ArivUVAL OP TUB IIIBERXIA.
.? tvrntjrtwa Day Lmr From Knglsnri.
t;Teel ffiht president'! Menfngt Dissolution of
l'it Huturl SknUtrif and liesturation of the Vttl
M'nitlry,
Since the publication of our regular edition on
Saturday, we received the important news by
fti Steamship Ilibernia, which airived at Boston
st 8 o'clock on Friday. It wat immedaitely is.
urd in an Extra Ledger, which, with extra
ftnm the U. S. Gazette and the North American
l!Wt, gratified the anxious desire ofth public
tit learn its import The effect of the news has
W tt hiehly favorable on stocks. The restora
tion of the Peel Ministry and the moderate tone
of the English press upon tha President's Mes
.ijf. are believed to be positive indication of a
s'rong deposition to preserve the present peace
ful relations between Great Britain and this conn
try. V copy to-day liberally from the London
papers the expressions of opinion upon tha sub
ject in which this country is most interested.
Th TLbernia arrived off Haliifax on Sunday
morning, but was unable to get into port before
Tuesday morning, thus suffering a detention of
forty-P'tlht hours, during whiih time the thermo-wti-r
indicated a temperature of 10 degree be
low I?ro.
The P.ritannia arrived at Liverponl ofthe loth
JWcmber, in 12 days, and the Cambria on the
27th. in 11 days from Boston. The propeller
Mans.-bnsotts reached Liverpool in 20 days from
New Vol k.
The President's Message Mas received In Li
vipool by the ship Sa. Captain Freeman, on
the CSd, in seventeen days from New York, and
was conveyed to London in six hours from its
arrival in the Mersey. It was conveyed by ex
press to France and Germany.
Parliament was summoned to meet uf Ml des
patch of buttress on the 22d of January, Thurs
day last.
Cotton was a shade better than at the date of
our last advices. Flour about the same, though
prices were unsettled.
The Oregon correspondence had but just reach
ed England when the steamship left. Of course
i; had not been spread before the people. Some
rf the papeis comment upon it with much more
bitterness than they bestowed upon the message.
For instance, the Spectator spitefully character
izes it as, on tha American side, a manifestation
of dishonest ability. The Times make its
strongest point on the presumed incompatibility
between the Spanish title and the Austrian title
Vy discovery.
There was a dreadful storm on the English
coast, Dec, 21st and i2d, which caused numer
ous disasters to the shipping, and the lo s of many
lives. The Times states that 00 vessels had been
Irtt, in the course of a few days, and mert than
100 live. Among the vessels are two steamers,
the St. David and Tom Bowling. Another was
a Dutch East Indinman, the Twee Ceruolelenses,
.vith a cargo worth $100,000 a total los.
On the night of tha Cth of December, the
Trench Government Steamer Papin was lost on
the African coast, near Magadore, and half of
her crow, 75, perished ; among them were M.
.Moray Monge, the Consul at Magadore, M. Fleu.
jot de Lantjle, commandant of the vessel.
Tha Arabs displayed upon this occasion as
much courage as humanity. In less then two
hours they succeeded in brirging off -14 persons,
carrying them upon their shoulders, and swim
ming with them through a very heavy sea.
Ths committee of the London Teace Society
h.ive memorialized Sir Robert Peel in favor of
settling the Oregon question by peaceful rather
than by other means, whatever provocation the
British Government may receive to adopt a war
like tone and policy. They earnestly deprecate
war between th two rations, and urge the pro
priety of settling the dispute by arbitration.
A AV-ti Vane.'. Professor Encke, of Berlin,
baseiven notice on the 13th of December last,
tint he found a star of the 0th magnitude in a
plaee where before there was none. Professor
Shumacher had made a number of observations
npon it. It is near Vesta, and has a motion si
milar to that planet. It was not exaetly deter
mined whether it wa planet or a comet.
From Wilmer h Smith' Times, 4th inst
RE-INSTALMENT OF THE PEEL MINIS
TRY. Bit whila attention was fixed upon the dra
matis persona), the public were astounded by
lourning that the attempt had been made, and
bad failed that th'a leader could not agree a
mong themnf lves. and that all was chaos once
more. It suU-eqiiently transpired that Lord
Grey had ranted the bitch, by refusing to join
the Cabinet if Lord Pai'mcrston had the seals of
the Foreign office, and tha Whig paper were sa
vage with h's loidship for keeping in the dark
bis fueling townrd the lata Foreign Secretary
nntil he could strike him most effectually. That
the blow was unlookcd for in the quarter from
which it proceed 'J seems undeniable; but that a
cause, in itself o apparently trifling, should havo
broken np a Cab.net, and produced results so
momentous, shows clearly enough that the em
bryo Ministers bad not their heart in the work.
They must have deeply felt the responsibility,
tha perilousness, nay tha hopelessness of the
aV, when the opinion of a single member was
nfSeient to snuff tha experiment out of exis
tence.
Lord PalmeTston's exclusion from the Foreign
ofTiee, ly a Governjnnt of which Lord John Rus.
el was tha hea l, could hot bav been ralculated
on ; it would have involved a eensurt of tha no
b'e lord's polity while he bald thi office, and
would bava been regarded as a publie conderr.ra
tion of one of the uoblett statesmen tbi Whigs
have in their ranks.
Nevertheless, considering tkat Lord Palmers-
Ion, before ha It-ft oilic, did embroil himself, and
was nearly embroiling hiseoar.try with Francs
considering, too, that hi resumption of power,
t thi present moment, woold, In to oatur of
things, have rer.dersi th Hemnt of our difk
culties with tha I;iiitl States mora perplexed
and uncertain we may under all thi circum
stances, rejoice that wa have been spared th in
fliction. When Lord John Russell threw up his cares,
there was no alternative but tosend for Peel ; and
thi most extraordinary move in this drama of
Cabinet-making is, that he felt as little apparent
hesitation in resuming the office, as he evinced
promptness in throwing it up. Hi resumption
of power immediately made itself felt in very
branch of trade. Confidence, which had been
shattered by the railway panic, became paraly
zed when it was known Peel was out ; the mar.
kets fell, the funds sunk, business was suspended,
and a gloom, a mist, hung over the commercial
and trading world. These evils are fast sitbsi
ding with the causes that called them into exis
tence. Upwards often days lave elopsel since it be
came kuown that Peel was again Premier, and
every day has shown improved symptoms in the
produc, share, money, and other market. Th
change apppars the more extraordinary, from the
fact that its future policy is as much the matter
of speculations as the new comet even more nn
defied, undeveloped. Nobody knows what Peel
will do but everyone has confidence in Peel a
singular proof of the ho'd which one powerful
mind hns over the sympathies and the prospects
of millions of people,
The London Examiner wittily observes In re
ference to this prevailing feeling, "Tha beauty
of the present juncture is nobody knows what
Sir Robert Peel is going to do, and yet every bo
dy is satisfied that he is a man to do nobody
knows to'wt.
The Cabinet resume power with its personnel
but slightly altered. Changes there have been,
but they are few, and, with one exception, unim
portant. Lord Wharnecliffe, the President of the Coun
cil, who died from excitement produced by th
resignation of his colleagues, is to be succeeded
by the Duke of Buccleuch. Lord Ellcnborough
is to be the First Lord of the Admiralty.
The Earl of Haddington is to have the office of
the Frivy Seal, which the Duke of Buceleuch
filled. But the most striking change of the whole
i the resignation of the Colonial Secretary, Lord
Stanley, and the appointment of Mr. V. E. Glad
stone as his successor.
The following are the new members of tie Ca
binet :
First Lord of the Treasury, Sir Robert Peel.
Secretary of thi Home Department, Sir R. G.
Graham.
Lord Chancellor, Lord Lyndburst.
Lord President of thi Council, Duke of Cue
clench.
Commander in Chief, Duke of Wellirg'on.
Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Earl of Aber
deen. Lord of Privy Seal, Earl of Haddington
President of thi Board of Control, Eatl of
Ripon.
Chancellor of the Exchequer, Ripbt Hon. H
Gonlburn.
Chancellor of tha Duchy of Lancaster, Lord
G. Somerset.
Commissioner of Land Revenues, Farl Lin
coln. Secretary of War, Et. Hon S. Herbert.
PresiJent of the Eoard of Trade, Earl Dalhou-
sie.
First Lord of the Admiralty. Earl of Ellen-
borough.
Poktmastcr General, Earl of St. Germans.
Secretary for the Colonies, Hon. G. W. Glad
stone.
V'( need hardly trouble our readers with the
thousand and one rumors v hich prevailed respect
ing the future policy of the Prernitr. Some as
sert that the re-construction of his Cabinet in
volved a compromise with his colleagues that
instead of a total repeal of the Corn laws, which
the whigs showed their incapacity to carry. Sir
Robert is to suppose a fixed duty of twelve shil
lings, or six shillings per quarter the figures
have a wide margin in the mouth of Madame Ru
mor to be decreased by a shilling or two shil
lings per annum, until it expires in the course of
six or ten years, as the ease may be. Others say
that a permanent duty of three shillings a quar
ter, with compensation to the landowner, enters
into the new policy. All this is so purely con
jectural that we mention it as a proof of the ab
sence of correct information, and of the diversify
of opinion that prevails. Nothing definite will,
in all probility, be known until the meeting of
Parliament. Every possible precaution will be
taken to prevent the Secret of the Cabinet from
oozing out, as they did when the London Times
published them a month ago. The premature in
stent into cl;;cial secrets leu, there is reason
to believe, to the important political ronseqnen
ccs which followed. But it requires, we think,
little iaacity to determine, that if Sir Robert
Peel meddles at all with the Corn Laws as med
dle he will and must hi next measure will be
a final one. The time for any further tinkering
has passed. No half scheme will suffice. All
the elements of agitation would remain as strong
nd as vigorous as ever; and without the trlut
which the total abandonment of the present ays
tern would give him, the retention of a fixed du
ty, however small would disgust all parties, and
give satisfaction to none. The existing state of
uncertainty mnst be submitted to until the 2d
instant, when the National Councils will become
a bare garden of Corn-law politics.
Caibes or the Disruption or rns Wuio
Cabinet. The London Spectator, evidently
from au (jfiicial souicl', gives tlie following a
the reasons of the break-down of the Whig at
tempt to form a Government
Cow in j to Loudon, in compliance with a
summon from the newly appointed Premier
Lord Grey travelled with a companion, high in
the Whig council, who attended all the meet
ingi in Chetlmn Place alter the arrival. To
that companion Lord Grvy communicated bide
termination to tiki do part io any Mioiiuy of
which Lord Palcnerston should hold the Foreign
Department and he had every reason to rely
on the belief that the sentiment ao expressed
would have been communicated to Lord John
Russell, Whether it wasao communicated or
not, Ixrd Grey took care that Lord John Russell
should not be ignorant of hi views, although
they were so presented at to avoid the appear
ance of dictation.
On the evening of the Wednesday of which
the Whigs had determined to undertake the Go
vernment, Lord Grey went home and wrote a
letter to Lord John, in which he urged great cau
tion in distributing the office of tits now minis
try; pointed out the necessity of making it is lit
tle a possible like revival of the Melbourne Ca
binet; impressed nn the expectant Premier that
no regard to personal feelings oujht to interfere
with the allotment of offices; anJ stated that
hi joining the Government, though ho promi-
mid it his cordial support in any case, must de
pend on his being satisfied with oil the arrange
ments regarding offices.
Lord John Russell must have known Earl
Grey's opinions in regard to Lord Palmereton'a
foreign policy, and could scarcely have misun-
lerelood those hints. If he wis in doubt, he
should have asked for an cxp'anntion. When
at last no choice w left to Lord Grey but to
declare his peremtory objection, he did so in a
way which forbade every suspicion of personal
feeling. The Colonial Office, with the loader-
chip in the House of Lords, had been t ffered to
himself.
He objected by placing Lord Pelmerstcn in
the Foreign Department, because such an ap-
sointment would create alarm among foreign
powers, and also among the great bulk of the
community at home, including a larger propor
tion of the Liberal than those of the Conserva
tive party ; without him-elf criticising Lord
Paloierfton's policy he objected to his being pla
ced in the Foreign Office, simply as a fresh diffi
culty in the way ofa Liberal ministry.
At the same time Lord Grey distinctly de
clared that he should he most happy to have
Lord Falmerften as a colleague in any other de
partment; and, in order to such an arrangement,
he iiffcred to yield the Colonial office and the
leadeiship of the House of Lords if it were
thought odvic-ab!e to raiee Wcnunt Pulineratcn
to the JVnisli Peerage for the purpose.
Lord (trey, therefore, so far from evincing
personal dislike, expressed perfect willingness
to act not only with, but in some degree under
Lord PalmerMon ; and so tar from being dicta
torial or "impracticable," he showed the utmost
disposition to accommodate his own pretensions
or waive them altogether, if he could not con
scientiously act with the new Cabinet as Ird
John Russell might choose to form it.
From Willmer & Smith's Times J
THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
The first Message nf President Polk to Con
gress, has created, as may be readily supposed,
a greater amount of attention in England than
any simi'ar document from the head of the A
merican Union has done for years Public feel
ing wa directed to the Mrssngelong before it
arrived, its tone, Imstile or otherwise, formed
nbu.n'ant scope for conjecture in the press, and
nen I'uripg the rxciiinn lime of the ministerial
crisis, j' ur:;alistF, overwhelmed by the impor
tance of our relations with the United States,
sli pped aside to disciifs the question, even in
the ab.-euce nf the President's views.
Well, the Message came to hand in the ordi
nary course, by the ship "Sea," which made
an excellent pissage. H was generally under
stood, we msy state in this place, that the
steamship which left Huston on the 1ft of De
rentier, conveyed a copy of the Message to
Mr. MeLsne, the American Minister, but if the
fact were so, care was sureesslully taken that
neither the spirit nor the substance cf the Mes
sage transpired.
We have given elsewhere the spVrit of the
English prise on this important document. Our
transatlantic renders will be struck by the ab
sence of all irritation in the remarks ol ihe great
organs of opinion in this country, relative to the
Message; and this reluctance to avoid giving
i ffence, arises altogether from the praiseworthy
desire to heal, rather than to foment the cause
of difference between us and the United States
respecting the Oregon. Some of the articles
we have given are able and comprehensive
views of the question at is-ue, argued, oteoiiise,
with an allowable amount of nation! feeling
and prejustice, but presenting, on the whole, a
just and generous standard of rnson and logic,
One cntije, perhaps, why the Messace has
sgreenbly disappointed expectation here is, the
well-timed observations in which it indulges re
specting a liberal tarifl". If the Oregon is the
bane, the proposed reduction ef the tariff is the
antidote in the new President's missive to Con
gress. The style of the document has elicited
praise, and although Mr. Polk has been snubbed
by European puplicists a nouveile homme, he
lias given proof, in this much criticised docu
mint, of the possession of literary powers that
command respect, it they do not always force
conviction.
Eince the Message came to hand, mother ar
rival ha brought u the correspondence Is id be
fore Congress between the Rritif h ind Ameri
can Minister! on the subject ol the Oregon.
The misfortune of such document! is, that they
are too roluminnu forthe perusal of the great
world. The London Times has devoted a te
ries of articles to the consideration of the cor
respondence, more particularly with reference
to the two point! upon which Mr. Buchannau
insists, nsniely, first, the title arising from pri
or occupancy, and, secondly, the cession of the
, Bptoiih c!lin totbe United Stitea.
The piper in question endeavors to ihow that
the maintenance of these two right is incom
patible; that if one is correet the other cannot
be sustained. "The prior occupation, and the
after cession, may be eited as distinct fscts, but
they cinnot confer one title. Two bad titles
Can no more make I good one, than two affirma
tives can make a negative. '
We should like to have presented our readers
with these srticles is, they are considered in
this country to be able, if not unanswerable ex
positions of the subject, but as they appired
only a day or two proceeding the tailing of the
steamer, when our columns were crowded
with tho statistical information, to which we
hsd previously pledged onrnelves, we ire reluc
tnntfy compelled to forego the pleasure.
Upon the whole, if tho Message lias not
given all the nt 'section, in England, which the
friends and well-wishers of America desire, it
has its favorable point that of Free Trade; and
the pending triumph of Free Trade principles
will, in all prob ibility.be iccomponied by a sat
isfactory adjiisfment of the bone of contention
the Oregon. Polk and Peel agree as to the
neccessity of the first why not of the last si
ternative! Mora of Mexico, Pranre, Spain and Knfi
land.
The Philadelphia United State Gazette pub
lishes the following speculative letter from Ha
vana. I he Gazette say th writer is a gentle
man of observation :
Havana, January 3, 1816.
Dkas Sis : I have heard numerous rumors that
are floating about in this city, and will give you
a few of them : There is no doubt some granl
scheme going forward among the European j
Courts. One ol the rumors is, that one of the
sons of the King of France is to marry the In
fanta of Spain, and take possession of Mexico and
give it back to Spain. The court of Madrid will
appoint the son of Louis Philippe Regent of Mex
ico. There appears some truth in this rumor, as
we have a large Spanish fleet in the harbor, and
a large French fleet is expected here to act in con
cert with the Spanish. England will have a
large number of ships of war to cruize in the Gulf
of Mexico. What share of the rvo'l England is to
receive for her share, Madam Rumor does not say,
but only hints at Upper California, or the East
ern half of Cuba, say to the longitude of 78, as
this part of the island will be nearer her posses
sions. 1 he Court of Madrid dors not like the idea
of giving England a foothold in Cuba as from this
is'and Spain derives nearly all ber revenue, and
she knows full well that if England once raises
the cross of St. George in Cuba, the whole island
is lost to her, and in lieu of thi will offer to Vic
toria Porto Rico. Santa Ana, is here, and is a deep
politician ; he is no doubt trying to effect a revo
lution in Mexico through the army, by working
cn their feelings against the United States for
annexing Texas. As Santa Ana is in the rower
of the Spanish Government he wishes to make it
appear that he is in favor of giving up Mexico to
Spain ; he is in correpondence with all the Gen
erals of Mexico, as he receives several large pack
age by every ttrampacket from Vera Cruz.
Santa Ana you will find to lead the Europ-an
diplomat on the wrong scent; his object will
be to throw Mexico into the arms of the United
Stafes. just at the time the European powers have
all things arranged ; this he no doubt thinks will
cause a war between France and Spain, in which
England must take part with Spain.
Yon will see that Spain in her stupidity, will
lose the Island of Cuba as the Cubanians only
want a pretext to declare themselves independent
and have the Republic of Cuba. Uncle Sam will
no doubt have an efficient navy to keep off a few
bard knocks.
Th Trial of Dr. Scott.
We recently published a statment of theacquit-
tal of Dr. Scott in the trial before the Presbytery
of Louisiana, of the charges made against him of
falshood and certain dereliction as a minister.
The following are the charge and the vote as
published in the New Orleans Delta :
First Charge Falshood, in stating that Henry
Clay had played cards on the Sabbath afterwards
denying that he had so stated ; and then, when in
formed of the current report, that he had not ta
ken proper measures to correct it as he, Dr.
Scott, bad said he had done.
Aequ!ltrdthe Rev. Mr. Smylie.of Mississippi,
alone dissenting.
Secnnd CWcInterfering with, and falsify
ing and altering the records of the Presbytery in
his case, by taking away one paper and substitu
ting another.
Uaavimt-utly aeijuitled.
Thid Cha-ge Acting with unchristian and
unclerical temper in a correspondence with
Messrs. Roselius, Peters and Recorder Baldwin,
in reference to Mr. Clay playing cards on the sab
bath. Aeyuititd one negative only, that of the Rev.
Mr. Smylie.
Fuurlt Charge Heresy, in preaching doctrines
contrary to the Constitution of the Church, in the
charge delivered by him at the installation of the
Rev. Mr. Stanton inasmuch as be assumed the
sole right as a Presbyterian pastor of a congrega
tion to direct its worship and control its fund for
benevolent purpose.
Acquitted unanimously.
We read in a letter from Haru, in Germany:
'The emigrations from our mountain! for Texas
have lately been so numerous, that several of
the villages are entirely deserted. In less than
three months more than six thousand persons
have quitted a country abounding with mines
of iron, lead, and mercury, which demanded on
ly the application of labor to give rich result,
to tempt fortune at a distance of four thousand
league.'
A Labi wa walking along Great Et James
street, Montreal, when an icicle fell from nn of
th bouse, itriking ber cn thi head. She bled
fieftcly, and was instnsibli for tome time.
THE AMERICAN.
Saturday, January 31, 1846.
I. B, PALJftEll, Etq., at hit Ittnt Ei.
tatt and Coal OfT.ct, corner of 3d and Chrtnut
Strrett Vhttadtlphia, U aulhtrittd ( act a$
Jlftnt, ard receipt for all moniet due thli
nice, Tor tmbicripUon or advertitlnf.
.tho. at Ms Otriet.Vb. 160 au Vinct,
.Ind S. E. Corner of DnlUmort and Calvert
tit., Baltimore.
7 A few 20 lb. keg of printing ink can be
had at tbi office, at Philadelphia price, for cash.
ZjT The foieign new thi week, crowded out
much other interesting matter.
03" We are indebted to E. Y. Bright, Esq.,
and other friends, for documents.
07 On our outside, will be found an interest
ing account of the falling in of the mines at Car
bondalc, and the miraculous escape of Mr. Hosie.
K7"Thr Forkicn News which has been so
anxiously looked for, by the steamer Hibernia,
will be read with deep interest. There were
three expresses run through from Boston to New
York, and two from New York to Philadelphia.
Two of these were got up by publishers of pa
pers, and one by the general government: The
greatest anxiety was felt, to know what effect
the President's Message would have in England.
From the war-like tone of some of the British
leaders, when discussing Mr. Polk's inaugural
address, the opinion bad become general that the
message would create great excitement if not
actual war.
But if appears that the message is looked upon
as rather pacific. The English evidently have no
desire of going to war for Oregon, notice or no
notice. Besides, the restoration of the Peel Min
istry puts an extinguisher on every thing like a
probability of wa. Sir Robert Peel's policy is
pacific, and such is the great confidence placed in
him, that all excitement subsided when it was
made known that he was again placed at the
head of government. Stocks immediately rose,
and business revived, althongh bis future policy
in regard to the corn laws, is unknown and un
certain. Sir Robert himself, is not exactly whig
or tory. He is a conservative, although his mi
nistry is designated a tory ministry. The fail
ure of Lord John Russell, the great whig leader,
in forming a Cabinet, was caused by the deter
mination of Lord Grey, in lefusing to come into
the Cabinet, if Lord Palmerston w as appointed
Minister of Foreign Affairs. Palmerston's views
are known to be warlike, and the refusal of his
friends to elevate him to that important post in
consequence of these views, shows bow anxious
the English are to preserve the amicable relations
existing between the two countries. The corn
laws wr think are doomed, and if not entirely
repealed, will be amended, by imposing a small
but fixed duty on wheat. The new is therefore
ofa cheering character.
E7" Tax on Coal. The State Treasurer, in
his last report, recommends a tax of ten cents
per ton on coal. An important debate sprung up
in the legislature, when the subject was introdu
ced. It had, as it deserved, but few supporters,
and the measure was denounced in strong terms.
If coal can be taxed, there is no reason why any
other product of the soil should be exempted.
The coal trade of Pennsylvania has now reached
in amount over two millions of tons, and it is yet
in its infancy.
If England owe her great wealth and power
to her coal and iron, what may we not expect in
a few years from the immense natural resources
of this state. All weask is, to be let alone. This
eternal tinkering disposition of some of our le
gislators, is only calculated to destroy confidence
without accomplishing any good. If our own
slate imposes a tax on coal, we should appear be
fore congress in a poor plight, asking them for
protection against the importation of foreign coal,
which now pays a duty of $1 75 per ton, the re
peal of which would almost entirely prostrate
the coal trade of Pennsylvania.
The British Tress, though they condemn,
as was expected, the tone and spirit of the Pre
sident' Message, speak highly of it as an able
and well written document. One of the London
papers say that, although Mr. Polk may have
been a nouvel't humme, be certainly wields an a
ble pen.
Cy Iir-"RTANi from Mexico. Gen. Taredes
has taken possession of Government. He march
ed into Mexico with 6000 troops. Herrera, the
President, resigned bis office without firing a
single gun. Paredes immediately dissolved the
present Congress, and ordered a new election.
Mr. Slidell, our new minister, was not received,
and such is the hatred ofthe Mexican army to the
U. f tales, that nothing but war with us will satis
fy them.
Zy A new planet has been disdovered by Pro
fessor Hencke, at Berlin. The planet ha been
named Astrea, after the goddess of Justice.
Omnibi sfs In New York there are over 250
licensed omnibuses, five of these have four horses,
and the remainder two, making the aggregate
number of horses nearly 530.
Cahtal Punishmint Elizabeth Van Valken
burg convicted at th last session of the Fulton
county, New York Circuit, of the murder of her
husband, by administering poison to him, suffer
ed the extreme penalty of the law. The efforts
made to effect a commutation or change of punish
ment in her rase have entirely failed, and sbi was
bung on th94tb instant.
CtrRipondenet of the Snubnry American.
NUMBER V.
Washington, Jan. 9C, 1846.
Congreis. I might ssy, last week, hid theipi
ritof John C. Cslhoun that of "masterly tnac
tiviiy." The contested seat in Congress, be
tween Mr. Cabell and Mr. Brockenbrongh, of
Florida, the former person holding the eeat, took
up a considerable portion of the House's time
this week. The Committee on Elections re
ported a resolution to the effect that Mr. Cabell
was not entitled to a seat. The House alter
some discussion, concurred in the same, and de
clared that Mr. Brockenbrough was the legal
representative.
Joint resolutions were introduced in the Sen
ate, on the iilst ins'., by Mr. Bugby, to omend
the constitution of the United States, prohibi
ting a President or Vice President to serve more
than one term but that term to be extended to
six y ears instead of four. A proviso is also em
bodied in the resolutions, to the effect, that no
member of Congress, during the time for which
he was elected, or for four years thereafter, shall
be eligible to any office under the Government,
and likewise, that no member, for the time of
hi election shall be eligible to an appointment.
Mr. flughy claimed these resolutions as entire
ly his own emanating from no other person but
himself and consulting ni human being as to
their propriety. As to the one term principle,
he has, however, only espoused the doctrine of
President Polk, as set forth in his letter of ac
ceptance, which, if adopted, would, no doubt,
meet with a hearty response from the American
people.
Mr. Allen's resolution, which was laid upon
the table, declaring the principles which will
govern the United States, in case ot the inter
ference of any foreign power with the indepen
dent government ofthe U. States, are consider
ed, by many, as necessary. Great Britain's in
terference in the annexation of Texis to this
Union, seems to call for and justify such a stand.
A resolution wns adopted in the House, which
provides that a select committee shall be appoin
ted to report as to whether any member of the
Isst or the preceding Congress, sold his copy of
f'apt. Fremont's Oregon Report. I have heard
it Mid by persons whose authority is creditable,
that some members whose conscience must be
ofa very elastic order, make a prsctice of dispo
sing of some ofthe documents, voted to them, for
a "consideration." It such it, and has been the
case, it should certainly be remedied. Nothing;
could be more mean and contemptible. How
ever, there cannot be many members who are
possessed of such grovelling propensities.
Judge" Woodward, as I mentioned he would
be in my former letter, has been rejected by
the Senate, by a very large vote, getting but
19 votes out ofthe whole number of Senators,
in conformity with the report of the Judiciary
Committee the resolutions of the Danville bar,
endorsing his qualifications and strong claims,
to the contrary notwithstanding. As I said be
fore, the pill made up of the dregs of his politi
cal sins, could not be swallowed. The Penn
sylvanisn says, "it cannot seo how such an un
exceptionable nomination could be rejected."
It, as well as some other political demagogues
of Pennsylvania, must know, from this rejec
tion, that the Senators of the United States will
conscientiously perform the duty 'hey owe to
their country, let their assmeu dictation be
what it msy. Some other unimportant mntters,
not of much interest to your renders, have tram
pired in Congress the past week.
Last week the metropolis, and 1 see by the
papers, other sections of the country was visited
with a regular snow storm. Here it was about
12 inches, but has now almost vanished again.
While it lasted, good use was made of it, but
not of the poor snimuls thnt huuled many youth
ful specimens of sin and deprsvky, who went it
with "unlimited looseness," through the avenues
of the metropolis. We don't have the genuine
sleighing here that you have in the north. It
scarcely ever lasts long enough to give all a
chance. A horse snd sleigh during this last
snow, brought $' an hour, and was in great de
mand at that price.
The levees ofthe President's House, which
take place alternately every Wednesday even
ing, are attended by all the fashionable ot the
city. The Marine Band, to increase the plea
sure of those present, discoursed most eloquent
music The agreeable deportment and elegant
manners of the lady of the White House, at
these levees, have won for her the esteem o'
all.
Hon. James Buchanan, Secretary of State,
gave a splendid ball on Friday night last. It
as attended by about l.00 persons, and might
justly be called the ball of the season. It is the
wonder of many that the Secretary of State ha,
not long since taken a "better half" from tiie
acknowledged beauty ofthe metropolis.
A "new leaf' has lately been turned in the
text-book of Whiggery. A whig, in the Penn
sylvania legislature took the lead, and has now
been followed up by one of the same party in
the New York Legislature that of coining out
boldiy in favor of Oregon. Tins is a complete
"right about face' upon one of the principle
questions that divided the two parties at the last
election. The N. V. Tribune from its remarks
upon the resolutions, evidently sppioves of this
course. And yourown Pollock, too, of the 13tb
dibtrict, 'wAo it in favor of anything that tht
people are," made a speech, some eight or ten
day since, in which he declared our right un
questionable. It is hard to aay what brouehf
this change of sentiment about, so averse to thi
former opinions of the party, if it was not tbi
stand of the "old mm eloquent," in favor of out.
rights to Oregon at the start Toe oaotirM t