Trnns or tub ameiucax."
It. B. MARKER, ' I Puausitnnn AKD
JOSEPH EI8EUY. $PoiTon :
r, B, JtA&SKU, EdiUr
OJice in CmtrijUey,lnihi rear ef li. Mat
ter'! Store.)
THE " AMERICAN" lipubliVhfJ every Satur
day at TWO DOLLARS par annum to be
paid hiilf yearly in advance. No paper dieconlin
tied till all arrenrna;ee am paid.'
No aubscriptiona received for a leaa period than
m jiontbi. All communication! or letters on
business 'relating to the office, to Insure attention,
must be POST PAID.
REMOVAL:
.1 O II N. II. P U It D Y,
RESPECTFULLY- inf.irraa hi. f.ienda and
customers, that hp lino removed hi stork of
cm la to the Stone House, nn Maiket square, form.
etlv occupied by Mr. NVm. Dewart, where he will j
be happy to serve his old customer and the pub i
lie generally, on ai gom) trtma, and at aa law pri-
cm n can be h id elsewhere.
A large assortment of Groceries, Dry Gooda,
and CJiieen.wate, cpiit.intly on hand.
June t7ih, 1816. if.
Tin and Slicet-lroii Ware
MANUFACTORY.
SBLINSOHOVSi PENHIA.
T,HE subscriber respectfully informs the pnblic !
X that he hi. enmmenced the manufacture of i
Tin nnd Slici'l-lron Ware,
in all ita various branches, nt Selinscrove. Hi' ,
wire is nnt on'y inaile of ilie best materials, hut is 1
put together in a substantial and workmanlike man
ner, differing in ihia respect fiorn much of ilia wats
Bold, which is made up in a huny for that purpirr.
An excellent atanrtmi-nl will be kept on hand at all
tlmi-a, which will be a -Id nn the m"st reasonable
terms. ANDREW S. WINGEKT. i
Seli 1rre, M.1V 16ltl. 1R16. tf.
WHOLmLirSL
HAT & CAP WAKKIIOU8K,
Ao. 304. Market Sirrrt, above 5rA. South tide, I
PHILASBLFHIA,
THE subscril ers respectfully call the atten- i
, tion of their friend inl dn.dcrs to their larj;) ;
and well assorted stuck of Hats and Caps of every ,
description, well adapted f rtlie aprinq Irulo. 1) ,
irg nude of the lest m iN'ri .1 and by tlie mot i x-
perienced workmen, they feel confident to nive utii i
venal satisfaction to all who may favor them with j
a trial, aa they ofT.-r to sell as I w as anv hnnsa in '
tlieciiy. HAUrAt.OTT & ULYNN.
Philadelphia, January 3. 1810 ! -
;el xi :BSjSrir ttiErl 5: ;
PIANOS. !
ffHE Sl'llSCKIliEUhHS been appointed eeenr,
I for t.rel .rr).R D MEYEK'S CEI.-:
EUHATED I'KEMIUM KiE WOOD Pi
ANOS, at this place. These Pianos have a plain, j
meesive and hiau'iful exterioi fini h. and, f..r depth
and rwcetnees of tone, and elegam e of workman-j
hip, are not surpasi d by any in the United States. ,
The following is a recommendation fiom Carl i
Dirts, a ccltluitcJ perfo-mcr, and himmlf u man- '
tituctuier: ' j
A CARD.
Hitiwg had the pha-ure of Irvine; the excel- j
lent Piann Fortes manfacturtd by Mr. Weyrr, anJ
exhibited at the List exhibition f the Fn.nklin In- I
elitute, I feel it due to (Ire true merit of the maker j
to rcclarc that these i nt i n uirri ts are quite jnal'
and in some retpccls even Miprrioi, to all the Pi- i
ano Fortes, 1 sow at eSe ert J of tU'0e, and ;
during a sojourn of two yeur at Paris. i
These I'mniTs will be told at tlio manufacturer'. 1
lowest Philadelphia prices, if lint somethinr; lower. I
Persons are requested in call and examine for j
themselve-, ht the rer-iilence of the euheciiber.
S.inburv. Mav IV. I84S. II. B. MASSE II. j
CiouutriTcitcrti'
DEATH BLOW.
rPlie pul-lic wif. plesse observe that no Brandieth j
Pills are genuine, unless t.e bcx has three
Mt upon If. (the top, the sMc and the Inittom)
e:.ch contiiinior a fjc-simili signature of rr hand- j
writiiiR, lltne -S. lttaoacTU, M.7. Theso la- I
bel- ate engraved mi reel, beautifully desirjned. '
and done at an e pent of over f 2,000. Therefore (
it will be seen thut (he only thinR neeewary to pro-
cure the medicine in ita prKy, ia to obeerve these
llls. I
Remember the top, the siuV, and the hoftom.
The follow-in; respective peraons are dult authi ri :
icil, and hold
CERTIFICATES O? AGENCY
For the aalo ef Hrandreth't Vegetable Vnivereul
Pith. I
Northunrberland county-: Millcm -MacVey & i
Chamheitm. Sunhury H. B. Masaer. M'Ewena
villo Ireland A Wcixell. Northuinl-eiland Win. !
yorsyth. Geoicelown J. & J. Walls.
Union Crunty : New Berlin Bopar tt Win- !
ter. Seliiiaisrove George Otindrem. Middle- ,
bur Isaac Snrilh. Eravertowu David l?ubler. ;
Adamurj; Wm. .I.May. MifSinsbutc Menach i
A Rsy. Hartletnn Daniel Lon. FrfTJSiTg j
5. A F. C. Meiyer. I,ewilwrg WaRa & (Jreen. '
Colunrftn county : Danville E. B. Kcv nobis j
A Co. Berwick Shuman St Rrtlenhouse. Cat
lawiaaa G. RroMs. Rloomthurg-John K.
Moyer. Jeieey TowrrLevi Biael. Washinuon
Kobt. McCay. I.imet-lone Balb! fz MsMnch.
Observe thrt each A sent has an Engraved Cer
tificate of Agency, contuMnf; a representation ol
ir BRANDRETH'K Mamifaciory at Wng mg,
and upon wVieh wrll also be seen exact enpie of
the new labels now uted upon the BrandrelA Pill
BoJce.
PhiladeTplrla, efSee No. fl. Nmth rh street.
H. EKANDRETH.M.D.
June 34th IMfl.
CITY FUHMTL'HK AUCTION, i
AND farVATB SALES ROOTrXS,
Ns. '29 Rnd SI 4Nrrth Third Street, ,
Near the City Hotel, '
PHILADELPHIA.
CV. MACKEY, Auctioneer, reirpeetfully in-
vitea the attention of perxoris desirous of pur- i
chafing Furniture, to bis extensive Sulrs Rooms,
foth pubhc and Private.) for every dertHioii of .
Household Furnnure, wbi re vn I nbwined t alt
Vines, a large assortment of fashionable and well
manufactured Cabinet rurntture, Beds, Mattresses,
Ae.. at very reduced price, for cash.
: 07- 8lea by Auctror twice a week.
MT2!th' l-84J,:TlL,
77 (iforfft J. Weaver,
BOPS MAKSB 4V SUIT CBANStSB.
. fh. 13 YorA Water liireti, Phitadelpki.
1TWA8 conatanlly on hand, a general aaaort
Jfl rnent of Cordage, Seine Twine. Ae, via:
Tii'j Ropes, Fiahing Rope, White Rope. Manil
W Jtopee, Te LUe for Canal Boata. Also,
complete aaaorUnent o( Baine Twine. Ac, auch aa
Hemp Bhad and Hetring' Twine, Beat Patent Uin
Kot Twin, Cotton Bbad and Herring Twin,8ko
Thraada, Ae, Ac Also, Bd Cord, Poogb Llnea,
Hallera,Traoa, Cotton and Linen Oarpet Chaioa,
Ae-i all ef which t wilt dispoa ef on roaaonibl
tarma.'''' n'l ..n t-. -mi inr '-.-: -.-tt
Philadelphia, November IS, 1M2ly.
tUK'BUM. AMMMC-AN.
.:v-j-;'y ; '. .v..-
Abaoluts acquieacence in the deciaiona of the
By 9f tuner . Elfirlj.
From the Boston Courier.
Old Times and Kswr.
Read a the Am England Sndetye f'ettival at
Arte York, December iid, lfl6, by
... Ali.cn C. Srooxta, of Boston.
'Twai in my easy chair at home,
About a week ago,
I aat and puffed my light aegar
At naual you may know, ' '
1 mused upon the Pilgrim flock
Whose luck it vrat to land
Upon almost the only rock
Among the Plymouth aand.
In my mind's eye, I saw them Lave
Their weather-beaten bark
Before them spread the wintry wildt,
Behind, rolled ocean dark.
Alone that little handful stood
While savage foes lurked nigh,
Their creed and watchwoid, " 'Print in God
And keep your powder dry."
Imagination' pencil then
That first stern winter painted,
When more than half their number died
And stoutest spirita fainted.-
A tear unbidden filled one eye,
My smoke had filled the other;
One aeea strange tight at ueh a time,
Which quite the senses bother.
I knew I was alone but to ?
(Let he who dare deride m )
I looked, and drawing up a cbair,
Down aat a man beside me.
Hit dress wa ancient, and his air
Waa somewhat it range and foreign
He civilly returned my atare,
And taid 'Tin Richard Warren I"
'You'll find my name among the list
Of hero, tage, and martyr,
Who in the Mayflower'! cabin signed
The first New England charter.
I could tome curious facta impart
Perhaps some wise suggestions
But, then, I'm bent on teeing sights,
And running o'er with quest ions."
"Ask on," taid I, "I'll do my best
To give you information,
Whether of private men yon ask,
Or our renowned nation."
taid he, "First tell me what it that
In your compartment narrow,
Which leema to dry my eyeballs up,
And acorch my very marrow."
His finger pointed to the grate
Said!, "That's Lehigh Coal,
Dug from the earth" he shook Vn head
"It is, upon my ao'il '."
I then took up a bit of ttirk,
'One end w-at black a night,
And rubbed it quick across the hearth,
When lo ! a tudden light!
My truest drew back, uprol led his eyea,
And strove hi breath to catch
"What necromancy' that," he cried
Quoth 1, "A friction match."
Upon a pipe just overhead,
i torned a little acre,
When, forth V.ith inttantaneoot Hash,
Three stream -of lightning flew.
Uprose my gTit I "Now Heaven me save,"
i Aloud he hriuted then,
j "I that helVfiiel" " "Ti J," taid I,
j "We tall it hydrogen. "
j Then forth into the field w- strolled,
A train time thamlering by
' DTwn by the rmrting iron tced
Swifter than eagles fly.
Rumbled the wheels, the whistle shrieVer!,
I Far streamed the smoky cloud,
1 Echoed the hills, the valleys shook,
! The flying forct bowed.
Down on hi knees, with handa upraised
In worship, Watren fell
'r.reet is the Lord our God," cried he
-UadoeAh all thirgs well."
I've teen hie ehariota of fire,
The horsemen, too, thereof!
X)! may I ne'er provoke hi ire,
Nor at his threatening aeutT."
"Rise up, my friend, rie op," aid I,
Your terrora all are vain-
i That waa n chariot of the sky,
i Twas the New York mail train."
We stood within a chamber tmal!
Men came the newt to know,
From Worcester, Springfield, and Nw York,
Texas and Mezieo." ' ' " ' -' '
It came it went ailent but aura
He etared,' amUtd, burst but laughing t
What wiVebcraft'a t'n'atf-L.lt't What w call
Magnetic telegraphing ' t.r. .:' .
Once met r atepped into the atreet ;
" gaid Warren, ;Wbat j that ' ' ". '
Which moviei aioriej'acio the way '
- A" Pp1' 5 ' . 'Z. .. . "
"I mean th fhjng opo two leg.
With feather en, jt i head
: anp shamokin jouiinal; .
majority, th vital rincip!aj of Repuhliu, from which
Banbury, Wortbumbcrlnnd to.
"i J...Kiai'
A monstrous huinp below it waist, '
Large aa e feather bed ;'
"It Las the gift of ipeeeh, 1 Afrrr ;
But aura it caa't be human ?"
"My amiable friend," said I,
"That'a what we call a woman."
"Eternal power! it cannot be,"
Sighed he, with voice that faltered j
I loved the women in my day,
But Oh! they're strangely altered."
I ahowed him, then, a new machine
, For turning egg to chicken,
A labor-saving hennery
That beata the very dickens.
Thereat, be strongly grasped my hand, -'
And said, " 'Tis plain to see
Thia world ia ao tronsmnrijied,
'Tw ill never do for me."
"Your telegraph, your railroad train,
Your gas light, friction matches,
Your hump-backed women, rock for coal,
Your thing which chicken hatchea,
"Have turned the earth so upside down,
No pcee i left within it"
Then, whirling 'round upon hi heel
He vanished in a minute.
Forthwith, my mod veratiou pen
Wrote down what I bad heard,
And here, dressed up in dnggrel rhyme,
You have it word for word.
F.LECtaictTr. A pleating experiment Not
withstanding the elTerta of the wonderful power
of electricity are continually before us, and we
are constantly witnessing ita wonderful pheno
mena, with all the mysterious developments and
results which it produces, w can scarcely real
ise how inseparably connected it ia with all the
various and ramified working and changes of the
natural world, and its consequent connexion
with our own vital propertiea and powera. The
Mechanic' Magazine relate a simple and plea
sing experiment, illustrative of it lingular effect
from a imple aheet of foolscap paper. The
I Magazine tayt :
Place an iron-japanned tea-tray on a dry, clean
beaker glast; then take a aheet of foolscap pa
per, and hold it close to the fire until ajl it hy
grometric moisture is dissipated, but not so as to
scorch it ; in this state it is one of the finest elec
tric we have. Hold one end down on a table
with the finger and thumb, and give it about a
dozen strokes with a large piece of India rubber
from thcleft to the right, beginning at the top.
Now take it up by two of the cornera and bring
it over the tray, and it will fall down on it like
a stone ; if one finger be now brought under the
tray, a sensible shock will be felt. Now lay a
needle nn the tray with its point projecting nut
wards ; remove the paper, and a star sign of the
negative electricity will be een ; return the pa
per, and the positive brush will appear. In fact
it forms a very extemporaneous eleetrophorus,
which will give a spark an inch long, and strong
enough to set fire to some combustible bodies,
and to exhibit oil the electric phenomena not re
quiring coated urfaces. If four beaker glassps
are placed on The floor and a book laid on their,
a person may stmd cn them insulated; if be
then holdt the tray vertically, the pope? will ad
here Mrongly to it, and sparks may be drawn
j from any part of his body, cr he may draw sparks
from any other person as the rase may be ;' or
he may set fire to tome inflammable bodies torch
ing them with a piece of ice."
Working rem a I.ivino. The following'
cedent article in the 'Of!erin,'1 edited by the
factory girla of Iowell, breathe the rifcht epi
rit :
Whc-nco originated the idea that it waailoro
pa tor y to a )eriya dignity, ur a blot npnrt female
character, to labor 1 and who wsall.e firtltoeay
eneeringly, 'Oh . the work for a living V Sure
ly, such idea and expression ehmilil not be
heard on a republican anil. Tho time has been
when ladies of the first rank were ecriiRlomrd
to busy themeelvee in domestic employment.
Homer tell lis nf princeeeea who ued to draw
water from the spring and with their own
I hands wssh the finest of the linen ef their res
pedive faanlies. The faniona Lucretia uaed to
spio in tho tntusi ol tier attetidanif and I tie
w fe of Ulysse. alter '.lie seige ol Troy, employ
ed herself in weaving until after lur hu'oani)
returned from Dhaca.
FaeNcu coi. mi.sei The report ol the engi
neer, appointed by the administration of road
and bridge in France, atate that that country ia
in tb third rank aa regard the production of
eoal : F.ngland and Belgium being the Crtt and
(second. The production of K.neland annually
ia 33.300,000; of Belgium, 400,000; of France,
S,"?f.3,rK)0;and of the Zoll-Yerein 3,C00,CU0 ton.
As Afcvmirui Mar. Tbo Memorial Dorda
Inis says, that near St. Savnir there live so
old soldier, with t false leg, falae arm, n glass
iyt, t complete set of (nine teeth, n now of ij.
Ver, covered with. tibtance resemblivig flesh,
and a silver plate replacing part bf hi t'cull.
tie waa n soldier under Mapoleon, nod then
are hi trophies.
.The bar of the Uverq lends to the bar of the
Wcnh, nm tbe priaoabfr speedily .fallow.
there ia no appeal hut to foree, the vital principle
Pa. Saturdny, Jan. 1G, 1847.
- ' OOVHItnOR'S MBSRAOR. '
Te tht Senate and Jlotut tf Ileprtsentttliirs.
(CoNcxunin.) .. .
The adjustment by Conpreas of tho rate ''of
duty on importa, ia a topic thnf continue todi
vide public trntiment. In u.y message of the
7th of January, last, I took occasinn to express
the view which I then entertained refrardinjr
it, and to theee view I continue to adhere. 1
can entertain no doubt of the constitutional
power of tho federal povornmpnr, to make atich
duenminatinna in the ntea of duties on imports,
aa may aflord reasonable encouragement ti do
meatie manufactures end production which
may be injiirioualy a fleeted by foreign compe
tition. Thi ia a power incident to everv so-
j vereign State, and aa the aepcrate Slates of thia
rnionarc by the eifpreaa term of the conatilti
i t'mn prohibited from its exercise, it fnllowa,
, that. onle it reside in the federal government
j the United State are wiliinut thia essentia I at
I tribute of National sovereignly,
j The i xtent of these discriminations, boarinrr,
I as they do, upon conflicting interests, and in
' annie decree arraying those of one portion of
; the Cnioii against another, can only be adjust
; ed under the influence of that spirit of coneea
j pion, and enmprntnire, which prevailed in the
'adoption of the Qmstiliitinn itwelf. The hieto
, ry of our legislation on this r-ubjecl, demons
i trates most corcliieively, that a tariff, to be
! permanent, which is so essential to the matin
j factoring, as well as til thn other great inter
ealsnt the Country, must be reasonable anil r-
qii'ilable, and that all attempts tnratnMiNh rate
j of ultra protective, or low honrontal dutiea,
; have only tended to keep ihe tpieMion in a Hate
; ot conMant agitnt ion, limn which nothing can
f be more prej-idicial to the interest of the bun-
ness ci'tmmmity.
"I am, therefore, in favor of such just discri
minating duties as msy be sufficient to sustain all
. our great National interests aeainst injurious
competition from abioad , men as w ill pive to
the home manufacturer, and producer, reasonable
. profits on his capital, and enable him to pny his
workmen fair wages, without unnecessarily tax
ing the consumer. ''
Pennsylvania, pritsrsting '"' does, such
vast agricultural, manufacturine and iiini'-rnl
. sources, and commercial advantsgec, has a pe
ctibar interest in the adjustment of this que.
' lion, upon a permanent bap s. bruilil the
' changes made in the rale o!' duties, by the ta
riff act of 1?4C, affect injuriously any nl the
: great interesta ol the country, we must unite
! our effort to induce Congress, to wloe care
and discretion the subject in Tjonmiilled by the
Constitution, and on whore wifdom and juslice
we may sa'cly rely, to make all juH ami rea
sonable amendments.
From all the rt-fli ctkin I have been able to
give thia vexed and complicated nilij'ct, I am
thoroughly convinced, that reasonable tl:scri-
ininstin? duties, rnch aa can he permanently
maintained, in connection with tho cporotions
of the Constitutions', Treasury, atrd a found cur
rency, will do more lo promote the perminenl
aed general prosperity ot all hegrent interest
id the Country, than any other t-ytem of rolicy
which can be adopted. High rltilies, with th
employment ol hanks as the riepnsi'orieN of thr
pub ic moneys, and a consequent inflntion nf pa-p-r
currency, by which the advantage of the
dutytotbe home manufacturer and producer is
destroyed, areas certain to hasten and aggra
vate those commercial revisions, to which all
retains are exposed, aa profl gacy and vice oro
to produce want and misery.
The repent, or modification t f the Rritit-h
pi'fts, while it was a measure dictflterl a1i!Tl-y
sound policy, and lnunsnity. toward the suffer'
ing popiilutmn of Ihe United Kmpriom. ha had
a most linppy influence upon our farming inter
eats. This measure I. as already augmented the
'; demand tor our bread stuff, at enhnnced price
and there ia reason lo believe, it will continue
' to increare permanently onr agricultural ex
ports, winch cannot fail It add to the general
! weslth and prosperity id the S'nte and Nntinu.
! In the last anniml nieaage I expressed my
' views, at length, in regard to Ihe policy of the
banking system. In which I respect'nily refer.
i I o the opinions therein contained, I Continue
: toadherrs At present there is reason t,. be
: lieve that our hank are in a rmnpirnlively
; sound condition. Without ascribing thia ered-
I itahle and healthy stale of things entirely to Ihe
policy which has been aor.ptrd, of limiting the
I amoinii of (he banking rapitsl, and making ban'
kers individually Ilahle for tlie paymr nt of their
; debts, I am pertuiaded that tt haa a salntary in-
i lluence in preserving the soiindnoFs of the cur
rency, and that it should be adhered to index
; ib. i
1 refer vnti. with grea. pleasure, to Ihe able i
' report of the Canal Curpinissiunrr, for a detail- !
. ed Ftstemenl ol the oporitinns upon ihe public :
j improvements, during the paM year. i
1 ' The economy, fkill end integrity, wi!h which j
' they have been mnnageri, for a fVw years past,
have greatly tenneo lo reelore public conndence
j anj teMaUli6h Uib credit ol tho Ktale. and i'it.
ly ei.nties every iii. nibt r of the respective j f"1"1!? relation, wntcii require legal mierpoai
Hoards of ('anal Commissioners1, who has hil i ttf1- ,
an agency in producing thi great reformation I Special ac'snf the Iegis!at re for disturbing
to the uretilude and eunfidenee of the whole i the contr -c uetween hut-band and wife, are
community. I refer to l!i tact, with no ordi- ralcul'tej to arrest the attent-on of every good
nary
SBUfacllon, that iliirmg the I"! IhrPH
years there hn.i rM riecurr;d, anmlig all "the of. j
fleers and agents employed en the several lir.es ,
i cf improvement, a rinirle rase of nV!alrti,,n, !
I lt.a kir.nr..jn.. ita rit thn I lliiik rill'i .! i
i lllml, , Pllv nf Pi.1(r. , ,;
been deemed an object orFufJrir,it nat-'onr.l ini
portance, to cUim the attrn'.ion of the tederal
government. lSuuicrtma appropriatmn have
been nude for this purpocie, but not su'ucieut to
carry out any iffivient and ut fill svtein. Ma
ny ot the W astern and South-Western Ststes
of tbe Union, nre interested in l!ii improvement.
The connection, howvvcr, of the main line of
o'r cano'ls nnd rni'roads, at the ci'y of Pittsburg,
renders Ha impVovement an 'otiject of the1 gren
teat interest t thi State. 1 1 it Were made na
vigable during fell neeaooB of the year (except
when ice-bound) for staemboel of a large claaa,
it would add to the commerce of Philadelphia
and Pittr-burg, and to the carrying trade upon
the public work, an amount of bneineta that
eannot be readily estimated. - t therefore aog
gett to the mesriberect tlie General Assembly,
the propriety pf rncqurializ.in Conjreeaon tbi
and immediate parent of deapotiam.-Jarraaaoi..
Vol. TIVo. lT-TThol No, 329
subject, and pressing it upon the attention of
the general government, unincumbered with
any minor projects, a one worthy its special
consideration and favor.
I ri'frr with much satisfaction, to the reports
of lb! Auditor General and State Treasury.
They exhibit in detail the condition of the fi
nances of the State, and shew the laudable in
duxtry and intelligent care which thee officers
have employed in the discharge of their impor
tant and laborious duties.
' Before the passage of the tA of Assembly of
last session, which transferred to the county in
which the crime may have been committed,
payment of expenses for arresting fugitive
from justice, the State had become liable to va
rious agents, duly authorized, to an inconsidera
ble amount. This liability could not be met,
because nn appropriation wai made for that pur
pose. The individuals interested in thi matter
are justly milled In remuneration, and I re
spect Killy recommend that an appropriation be
made to liquidate their claims. - The amount
will be laid before you hy the Auditor General.
In conserjuence of the engagement of the
Adjutant t i' noral in the organization of tlie vo
luuieera for the service ot the United State in
the war w ith Mexico, his annual report upon
our inilitaiy r flair ho nnt yet hewn received.
H soon as it c-mes to hand it will be transmitted
to Ihe General Assembly.
The Act of the VQlli of March, 1830, provi
ded for the appointment and compensation of
.Si ale (ii-clngu-t and his assistants, and a compe
tent practical, tinalyticsl, and experimental che
in iT, lor the purpose ot making an accurate ge
ological and nunc raVgical survpy of the State,
with a view to determine lire order, succession,
arrangement, relative positron, and the dip or
inclination, and the comparative magnitude of
the several geological formations within the
State, and to discover and examine all rlepositee
ot ores, coals, clays, marie and such other min
eral tutwtanco as may he deenred useful ur va
luable. I he Ktale Geologist was required to
make nmitinl repot Is o! the progress of the sur
vey to cause to be represented on the map of
tin- Con iri in wealth, by colors and other appro
priate iin-ati- the various areas occupied by tho
d flWent geological formations in the State, and
lo mark thereon the local ties of tho respective
depositee of the various mineral substances dis
covered. It is made the duty of the chemist,
to make lull and complete examinations, assays
and analyses of nil such ror'as, ores, eoil, miner
al fubstance and mineral wa'ers, aa may be
submitted to him by the geologist, and to turn-
if 1 1 In in with h detailed nrrJ complete account
of the rills mi obtained... It vas also made
the duty, among other things, of the State Ge
ologist upon the completion of the snrvcy, to
compile a mi tn irol the geology and mineralo
gy ot i bo State, comprising a complete acentint
of the lending rtihjirts and discoveries embra
ced in the survey.
In pursuanceuf this act, a State Geologist
and his assistants, &c, were appointed, who
proceeded w ith the work, and the State expen
ded upi.n it the rum of &'To(ir7 t?7. A number
of annua! r ports were made, a provided by
taw,- bul the main object ot the legislature,
ihe publics i:..n of n complete memoir of the sur
vey, i xhihting the results of the examinations,
and itihndy ir.g for the tir-e of the ptrMic the Vast
mm ef information, for whrch so largo an -mount
ot I'ublrc nmiiey waa expended, ha not
yel been accim'phVheJ. It appears to mo that
tins nil jcci v ot stiTaci.-nt importance to secure
legislative considernthn.
FiT-quent ctmp!Btnt have for years been
mailt by the people, of lira time consumed in
the I.- titla"jTe by the pist-age of private and
Ii-chI b:!K wli'ch greatly increase the business,
ami treatp subjects fot repeal and amendment.
Many laws are ih'is enacted which appear to be
regarded a id little consequence or value, for
of the acta of lire last seeainu, forty-three remain
in the i fiver' id the Secrt-tsry of the Common
wealth, which have neither been enroled nor
printed, bi'eanso the small amount of tax to
which ihey are subje ct by the act of the 16th of
April, 1-1j. bus not been paid into the State
Treasury. Thus, alter the lime in preparing
and parsing these bills has been consumed,
and t lie cn?t of printing and transcribing them
has been incurred, they are eu fie red lo remain
in the ifiice, uruIcfs antt neglected. This
proves that much private legislation could be
pMlllabiy dispensed -vith, and the time it occu
pies devoted to subjects of general legislation,
by which tho duration of Ihe seBnion would be
shortened, and the expense of government
greatly diiuiniphod.
The pro:.'reriVe increase of the number of di
vorces grni.ti'd by the legislature, force thi
subject upuii l!iu consideration of the General
Aeacmh'y. It eppesra to be the settled policy
of the flute, to provide by law for the disolu
tion r.f the marriage contract, for uther causes
than adultery. These caoaea are enumerated
in tin Act of tho l.lih ot Siarch, 1SU. They
embrace a wide range, and seem to provide for
all the grievances that may arise in tin inte-
1 c'1 7"'. "Pn ureniniinen-u um no uiero-
gr.id ul mnrriage vows, ana laciiiite lor relea
sing pn r ties fr'ru t'.ieir obligation, are justly re-gan'.i-fi
an atrcr.g indications of degeneracy in
public virtue am! public morals ; and that a high
regard ol marital rights, and i sacred obKervance
of marriage cnntrarls, are among the al longest
proof til Ibe ( rogresa nt Cll lliZttrOQ.amJ Ol the
iiiflucnci! nf true relijiori .
The preamble ol the act of 115, commends
itself to our sprtrovsl by the wisdom nnd apt
ness for which it is distinguished. The Legisla
ture there say, "Wheresa tbe divine precept
of the'Chrii-tian religion the promotion of the
best intereMa of human happiness, the design
of marriage, and the object of parti entering
into the marriage state require tbnt it should
continue during their joint live."
These nalutsry truths, ae well expreased, pre
sent, in imposing terms, the duty of extreme
caution in interfering with the sanctity of the
mirfiaee cohtraet.
It may true that casts occasionally arise
of such extreme hirdihip, ns to wnrrant the
(tnseage of special acts ef divorce i but nuch
' lni OF APTEnTlfvWO.
I s-juar I insertion, ff) 50
' t do . i . .0 7.r
I do 3 d.t . . . . 00
. F.vary subaeaaent inserti m, . . 86
' Yearly Advertisements: one column, 185 ; half
Column.fi 8, three scares, fit two squares, f 9 ;
one i aqnare, $.r. Half-yearly : one column, l t
half column, J.IJ ; three sqrare, $9 ; two aquarea'
f 5; one equate, fit SO.
AoVertlsemenu loft without direction a to the
lenifth of limotbey are to be published, will be
continued until ordured exit, and charged accord
ingly.
(jjT'airfeen line or less make a square.
reqarre legislative interposition can but seldom
occur, unless the wide range of the act of ISl.i
ia exrended beyoml reasonable limits.
The signing ol bills for dissolving the bon'!
of matrimony has alwaya been to me a perplex
ing duly. have hitherto given my assent to
them, confiding in the judgment and discre
tion nf the representatives of the people, to
whom, and not to the F.xeciHive, the fncts of
each case are submitted. TJ if upon a review
of the special divorces- granted since the enact
ment of the act of 1815, it appaersthnt ther
has been n alarming increase of them, which
shoold, in my opinion, be arrested. During tho
first, period of ten years after the passage of thn
said ct, laws were pasjsed for divorcing the
piTtiea to fifteen marriage contracts; during
the next ten years, forty-two, and iarmg thn
last ten years, ninefy were passed.
1 know of nochsnge in the habits, manners,
or condition of the citizens of the State, in their
social relations, or in the increase of their num
ber, that accounts for, or warrant this incresse
of divorce. It is possible that th cause of it
rosy in degree be found in the facility of ob
taining legislation on the subject. Without fur.
ther inquiry Into the eanse, the effect is, in my
judgment, injurious to the rmblic welfare, and
should be strictly guarded against in future.
hatcver dotibia may have been, or are now
er.lcrtniiied. of Ihe povviT ot the Legislature to
pass divorce laws, for nny other cause limn a
dultery, or to pass them tindfr the provisions of
theGon6litiriion of the United States, that no
State shall pass any law impairing the obliga
tion of contracts, it kcwb to ho concealed, a
gainst the opinions of ninny wise nnd good men
that the power may bo constitutionally exer
cised ; but in view of these opinions, the ex
tremo rJclrcacy and repnnsibility Tf gmnt'tig
these applications, appear in a strong l'ght.
Under the marriage contract, impr!ir,l nnd
valuable Tights are vested in the partic, and
heavy responsibilities arc a'-'iitned which slin-iM
not bedistufbed, even whi-n the w" :,t r,
terfere is Unqp.estiansWe, without t;al notice
to thn party who ie to br affected hv the pro
ceeding, and a fair and open trial, the right to
wnjch vjannot be doubted, andean only be se
cured "by referring Jie parties Xo the judicial
tribunals.
In every view 1 cantalieof this interesting
subject, I am persuaded thatthe?e sporial legis
lative divorces, have n dangerous tendency,
and that if the power to grant them is exercised
at all, a proper regard for the public welfare
reepnree that it should be 1 :rm;ed to cases of ox
trcme harda'nip and unquestionable propriety.
The progrersof onr ago in civilitt;on, ha
been dislinguithed in Pcnnsrlvania, by the
amelioration of the penal code, and her improv
ed prison discipline. Tho orgnnizifion of her
penitentiariu, their domestic economy, and the
care and attention to the aupport. cleanliness,
industry, and moral instruct ion of their inmates
have secured the ger.cral approbation and con
fidence of our own citizens, and have excited
the admiration of other States and nations, and
furniehed models for their irnitstion. The Phil
adelphia, society for alleviating thn mis ciiM t
public prisons, n exercised and fhviont agen
cy in producing these valuable rcsul's. In or
der that all the benefits cf experitnee maybe
had nnd improved, thpy Fiibmit the propriety of
making provision by law fur obtainim, annual-
ly, accurate information relative to the convic
tions for crime, the character of the criminnls,
the condition and expenses of the penitentiaries
af.fl prisons ofthe Commonwealth, and the costas
ot supporting the convicts.
The motive of this Fociely are so disinterest
ed, and the rcatond they assign fur collectinp.
the information required, are so conclusive, lt d
so ably represented in a communication which
I have received from them, thut I take freat
pleasure in transmitting copies of it hewwith,
in order that the philanthropic views o( the so
ciety, and the importance of the mVj-ict uirv
receive that early attention of the tSerieral As
sembly which they ao richly merit.
The government of Pennsylvania, and her
literary, charitable and benevolent iriKt;tutioi),
are among the first and bet.. Thtj people ar
industrioiis, intelligent and erirpriEinp. In
time nf peace, quitit and iino'itructve in vr,
firm and decided.---RhiSsed in her physical r
sources sml her irstiVutionc. and animated by
the spirit of her lioly religion, her onwaril
course in improving her social condition is ra
pid. The gres.i.rnient of prr-serviag, enlarg
in(f and perpetuating lier greatness, ia the uni
versal education of her youtlv. In this, too, she
has for .number tfyaars advanced with the vigor
by which all her great eflorts arc distinguish
ed. The able report ot the t-hpsrintenileni,
'present ihe steady nnd unifttrm progress or the
nystem uT c.immon school instruction. That it
is yet imperfect, and to some CAt'nt inefficient,
maybe freely admitted; bn who can donbr
that the wisdom and energy which commenced,
will mature nnd perfect it.
In Conclusion, gentlemen, accept assurance
ol my hearty co-oparstioo with you in nil mea
sures for advancing tha welfare of our citizens ,
and maintaining the honor and dignity of our be
loved Commonwealth. FRS. R. SHUNK.
Exirvrivi Chasiiikr, (
Ilurritburg, January o 1-17.
A w.ijm M THavn.i.tNrt xtoKc, Ar.r. ovt
THE WoRt'o! The L;verprl, (Kn-.) Mercurv
of Oct. SO. ha-- ! 1 f.-V vi..r'n..S(-.r,
'The Jltind TraV. '.- "i":,- c. '' ! -..Tr ' ! ' - '
traveller, Lieut 1 .!::.r .-. - -
try on 1'hursdr.v er."-;;-. ..r :.e. a - .
upward ot six j. . -, 1 rlv. h . ' r
sited Portugal an ! i-f. , A' :-.r'., a ' -'! :
places ib the Med urrauean, jeiu iri'c-i I'vp1
nnd Pyrin, crossed ihe disert to Jerusalem, nn.i
finally made an extensive tour Ihrouph the tea-r
frefjuented pattst the snulh fait ot Europe, in
cluding lfinygnrv, Transylvania, Servia, Uuni,
Ice. As on all tormeroecsaiona, Ihi extraordi
nary maa trsvelled pt rlVetly alone, lie U
relurncjd in period health and spirits.
y.awMonve I'owse er rather nn old
ne.wly applied W unde'sund. lays an
I changs psper that an im,'er.kus Yankee has p-n
up s saw nun, wmcn is uiitu vj jure j rtr
euuutncr$ t