111J-
CSdVEUXOtl'S MCS9AGI3.
Ti the Senate and Houn of Hrprettnlalivrt
UtxTt. The gencnl health orthe peo
the rich reward nf husbandry, the quicken
, in if spirit that pervades trade and induct jr, the
enlarged prosperity (dour country, end ha ad
V ice in moral arid intellectual etlairtiieiite
fliese, under a jnst acnee of out dependence,
e-vell nur grateful acknowledgements, at thia
tune, to Him from whose beneficence they all
proceed. Nothing haa occaned atnee the ad
journment of the liegislettJre, to interrupt the
liarmony or check the energise 01 tmr Cofnmou
Wfjatth. On the contrary, intelligent enter
prise? u been every where crowned wrtfTauc
Ceae, Tue exertion of our people to meet the en
gagement nf the State have thou lar lieen sire
Ci4hI. Tne payment, ty a number of Conn
lie uf the whole amount t their taxes fur
several month liefoso the time at which they
have Ii.re1ufiire been collected, added move tltMii
CfcKKVKW In the effective revenuea of the year;
and the lout Leg-islatnrenaving excluded certain
classes of dpbta from the cUimato be iininedi
iitely provided fuT by the Treasury, we have
been enoblrd to pny'the interest which fell doe i
in ihcrrinded deht within the pact focal year.
tin ihe first cay of riie strewn! neseion, toe-bal
anr r.-maiflinj- in the Treamiry waa aW j
ftfi'i,(KX), which, willi the accruing revTnitea,
will hff npplicalil' to the cleinani!a of Uie fiotof
tiext nmrrth. We hnc thin the rwonalde
nnd gratiring BfMiirance, that I lie Interest will
Ih.-it nino he punctunlly pnid. The p.iblic deLt
of i'enii8ylvaoiH,'on the lot Deo-mber, 1S43, aa
nppcKi from tho rppurlof the Auditor General,
wh aa liillows :
Fomli-d Debt, S3rt.7S9.2iI7 49
KcIirI noiean circnlatron, 1,258,572 00
Interei'l Cernficatea outntanding ,
"' with interert t"hereon, 2,W$,fl03 3R
Due to DymesticOcdito 09,750 43
4015,393 22
Tin iiiterest upon which accord-
in? tn the Auditor General's
coniputalion for 1846, is. $2,023,990 09
The balance in the Treamry on the
1st of Decenrbur, 1S44. wiia $ 863,851 88
The receipts into the emnp, during
the year ending on the 30th No-
veinfuT las, aa appeant in detail
by tl.eteports of lite Auditor io- -
ncral and State Treaaurcr, were 3,010,002 34
Mnktrig n a-rsrecate mm of g'.l, 073,914 22
-The payments rioTU ll-e Trea-tirj',
dilr n the same period, wi re ac
eonliug to the reports of the same
offirer, 13.239,028 13
Which beinj deilnrteil from the
above, eliowi the balance in the
Treaaury, on the 1-t D-c. 1845, S8l,85 09
lleinjf 1pm hy !?.2r8.9G.j 79, than U
wa on tho let DtcemlHr, 1844.
The neit amount of available out
elaiuliog laxeaon renl and jtereo
mil e.oiate, atter mnkinp ilhiwa n
rpa for collection and exoner- ;
lions, on he 1st Dec. 1844, waa
mtimate.l hy ihe lute Stale Trea
surer at $887,301 71. It appeara
however, from a subsequent esti
mate, founded upon more full re
turns, and a more accurate knowl
edge of the extent of exonera
tions, that the amount actually
outHtandin? on that day, wis 1,009,77603
Tlie ne't and available amount out
standing on the lat Dec. 1845,
in estimated at 674 5-14 50
The amount of onlstfindine taxes on
the 1st Di'c., 1S45, is, therefore,
less than it waa mi ihe 1st Dec,
184 1, by the sum of 133,233 53
A Mine to this sum the difference
between the balance in the Trea
sury en ihe 1st Dtc, 1841, end
the lut Dec, 1845, 277,005 79
We ha.? an eggregrale reduction
of the balance in the Treasury
and of outstanding taxes on Ihe
1st day of December, 1845, as
compared with the earne ileius on
ti:e lt of Dec, 18 14, of 411,199 32
From thia statement it is apparent, that the
receipts into the Treasury, during the year, de
rived from taxation on real and personal estate,
and other aources of revenue properly belong
ing to the year, were lea than the demands up
on the Treasury tor (he snrne period, by thu a
mount above staled. And it ia also apparent
Ihat if the Leuiidature had not pottponed Ihe
payment nf the Dmnestic Creditors, and tha in-
ti-ret on the certificates issued fur interest, and
if Ihe cancellation of a portion of the relief
notes, required under ex'sting laws to be can-
ceded, had not been deferred, the whole bah
anco in th Treasury would have been cxhaus
ted on the lt of December List.
For the purpose of c.-nvtnient reference, I
hive appended tn this eommnnxation, a siinui.a
rv statemont (marked A.) of the receipts and
expenditures of (he ptat year, with an estimate,
prepared with much rare and deliberation, for
tbe current year, ending on the 30.h November,
IS10.
According to this, Ihe recetpta of the year from
all sources, including ftI,300.(aK), from taxes
ou real and personal estate, will -
be $3,217,700 00
Which added lo tho balance in
the Treasury, on Ihe lit Dec,
1815, 384.68009
Makes an aggregate of 63,002,66009
Deducting from which the eetima
ted payments durinz the same
period, 83.513 906 09
We arrive at an estimated balance
in the Treasury on the lat De- '
cember, 1840, of lEs88.590 00
Which ia less by $29(1200 09, than it was on
Ihe 1st Deoeuioer, lJ4 .
The amount of ootataod n? taxes on real and
personal estate, enm-idered availahle, on Ihe
1st December, 1845. waa li874,541 50
Tu thia ie to he added the assess
ment for 1816, which, according
to the best estimates, will yield
nett reven ie. after deducting
allowances for expenses of col
lection and exonerations, of SI. 180.00000
Making an aggregate of 2,054,544 50
If from Ibis ablegate we deduct
Ihe estimated collections from
iheae source, during the year,
1818, $1,300.00000
The difference. $751,54450
will be Ihe estimated amount of taxes, which,
on the 1st Deeember. 1846, will remain out
tandinirbeinr$120.(IO(),00 lese lhan waa
outstanding on the lat day of December, 1845.
When to the reductions, thus to take place, in
the outstanding taxes within
(be current year, 120,000,000
J
we add the difference between
I ho balance hi the Treasury, on
the Itt day of December, 1845,
arid the cstimsled balaitec in
the Treasury on the lat of
Dec.,194U. ?s i
; sWihl 296 09
we arrive at an aggregate reduc
tion of these two items, wihin
the fiscal Tear, ending 3J Nov.
1840 of 5110 SCO CO
From thia view of the subject it is apparent,
that the actment of the y.ar 1F43, on rial
and pereonal estate, and the revenue of the
year proper, derivable ftmn nil other sourer,
tn ken together, will he iiiMilucient to moot the
demomls npirti the Treasure. I'urine the same
period, by the rum ot $4 Hi.SlXi W ; mid that
in supplying the deficiency the balance in the
Treamry, on the lft of Vr mber, I?10. will
hnvobeen reduced tn Hb ftMl (It), and tl.r ar
rears nf outstanding tax'-e in the miui ol fi5l.
04 1 .
Ills plain. thereh.re, that onr present
r.n..w.ut .m i .11.,,,'u ii.n i
means nl iueetuir all ibc iti u.iioii
Tieasurv, ixcrpt wln-n aidiil fn m tin
mi I lie j
halaice
which had actiunmliiled hefi.ie the pnvment ol :
interest was resumed, and ly ei.llr ciions froin i
tho arrears jre of Inxes of fl river jeari both
'' which will eonn lie xhau-t.-d.
1 am Constrained to ailil," tlmt all Ihffe ml
culaliona and eliruate, pro siipi-ii-p thai lit-1 ilr
till lu nulla lllll ii liiinit., i;h"tmiii irr iiini up- ii -
mandon the Treasury will roi I... pei,.,l i
T
transcend their ordinaiy I tnit.j. anil tln;t no np
propriations will lie tmide hy the I . i.--l:iliiro lo
new' objects. There are fnl anticipated, be
cause in the present slate of Ihe finHice?, eveiy
new appropriation may well he n pn riled, imt as
a grant of money unincini he red it, the Trea
sury, but rhih' r aa an aha'ractum ol'liimls. f pi ei.
ficnllv a-iprnprinieil aireudv, and rightfully be
lonping lo live public cred iter.
The deficit in our .hp:'u--, in iler xi-.t:nir hiws,
presents for the dd bcr.-it'ons of the (J.-m rnl
Assembly, topic of pirnm mil importance. It
may he remrmbered tlnii, in the iiienth of Jan
uary last, 1 expressed the opiemn, mi in I''xh
CUtiTe nie-iesge, that our fn.ni res had m.t then
reached a condition to enable us. pennanemly,
and at mice, lo reFume pi y men I of iho fn I tat -leret.1
on our public debt. ! regret Hist fiib-e
queiit examinations nnd refh'Ction. have not
permitted rue In believe Hint I im llien in p rrnr.
Dul the'I'fislntive aciiotion lie (pieMirn. Iim
changed the entire apeet ol our duties, and ren
dered it oelcse to revprl tn loriiier views nf
policy. The payment of in ref-t on the funded
debt o; the t o.nmnnTHllli, in laet, re.
runted on the firat of Felirnary. lki4.'.
act, the Slate asserted her presenl
l;V that 1
ability in '
meet her encrajjemenls: and it must be our care
that the pledge, Ihu renewed, he not aesin vi-olali-d.
The credit, fidelity and honor ol I'eno
aylvanis, all I'emand. tbst, lienrefer-anl. ibe
interest on her public dull aliull In" punctually
and fully paid.
Uerelolire, we roichl have plenil. il ihe mv x
peeled failure of the Depository Bank nf the
State, a few days be ore ihe inierei-i was pay
able, and when the moneys appropriated to its
dischar-fe were rccuiiiohited in her vaults.
the sudden destruction in value of nearly the
ent're currency in general u the jri stmt ion
nf individual credit, and the d"ep i.nd universal
pecuniary cmbarraeemeiM of ihe penile. Put
now, all are prospering.vttie. rnrrency is re
stored t' grxnl decree of a-Hiodiens our rev
enue sya'ein, ihnueh still imperteei. has greatly
increased in effectiveness anil eerlsmtv enter-
prize ia renewed, and the people, happy in their
institutions, and confident in themselves, link
to the appropriate action of the !.eHi-..iHiro to
make provision to aatwfy the pnhlic wants.
The prevent period is, in truth, the crieit of
our affaire. I rmnut and i tb i tve mrasures
now, to nuke a misIeraU) addition lo i ir reo-
cue, will rcitoro tu IVnne) lvama, for all future
time, thst proud position
1mm which i-lie ms
temporarily been made to etnnp, by a course of
policy that never met li e approval nf fn r p o-
ple. lint tha addition inm-i be nuxle at once.
Unless the estimates thai have hi en prrcenti d,
shall prove escenlially eminent., iNe In, In ore
in the Treasury, on the firt ol Iiecember. lMil,
wiU not exi e d one hundred lixutKr.iHl dollars.
It is, Orcrefbrc, obvious, that, if the receipts at
llie Treasury, hirinjr the moiiibsnf Decemlier,
1810, and Janeary, 1S4,, do out treillv exceed
the receipts ol the ci.rrcspondii.ir montheofany
precccding year, wm ii Ihe ainotinl of outrtand
ing taxes was greater than it will ho then, a
'Jtficit must occur in the menns ot the I reasury
tn pay the interest, which will become doe on
the 1st nf February, 1M7. Iho necessity ol
the ailop'ion nl immediate and efficient mea
sures, tu guard aatuel a risuii which would be
s.i fatal lo the renewed luilli twid honor of the
State, cannot be ton strongly enforced upon the
attention of the liegislitore.
Intimately count clod witi the solijeet of our
finances, i that of tho U'liikiug ty.-Jem of the
State. The cvila that have resulted from llie
manner in which it has lieen adminislereit, and
some of those more ecseolielly romieeied with
Hs organisation and teixfencies, Lav becnltll
by all. lit, it may well lie doubled, whether
the whole ol the inii-clnefs w hich it l.aa iiirti-
gated, have been traced hack to their fruitful
nd pernicious cbom. Nnt only has il elimn
lated individuals lo ruin, hut Slates have been
led by its seductive and corruption influences,
into a course of wild extravagance, aud conse
queut bankruptcy. I'oblic deb's have been con
tracted, even the interest i f w hich couM scarce
ly be met, by the uiiwl oiieuius ti.xulion ; while,
in other cas- a, the faith nt the "nvernnn lit,
which (iiinlit always to be lo Id sacred, hut been
violated in t.ino of profound pence.
The hiftory of IVonsvlvania, tince the be.
ginning nt the year 1S30, is a painful illimtra
tion o! thia truth.' In l)i cemle r, 1S,"15, when
Governor Wolf retired from eliiee. two inoiiihs
before the incorporation of I be ILinkof ihe L'ni
led Slates, Ibe Stale debt ol J'i no-) Ivmiia waa
24;5efl.743.a2. It ia now, exclo-ive of the
amount recieved aa a demsile limn Ihe general
government, IfiUI.UtrO.oO:), 22, making an in
crease ol the Slate debt, in leu years, ol f;HI,.
HCG.C-IOOO, nolwilhstandioif the receipt, m lie-
mean 1111.1)32.807 51178 of amnios revenue
Irom Ihe United Slates, and 83,4 40,780 21 aa
preoiiuuis for B.ink Charier.
In contemplating thia abirtling fact, wo nat
urally limk round for the no rilnr one objects of
Stale policy, for which this vatt aggregate of
twenty-two and three quarter millions of dol la i a
has been expended.
We find none of any magnitude. The main
line nf Canal and Railway, between Philadel
phia and Pittsburg, has been completed, and
was in successful operation. The Delaware di
vision, the Surquehanna and North Branch di
visions, lo Ihe mouth ot ihe I,aekawauna, the
Wetl Branch diviaion toQueena Run, Ihe Bee
rer division to New Caatle, tho Franklin line,
and the French Cieek Feeder, were all substan
tially finished when Governor Wolf left the Fx
eculive Chair; and the auui of $344,61909,
waa all that remained lo be paid for completing
thenv
The State had reached, a point in hrr im
provement eyrtem, at which ahu duld have au
ponded operation without lot. The scheme of
direct luxation, to pay the interest, on tho State
loan, which had beeu introduced under Govern
or Woll'e administration, was admonishing the
people of the Inconvenience of a public debt.
Every thing indicated that the further progress
nf our State improvement wea to bo deftrred,
till time hud tested the productiveness of the A
tiu-hed work and the increae.ing develupmcnt
of our resource had invited and jiuhficd their
further extension. .
It waaal this time, that the act of lBtti Feh
ruarv. lr'Stl. a rmrm-cl, entitled 'an ai t to re-
j peal Hip Kiate tax on fe and perwtnal proper
ty, and in rontiiitie anil i X'i im uh1 ttnpmvi v
inpiitji of the Sintp hy I!il Il'iiii!! and Gum If.
nil lo pi. niter n Stale l'.niik, to . he callnl the
ITnitiil Slate Rink.'. The firi-t seel ion ol this
I at rescinded the avslfin nf luxes l'i h had
been drviseil for ihe protiTl ini ol the pi!i.ie ere-1
ttnwinl". -V oii.er sections im.rn
ii, re tun mil ions ;
ol noll.ira to lie received irom tlie
rPCeiveu Ironi ilia IHina, were I
, ..-... ...i. . I.v lliu nln.nnill llin . .1 Hill. ;
. . .
It" lM n 11 u ' " f'" '
P:,,,y " "n coiiuiienreioeiit of lew j
ones, onoer iliri rt tlinrce ol til" rsinie. i ph- i eoio) iiii-i "ii '"-jmn
i.h'e ll.c V.t r;nioiiealtli li CoiiMimnte this wild j 'he thr e gre.it Hi in nU of iu.livi.loiil niJ tut-
xtenioiin impr viii.enls.ViX millions of dol- j tiiil vtenlth, agriculture, i-oiiuiu rci', ami niin
lr w. re promised as a perumie lit liMin In the I iif.n-iiin r and the puwuits nod industry of I . r
N ate, atnu iniirriofli.iiricreenl, nndoiherl people, urn pn-fiianly divided anioni? tliem.
hinnsal the mine rite wcie to lie made wtnn.
- ... I
quired, to the n..,.nl V one in.ll.on of doll . j
II.. If I .1 . ! I .1.1. t- ! &...I
aniiiiitiy. iiuier nip impulse hi imih i, nim j
f the influenc- s which i lfecti'd it pa-enp.
j new wries ol improvements were heiH.n nt once.
ia l or wn matter llie expenniiure in mnnv inn (
linlis, now fnrmiiiiT purl ef Iheiiitblie ! b'. and j
the cain-p ol inereaied InxiImiu, have been aVili
J doned hy .the Stale, aid have pasyeil, inrst nf
! thein, into the IihiiiIs nT eompnnii'e, which have i
! paid no coiii-ii'eration for'1h( in. j
j It even seems. Ihat the State has nut limited j
i itr griitiiities In the Works liu. conunei ceil. j
' Tlie l, a vi r d. virion, aud the Wyoiuii,; line on
' the North UraiK'h, emhraciutr lortv-three jiulcs j
I nf (.'mitt in actual i:se, and Ihe Freerh ("reek
Feeder, cutting iselher, ?1 222 C27 fc'l. and
all ot'llieiiiiAix in 1S.T, have U en eiven
away to companies, and Irave the Sinto with a I
lets xtciide d M'stem of improvement nnw, !
I. lilted Mates
.. hJ i..,,.... .i f
Tlte progress or these works was Marked hy i favorably a lap'rd to the growingof ww.l, anoth
ihe ili rlmiiig creuii of the State, until, alt. r the , tnat s'ap'e ofnat onal i..d' pend.iice; i.nd the
lllot desperate reeorte, ibesiileofa luilber sos-
persinu In the banks in 1840, and a loan in 1K41
Ly the Slate In hvrsell', hv llie I'evice ol t-suiiij-
re I el note.' the prnelmnied binkroplcy of llie
("in uion'Ai allli loicibly arrertid tlmn.
j llul In: vil did net stop In re. When the
' workn were ah.mlniifil, the Stute waa largely
iiiileh id (u the contractors, w hose claims were
! rt'ganlid ns ol prmimy ohliHiiou. To la'irty
tin hi, a law wue p-issed reqnirini! ihe t-alo of the
Caiik Atock, and til lit r i-tucks whu h were own
; 1 1. In the Suite. Theee etis ke. which had coat
the Treaniry nearly $1200 (10, wore, at a unn-l
, unpropiiiniis inniiu-iit; tucr.riced lor fraction
! more thai, tsl.4t.lo
j llowi er painful these tecolh rtions of pecu
i iiiniy liw-s may be, time were attemlniit circuni
! tils i, ci a of grivef and more iiiomeiilous concern
I lo the f iitr o. A neweleiiu nl of pnWer foui l
Is way into our eleclionit The elective !r.m
; c-hisc was violated and abu.sei! the ilechira-
linos of ibe public will were diregarlcd and
! di fii d, end the very extence of our free in
j stitul'ons waauianaeled with revnlni m and d--1
titroction. I allude to the nii'inoraldi! crisis of
1 tcI!H. when a ilirirlkltei.ini was niHile. I v Ihe
J eadeisofa minoritv, to nmrp ihe jioveruiii.-iit.
j ai d to Mibtiitiiie their d elation for the voice of
j the majority of Ihe people.
J bere sccnea had tneir uri-'in, Iw yoiiil itimiii,
in a tpiiit ol reckle.-s confidence in the power
J and coirtipting infitucc ol'iiione) t.icoi.trul the
; Mate
Ap.rt from these pol:tjcal con-ider:iiions, the
ii fluet ce ofa vitiated paper syrtem upm(li(! ge
1 1 nl ai d i-rdiiiury inleierts of life, is pain'ul
and pernicious. nthrri, llirre hasvrtiully
bteuuoihing in theiiriMiiiization of Kmka to !
mit.lre ixieut and d fine ihe cbamcti r of their
action, but tin di-crelion of thu direcdr. A
lew ii.dividiule, coiitiluting Ihe efTieieut por
tion of the Boards ol n.anacemeut, are, -in l.ict.
the i!epiiories ofthis discretion ; and sen ge
neral tule, suhj-cl no i'our.1 In many honorable
xceptj. in, ii in exereii-rd with pnmuiy, if not
conclto-ive referi.ncu to the tiuppotstd iutcrctts
of the B.ink
While the business nf the country p'a-pers,
ur.d ll.e tpnif ot speciiliiling i nte-pr re is elinui
'a ed hy succtv.. ihey extend their aceomtnoda
Uui 1 berally. and fill the channels of circulj
l mil -a 1 1 1 1 a reilondunt and a depraved currency.
An unnatural rise ol prices is Ihe enmrquenre.
ttiiKirtuiions increase in defiance of any diecri
inmatiti'' tariff extruvaeancea iovudea all ihe
I ilepartmcnts of society indefinite credit invites
I m a tbrdUiva extenroil ot indebtedness, till, at
j lusi, Ihe laws nf trade, unchanging a tlioso ot
naure. produce react inn, and the whole arlifi-
j cial inachmriy is crushed. Ihe people or the
c-ouiv,lr are mdi-biid lo llie citn; tlie cities
aie inde bted abroad, .where the pr'mies of the
i banks ore ciillii' upon In redeem their notea in
com. tins tney can nit ty no uy u rawing in
their means, r fninj new accominortt.ons, and
pressing their debtors for payment. The circu
l.itinn of the country is suddenly contracted,
property is sacrificed, in many instances wi h
out rrlieving the deb'or ; and hia energies are
piiralized y lmpetis inn Ivetiey.
Si. eli, wilhiu llie recent mem-try of all ol us,
has bren the action ofa vniatnl bonkinc rya
tciu i-n llie ii lh of tlio State, the ttibilityot
her inttitui ions, and the fr e fiier;ies of her
,i"ep!e. It has taught us a grievous le.-ison nf
iifleriny ; hut it will not liavo been altogtther
uepn duC'ive of gasl, if il has impressed on
us Ibe m.I. 'inn and imperative duty of guard
in2 acain-t a recurrence of similircvi!.
The abuses of the hanking system are found j
in many fnrma i but they are i-sM'iitiiilly the
tame in their origin si.d result ; excessive is-u-a
of paper, and its consequent depreciation.
To give Ibe power of manu'acturing money,
yet i fl. dually In limit itH exercise by logndit
tion, is practically iinpu-vible. ll is nnviniis,
thai no enactment can abtolute'y prevent the
unlawful iariie of paper by a bank, whioh has
ilo- lawful riuhr In isue any. Returna of bank
etTtcers, howi ver exactly prescribed, or honest
ly made, give nn security (or the periods that
flips between them ; and inspect iona of the
aflaira of the Banks by commiaiioner, which
have been resorted 1m in other States, are apt to
induce a dangerous reliance on the vigilance of
imeh officer.
It may be, that the principle of individual li
ability tor corporate engagements, which haa
recently been iuvested in some nf our charter,
may, when properly extended and made more
directly operative, secure nnt only the creditor
from loss, but Ihe currency from dangerons fluc
tuations. The experiment should be fairly
made in the eat of ever Bank that may ek a
renewal of it charier, f bat it progress: nay
W-M-J-L-ULII-t. A3
be the better teatod, 1 respectfully recommend
that the f 'ika be required to make month
ly returna of their condition, to the Audi
tor General ; and that Iheae be ao arranged, aa
to preaent t more complete ind exact view of
their tranaactiona, than ia lurniabed under the
ex eting law. Thia will facilitate tho future
inuuirieiof the legislature and the periodical
publication ot the teturna, will aecure to audi
of the bankx, aa aro lepitiitittely administered,
the regard of their lailhrulneae; in the increased
cnifiilt'iice of the public I need ecarcrly add,
that the clairna of the banka to general coiifl
di-r.ce rhonhl be IhorouBhly iiivcHtufMted, and
lully aci'rtniucd, betore their charter are i'X
tcoilrd. ,,, , :1 '
' Tliene reeoinnieiidatinna Imve apecial rfr
ri'.re toiipplirNlintia I'roin ixIiiij; Imiiha. Id
')' jinliiit'iit the enpitl oo.v inverted in theae
iiiblituiiuiia in amply o'lrqiiutp. to the biMinriw
wai,t of the coininuni'y. The tiiucs do no!
ii.d c.te the present necessity of any additional
siiiihi;iii lo iue pirn oi eiii- ipr'ze, anil l eanuor
unow nijsvii m niiu, ujr nuy mi in uniir, n
I- ..I ' ..I .1... . ....... ...I... I. .
IHIHIIIIM rflllWHI III lilt? I'll L'lUt. 1Vllir.ll Mi!
- " , .'
have wit iiemed en recently.
ui r nil is unu uiouiiiaini' arp iiiuiosi ev-rj -wuer-
.... , .-. i !
h'l. .1 v ,.h in-xhauMih e supplu.'s ol in... o.e ,
mil .iilllflllil ,fl. I IIP- kl Bll lilt ll U'lll.
, ..... ; .............. .
water imuer for propeiinii.' mncliiiierv, in tin
i midst of Ihe finest agricultural regions. Silo
j lias cunxtriicted, at nre.itc.rMl, linituf improve
1 met : hy eanu's a:id r nlaty-", connecting tlie
I waters ol'lhe Atlantic with those of the ureal
j West ; which not only affords our own citiz 'n
'acheiipand covenieut uiodo nf Irnnsmirtin
' tiieir priKluclb to market, but also benefits 1 1 1
J internal liuile and conunerce of a large portion
( of Ihe other Stales of ihe Union.
The Nmtli and Wert Branch Canil, and the
i Delaware Division, in connexion with varioin
improvemeiits owned by ciimpinios. iHisiiles
npeiiing inirkctsto thu productions ol the fir
mer, tnrni.-li nut-lets li r our Coal and oilier min
irals, hy which net only our own ritrr.'-iiB are
sopplieil. hut alru those of the nriylmring and
r,storn Slates, in th) trreat adviuinirn nf both.
Many tiart ot the State are alio f.iiind iiionI
Micrceefol nni lx.ilii n of mineral ciniI to the
Miielting of irnn, hue fiven a new impetus, a
Hiring ii-i, to this niort important of nil the
branches of manufactures.
It is not surprising, therefore, that onr people
feel a deep anxiety in regard to the adoption or
Ibe change of any policy, en the part of the fede
ral sovcrnment, which maybe aupposed to affect
such ereat interests. The refutation of a tariff
oh imports, to as tofuvorthe development of our
domestic lesources, and give satisfaction lo Ihe
various pnrts of the fnion, has long been a vi-xd
and exciting question. Its influences for good or
evil have no doubt been creatly exai-iated in
different sections of Ihe country. The true poli
cy of the nation would sem to lie between the
extremes of those, w ho claim high duties for the
mere purpose of prnteittne particular Interests,
and those w ho would nnt discriminate at all. in
laying revenue duties, for the purpose of favoring
the productions and industry of onr own country.
Any course of policy which would have the
effect to check Ihe intelligence and honest enter
prise of our citizens, and to letard the develop
ment of nur national resourcea, can never receive
Ihe sanction or acquiescence of Ihe people of this
confedeiacy. It is readily conceded, that no
more moneys ousht to be collected from imports
than are necessary to meet the constitutional re
quirement of the government, economically
administered. T5it, on the other hand, it i main
tained with entire confidence, that in layini du
ties for this purnos, such discriminations lor
protection as well as revenue ought tn be made,
as will favor our own productions and industry,
particularly in reference to article which are of
primal y national importance, and indispensable
! in lime of war.
j This policy was expressly avowed in Ihe first
j revenue law for levying duties upon iniMrts. pas
j sed after Ihe adoption nf the federal constitution,
(and has been recognized and adhered to hy the
federal f overninent. and sanctioned by the peo
ple nf the States, from that day to the present,
unless, indeed, Ihe compromise act of 1833 be
considered an exception, aud it will be adhered
to so lonf as we have a due reeard to our indivi
dual and national prosperity and indepi n 'ence.
A tariff of discriininatiiiK duties based on ihf
principle indicated, and so adjusted as to secure
permanenre in its provisions, sustained in its
proteetive effects by the operations ofa constitu
tional treasury, in regulating the isKue of onr
hanks, and rherkins excessive importations of
merchandize, will, il ia believed, give more sta
bility to th general interests and business of the
country, lhan any other system of policy within
the centrol of the federal government.
The Governor heie adverts to the Report of
the Canal Commissioners, a,nd our public works,
which are yearly increasing in value. It appears
that 66,231 tons of Iron, in various forms, pas
sed over the canals and rati road. About 3,000,.
000 of Ions of anthracite coal Lave been mined
and curried to market. Not lesa than 13,1100,000
bushels of bitumiuoua coal was consumed at
Pittsburg, and 0,000,000 taken from thence down
the Ohio.
I advert, with great satisfaction, to the grow
in; confidence of the people in the success and
management of our Stats improvements, which
has been secured by the vigilance and economy
of tha Canal Commissioners.
The importance of these work, a a contribu
tion tn lha national defence, and their value to
Ihe citizens of other States, as well as nur own,
cannot be loo hichly appreciated. They are now
yielding a considerable portion of Ihe revenue lo
meet Ihe claims upon the Treasury. The secu
rity of the public creditor, and the faith and ho
nor of the Mate, ar must intimately connected
with their success and productiveness. They
therefore, demand the special care and vigilance
of the Legislature, by which the income they are
now yielding, may bs secured and advanced with
th increasing business of the country.
In this connection, there are few object of na
tional concern in which Pennsylvania ha a dee
per inteiest, lhan in tba appropriation for remo
ving lh obstruction to th navigation of tha O
hio river, lo the city of Pittsburg, which is a
port of commercial entry. Tbe claim upon
Congress, to expedite tbe completion of, thi
work, long since commenced, a one of national
interest, derive great force from Ibe communica
tion it woold facilitate between th Western and
South Western btatea, on tbe one band, and Iho
of the Atlantic on the other, by meani of our pub
lic improvement!. .
Th legislative enactment of Ihe last few
year, bav introduced numerous improvements,
in Ihe system of levying and collecting the reve
nue of the State, and having guarded their ex
penditure with more ear than formerly. 1 have
every reason to believe, that these law are strict
ly and honestly administered by th aceountaat
and Treaaury Department, and Ihat th influ
ence of their authority and example, ba had a
salutary effect unoa all th public agent. Much,
UM
however, remains lo b dona to perfect our sys
tem of taxation. Complaints are made, that ae
vtrel of tht taxes now levied are rendered unpro
ductive, aa wall aa oppraaaive, by imperftctiona
in their atiesimcius. Perionai eitatca that
should bear a ahare of lha public burthana, a
acapa altogethir, by tha interposition of a trust,
between the oitentible and the beneficial owners.
The proparty of many corporation! it exempted
from taxation ny special laws, while thai ni o
thera of the tarn a classes, and equally meritori
ous, remains bound. Securities tor the payment
nf money, are by lha words of the law, made tax
able, which arc, in fact, the mere evidence of
pasting transactions, and can, in no degree, be
regarded as even temporary investments of the
property of tho in whoie hands they are found. )
The simple exhibit, by the citit ?n, of hit proft-t. !
Hional estate, madi without any other taw-tinn, '
is substituted, cnrally for a lets equivocal j
mods of ascertaininr its amount nnd character. I
It should not be forcoiten, Ihat the tax which one
citizen eluJas, or is legally relieved from, is dis- j
tributed among the rest, and forms an addition to :
their burthpiis. Jutice ! ths fat-payers reqni
res that thiahonll not he sum-rod. The whole j
kiibji'i-t, however, is one p.-tiiliai ly within onr j
pruVIIICC, ailtl I I'UllllliL-lIU ll lu tuui 'iwni'i Bin
: serious oniinli'lutiiin. '
j Tho Gov. then refers ta the Adjutant G.injr
al s Ki'tiort. mi. I Hi .Militia JiiVin. runt nnvs n
I merited condiment t our volunterrs, a, a wall
1 1 1
diciplined hiidy of soldiers.
Tlf ini Hlen1ble henefils of our system of ,
: nnimnn .cihkm ins' ruti ion, are pxieninii" ineni
I selves throughout th" whole ('ommnnwejlth
j strengthening, improvin-r, and elevstine mind, !
I ami prepni inj the enration which is lo succeed
us, lor usefulness and put apprthensiont or duty. .
In contiti v districts, where I he population is fleet- i
tered, and a large portion of th'i children find ac- '
tive. einploym -nt lor m-ar half Ihe year, the sys- '
tern cannot varh all tli ends that are arrorn- '
plish'd in cities and towns. Rut the tipnal and
extensive nHvuutiifiei resulting from it, through- ;
out Ihe State, as iJiottn in th" compreh"nsivi re-
port ol" tie.' Superintendent of f'nnimon SrhooU. '
eivp nsurance, that I'ermsy Ivania has laid the
broad and d-en foiindatinii for the nern tuity of !
her institutions, by seenrint a sniiinl, intellcctu- ;
al and moral -.location, for all her children. !
The Gov. then refers to his visit to lh Schools 1
in Philadelphia ; and also rernmm-nds a rule ri
ving the Itxecntive time to deliberate on bills
presented to him at the close of the session. He
then cnncl.id -s with a tributj to the memory of
General Jackson.
FRANCIS R. SlR'NK.
F.xrr i tivk Cn mrks. (
IlarrUbuig, Jaiiua.y 7th, IS 1(3.
THE AMERICAN.
Saturday, January 10, '.816.
Cy Thk (ivrxNoR'a Mkssaor. -We lay be
fore our readers, this week, the (governor' Mes
sage, with the exception of a few paiagrapha,
which we have condensed for want of room. Its
brevity is a great recommendation, and we trust
the Governor' example, in this particular, will
not be Inst on his successor. The Message con-
lain a .plain and sensible abstract of the affairs
of the Commonwealth. Though brief, it is suffi
ciently expl et in all t deta Is, and w.ll. in ,ts
rccouiaicnd.it ons, meet w.lb general approba
tion. KX The Governor Message this week neces
sarily crowds out much other matter.
fXj See first page for a number of interesting
articles On our last page, a MilUrite Miracle.
C7" We are uiiiL-robligationa to Sec'y fluch
auan, Vice President Dallas, Hon. Simon Came
ron, of the S -iuite, un l the Hon. James Pollock,
for valuable public documents, lot which they
will accept our thanks.
fj Washimhox T.kttkr. Our reader will
find in thi w'eek's pap-r, another interesting let
ter from our correspondent at Washington. The
news from the seat of Government is now eager
ly looked for, and as our correspondent Has the j
mean of acquiring the most early ami authentic
information, his statement may be relied on. j
K7" The soft weather has nearly destrayed the j
sleighing. Utiles we soon have another edition '
of freezing weather, we fear that we shall have
a break up in the river. .
Cy UKioi Timfs John M. Eaum has reti
red from this papal, which i now under the edi
torial control of John It F.ck, under whoe care
it makea a handsome appearance. We wish both
gentlemen success in their undertaking.
rv Vniinii PaouATf n. John W,
Forney,
Esq.. late ofthe Lancaster Intellig-ncer, ha. been jfr"n Ihe injury ol any suppose ui.crep.nc, ...
appointed Aid de-caoip to the Governor, with the I 'ew.
rank of Lieut. Colonel. We congratulate friend j " rejoiced when he heard from the Pre.
Forney upon hi promotion in the military line, j negotiation had terminated, and that
W. sre willing to wait our turn, but will men- j the question was to be left to the people of tha
tion in time, that we expect ear next Governor j United States and their representative. ll
lo favor us with an appointment in hia staff, with ' believed that England would be rejoiced ir this
Ihe highest rank possible In "thee piping times j question would be fettled by a diviaion of Ore
of peace," editor do more fighting than any other j gon on tho term proposed." But Oregon ia
specie of paper heroes. jour. We have proclaimed to Ihe whole world
E7 nazal ot Hor;s Our friends of the Ever
j lasting ?tateof Williamsport. produce not only
great men, but great gruuter also, as appear
by tbe following from tbe Lycoming Gazette.
No people can long remain in darkness, when
Great in it most flourishing (tale is to near, to
afford them light.
'Our friend and fellow eitieen, Hipbi'R
McCit'Bf, Kq., (sowe are inlormod.) butchered
a brace of hogs last week, which togolher
weighed twelve bundrid and rimcc rovsioa !
Clever pig these, a nd the heav iest ofthe season,
unless we except tha one killed a few weeks
since by Mr. & Caldwell, also of the "Everlast
ing Stale," which weighed, we believe, Kietrr
BUKDBED axo IHIRTV-riVal
Tn ruin Vaia rosy new be seen in clear
weather at mid-day, about three honra behind
tbe aun, and a few degree north of th sun'
path. Th intensity of il light will continue te
increase till tha 30th ef January, which ia the
time of its grtatcat brilliancy.
CjT" Casai. CoMMiasioaxR.-The Harritburg Un
ion (ontainta communication recommending Col.
H. C. Eytr, aa a candidate for Canal Comir.iaion
er. Cot. Eyer was a prominent candidate before
the last convention, but withdrew, for. the pur
pose of promoting the harmony of the party. E'.
Y. Bright, Esq., of this county, has also been rtv
cominendod. Either of these gentlemen would
makes good officer.'.'
C7Coax Cooa.The Halifax Herald thua
speaks of the virtue of corn cobs as food for cat
tle during tha winter.' It is a subject of great
importance at present, wh.fn Oed is scares and
high, and well urni its the attention of our farm
eis and others ; "
"A pn r woman, in Reading, whose depen
dem-e lor herst IV and several small children,
wa iipmi her cow, the keeping of which was
a heavy item. Iljvini- noticed a large qiuntj.
ty of corn cobs that had been thyovii away, fa
practice w hn:li uiiny would bo wise farmers are
utli'lir ntA (tiiu luinp u.-.ni.. .1 : :J . .
guilty of) t,i p,at wi;mnn ftkf.d ponnifiaion tit
. tike tome ol the cob-, which she pounded and
i kill,-! mu fed lo her cow. She again went for
iie.ire cobs, a Tjimer nhsei VeiJ the use ehe mada
1 of them, bmkc iheiii lor In r in I.U brirk mill. In
'Pr,"8 '"""7 7''" Xn hmv
lh t'tiin ilt at f.ikV hurl In ..! lnitti ak.
w Pn, , , .., ,, (o w wir(,,iH(,t ;nMr
0f getting h r bnlo hu found the Cow klick,
i ilE 1 . 1 k
onn in nun oruer, aim was aasurej tli it her only
leeii iiuniifr io w. liter hid b,-en lulled Cobs,
and she had produced m ,p milk and btiller,
limn other cow fed in Hit usual way."
ty The Correspondent of the Phila. LeJgcr,
sp-nkins nf the policy of Mr. Calhoun, says :
The Wh's may ultimately demand that the tar
iff of 'lj shall not he disturbed, as a condition of
their support to the policy of the great southern
ttutesman The interest ol the Tariff States
mijilit lead tlii-m to denrj, that th question
t,m,. rmj,iii in an ,m.,.itt,l ,intn tl,n.,nn it i.
, . , . .
",,,",P' Pi ' much, to suppose that
""J co"M bo i,,n" "cc,, bX " ''' ire ,0 1"""
the tariff to advocate measures calculated to cre-
i ate a iiecettlty for revenue. The Oregon quss
' lion, in itself, has such unquestionable merits,
; that it mii'tit fairly lu supposed to influence their
! action, irrespective of any other consideration.
I The d-'cision in the House yesterday and to
1 day. I think conclusively shows that the crisis
is not passed. The remarks of Messrs. Adams,
Ingersoll, Ilarralson, Iairah, Kin?, Douglass,
Owen and rakr. will satisfy those who keep
i themselves "posted up'' on this Oregon question,
that the movem-nt of Mr. Calhoun, however
j statesmanlike and patriotic his policy, may not
result in the compromise so ardently desired.
The remarks of Mr. Charles J. Ingersoll. chair
j man of the Committee on Foreign Relations,
! clearly justify the inference that this committee,
1 which it is understood will soon report on the
subj -ct, will recommend the giving of the notice
to England, necessary under Ihe treaty, to ter
minate the joint occupation.
The remarks of Mr. Preston King, of New
York, are equally important, as indicating the
feelings of that great State on this important
question. It is well known that Mr. King in the
House, and Mr. Dix in Ihe Senate, represent Ihe
peculiar views of the majority of the democratic
paily in New York. Mr King read, at the com
mencement of hi speech to-day an extract fiom
the London Times, pi dieting th probable course
of Mr. Calhoun on the question, in the event of
his return to th Senate of the United State. The
prediction, in substance, was, that Mr. Calhoun
would pursue the course which he actually had
pursued on this question ; and Mr. King asked,
very significantly, how it happened that the views
of the South Carolina Senator should thus be
known in advance hy the London editor ? " He
referred them to a remark of Mr. Douglass, made
yesterday, ihat a game was playing in this House
to prevent speedy action on the Oregon question,
and expressed his regret that Mr. Douglass' bill,
of which he was in favor had not been postponed
it was ihe proper way to act at once on tba
bill for giving the notice. The firitish eovern
ment, he said, whatever we may think of it, ia a
sagacious one and they eem to rely with per
fect ecurity upon the word of the United State
Senate. It was an extraordinary fact that the or.
! gan of the British government should foreshadow
j the ground of an American Senator, and claim a
! pledge on this'suhject. From whom could thia
j have been communicated T fiut they do not nn
, derstand the state of the question if they suppose
J that President Polk ia playing a game in thia
i matt.-r, and endeavoring lo humbug Ihe people.
! It ia not so. The President felt poa'ti'e that the
i offer would ba rejected by the British govern
1 ment, or it would nt have been made. It was
rejected, and thua Ihe administration is aved
' i . .. i,- :
that Cirest Uritain haa no right to interfere on
thia Continent, even with other governments,
and shall ahe be p-rmittcd to deprive us of
what is deary ourown territory 1 Thi que,
tion, he was glad to say, was out of the handt
of diplomacy. Iy diplomacy, our righ'a had
more lhan ouce before been surrendered to Great
Dritain.
Oreal Britain did not desire a territory which
ah had declared to be a barren waste, valuable
for its timber only but deeirea a road over
which ahe may send her powder, her balls, aud
her scalping knives, to her northern allies, in
the long northern winters, which ahut op tha)
mouth ol tbe St Lawrence I Thia ahe hoped
to accomplish by her diplomacy, lie hoped that
all the members ofthis house, who felt an inter
et in the question, would coma up manfully and
take a part in the discussion, and ba careful lo
tee that there ie do cheating In the gam in any
quarter whatever.
' -...'''