n- J a .4 J i y-riUcia or ApyisiiTWiBf , r;t; M tr.a ltl!T. ( !;. ! rrp.TTDvTT: H. B. MAf TS,- "' PoaLteat e' JOSEPH E-LY. - $ Paeratrvee. 0JS in CtntrtM&t in 4km wr ft K, t ' '..:' .i'jdr'l fere.) .' -' ' . THE V A1rfSl'nSpaJ5W every tor das at TWO . DOLLARS -par uaw U be paid half yarly In advance.. .Ne paper dieeoatin- Ud till AM arrearage At Mill. -? A Nuboriptieo received for a Imi period than itv Moirraf. All communication or Uuara on susins reUting to tha ofRee, to Insure attention, must be POST PAID. ' ' r it e bid eVt':i o i;k. t fi Senate anJ Houieof.RepreientativtB 1 .Lsaara. l insertion 0 to , 0 7 1 do 1 ., , do. 7D c.-'",.i vl ! . 1 d kw; vi -'- I 00 hsi 1 raJ iiUl Ji)-irf VrN H.)Va 1 .- j it ii: .'.is j j ,. n tl H Yearly Ad vet Haematite I onacolumri. SS5 I half , e T,-ANiyrSHAMGKIN.VJttURNAL"v F aolumn,! 1 0. threaMuares , f I J two aquarea, f V . I one eaeare, $ ' alf-year!y one column, 18 i , 1 half eaiumn, lit t three s"rfi ,f I.0 1', ,i 5; one square, fS SO. ; , ., Advertiaemanta left without directions s to fia . leflfthof tiM (bey" are to ha" publi.hed. will t continued MtB eriered oat, And charge4 accord - i ,1 1 Absolute Aeqntssaanea id the decMons of the majority, the, itaj principle of, publica, Aam wbii. there px Af pea) In ferae, the vital principle end immediate pirenl ttf Uapim.Wrraaioa.' atauNiiT. Ife)aamibrlaa lv Tol. T lid. lS-Thole !To, 833 " rejBixteen Unas r teas mat a senate. . ofthe United Stele. (Concluded. tfSpain'had continued until tha present pcri y to assert that Mexico waeone of her Colonie in rebellion against her, thia would not havt mda- her ao, or changed th fact of bar indo Deudent exiatence. Text, at the period of her inncxation to the United State, bore tha atme elation to Mexico that Mexico had borne to Spain for many year before Spain acknowled ged her independence, with thia important tlit erence that, before the annexation ol Texta o tha United Statea wta consummated, Mexico lerrelf by a formal act of government, had c tnowledgcd the independence of Texas n$ ion. u x ' It ia true, that in the act of recognition she Tescribed a condition which she had no power r authority to impose, lhat Texan thniilri not nnex' herself to any other Power t but thia ould not detract in any degree'fVoin the recng lition which Mexico then made of her actual nde.nendence. Upon this plain statement of icts, it is absurd Tor Mexico lo allege aa a pre. iixt for commencing hottilitie against the Unl ed States, that Texia is still a part of her terri ary. ed e land office, end issued numerous prints for 1 General Herrera.'' ft was ante 'welt known" thai lano, wnnin Ui limita A Sana to end " ll-p-reeentative reaidinr in it -were elected in the Confreee of the Republic, and eervedaa such ueroro actor annexation "took place. 'In both the Congress end Contention" of Texas, which rare their assent to theterma of annexa tion to the United States, proposed y our Con grew, wcr representatives residing west of the Neucei, who took part in (ho act of annexa. tion. Itaelf. , . ,'-,- This was the Texaa which, bv tbs art of oar Cencraaaef the 9Sth of December, 1845, was ad. milted aa one ofrbe States of our Union. : That tha Conxrets of tha United Statea understood the State or Texas which they admitted into the U nion to extend beyond the Neucea ia apparent from the fact, tbaton tha Slat of December, only two days after tha act of admission, they passed a law "to eatabhah a collection district in the State of Texas,'.' by which they created e port of delivery at Corpus Chriati, situated , west of the Nuecea, and being tha same point at wbich tba Texas rnttom-house, under the laws or that republic, had been located, and directed that a surveyor to collect tba revenue ahould be ap pointed Tor that port by that President, by ana with the advice and consent of the Senate, - , A surveyor wss accordingly , nominated and bet little hope vdeld be entertained of a'difTeteiiY result from General Faredes In rase the revnlv tionary movement Which be wss preserdtirrf hoold prove sureeiatul, hi wai hiRbly probable. The partisans ofTaredea, at bar mfniittf, In the despatch referred to, states, breathed the fierresf hostility against the United States denounced the prepesed negotiation as treaiori. end openly called upon the troop and the peepls'te put down the government of Herr'stl by force? ! 1 1 ' The reconqueat of Texaa, and war with" the United Statea, were openly threatened; ' These were the circumstances existing, when it was deemed proper to order the army tinder1 th com mand of General Taylor to advance to the weii. em frontier of Texas, and occupy a position on or near the Rio Grands. ' " 1 ' ' ' Tha apprehension of a contemplated M-xican invasion, have been aince fully justified by the event. ' The determination of Mexito to rush in to hostilities with the United Statea was after, wards manifested Irom the whole tenor tr the note of the Mexican Minister of Foreign' Affairs to our minister, bearing date on tbs ' 13th of March, 18t. ( ' ' " ' Paredes had then revolutionised the 'government, and hie minister, after referring to the resold. tion for the annexation of Texas, which had been adopted by our Congreis in March,' 1845; pro connrmen oy ids brnate.ana oas oaen ever .inc. tetAt t9 di,,, th,t .a f,ct iueB lhlii or, 10 in tha performance of his duty. All theae acta , tpM, w,h reater exactness, so notable an act of the republic of Texas, and of our Contres. orpation, created ,n imperious necessity But thnroare Oiose wlio, conceding all thi o be true, assume the pround that tho true rVestern boundary line of Texas ia the Nencee, natead of the Rio Grande; and that, therefore. n marching1 our army lo the east fairx of the tUer river, we prnwud the 1 cxan line, and inva ed the territory of Mexico. A simple state ncht of facts, known to exist, will conclusively efute euch an eeeuinption. Texaa, aa ceded 0 the United States by France in 160.), has been flweye claimed" us extending west to the Rio jranoe,-r mo eravo. 4 nia ibci is rsKuiisuen y the atfthority of out mrwt rmmenl etatesmen t a period when theuretion waaaa well if not 'Iter understood than it ia at present. During Mr. Jefferson's adiiiinwtration, Messrs. I our 00 and I'mckney, who had been sent on 1 peeial mission to Madrid, chsrprd, smnngoth t thinir. with the BdjuMment of boandary be ween the to coontnee, in a ncftc addreafed to he Spanieh Minister of Foreipn Aflaire, under ate of the 2Sth of January, 1805, assert that he boundaries of Iuisiana, as ceded tn the U- nted States bv Frsnce, "are the river Perdido n the east, and the river llravo on the west," nd they add, that "tha facta and principles hich justify this conclusion are so Mliefitchiry 1 our euvernment aa to convince k that the U- 'ted States hsve not s better right to the islsnd 5 New Orleana, tinder the cession referred to, an they have tn the whole district of territory hich ia above described." Down to the concluaion of the Florida treaty. in Febiusry, 1819, b? which this territory wse celled to 'Spam, the United Sutee sserrted snd iriintsined their territorial riehta lo thia extent. In the month of Jane, 1818, during Mr. Men oe'e adminietrstinn, mlormation hsvmg been ecehed rliat a number of fnreiif n adventurers Tad landed at Galventcm, with the avowed pur. tref fornvnir a setllensent in that vicinity, a pecial measenger waa dpatched by the go ernment of the United Statea, with instruc iona from the Secretary of Slate to waea them desist, should they be found there "or any ther place north -of the Rio Uravo, and within he territory claimed by tlie United States." lie waa instructed, ahould they be found in he country north of that river, to make known b them "the eorpriee with which the President laa seen poweiwinn tiros 1 alien, without authori y from the Unite-J Slates, of a pi nee within heir territorial limits, and upon which no law. ul settlement can be made without their sane Ion." He wss instructed lo sll orm them to svow onder what national authority :hey pro ne to act," and to give them dne warning that he place is within the United States, who will -olTeT no permanent settlement . to be wiade hero, under any Aulboriiy other than their pan," As Ute as the 8-h of July. 1842. the Secrete 7 of State of the United State, in note H Iraasedto our minister in Mexico, maintain hat, by the Florida treaty of 1819. lhe territory a far west as the Rio Grande waa confirmed to Spain, in lhat noienesisipsinai.-uy inn irra y of the 22d of Feto iary, 1819, belwwn the U sited Stales and Spa n, the Sabine waa atJoptod jtbe line of bound 7 between the two Pow tfA. Up to that period, no eonsiderable colonic' Ion had been effected in Texaa hot the terrl ory between the Sabrne and the Rio Grande be ng Confirmed to Spain by the treaty, applica jona were mde to that Power for grant of aad and sweh grant, or permission of ettl dent, were in fact made by the Spanish anthori ice in favor of citisen of the United Siatee imposing to emigrate to Texaa tn numerous fa. niliea, before the. declaration or independence .y Mexico.' The Texs whieh waatededtoSpainbytne I'lorida treaty of 1819, embraced all the eroin ry cmw claiejied by the State of Texaa between he Neuteo and the Rio Grande. Hie republio X Texaa always clarmed thia river her wee erp boundary, and in her treaty made with San t Anne in May, 133l, he reengnteod It a such, iylthe coeaiftution which Texaa adopted ia eUrch, 1836, senatorial and representative die rict were, organised extending west of the ; West. w ' TbtCongreee of Texaa, ion the Iwtb of Do teanber, I83rt, eed an "An ect to deone the oundarie ol the republic of Texaa," in wbich bey declared the Rio Grande from its month (o l eoure to be ttrair boundary, end by the eeid (ct they extended their "civu end political jq. isdietion" over th country up to fhst boundary. taring perloo of more than nine faere, which ntervened between the aeVosHion of ber caoeti. otion nd her AnnexAtioa a one of the 8tetee ' d mr Union, Texf MrV4 'cife4 W , iy etof eofereignty one jorV'ction overlbe eVrtory end inb.bitant weetbftbe Neucee. ,' 8he organised and defined th lii coos i exUndingstbelWeGrAd. She eeto- 4wk4 oerU f juetiA, Jd U'Aoded ker jod- , !! fystpet ot Utnijprv. )SUbllhd CMlem booae, end eollecteal dntiee, end eloo ; nevoAee ed aosvrosds, in it. tphe etMIl' preceded the orders for the advance of our army to the east bank of tha Rio Grande. Subseqtieat- i ly, Congress passed an act "establishing certam post routes," extending west of the Nenres. The country west of that rivernow constitute a part of one of th Confressional district f Tex, and is represented in t be House of Representative The Senator from th State were chosen by a legislature in wbich tba country west of that riv er was .represented. - . ' In view of all these fact, it is difficult to eon. reive upon what ground it can be maintained that, in occupying the country west of the Nen ets with -our army, with a view solely t its se curity and defence, we invaded lb territory of Mexico. .But it would have been (till mora di ficult to justify the Executive, whose duty it is to see that the law "b faithfully executed, if in th face of all the proceedings, both of the Con gress of Texaa end of the United States, be had assumed the responsibility of yielding op the ter ritory west or the JSeuces to Mexico, or 01 re lut ing to protect or defend this territory and its in. habitanta, including Corpus Chriati, aa well aa the remainder of Texas, agaimt the threatened Mexican invasion., - t- But Mexico herself baa never placed the war which aba has waged upon the ground that our army occupied the intermediate territory be tween the Neucea and the Rio Grande. Her re futed pretension that Texas waa not in (set an in dependent State, but a rebellion province, was obstinately persevered in ; snd her avowed pur pose ineommeneint a war with the United Statea was to reconquer Texas, and to restore Mexi can authority over the whole territory not the Neucea only, but to the Sabine. - In vai w of tb nroelaimed menaces of Mexico to thia effect. 1 deemed it my duty aa a measure ef precaution and defence, to order our army to oc cupy a position on our frontier as a military post, from whieh our troops could best resist and renet anv attempted invasion wbich Mexico micht make. ' ' " 1 Our army had occupied a position at Corpus Chriati, west of tha Neares, as early as Augnat, 1 843, without complaint from any quarter. Had the Nances been regarded as the true western boundary of Texas, that boundary bad been pas sed by oar army many months before it advanced to the eastern bank ofthe Rie Grande. In any animal message ol December last, I in formed Congress that upon the invitation of both the Congress and Convention of Texas, I had deemed it proper to order a strong squsdron to rhe coasts or Mexrce, and to concern raTe e ef ficient military force on the western fronlieT of Texas to protect and defend the inhabitants a gainst tba menaced invasion of Mexico. In lhat menage I informed CongTesa that tbe moment tha terms of annexation offered by the United States were accepted by Texas, tha latter became to far e part of our own country aa to make it oor duty to afford sncb projection and defence; and fortbat purnoaeotir squadron bad been ordered to the Gulf, and oor army to "take A position between the Neoces and th Del Norte," r Rio Grande, end ' repel say invasion ofthe Texan Territory which might be attempted by the Mex ican forces. " ' ' It was deemed proper to is thi order, be cause, nm alter the President of Texas, in April 1843, bad issued bisproclamstion convening the Congress of that republic, for the purpose of sub mitting to that body th term of nnnaxatUn proposed by tha United Slates, th government of Mexico made serious threats of invading tha Texan territory. These threats became more imposing as it became mere apparent, in tha pre grcs of th question, that lb people of Tex would decide in favor of accepting the term of annexation ; and, finally, ihey bad assumed such a formidable character, a induced both the Co- grea and Convention of Texas to request ibat A military force sbowld be aen by the United States into her territory for the purpose of protecting and defending ber against the threatened inva aion. . . . It would have been a violation of good faith towarda tba people of Texts to have refused to afford the eid which they desired against three, tened invasion, to which they had been exposed by tbeir free determination to annex themselves, rower Union, in compliance with the overture made to them by tbe joint resolution ef our Congress. Accordingly, a portion ofthe Army was order. edto advawcefnTo Text. Corrmt Christi wss th position selected by General Taylor. .11 rtreanvped at that jilace in Aogast, 1843, and tba army remained in that position until tha 1 irk of March, 1848, whan it moved westward, And oti the 9.8th of that moarb reached tbe t bank of the Rie 'Grande opposite to Matsmorss, , , . Thia movement was made in pursuance of or der from tha War Department, issued ox 'the tsrhef January, 1846V Before these orders were feseed, tb despatch of ear minister In Mexico, transmitting th decision ofthe Council of Go vernment of Mexico, advlting that be should not be received, end site the da patch of oar consul residing in the city of MxUa-tBt former bear ing date n the 17th ndtb latUr on tbe 18th pf December. P843. eopie f both ef which ac companied my mcatage to Congress of the lltb 6f May lastwere received? ' At tbe Department arfBretei '1 1 1 ... ; - - ' 1 J ii Tbeerfommueiratioo renders it highly pre VabV. if net ebsoletely certain that oor minister weald net be received by rh veraAt Of that Mexico, for ber own honor, shonld repel it with proper firmness and dignity." Tbe Supreme Government ' bad beforehand 1 declared that it would look upon such an ''act as a tatuibtl.i and, at e conseqnene of this -declaration', nego tiation was, by rtt very nature, at an end, aad war was the only recourse f the Mexican go vernment." ..'''''.'' it anneer. lso. that en the 4th of April fol lowing, XJenrrat Paiades, through his minister of war, usued orders to the Mexican general in command en tbe Texan frontier, to "attack" our army "bv every means which wsr permits." To this, General Parade had been pledged to tbe army and people ef Mexico during the military revolution which had brought him into power. On the 16th of April, 1846, General Paredes ad dressed a letter to the commander on ther Iron' tier, in which he stated to him, "at th piesrnt date I suppose you at the heed oTThat valiant ar my, either fighting already, or preparing for the operationa ef a campaign ; and "supposing you already en tbe theatre of operationa. and with all the forcea asaembled, it ia indispensable that ho- atilrtieabe commenced, yourself taking th ini tiative arainst The enemy The movement of our army to the Rio Grande was made by the commanding general under po sitive orders te abstain from all aggrettive acts towards Mexico, or Mexican ritixens, and to re gard tbe relatione between tbe two coontriee as pescefol, unless Mexico should declare war, or commit arts of hostility indicative of e slate of war: end these orders faitbfollv executed Whilst occupying bit position -on the east bank of The Rio Grande, wilhm tha irmrtsnf Texas, tnen re eentlv admitted as one of the Stales of onr Unt on. th commanding general of the Mexican for rea. who. in nnrsnanve ofthe orders of his go vermnent, had collected e larg army on the op- noaite shore of the Rio Grande, crossed the river invaded our territory, and commenced hostilities by attacking our forces. Thus, after all the rniurie which we had re ceived and borne from Mexico, and after she had insultingly rejected a minister ent to her on A mission of peace, and whom slie 1ad solemnly a- grced toreeiive, she tonsvmeted ber long course of outrage against our country by rommencing an offensive war and shedding the blood of our vrtitene -on our own toil. - " - The United States never attempted toaerniir Tn bv ronanest. On the Contrary, at an ear ly period after the people or Tex nta rtneeo their independence, they sought le b annexed to tbe United State. ; ' - - At general electron in September, 1830. They decided with great unanimity m ' fcvor of "an nexation :" and in November following, the Con- grevsnftne republic authorized tbe appointment of a minister, to beav tbeiv Teqwest to this go vernment, however, having remained neutral be tween Texasand Mexico during tha war between them, and wnwidering it dee to th honor ot onr coimTry, and our fame among the nation of the earth, that we shonld not at thia1 early period consent to annexation. Tier until it should be mani fest to the wbote wwrtd that the re-conquest of Texas by Mexico was impossible, refuted to ac cede te the overtures mane uy 1 exaa. Onthe tath f April. 1844, end after more than seven vears bad elapsed since Texaa had tatabliihed her independence, a treaty was con eluded for the annexation of tht Republic tuttre Tnited Statea. w hich wss rejected by the Senate. Finallv. on the 1st of March, 1843, Congrecs passed a joint resolution for annexing her to the Ueited Slates, upon certain preliminary rondi- t iont to which her assent was requ ited. Tb to- lemnitiet which characterized the deliberations and conduct ofthe government and people of Tex as, on tbe deeply interettmgquettlena presented by these resolutions, ere known to the world. : The Congress, the Executive, ai.d the people of Texss, in a ronvention elected for that pur nose. Accented with great n;,ntmily the fropo aed term ol annexation: and thus renstomated n ber nart tha treat iet of restortat ro our Fed era! Union a vast territory wtilen had been ce ded to S pel u by the Florida treaty more than a quarter of a rentury before.' 1 . . Alter tha ioint resolution for th annexation of Texas to tb United 8ttet bad been patted by our Coneress. The MeiTfan Minister at warning ton addressed A tiote to the Secretary of State, twerine- data en the 6tb ef Marrh, 1813, protes- tin artinat it AS "an Act Wf AggtestioA, the moat unjuit which aa be foued recorded in tbe annate ef modern history, namely, that of despoiliag frieodly nation, like Metien. wf a onsldTble norttoai ef her leirihw ;f aad nro teat ing agnimrt tb reeelution rf ennex4ien. being bn Act t mkerabv tha movinee of Tsias. an integral portion ef the Mxe Territory, is greed end ..i.r.iitjMi iatai tha American Union ood he on. maneed That e A eonaequemre, hie reitalaa t tbe Ueited 8ttee bad terminated, end densandad hi paaeporta, whhib were granted.. - It waa una a tba abewid pretext, anode by Mexi co, (borcetf indebted foe her independence to a Mcceaafal revolet ion.) that the republic of Teiee rill cantineed to be: netwitAatanding en inai bad peteed. a peovinee of Meico,thl tbi tep wee token bytheMevicsn mlnisrer.' Ksry booorable ebrt had been need by me to Mi4theMe aebieb felfowed bet all had proved eeie. Jail war ettsmpUte preserve peeee beve been met by ineolt end resists ace on Ike part -ef HV fbM te tWa Mat oommeecee la MiVcVi, lBtSHri entweHo tL&i ohhe Mexican minlaie:,,M: " ' ' v " - '-' '! 1 Whilst declining to reopen a discussion which Lad alreariv. been eihanaleitl anri ntovinv' aeain What kndwn to the whole worW, that t'ea ! long tince arhleved.her rndependenTe,- the Secretary1 orStat erprestedlhe rvgref of flrigo vernmeiit that Mettrp Ahould have taken offence at the resolution Of annexation patted, .by Con gress, and gave atiuranc that 'our "most strCnu ous efforts should be devoted to the amicable J- juttment of vry cause of complaint between the two government, and to the .cultivation of th kindest ahd most friendly relation! between the sister frpublict" V; ' " ' That I have Acted In lhe spirit of thi Issur- ranee, will appear from the event which- bv tince occurred ' Notwithttanding Mexico had abinptlr terminated alt diplomatic intercourse with tbs V. States, and ought, therefore, to have been the first to atlc for lit resumption, yet, wai vlrg all Cetemony, I embiaeed the earliest favor able opportunity "to ascertain fmm the' Mexican government whether they would receive an en voy from the United Mates intiutted with lull power te adjutt' all the question in ditpute be- ween the two governments," , In fcepterr.ber. 843, I believed the propitious moment for ruch n oveitnre had ariivtd. Texas, by the enthu- attic and almost unanimous will of her People, hsd prononnCed in favor of annexation. . . Mexico herself bad agreed to aknw6Wge the independence of Textt, tnbii rt to a condition it is true, which she bad no right to Impoee and no power to enforce. ! The' latt lircering hope of Mexico, if the still could hve telamed tny, that Textt would ever tgsin become one of her provinces, must hsve been sbsnrronrp. The consul ofthe United States at the city of Mexico, was, th'Tefore,' instructed by rne Serre lary of State on the IStb of Septeuiber, 1845, to make th inquiry of the Mexican government. ; The inquiry was made, and on the 13th of Oc tober, 1S45, fhe Minister of Foreign AtTairs of the Mexican government, in a note addressed to ... v . onr contui,- rave, a lavoranic rrtponte, reque. ing, at the tame time, that onr naval force cnixhl be withdrawn from Vera Crux wbtle nepotist iont should be Venning. Upon the receipt of rhit note onr naval fore was promptly withdrawn from Vera Crux. A minister wss immediately -P- pointed and departed to" Mexico. livery thing bore a promising aspect for a speedy and peace fuladiiittment of all our difficulties. ' At the date 01 my annual message ro i-onc-rata. in December laet.no dmrbt wt entertained but that he would be receired'by the Metican to- verr.metit. and the hope wss cheritbed that all eaute of mitunderttandine between the twofoon triee would be tpeeilily removed. In lhe contl dent hole that such would be the result ol his mission, I informed Crmgreat that I forbore at ibat time to '.'recommend such ulterior mrasuree of redrett for the wrongs and injuries we had 10 long borne, a it would have bern proper to make had no ch negotiation been Instituted " To my surprise and legiet.the Mexican govern ment, though solemnly pledged lo do so, upon the arrival of onr minister in Mexico, refuted tn receive and accredit him.. ' , "', '.'''"" When be reached Vera Crux, on tbe jntb ro vember, 1843, be femnd rhat rhe aspect of affairt had undergone an unhappy change. Ine govern ment of General Herrera, who was at Ibat time Tietrdent ofthe republic, as tottering to its fall. General Paredes (a mi'itary leader), had manifested bis determination to oveithrow lhe government ef Herrera, by a militnry revotut:oi; and one of the prmripal meant w bich he employ ed to effect his purpose, snd render tbe govern ment of Herreta odious to the army and . people of Mexico, was by loudly condemning its deter- minstion to receive a minister of peace fiom the United Sielet, alleging that It waa tbe intention of Herrera, by a treaty with tbe Tnited Statet, to ditniemher the territory ol Mexico, ty ceoirrg awav the department of Teias. .' Tbe gover nment of Herrera it believed tn have been well ditnoaed to a pacific adjuttmei.t of ei- itting difficulties ; but probably alarmed lor us own tecwity, and in order to ward otTtbedangei of lhe revolution led by Parete, violated its so lemn agreement, and refuted to receive or accre dit our minittert and ihis, although informed that he had been in vetted with full power to ad- jntt all question in dispute between the two go vernmenr. 'Among ne irtvwous preietis ror this refutai, tnn principal on was, that our min ister had not gone upon a special mission, con fined te tbe question of Texes atone, leaving all the mileages upon oor Ct and onr citicrnt unre dressed. 1 ' ' ' " The Mexican government well knew that both our national boner and ihe protection due to our ritixens Imperatively required that th two qnes noes of boundary and indemnity ahould oe tree ted of together, as naturally And inseparably blended, and they ought to have seen that this course waa best carculated to enable tbe United State te ex end to them the irott liberal lurtiee. On the 30th of December. 1843, General Herrera resigned the preaideney, and yielded up the go verumrnt to General ra reflet wnnonte struggle Thus the revolution was srremptithed solely bv the army commanded by Paredet, and the mi- preme power tn Mexico patted into me nanns or a military usurper,' wvo was xnowio oeoi:ieriy hostile to tha United States. '': " Although tha protpect of a pacific afljntTment with the new government was unpromising, from the known hostility T its bead to the Uni. ted States, yet, determined that nothing should ba left on one op our pM to restore menoiy re latione between the two cowmrtee. onrmmieier was inttrurted t prerent h credentials to th new government, and i to be acerertiten ny tn tbe rlinlomatterhartrter in which be bad been rrfnrmiseroned. Theae hittiartfons be exernted by his note of the lt of Marrh, 181ft. addressed to the Mexican Minister of Foreign AnVir. but bis rewuest was insultingly refhsed by that minhr- tar m bis answer or tn ixrn 01 me same rrronm. No alternative remained for onr minister but te demand hit pateportt, ahd return to the United Vtatea O- . ' 1 " i ! ..lt t- Tbns was the extraordinary spectacl MCent edlp the civilized world, 1 ef e government, in violation of Its town express greement.'tiav'ng twice rejected a minister of peeee. in vested with lull power te adjust All la entliag uiBerene between tb two conatrisa in a manner lust aad honorable to both. - 1 am pot aware that modern history presents a parallel1 rase, ia which, time of aeaee, one natiea be refused even beer nrepneitiane from aaotbae for terraiaeling exiating disTicuitiee between them.-' - m 't8rerrelwe bone of ed jutting eue difficalti, evea e rentote day,or ift pseserving peer With Meaieo, etutld be cherished while Paredes remained at lhe head, ofthe goereaoent,J lie conquer Texas, which he claimed at a revolted province of Mexico. He had denounced a guilty of treason all those Mexicana who considered Tex a no longer constituting a pert ofthe ter ritory of Mexico, and who were friendly to the cane nf peace. i "-- r 1 he duration of th war' which be waged a- gainst the United Statet was mdeunita, becAuae the end which he proposed, tif tbe reconqueat of Te'St, was hopeless..-,' Betides, there waa good reaion to believe, ram all bis conduct, Ibat it wat hit intention to convert tbe republic of Mexi. co into, a monarchy, and te call a foreign Euro- pen pnnc to lb, throne. Treparatory to true end, be had, during hi abort rule, . deetroyed the iberty 01 1; prett, toiereting lhat portion 01 it only which openly Advocated the esubl itbment ofe monarchy. ."'', lhe better to secure the success of hi ulti mate design, he bad, by an' arbitrary decree. convoked a Congress no to be elected by the1 free choree of th people, but to be ehosen In a manner to make them subservient to bis will, and to give him absolute control over tbeir de liberations. .- - Under all these cirmmstancee, it was believed that any revolution m Mexico, founded upon ap position to tbe ambitioua . project! ol raraaes, would tend to promote the cause of pesc as well as prevett tny attempted European interference 4n the tfTairt of lhe Noith American continent botl) objedt of deep interest to tbe United &rairs. Any'surb foreign inteiference, if attempted,' rmiat bav been resisted bv the United State. My vieweiipon that subject were fully cormrtu nicared to Congress in my last annual message. In airv event, it watcerlam tnat no change what ever in tbe government of Mexico wbich would deprive Parade of power oould be lor tbe wot, te far aa the United Statea were concerned, while it wat highly f rotable that any change mutt be for the better. . ' . Thi wat the ttateol aflarrt exist ngwnenCon- grett, ontb 13th of May last, recogniced the existence of the war which had been commenced by Hie government ofTaredes; and becam an object or much importance, witn a view ro a speedy settlement -of an honorable peace, that Pi renet ttrmild not retain power in Mexico. Pefnre that time were ymptomt of a revolu tion in Mexico, favored, as it waa understood to be, by Ihe more liberal party.'and especially by l bote w ho were oppoeed to foreign interterence end o ttie monarchical form f government. Santa Anna was tlien in exile m Havana, hav ing been e petted from pow-erend banished from his country by a revolution which occurred in December, 1844 ; but it was known that he had still a mnsidcTable prty in bia favor in Mexico. it was aHn equally well Vnow n that no vigilance w hich could be exert-ecl ly our squadron wouio, in all niobabitity, have preventd him from ef fecting a landing eomewher on the extenaive gulf coast of Mexico, if he desired to return to his country. It had openly professed en entire change oi policy; had expressed his regret that he bad subverted the federal constitution of 1824, and avowed that he was now in favor of ite Teat ora tion. He Lad publicly declared his hostility, in Ihe strongest terms, to the establishment of a monarchy, and to European mteiference in th affair of bia country.- j - . - ' liiiforiiiatK) to tin rflocl had been received, from ri urree belu vt d ro be reliable, at the dale of the rt.-igtiitioiitf be rx tnce nt the wtr by Concrete, and wa aft rwarde fully confirm ed by ihe receipt T tbe drepatch of our consul intlietiiv o'Muiicd. wnh the accompanying oVrutufhtK, which am herewith transmitted, Heeidcis it reRHinable to suppose lhat he unit l uc lite ruiiu.iKcontrquencea to Mexico ot a war with the Umt'd tStates, and that it wimW bo liiainleretl to favor peace. It was under llieee circumaianre and upon ii fo roiuiideraikin that it waa deemed expedi i nt not to oWtmci hi return to Mexico, ahould he Atti-iiipt du no. Our object waa the retto- ratHiu .f i-eni-e , ar.U witn tnut view, no reason was prrcciwd why we etiould lake pan with i'arndre, and aid Mm, by rnrnns oi our Diocxaoe. it preventing the return nf hi rival to Mexico. On tbi'i ontrary, it waa believed that th into. ine d.v enna which ordinnry capacity could not but eulirirale the fruit nf Ban la Anna a re turn tu Mexico, and hi contest with Varedea, niipht nronyly tend to produce a dirpoeitinn with both partrre lo rirtor and reeerve peace with tin limled StuUe, : . .. .. . Parei'oe wa a solfter 1y profesamn, and a mnntrsbrel In prmcT'o. n na out recenuy bc.ore Utu tucc-rul iu a Tiiilitary revolution, by wlixh he had obtained power. ,Ho waa Iho tworu rneiny of the Uniti-d States, with which ho had involved but country in me cawing war. nta Anna lrd been expelled trnrn pow. er by the army, wae known to be in open hoe- tilny lu Parvdes. nt publicly picogna sjrsmsi furoik'n iptrpniion snd the rretOTatintt "of rno- narcl.y in Mexico. In view ol ineae lact Ana x:iiXUTru.tanci a It was. Hist, when OTOcre weTa Mrued to the commander f oor naval force m Hm n.ilf. nn ihe I.VhoT MV Uet. only twndtyt tier tin exwtrpco i.l tt "r hd Veen rtrog- nistnl by CiarL'tTf, to place Ihe coast of MeX'CO onder ulickade. be waa directed not tonbatoct tbe paeMige of &nu Anna to Mexico, tbouio be lieuipt ii return. - , A rvyluiKo too place to Mexico id me ear ly nart of Aomiat bdlowinir. by which the pow er r Parole waa uvertlirowo.aod ha baa aince b rii initlivd (rom the crmntry, end .1 no in exile, Sh.trily Aftvtwrd teiitg Anna reiurn. e, It remain to be seen whether hie return may not yet prove tn be favorable to a pacifia AdjeMmeni nf the exieltng diftculliri, ftbemg mnileMy bra ii.terect not lo pewevre ia tba pneeciituyi ot a war Oninmeneed by Prede to sccomplihii a iwrnnee sn ebenrd aa the reeoa eueet nf Tekae to the Babine. Had Pwredee ' ... . a t . a 2 ik. a remsinrrt in power. H kt moral iy carxeisi the jPacifie have been pUcnd under blockade and her territory Steaded at eeverei wnpottsnt point. Tbe reporte Irom tbe peperUnenU .ol Wtr A ad lire Nvy wil,inlorro you innre i.i d tail of the metturea adopted in die emergency in which our country waa placed, and of the ;r -tifkig reaulla which have been Accotnpliehed. i iTh varinna columna nt. tlnr army have per" formed' their doty under great disadvantage with the snnet dietinguished skill nd court ge. Tha victor iea of Palo Alto ead Remea de la.; Palma, and of Monterey, won againet .really superior niicrrbere, and aga met moat decided ed vantage to other respect on the part of tha enemy, were brilliant in their execution, end. ' entrtleour brave nfBeere end eoldiereto th graur- -ful thanka t their country. The nation do- plorc the iota of the brave crntcera end own who heve gallantly fallen while vindicating ; and defemlma their conntry'e liglite sihI Umor. It j a (ubject id pride and ratiefactiim, that our volunteer cidxen soldiers, who en (irompilf respondod to their country' call, with an expe rience ot the discipline of a camp of only a lew week, have borne their part in the bard fonght battle ot Monterey with a constancy and con- . rage-equal to lhat ot veteran troops, And worthy of. tba higtieet admiration. Tbe privation nf long marches through the enemy' country end through a wi Werner have been borne without a miirrnttr. By rapid movement, tbe province of New Mexico, with Santa Fe, iu capital, hao -been captured without bloodshed. . The navy ha co-opertcd with the army, And rendered import ot service it not ao brilliant. t is becAune the enemy had no force to meet them on their own element, end because of tha defence which ntture baa inter poeed in the d it tioukliee ot the navigation on the Mexican coaet. Our squadron in the Pacific, with the corpora tion of a callant utnner of the army, and a email force hastily collected in lhat distant country, have acquired bloodies poeaesaion of the Cali furni, and the American flag ba been raised ' at every important point in that province. I congittulata you on the success which hae thus attended cmr rtilitary and naval operation, la let than seven month Alter Mexico com- . monced hoetilitie, at time (elected by herself, we hsve taken posectsion of many nf her prin cipal porta, driven back and pursued her rnva dmjr army, and acquired militory poswesron of the Mexican provinces of New Mexico, New Leon, Co built, Tamnulrpa, and the Califor nia s, a territory Isrger in extent thsn that em braced in the original thirteen Statea of the U-. nion, inhabited by a considerable population, nd much of it more than a thooeand miles from the point at which wa lied to collect our forces and commenoe our movement. By the blockade. the rmporl and export trade of the enemy hat) been cut off. .', - i -i. ' Well may the American people be proud, bf the energy end gallAOlry of our regular and vo lunteer officer end eoldiers, The eveote nf tbeee few month edord a gratify inp yroof that our country can, under any emergency, 'confi dently rely fur the maintenance of her honor, and the defence of her right, on an efiective force, ready l all time voiimt rily to relinquitih the comfort of liome for the peril and priva lion of the camp. And t'.iotigti such a for ii.y be fur tho lime expensive, it ia in the vnU economical, a tire ability to command U re moveathc necessity of employing a large stan ding army in time of pence, am! provea that our people love their '.nttr.utious, and ere ever rea dy lo protect and detend them. Whilst tha war was in a "course of vigorous and ucoexaful 'prosecution, i eng ttill ar xmu totrrertit evil, And cunbid. r.ne ;la, Mtler th brilliant victories of rur arm o! 6 nd ; 0h of Mty last, lire nniumnl i.mi-.i ci.u;. uot ti . comprom:ttetl by it, ani Uu'r r n tie m.e o hub to Mexico, by my directum "ti iii J.ii ot i aiy last, lo terminate hostilities i.y n (). jus. ' t i honorable lo both cuuntnex. On t:ui Sin ol. August following, the M. xicn i.v rr,i t j ' Je clined to accept llna friendly ct-ri:iff . tut re ferred it to thedec'wionot'n Mrx'i'uu Coivcse, to be absemb'ed in lliu ariy part ot Uu' (irobrot month. I cuinmunicaid to ynu, lit-rewtib, a co py ol tbe letter of the Secreiury of Stain iioo t ing to reopen negotittiima, of the tnawer of II. e Mexican Government, tod of the reply thereti of lhe Secretary of State. . The war will continue to be prosecuted wiut vigor, aa (be beet mean of aecuru-g peace. It ia taped thai the deeisnm of the Mexican Con grcs, to wbich our last overture haa 'jeen te ferred, may result in a ieedy, hoqruAol peace. With our experience, howtvur, of tbe wire onable course uf the Mexican outhoritiea, it ia (ha pari of wisdom not to relax in lhe efierpy afmir mihtary operation until tb mult u inedn known, in thi view it i deemed iuipor ttnt to hold uuhltry ponsectiui of H the pro vioces which have been taUen. until a defini tive treaty of peace shall have beer, concluded and ratified by the to cvuntrie. , The war ha not beer wiged with a view tie contract! hot btviog been conrmenced by Mex ico,. U h been carried into The coeuiy'e conn try, and will be vigorously proeeculed there, wi'.b a view to obtain t honurabla peace, and theitby reur empfotrrden-.niry for tha rxpen- ace ofthe war, a well a to our much injured; eitiaen. who bold targe, peavoiary demand gainat aJico. . , By tba lawettf nstioqa coneOerad territory ia Mbhrct la be ffoverp ed. by ha cooquerer da ting batajiHitary pne,i aon. snd until there ie either a uraly of re, or he shall voluntarily withdrew from ft, vphe old civil government being nroeesajr'ily eVperarded, it i tbe right ami doty ot lb Con'aerur to eeeure hie corxjuctt, and to prrMde, for the ii.ainienance of oi il order and tba Tip'at of the inhabitant. tTbrr ht ha been exercised, and Ibiadutf PlTbried. by ea.tr military and naval comma p. 4tre, by tbe eitaaliehment of temporary govern rrate ia tb a me of Ihe tonmiered provinc io Mrxicft, kaaimilAling them ee tar aa praciM.. bletolhefreeinituiione of our owa country, la lb provineee of New Mexico, and of tha California, little; if iy.. runher leeieUDC ia apprhoded from the inhubiUnta to tbe tempo ral y gnawr emento wb.a a bv thaev from lhe aeeaeMt of lb Jdt ta the town of war. Wen eetiblirhed. , U no get fST-M t proiide fur tDe merit of tbe) ouetts by m.kmgnAaHpataiaoietl- the lpes of erecUei twrtiflcbUoMWf MPT- nv ntcifle'tdiustmeat would bay been "Upon tha enmmeneement ol nredtlltfe by Mexico pin' United Stated the M! nant piril nf tbe nation waa At onee Aroused. ... MMMia MaiiMMt.MS to the expecn- tloris or the country, ahd, by the art of the of May last, recorTniard the fact that wr vxlat e d. by the act ot Mexicd. between tha IJ. Statea nd hs republic and granted th'. mVapa nec Arv lor i rigorou prosecgt,ien. Being IwiH ved in . avat Uiua coiMn;jiceA by AJexion, aQ H- the iurf ice nl whiesi on hut part wa. taay eon-i elianile pprl tha alwerbl, 1 iraolved bad aeqeired the -pr.m power 4y military 1 rldeally eppr.i sa tna l. . . a L . . ' . . 7 I . ----- at with laa ntraa iaTOV." ACCQr etra wwaaart te tin waar comnr. ia 'n osr solemn pitnge ro v r--' rr qu j et of p ar.tay'af5tief the Mti'e'w.iagttt. Triitd flat., ta. ilare-' Ing ly the port of. Wrx.oo tm the Wntt oaf a t
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