctneaa of hi phrase
ology. Ho disliked form nd prde. and hia
dresa wa remarkably plain, nd often alovenly.
Benevolence and liberality were prominent
traita of hia disposition. To hi elavet he waa
an indulgent maeter. Aa a neighbor he waa
much eateemed for hi liberality and friendly
office. A a friend, he wa ardent, unchange
able,' aa a boat, the munificence of hospitality
was carried to tho exceaa of self impoverish
ment. Ha poaeeaaed great fortitude of mind.
and hia command or temper waa auch that ba
waa never aeen in a pv ion.
Aa a mat of letters, aad a votary of science,
he acquired high distinction. In the claaice,
and in aeveral European laoguagea aa well aa in
mathematics, bt ettaiaed a proficiency tot com
moo in American etudenta. Sielmen'a Alan.
utL
la Pittabwrg a young man named Drum acta
aa a bar keeper io a hotel. An acquaintance,
lot wboaa bt waa preparing a whiskey punch,
remarked thai ha never before tndervluod
sthakspeatt't cpreaito tl tha "spirit elirrie?
Drum."