TERMS OF Till? AMEIlICAlf .
R. B.MA8SER,
JOSEPH EI8ELT.
; Pvatissane aaa
i ParaiTas,
JT. JB. MMKH, BMtar.
Office in Centre Alley, in the rear of H. 8. Mat
ter't Store.)
THE AMERICAN" ii published every Satur
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FBTnn LAS AIIUS,
IVSDVHY,.
Xortbnmberlnnd Count jr.
TBXH M YJUVJUffXA,
n ESPECTEUI.LY informa hie fri-ndaand
Ub, oh public in general, that he haa taken the
Drick nd, formerly occupied by George Prince
i a pirllic house, (earl of the State Hoaae, and
ippoarte the Court House,) where he ia prepared to
iccomondata hia friend, and all othera who may
avor bMn with their custom, in the beat manner.
In sbetl, no eierliona nor eipenee will be spa
ei te render hia houee in every way worthy of
vaWie patronage.
8unbury, April 4th, 18406m
OA&PBTINOS AJTO OH.-OZ.OTaS
U tha "CHEAP STORE" JVo. 41 Strawberry
, ,. ..,.. . Street,
Philadelphia.
flvUR 8tore rent and oiber eipente being very
I W Itftht. we are enablrd to a-l out CARPETS,
HL-CL0TH8, Ac, wholesale and reUil, at the
sweet price in the city, and buyer will find it
realty to ibeir advantage to call and eiamine the
trge sssortment we offer lliia aeaaon, of
Beautiful Imperial 3 ply
Double Superfine Ingrain LCARrETISGS
- Fine and Medium do f .
Twilled and plain VrnitianJ
wether with a lirge. rock of OIL-CLOTHS
nm 3 feet In 84 feet wide, very eheap, for rootnaj
all, etc ; also. Malting, r l.or I lotha, Kegs, Uot
in and Rag Carets, with a good as-
jrtment of Ingrain Caiprta from 35 to 60 cenla,
nd 8tair and Entry Carpels from 12 to 60 eta.
ELDRIDCiB tt BROTHER,
No. 41, Strawberry Street, one door ebeve Ones
ut, near Second Street, Philadelphia. "
March 21 at, 1840. 3m.
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V. B. PALMER,
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reby given. March 14, 1846.
ALUXANDEH I,. 1I1CKEY.
RUNIC IYIAKER,
No. 150 Chesnut Street,
PHILASBLFRIA. ,.
INHERE all kinds of leati.er trunk, valises and
earet bags, of eveiy atyle and paltein sre
inufactured, in the best manner and from the best
iterisl. and sold st the lowest rate,
Philadelphia, July 19th. 1845. ly.
SIIUCERT'S PATENT
rASZIlTG MACHI1TE.
1HIS Machine has now been tested by more
L then thirty familiea in thia neighborhood, and
a given entire rati f action. It is so simple in its
natruction, that it cannot get out of order. It
nlaiua no iron to rut, and noapringaor rollerato
.: out of renair. It will do twice as much wish
's, with leae than half the wear and tear of snj of
ilnte invention, and what ia of greater I moor.
ice, it costs but little over half as much aa other
shing machine.
The subscriber hss the exclusive right for Nor
imberlend. Union, Lvcoming, Columbia, L ti
ne and Clinton counties. Price of single ma
ineS6. H. B.MA88ER.
The following certificate is from a few of those
to have these machines in use.
Hunhury, Aug. 24, 1844.
Wa. the subscribers, certify that wa have now
ue, in our families, 8hugert' Pstent Wash
j Machine," and do not heaitate atylng that it is
lost excellent invention. That, in Washing,
- will save more than one half the usual labors
at it do not require more than one third tha
jal quantity of soup and water and thai there
io rubbing, and conaequently, little or ne wear
; or tearing. -That it knocka off ne buttona, and
t the finest clothes, auch sa collar, lacea, tuekk
la, &.c, may be washed in a vary short time
iout the leaat injury, and m fact without any
tarent wear and tear, whatever. We therefor
rfully recommend it to our frienda and to tha
die, a a mosi useful and labor saving machine.
CHAKLES W.HEUmO,
A. JORDAN,
CHS. WEAVER.
CHS. PLEA8ANTS,
, ' GIDEON MARKLE,
Hon. GEO. C. WEI.KER,
BENJ. HENDRICKS,
GIDEON LE18ENRINQ.
aa's Horai, (fiirmerly T re moot House, No.
.16 Chesnut sueet.) PhlUdelphia, September
.1st. 1844.
. have used Shutert'a Patent Waahim Machine
ny house opwsrds of sight month, and do not
Itata to sav that I deem it ana of the aaoat u-
and vsluabla labor-eariog machiB aver in vac
. , I formerly kept two woman continually a
,ied in washiug, who now do aa much ia two
a as they then did in one week, 'mere is no
,ir or tear in washing, and it requires not mora
n one-third the osual quantity of swap. I have
I a number of other machines ia ny family, but
t ia aa decidedly superior to every thing alas, sod
In! liable to set out of repair, that I would not
.-.isint ma if they should cost ten times tha
a ihev are sold for. DANIEL HERR
TCITTEEbTbe highest price will be
i ...an lot Flaa Sed. at tha store er
,u..,H4 HENRY MASSE H.
STOBITJEY
; r-ii t
'-,1
Absolute acquiescence In the Jeclaione of the
Bjr Ufasier EUeljr.
PBKCHOITRB Hew, IMOBI OAMBItOV,
t taia Rednetlow sr the TarlsT of 1 8 ,
DRMVKKKn IN Tnt RRNATK OP tnt VMITED STATES,
JULY S3, 1848. -
' ' - (Continued.)
I have already intimated what 1 believe wilt
be the effects of thia bill. I hope, for the wel
fare of my country, that ', I may be mistaken ;
but if it be true that the "history of the past ia
but the prophecy of the future," the result is too
clearly foreshadowed to admit of doubt. Pass
thia bill,'' and the democratic party must again
be defeated and our opponents again triumph,
and the policy of the country will be unsettled
lor year. This, however, may be considered a
minor consideration compared with its disas
trous effects upon every branch of trade and busi
ness in the country. , The lawyers my flourish
and grow rich, for thoy prosper by the distresses
of other men. They may build up fortunes u
pon the ruined estatea of their fellow-citizens,
and the hard-earned savings of the laboring
man. No other class of the community can de
rive any benefit from thia bill of, abominations.
Now; Mr. President, allow tne to sk, why shsll
this continual interference with the best inte
rests of the country be pursued 1 and, especially,
why ahall our commonwealth, which hss been
so true to the country and to the democratic
party, be made the theatre of this distress and
ruin 1 What ia there in her trade, her busi
ness, or the charactrr of Iter people, that makes
these repeated attacka necessary or proper?
The history of her trade ia one of honest indus
try and humble thrifL
VVith tha indulgence of the Senate, 1 will go
into a some whit detailed statement of the lea
ding branches of that trade. I need not pay,
that in agriculture she has stood foremost among
the States of the Union ; thst her land ia a
mong the most fertile, and that it has been the
most highly cultivated ; that her farmers are
proverbial for their virtue, their intelligence,
and their skill. Nowhere hea more attention
been paid to agriculture as a pursuit or as a sci
ence, and nowhere haa it been crowned with
greater success. Nowhere in thia Union iathe
eye ot the traveller delighted with such aub-
stantial evulencea of comfort and happiness as
re presented in her beautifully cultivated farms
nd their neat and substantial dwellines. And
yet, Mr. President, notwithstanding all we hear
within these walla of the injury sustained by
jrieulture, in supporting manufactures, thia
whole population have been united aa one man
n suxtaining their infant manufactures and de
veloping the rerourcea of their mine.
Iet ua look at her coal trade ; and if I cannot
instruct tho Senate , by its details, I shall at
least astonish them by the rapidity ofita growth ;
and I trust I Fhall induce some Senatora to
pause, before they aid in the entire destruction
of this vast interest sn interest which haa in
creased more rapidly than any branch of indus
try in the country.
The coal trade commenced iu 1820. In that
year only SG5 tone of anthracite coal were sent
to maiket.
In 1821 .
1,072 tone
2.240
33,090
. 174.737
550.835
. 805,414
1,108,001
.2,021,074
1822
1825
1830
1835
1840
1842
1845
And in 1840 it will fully reach 2,500.000 tons.
It is remarkable tact, that, in proportion to
the aid extended by the government to thia Im
porta nt trade, not only haa the quantity tncrea
ted, but the price haa been reduced to the citi
sens; thua completely destroying the tree trade
theory of tha present dsy. Upon the same
principle, the price will continue to fall aa the
quantity mined rises, to a certain extent; for,
like all other commercial transactions, the oper
ator makes hia profile from the amount of busi
neas be does, rather than the sepante itema of
it. Thia will be seen by the table of sales in
Philadelphia, New York, and Boston, for the
last six yeare:
Years. Philed.
1840 per too 5 50
N. York.
8 00
7 7ft
- Boston.
0 00 to 11 00
1841
S 00
4 29
3 50
3 37
a so
8 00 to 000
1842 - 4 25 8 60
1843 3 50 5 75
1844 3 37 . 6 50
1845 3 50 8 00
6 00 to
6 00 to
6 00to
800 to
8 50
6 50
6 50
700
la 1840 labor was from $5 to s)6 a
week;
now it commands from $& to $10,
Here is regular decrease for five yearr. la
the present year there is alight rise, occasion
ed by the destruction . of the Schuylkill canal.
and the consequent inability of tha miners to
send sumcieot quantity to market.
Twenty yeare ego good wood commanded
nearly every winter, in ths ' Philadelphia and
New York marketa, as much aa 9 and $10 s
cord, and frequently, in extremely coM winters,
it rose much higher. Bo much distress was
there often in large cities front tba wsnt of fu
el, that it led, as a matter of necessity, to
ths establishment of fuel-saving eocietiee, by
which tha poor man could proltcl himself
i I V 1 I 1,1. ,..t . ...... ...
AND SHAMOKIN JOURNAL.
majority, tha vital principal of Republics, from whieh
Banbury, Northumberland Co.
gainst tha high prices in the winter season.
Now, a ton of coal, which is eqnaltn a Cord
and half of hickory wood, can be purchased In
either of these cities for what was, twenty years
ago, the lowest price ' of a cord of wood.' The
introduction of thia now article'of fuel, which
has been fostered ' and encoursged into use by
our revenue laws, hss brought down the price
or this necessary of life, and haa been the cause
of more comfort to the poor man'a home than any
invention of the age. Thirty years ago this
article (I mean the anthracite coal of Pennsyl
vania) was entirely, unknown now it gives
employment to labor, annually, equal to five
millions of days work. It gives employment to
bout 700 ships of 160 tons each, snd it affords
nursery for the education of about 5,000 ses-
men, the importance of which can only be felt
in case of a war with a maritime power. Des
troy thia business, and yon transfer this nursery
to the coal minee of Great Britain. It has in,
vested in it more than fifty millions of dollare,
nd it sustains a population in its immediate
eighberhond of some 60,000 or 70,000 people.
It consumes annually more than two milliona of
dollara' worth of agricultural products, and more
than three and at half miUiont of dollars' worth
of merchandise. ''''' 1 -
The oil alone consumed in the anthracite coal
region of Pennsylvania, in one year, is worth o
ver three hundred thousand dollars.
The rent paid by the miners to the owners of
land amounta to an annual sum of $600,000, and
thia sum is produced by s ' very small charge on
each ton mined not more than 30 or 40 cents
II the remainder being expended for labor in
one form or another ; and the land for which
this rent is paid was, until recently, a barren
waste.
The effect of the tariff upon thia branch of
onr industry is illustrated by the following fact :
In 1837 tha amount of coal sent ,
to market was 861.000 tons
In 1842, with low duties, it had
increased to only 1,108,000
Show log an Increase of 227,000 tone in five
years. In 1846 it will be over 2,500,000 tons,
showing an increise, under the effects of the
tariff of 1842, in a period of only (our yeare, of
1,302.000 tons.
Among the striking effects Df the introduc
tion of this article, fostered aa it baa been by our
tariff la wa, ia one for the correctness of which I
ppeal to the Senstnra of Maseachuacltet tho
completion of the Reading railroad, one of the
avenues by which the coal reaches market, haa
made auch a reduction in the price of fuel in
that Slate, that the amount saved annually to
ita citizens equals the interest on her whole
State debt; thus virtually aboliehinr the debt
teelt I take this State aa a matter of convent
ence, aa it ia the great market of the east Its
effect on other States, particularly New York
miiBt be equally atriking. And yet, it Imay be
permitted to digrees, we aee public men, pro
fessing to represent the interest of their consti
tuents, giving their aid to the destruction of
this business,' so important to those interests.
The anthracite coal ia confined to the eastern
base of the Allegany mountains. On the
western elope only ia found bituminoua coal,
andalmoet every western county of Pennsyl
vania, and nearly, every one of the . western
states, abounds in it. I have not bad time to
investigate the amount of business connected
with it ; the operations of it have been confi
ned to local sections: but it haa greatly increa
sed ainca the tatiffot 1812 haa kept the British
coal from competing with it io tha New Orleans
market I will, however, give one fact, show
ing the effect of tha trade and use of this article
upon the prosperity of the country. The city
of Pittsburg, it is known to all, lies in a basin
surrounded with coal veina. It iaone vast work
shop, and its whole growth and prosperity is de
rived from tbo coal extracted from the frowning
mountains which surround, it Every one of its
citicens Uvea, directly or indirectly, from the
produco of the coa! ntinea.
The town of Pittsburg in 1813 had but 5,748
inhabitants. In 1840 the population of the city
proper wee 21,160. It is now 45,000 more
than doubled in six years. I have uot the data,
but 1 presume nearly all thia increaee has takeu
place aince 1842, aa I know, for some yeara pre
ceding the passage of tha tarif) bill, business
was almost entirely suspended. The pnpula
tvon of the city, snd surrounding villages.
which ars actually a part ol the city, amounta
to the round number ot 100,000, and iu whole
prosperity haa ita origin in ita coal and its iron.
and tba manufactures which they have brought
isto existence. ne coai now, used by our
steamships on the gulf , is furnished from the
Hooongahela coal mines f and ths movements
of our fleet betora Vera Crux, to which the eyea
of the nation are now turned, will greatly de
pend oa en abundaoce of this important means
of national defence .within our own bordcra.
Deatroy the trade produced by these mines, snd
in time of war we might have to depend oa
our enemy lor supply of this essential els
meat in modsra warfare
there is Ho appeal but to force, the vital principle
Pa, 8a turd ay, August 15, .1846,
"1 1 be western Senators to look 'at the picture
which Pittsburg presents to them, in the hope
that, instead of aiding to destroy the tariff, they
will look to the many points, equally well situ
ated, with coal and iron round them,', upon
which cities may be made to grow up, and, like
it, become a market for the vast agricultural
products of their fertile regions. ;
The next moat important product of Pennsyl
vania ia her mannfacturea of iron. .
By the census of 1810, tho number of fur-
nsces in Pennsylvania waa2!3. Returns were
procured in 1842 from a large number of them
ahowing them to be' capable of producing 152,
000 tone of pig metal. The tarif," of 1842 found
the fires of nesrly all these furnaces extinguish
ed, their workmen idle, and their familiea in
many cases without the mcana of subsistence.
And it is a melancholy truth that many debta
then contracted for the mesne of living are still
unpaid from the savings of years of hard labor.
Since the passage of the bill of 1842 more
thsn 100 new furnaces have been built,' which
produce 178,000 tone of metal more than 100
per cent. of an increase.
The investment of capital to produce one ton
of charcoal pig metal is estimated at $47, and
for anthracite pig metal $25. These sums
multiplied by the amounts of charcoal and an
thracite metal annually produced by the lur
nacea that have been erected eince 1842, shows
a capital of $6000.000 invested in the business
since that time. Thia and the capital previous
ly invested, with the smount necessary to put
the metal in the castings, &c, makes the whole
investment about $20,000,000. Thia is whol
ly independent of the current expenditures ne
cessary to produce the iron.
The metal produced by these furnaces annu
ally, in its raw state, ia worth $11,000,000. If
one-half of it, which ia probable, ia converted
into bar or other coarse iron, it cannot be done
for less than an expenditure of $9,000,000 ;
and if the other half be put into castings, it will
cost $4,000,000. Thus showing an actual ex
penditure of 24,000,000 of dollara annually in
the neighborhood of the furnacea j the greater
part of which is paid to the farmer, the laborer,
and the mechanic, of the surrounding country.
A careful estimate howa that about tctcn
teen thousand men are necessary to produce
the iron made in Pennsylvania thia year, in the
capacity of laborers and mechanics, in conne
xion with its immediate production. Allowing
six persons to a family, and we have ever a
hundred thomand persons immediately con
tiected with the labor ot these furnaces. The
labor necesrerv. to convert this metal into bars,
hoops, casting, railway iron, Ac, die, would
fully equal another hundred thousand persona.
In this estimate there ia no account taken of
the thousand upon thousands ot persona enga
ged in the various pursuit growing mil of, and
indirectly connected with, the manufacture of
iron. . rr : :
1 have given here a statement of the manu
facture ol iron in ita first stages only, I have
no means of estimating the number of perrons
or the amount of tha capital employed in con
verting it Into machinery, mechanical uses, and
the endless variety of fabrica into which it en
ters, ' '
Every village in the State haa one or more
foundries' every large town has ita machine
shop; and the sound of the steam engine greets
your ear at every turn. I have not had time to
pursue thia investigation in alt ita minor details.
There ia no meana of estimating the variety of
use to which it is dcMined to be applied.
is already used extensively in boats, snd to some
extent in ships of the largest class ; end it is
the only material of which ships engsged
the commerce of the gulf csn be made proof
against the destructive character of the marine
worms of that region.
What t have done haa been with a view
of
ahowing the great importance of thia trade, now
threatened with destruction , with no motive!
that I can see, unless it be to' build up in the
south a lordly aristocracy who have no Concep
tion of the dignity of labor. It ahall not be
aaid hereafter that thia calamity waa brought
upon the laboring men of my country without
ejl the effort In tny power to prevent it My
sympathiea are with these people. I come
from among the children of toil, and, by con
etant application and honest labor, have reach
ed the proud position 1 occupy lonlay. , The
beat legacy I could desire to leave my childreo
would be the fact that 1 had contributed to de
feat s measure fraught, as I believe thia is, with
calamity to !hoe with whom I have mingled
all tny life. These laboring men are mostly
democrats. Their employers are frequently
of tha opposite politics; yet, with the freedom
and Independence that I hope will ever charae
terize the yeomanry ef thia land, they vote en
tirely untrammelled. They will be aurpriaed
to be told now that the doctrine of a ' protective
tariff, which they have always believed ia and
' J . j . ' - '
eusiaineo, is not Democratic
What American citieen can desire to see b
fellow-citizens brought down to a level with the
pauper labor of Europe ! What makes our
V
and immediate parent of ileepotieia.-jBrtiBa
ow.
, .VoU !bNo. 4TWhle Ns.8oV.
country great but the industry, the intelligence
nd honest enterprise of the men whose mesne of
ving is to be taken from them by thia bill 1 In
whatother country under heaven has the man
who toils for his daily bread the right to say
ho shall make and adminiatcr hia laws!
Where else is the proud spectacle presented of
the laboring man approaching thu ballot-box
free, and without restraint! In what other
country can the journeyman mechanic reach
the Senate chamber 1 And yet thia bill seems
to have no other contemplation of the laboring
man here, than as the pauper laborer of Europe.
tfui now ditwenl is their condition. At one
iron establishment in Walea, where three thou
sand men are employed, over 2,000 of them get
but 12 centa a day; o'hers, from 16 to 20 cents
dsy, snd board themselves. In this country
the lowest price paid is a dollar, and others re
ceive from $2to$4a day.'""'"' " ' '
We make in the Union about 480,000 tons
of iron annually,' more than half of which is
made in Pennsylvania. '
The product of British iron manufactured Is
about 1,500,000 tone.. The population in Great
Britain proper exceeds ours by about 7,000,000
In 1825, their duty on a ton of bar iron was
$3750. It was kept at that Until the facilities
for making it enabled them to make it cheaper
han any other nation. Our facilities for mak
ing it arc daily increasing; and the day ia not dis-
ant when the S'ate of Pennsylvania will be
hie to compete with Kngland, if her furnacea
re not strangled now by thia bill.
In France, at the present day, there is a duly
of $41 75 on rolled iron, and $15 50 on pig
metal. Russia haa a heavy duty on iron t eo
haa Sweden ; and indeed every nation that
pro lucca it. The consequence . must be that
the iron of England must break down our man
ufacturera ; for, having no other market, she
will at any price flood ours, until our furnacea
are closed and our capital gone into soma other
channel ; when having no competition, she will
force her own price and maku her own profits.
Why should not this trade be preserved to our
people t .Why should the bonds of union, form
cd by the commerce in these articles between
the different States, be broken up! .If the U
nion ia worth preserving, why not by all means
strengthen the cords which bind it together!
We may be almost a world within ourselves.
We have every eoil and climate under the sun,
and every product of the world can be furnished
in some one of the States ( and, while we are
giving just protection to the agriculture, manu
factures, navigation, commerce, and themecha
nic arte of the different sections, we are contri
but ing to the comfort, happiness, snd security
of the whole Union. It is idle to expect that
the reduction of the duties on these articles will
reduce the price. It is a writ known tact that
the lessees of the British coal mines and the
iron manufacturers can control the supply, by
n arrangement among themselves. They
now have quarterly meetings to effect that ob
ject, and to fix the pricea ; and no more ia pro
duced than is necessary to command a particu
lar price. If thia bill is passed, we sha'.l of
course have to comply with their terms. '
I have alluded some hat at length to some
of the principal branches of manufactures snd
commerce in my State. I have done so in the
hope of arresting the attention of Senators, and
of inducing them to pause before they deatroy
thetn. There are othera of great importance,
but time will not permit me to pursue them in
detail. Her cotton and woolen manufactarea
are both very extensive, and furnish employment
to many thousand people. The city of Phila
detphia itself is nne Val manufactory, in which,
within the last four years, has silently sprung
up some of the largest establishments in the
Union, and in which are made fabrica erjual to
the ftneat productions of ths World. Iter loco
motives fly over the railroads of Various qusr
teraof the globe, and her ateam engines are u
aed in every State of the Union. . tier glaaa
works are extensive and prosperous, and rival
the best productions ot Europe. New woolen
and cotton manufactories ore springing up dai
ly, and now scarcely need protection, except
from the frauds which will most certainly be
practised under thia bill.
The manufacture of paper in the State em
ploys about filteen hundred persona, in about
nne hundred mills, who receive annually in we
ges about $300,006. The product ef thei
mil la amounts to about $1,250,000. This art
cle is produced main'y from a material whici
ia otherwise entirely useless. The amount of
rajs consumed la equal in Value to $000,000
The effect of thia manufacture upon the house
hold economy of every family mutt be obvious
to every one, of the slightest perception. Oth
er nations, wiser it would seem than Ua, have
placed g proper estimate Upon, ita importance.
Prance, by an unusual restriction, prohibits en
tirely the exportation ef rsgs from her do
minion. With e population of3300,000 whs
are producera of rags, not more tbaa 5,000,000
probably are conaumers of paper. Rags are,
therefore, furnished te their mills for about the
' rKICC OF APTCTTH11IO.
I aquaro I Ineertion, , . a: . $0 60
1 s do . 1 , do t . ' . . 0 75
I" da 8 " ' do ' ', I fl
' Every subsequent Insertion, " v.. .. 0 S.I
Yearly Advertisements! onesolumn, fSS half
column, $ I S, three squares, $ 1 1 . two squares, f U
one square, 5. Half-yearly t one column, $18 t
half column, $IS three squares, f 8 ; two squsres,
f S ; one square, f 3 60. '
Advertisements left without direction as to the
length of time tbey are to be- published, will be
continued until ordered out, and charged accord
ingly. " , .
1 (Sixteen lines or less make a square.
labor of collecting them. Not more than a cent
or two, at most, is paid for the beat rags, while
in this country they command three times that
price, , This, with the low price of labor, ena
ble them to send their paper here, and derive
a profit arter paying a very high duty. Dea
troy, aa yon will by thia bill, the entire manu
facture of many kinds of paper in thia country,
and suppose, as the result which, however, t
do not admitthat the pricea will be reduced :
1 ask, where is the compensation for the im
mense loss the country will suffer in the de
struction of the domestic market for her raga!
Senators will bo surprised when t tell them
that the Waste article from which paper is made
in this country amount to eighty thouemd tons
per annum, and that they are worth at least aix
and a half milliona of dollars. let it be re
membered that .this is a mere ssving of an
otherwise useless article. Experience in tins
country proves that when tho price is lower
than now paid, the supply of rags greatly di
minishes, Materials of thia kind, peculiar to
the southern States, pay for all the paper u
aed there t and those materials would be entire
ly worthless if our paper establishments were
driven out of existence
In addition to the vast expenditure by indi
viduals, the State of Pennsylvania has invested,
herself, over forty millions of dollars to create
avenueafor carrying these manufactures to mar
ket The toll paid by them in turn enables her
to pay the interest on this debt; the prosperity,
therefore, of these establishments, is vitally im
portant to the welfare of the State itself. No
wonder, then, at the anxiety of all her citizens
on this subject. With an increased tax 9larin
hem in the face, to pay the intereat on their
Stale debt, and a direct tax to support the gen
eral government, which is sure to follow if the
free trade notions of the south are carried out.
pity the public man, Mr. President, who shall
call on them after having contributed to this re
auit 1 have referred to the internal improve-
menta of Pennsylvania aa State works. The
are in truth great national works, made at tha
cost of a single State. Three-fourths of the
States of the Union derive immense benefits
from their construction. The national govern
ment already, in the transportation of bar troops
aud munitiona of war over them, has saved a
large sum. She could now transport from Phila
dclphia to Lake Erie one hundred thousand men
for what it cost, during the Isst wsr with Eng
land, to get a single regiment there. ' It was no
uucommon price then to pay BMUU a ton for
freight from Pittsburg to Erie. By our canals
a ton can . now be transported between those
points for five dollara j and yet the general go
vernment would, by this bill, prevent us from
paying the interest upon the debt contracted
for them.
The advocates of this bill offer us, as a reme
dy for all the evila to be proJoced by the de
struction of our manufactoriea and our mecha
nic intereat, an increased market for our agri
cultural products. Let us look into that Tho
Hon. Secretary of the Treasury , who should bo
good authority, in his celebrated Texas letter
urges the annexation mainly upon the impor
tance of securing by it a home market for our
agricultural products. In that letter occurs the
following important passage: "The foreign
consumption of our products is a mere drop In
the bucket in comparison with that of the home
market. a a fQut
ex porta or domestic products, by the trea
sury report of 1340, amount to $103,533,896 i
deducting which from our whole product, (by
the census of 1840, $0o9,G00,845,) would leava
$856,006,949 ol our products consumed iu that
year by our population of seventeen millions,
and the consumption of our domestic products
by the population of the World only amounta to
$103,533,8D6., This View taken in that letter
added greatly to recoucile the people of the
north to the annexation ; and yet, among the
first results ol that act is ths introduction of a
policy wholly adverse to the argumenta upon
which it waa procured- It ia well known that
Without Pennsylvania the annexation could not
have been accomplished. And now we see the)
representatives of Texas in Congress uniting
in i measure whieh PermylVanla deprecates ss
a curse, which nhly her enemiesought to inflict.
Is this the return we bad s right to expect.'
Well may she exclaim, 'Save ma from my
friends!" But to return. The Secretary was
correct in stating that we must look at home for
a market The small amount of exports lea-
thsn ohe-nlnth of the whole amount produced
in the Country ought to be sufficient to satisfy
every one that we csnnot rely on a foreign mar
ket.
(Concluded next tretk.)
Aa lataMWaVa Bwtlcr A ireilemari Vttt
ploying an Irishman, wished to Vnow what re
ligion he waa of, fend one day ked him
Well, Paddy, my boy, rai your belief f
Is it my belter, your bonor Well, 1 owe
Mistress Cromichae fi rt 0ollara fo rent snd it's.
ner oelier I'll f ,
lief Ml reV4t - her wi f,M faf
lielea) s, r
my ltli
t