I
TERMS OF T1TE AlWEniCAW
IT. fl. MA89ER,
JOSEPH EI8ELY.
" FoStlSHiS
S PaoraiaToas.
If. J?. JtJ$SEHf SMttr.
Office in CtntrttlleyTirTtfie rear of H. B. Mat
' eer't Store.
THE AMERICAN" isubh'Aed every Satur
day at TWO DOLLARS per annum to be
paid half yearly in advance. No paper discontin
wed till Ait arrearage are paid.
NoiuWriptioni received for a leat period than
eir norths. All coromunicationa or letters on
business relating to the office, to ineure attention,
HioatbaPOST PAID, i
3. Be lIASSEn, '
'ATTORNEY AT LAW,
SUITBtrKT, pa.
. Buaineaa attended to in the Counties of Nor
thumberland, Union. Lvcoming and Columbia,
litter to I
P. St A. Rovswut,
T.nwia it Hi Runic.
Somkrs A S-oDoaass,
RernoiDa, McFabiasd & Co.
tSriBiite, Ooou & Co.,
ALEXANDER L. I1ICKEY..
TRUNK MAKER.
1 No. ISO Cliesnut Street,
. PHILADELPHIA.
WHERE all kindi of leather trunk, valise and
carpetbags,- f every atyle and pattern are
rnanefrctured, in the but manner and from the best
materiel, and sold at the lowest nte.
PbnirUtpMa. iuly 1840. ly.
R c m o va-1 .
DIL JOHN V. PEAL.'
M RESPECTFULLY informs he c
tizena of Soul ury end it wciniiy, thil
he ha removed to the lMik House, in
Matkct atwel, frnn-ily tKfupied by
Benjamin Hendricks, eirttf the store fi.rmer'y oc
cupied by Millet & Marti, and now bv Ira T. Ult
ment, where he will be happy to receive cslj in
the line of hi profession.
Sunhury. March 29th 185.
lTEVT' Ci.r.PZTXITGS.
THE subscribers hwe received, aud are nov
opening a splendid assortment of tbe follow iug
cxul
Hsxony, Wilton arid Velvet Carpetinga
Drussels and Imprriiil 3 ply da
F.xtr superfine anil fine Ingrains do
Kngliiih hd -d &. Damask Venetian do
American twilled anil fia'd do
CAR
PET. ING.
Engluh lrupaeit anil Woulru Fluor Cloths '
Utair and Pnaie Rocking
Embossed Piano and Table Cover
London Cheuille and Tufte I Ruga
Door Malta of eveiy description.
ALSO
A large end extensive eesortment of Floor Oil
Cloh, trom one U eiRln yard wide, cut to fit eve
ry description of rooms or planes.
Also, low priced Ingrsin Csipetings from 31 J to
65 J cents per yard, together with a Urge sndexten
aive assortment of gooda Usually kept by carpel
merchants.
The above pood will.be vmld wro1e!e or retail
at the lowest market prices. ' Country merchant
end others are particularly invited to mil ami exa
mine our etnek before rnakine their selections.
CLARKSON, RICH & MULLIGAN,
Sucees.ors to Joseph Rtackwond, No. 1 1 1 Chesnut,
corner of Frn!ilin Place.
. Philadelphia, Feb. 22 I, 1846.
'UMBRELLAS & PARASOLS,
cheap roa CASH.
".7. 77. STAIIT'S
Umbrella and Parasol Manufactory.
No. 37 Xurih Thn 4 ttrert, txoo door below the
CITY HOTEL,
Plilludelulila.
I, WAYS on band, a large stork of UM
jfi BRELLA? ami PARASOLS, including the
laiit ik'W ai)le of Pinked Edited Paraola of the
tet wnikmunx'wp and materials, at price that will
make i. an nhjwt to ('our try Merchant and nlher
to call and examine hie stock bfre puichaing
elsewhere. Fe'. 22. 1345.- ly
SirUr.KIiT'S PATENT
V7ASHX1TG- 1C-CHI1TE.
THIS Machine his now bren testcJ by more
than thirty families in this neighborhood, and
has given entire wilinfac'ion. It ia so simple in its
conetrurtion, that it cannot get out of order. It
contains no iron to rul, nd no tpiingsnr rollers to
get out of repair. It will do twice as much wash,
inf, with less than half the wear and tear of an of
the late inventions and wh it ia of greater impor
tance, it owta but little over half u much aa olLor
washing machine.
The subrriher has the exclusive right for Nor.
thumberland. Union. L.icoming. Columbia, Lu
eerne and Clinton counties. Price of aingle ma
chine $6. H. Q, MASSE R.
The fallow inn certificate ia from a few of those
Who have tLcce tuact.lnes in use.
Bunliury, Aug. 24, tS44.
We, the subscribers, certify that we have now
in Ue. in our families, Shugert's Patent Wish
ing Machine," and do not bciiate siylng (Jial it U
a most excellent inventinn. That, iu WVhjpg,
it will ave more than one hall the usual labor.
That it doea not require mot than one third the
tiaual quantity ofso.p arol wator t and mat there
i no rubliing, end c. n quenUy, little or no wear,
ing or tearing. 'Itat it knock tT no button, and
that tbe finest iMnibes, such aa collars, lacea, tuck,
frills, Ac, may be washed in a very short time
without ti e lenst injury, and in fact without any
apparent wear and tear, whatever. We therefore
cheerfully recommend it our friends and to the
f uMie, as a most useful and labor savim; machine.
CHARLES W.HEG1NS,
.A. JORDAN.
CHS. WEAVER.
CHS PLEASANTS,
(JIUEON MARKLE,
Hon. GKO. C. WELKER,
BENJ. HENDRICKS,
GIDEON LEISENRING.
Hria's HoTtl, (formerly Tremont Houe, No.
116 Chrsnut atieet,) Pbllsdelpbia, September
Slat, 1844.
I have used Shugert's Patent Washing Machine
in my house upwards of eight month, and do not
hesitate to lav that I deem it one of the mot Use
ful and valuable tabor-saving machines ever tnven
ted. I furmerle kept two women eontinuslly oc
cupied in washiug, who now do as much in two
day at tbey then did in one week. There ia no
wear or tear in washing, and it require! not more
than one-third (he usual quantity o aosp. I have
had a number of ether machines in bit family, but
this ia so decidedly superior to every thiog else, and
ao little liable to get out of lepsir, that 1 would not
da without one if they should cost lea timet the
crice the? are told lor. . V.p uckk.
SUPERIOR ; wine, Madem and Liaboa
-inmm. Aleo euDerior Braedv and Gin. Lemon
Strap. AUo fc barrel of Blob fi". for eeU
w' ' v i ' HENRY JJABEW
Ma.Juryltth.IMS.
gUXBUMY AMEMIC AN.
- AND SHAMOKIN JOURNAL:
Absolut acquiescence in the decisions of the majority, the vital principle of Republics, from which
From the Independent Express, Nor. 17, Extra.
OVERLAND MAIL FROM ORatGOPf,
Arrival of Dr. White, direst freta Orejn
Vnpreecalentail Dspa(ch.TbrB(l In
Mlnstjr Days I I
We had the pleasure on Saturday evening
last, of taking by the hand our old friend, Dr.
Emjab White, Sub-Agent of Indian Affaire
for the territory of Oregon, who had just arri
ved, with a party of only three men : Measrs.
Chapman, Brown and Saxton, all claiming to be
citizens of Willamette two of whom, Ores
Brown and Charles Saxton, had accompanied
him for some time previously, on an interesting
and important exploring expedition, the results
of which will soon come before the public, offi
cially. They left (he beach on the Pacific on the 30th
of July some forty miles from the Umqua river,
find arrived in the Colony about the 10th of Au
gust. They found the Ipislature in srs-ion at
Oregon City, and Dr White being officially re
quested to bear a memorial and petition ema
nating from that body and signed unanimously
by them aUo by the Judge of the Territory
and Executive Committee i'o the Congress of
the United States left on the lCih. They ar
rived at Fort Vancouver on the 17th, the Dal
les of the Columbia on the 20lli, and on the 23d
proceeded on their journey.
At the first camp Major Moses Harris, alias
'Black Harris," his pilot and his dependence, as
interpreter for the Sious and Ps wnee Indiana in
passing through their country, without any dif
ference or explanation, withdrew from the par
ty and returned o the valley. Surprised, but
nothing intimidated, they moved forwsrd. They
mot the Wallawalls Indians so much excited
the Spring before, by reason of the violent and
treacherous ilath of Elijah Heading, en educa
ted yotinj Chief of distinction, killed by a white
man in California end were hendfomely salu
ted and cordially rr-coived the excitement ha
ving entirely subsided. Corn, potatoes, peas,
cn mas and cherries, were brought forward for
the consumption of the party, and their planta
tions, with those of the Keyuse, sp"ak well for
their advancement in agriculture and civiliza
tion. Not many of the Wallawallas cultivate ,
they generally subsist on fish. . But the Key
use and Nezperces, or Seheptans, under the au
spices of Dr. Whitman and lady, and Rev. H.
H. Spaulding and lady, are represented aa ha
ving made most commendable advancement in
agriculture, science, arts, morals and religion
many of the letter reading their own language
fluently and writing well, and in the regulari
ty of their lamily devotions, and observance of
the Sabbath, it is believed few equal them.
On the first of September, they met at Burnt
River, Capts. Barlow, Knighton, and McDon
ald's companies of emigrants the three com
panies comprising some eight hundred persons,
with eighty-seven wagons, within some 350
miles of their destination, ell in good health
and fine spit its, representing the difficulties
of the route as nothing in comparison with
what they had expected. While the Doctor
was giving them an intellectual treat, to which
all listened with indescribable interest, some of
the ladies prepared a rich repast for him and his
little party coffee, sugar, bread, biscuit, but
termilk and honey, with bacon, rice and several
kinds of dried fruits, were nicely spread out;
they ateand drank, talked and mutually cheer
ed each other, and parted in the happiest mood.
At different points, for a diatance of a hundred
and thirty miles they met others each party
soliciting, they all received a Jeciure on Ore
gon. The last party, called the St. Joseph
Company, were met some two and a half miles
from wood or water on the randy desert; but
they found them in the best spirits, and after
advising them at some length on Oregon, the
party was invited to dinner, and sat down to a
table in the tent of Rev. M. Fisher, a Baptist
clergyman, spread with a while cloth, and par
took of tea, light bread, crackers, maple molas
ses, dried beef and butter, all prepared in the
neatest manner. This company were mostly
New Kngland people, bad emigrated to Iowa
and thetico to Oregon, and carried their virtues
and intelligence over the mountains with them.
All much happier and better for the interview,
the party took their leave of this interesting
group of venerable sires, sged matrons and smi
ling youth, and passed on lo Fort Hall, where
they arrived on the 19th of Sepiember, and met
a cordial reception from Capt. Grant. On the
23d they passed the romantic and interesting
Soda Spnnga, where all drank treeiy.
On the 27th, met Dr. Joseph Bark, Botanist
and Mineralogist, sent out by the English Go
vernment to make collections, and return in se
ven yeara from the time of hi departure di
ncd with him found him an intelligent, unas
suming gentleman. The prty passed lA iu
vid on the 4th of October, all walking over it,
and on striking the Sweet, Water, all draak,
not little pleaaed to behold the water once
more running into the Atlantic. On tbe 13th
of October, came in tight of a large 8ioue vil
lege oftome 300 lodges, aad eootaioiog 2,000
souls went immediately to it-were mat ky to-
gcinburj, Kortburnbcrland Co.
veral Chiefs, and the party conducted by them
lo the Soldier's lodge, where they feasted on
the choicest buffalo meat. Dr. White exchan
ged a horse with a Chief, at the Indian's request,
and left, after tarrying two hours the party be
ing aa much pleased with their reception aa the
Indians appeared to be in entertaining them.
They encamped three milet below the village,
horses unmolested and nothing missed. Next
day met Smoke, a notable Chief, and 200 Indi
ana with him, moving up to the large village
which they had passed exchsnged the usual
salutations of the day, and all went off most a
greeably. On the 15th, reached Fort Laramie,
where the party were hospitably entertained, aa
at Fort Hail, by Mr. Pa pin. Led on the 16th,
havinir purchased a sufficient supply of dried
buffalo meat and flour, with groceries to last to
Independence, intending to accomplish the jour
ney with all possible expedition, and not to atop
to kill game. Oo the 17th, met eight or nine
ox teams, hesvily loaded with gooda for trading
with the Indians, in charge of Captain Finch,
who had a trading poet seven miles below Fort
Laramie, on the Platte. On the 19h, met Mr.
Spane had aleo several teams loaded with
goods for trading with the Sioux ; he hod buried
his partner the day previous, having died of a
nervons fever On the 29th, met two men on
an express to Fort Laramie from the American
Fur Company at St. Louie. They told the Doc
tor he would probably meet the Pawnee Indi
ans before leaving the Plstte, and if he did they
would rob hitn and his party.
On the 31st, at about 11 o'clock, the Doctor,
riding in front of the party to keep a look-out
for the Pawnees, discovered a large smoke a-
head ; halted, adjusted the pack animals, and
then went cautiously on again ; proceeded a
few miles, when a horse was discovered three
or four miles aheed, tied, and apparently unea
sy. The party were now convinced that the
Pawnees were not far off; hslted again, and
each man examined his fire-arms. The Doc
tor proposed to leave the road und go into the
hills, and to keep on travelling all night to avoid
coming in contact will) Indians whose charac
ter was that of highway robbers. They did so,
and proceeded four or five milea in the direc
tion of the hills, when three Indians were seen
in front of them, advancing ; the party went
on a short distance, and twelve or fifteen came
up to them. The Doctor made signs to them
to keep awav, and that he waa in great haste to
go on, but they all came up; when the Doctor
stopped, requested Saxton to get off his horse
and open a pack, get some tobacco and give
them ; lie did so, and gave them all there was ;
mounted his horse again, when one of the pack
horsea took fright at the Indians, and ran with
great violence, but was at last caught by Chap
man and Saxton, and the pack adjusted by them,
ready to go on again. , But an Indian, who had
been very impudent and saucy, now came to
Chapman and asked him for powder; he refu
sed to give anywhen the rascally Indian cock
ed his gun. At the suggestion of the Doctor,
Chapman gave him some powder, and he went
of! ; but while the Doctor waa talking to Chap
man six or seven had surrounded him, and two
had hia horse by the bridle, when he asked
Brown to come to him. Brown did so, presen
ted his. pistol at one of them, and the Doctor mo-
tioned to them at the same time, with his six-
, . - .i-.- iia .i
thooter in hit hand to be off, they left, and the
party collected their animals and a'.arted on a
gain towards the hills, when a Urge Pawnee
village, of some three hundred lodges, appeared
in sight, several mile from the road.
A the Indiana left the party, they fired three
rmes at them, and the shot fell thickly around
Brown the Indiana going towards the villsge,
and the party from it, over the hills. When
out of sight of the Indiana and the village, the
psrty again halted; filled their powder horns,
snd took a good quantity of balls in their pouch
es, snd went on again but they had scarcely
started, when two Indiana were seen coming
from the village over the hills ; soon another,
and another appeared in sight, each coming
from different directions, and in ten minutes
from the time the first appeared in sight, the
party were completely surrounded by two or
three hundred men armed with rifles, muskets,
bow and arrows, tomahawks and war-clubs,
while the air resounded with the awful war-
whoop, as they ttill continued to dash upon
them on their fleet horses. ' Seeing that four
could do nothing by firing on iwh numbers, the
Doctor told the party not lo fire, while the In
diana were in great confusion tmong them
selves. Tbe first who came, talked loud and
boisterous, and began to catch the pack horses,
when it waa proposed to go with them to the
village. - . .
In tha mean time, all waa confusion, some
snatching a rifle from one, while another caught
a blanket from another, and ran off. Saxton
first got under way, following hia packed borao,
having many valuable papers, and aorrounded
by tome twenty Indiana j they toon stripped
him of hia powder-horn and hia horse and sad
dle, and put him bare back, while a brave, with
kuga Vatila aie, lad but born by the bridlt.
' . j
therei. no appral but to force, the vital principle 'and
Pa. Saturday, Dec. 13, 1845.
Browu followed Saxton in a aimilsf manner,
psesed him, and waa the first to grace their
fiendish triumph aa they entered their village
in full gallop. The Doctor wis next Buffered
to start towarda the village, but not until they
had lorn hia coat into pieces, and stripped him
of his vest. One Indian then struck him a hard
blow with his bow on the right check ; another
hit him two blows on the top of the head with
a war club, which nearly deprived him of his
tenses. With nothing left but his flannel shirt
snd pantoloons, he passed Saxton soon after
Brown, with a brave leading his horse, and a
Chief riding behind him, embracing liira in his
arms. Chapman followed immediately after
Brown ; they atruck him several times aa he
was riding , he was hurried along and taken
into the village. The Doctor waa last on the.
ground, and waa conducted into the lodge of a
Chief, but not permitted to converse with any
of hia party j the rest of the men were conduc
ted lo separate lodges and treated In a similar
manner.
The party were fed several times during the
evening on boiled corn, at different lodges, ac
crmpanied by an Indian, but were not permit
ted to be tofether, except about fen minutes at
a time. The first impression msde upon the
Doctor and all the party, on entering the lodges
was, that the Chiefs would cause most of the
property to be given back, but before morrfing
all were convinced to the contrary, by having
their pecks opened snd pillaged of every thing
of value ; not even letters to people in the Statea
were omitted. Dr. White lost msny of his
most vslunble papers, and some' twe'nty letters,
though he mailed at this p!acerjt,f6' Various
persons in the Union. Afte.r robbing the party
of all their provisiona and clothing, aa well as
horses, in the morning several squaws, true to
the character of women, put tip some corn, and
the Chiefs who were at the head of the outrage
brought forward several poor, lame ponies and
mules, and gave each man a few old garments,
scarcely enough to cover him, much less to pro
tect him, from the inclement season. A little
after sunrise they told them to be off, pointing
over the hilla where they were taken pris
oners. , .
In the lodge where Saxton stopped during the
night, while Brown waa with him a few mo
ment, an old Chief camo in with a large pack
age of papers, evidently robbed from some indi
vidua!, but he would not suffer him to resdany
of them except the wrapper, which was of the
kind of paper used for envelops in the War De
partment, and directed on the envelop, "Tan
gawanga, Chief of the Otto Nation.'. The In
dian then opened the package and took out a
passport from the United States, and a large pa
per having ten or twelve seals on it, opposite to
which were many signatures, a large paper re
aembiing a deed, and a French passport ; he
then folded them all up, after pointing to the
coat of arms on each, but would not suffer them
to be investigated ; putting them all into the
envelope, laid them under his thigh, gave a con
temptuous laugh, and toon left the lodge. The
party travelled till om o'clock at night without
a drop of water, on the day they left the Village
on the open prairie, taking aa their guide the
North Star, and going in sn Easterly direction.
The Doctor was very much indisposed, owing
to the violent blowe be had received. Soon af-
l.--.l. .. . r.i. - :n .l
ter the party were out of sight of the village, the
smoke behind told them that their enemies had
fired the prairie, and all that day the wind drove
the fire hsrd upon the party, and at night the
flames of tbe tall eraua were seen behind ming
ling with tbe horizon, giving it the appearance
of an ocean of fire. One of the party kept
watch wiiile the other slept or rather dozed.
Next mortiitig, taking a bite of raw corn they
continued their course North-east ; the pirty
and pooranimsls Buffering extreme want of wa
ter. About ten o'clock they found a stagnant
pool, where all the psrty were once more sensi
ble of the watchful care of Divine Providence.
They continued on in the same direction till
three o'clock, when the party struck a deep ra
vine and began to follow it, but they had only
proceeded a short diMence when the Doctor
discovered two Indians far in the distance to
the South east ; the party stopped, concealed
themselves in the ravine Brown crept to the
bank to watch their movements the Indiana
advanced a little, then alsostopped. The Doc
tor then prepared lo retreat and change the
course of travel, and the party readily complied
with his auggestiohs, went up the ravine some
distance, took a Southerly direction and travel
led some six miles, when they atruck a small
creek, kept their course Kill towtrds the South,
and just at dark' struck the Oregon Road, to
the great Joy ot all the party. Tbey encamped
that night tt 12 o'clock on the Republican Fork,
again eating raw corn for atipper.
On the 3d of November, they considered
themselves nearly out of reach of the Pawnees,
being fifty milea from their village. Tbey ar
rived at tbe bank of the Big Blue on tbe even,
ing of the 7th, when on entering the tall forest
tree, by the light of the moon, large flock of
Urkita were bears! among the branch!.
" .......
All
immediate parent of deapotiemJirra'aaow.
.Vol. CIYo. 12-Wbole Wo. aw.
were excited with pleasing anticipations of once
more tasting something palatable, as the corn,
in whatever state it was taken, for several dsys
had soured on the stomachs of the men, and they
ate it only to keep from starving. The next
morning Brown's well directed rifle brought a
tat turkey to the ground. After the turkey wae
despatched, they returned to the corn again, as
the Indians gave them only two riflee having
percussion locks with no more ammunition, and
the other rifle was unloaded to strike Sre with
the powder.
On the evening of the 13th, they ate the first
meal in the house of Mr. Charle Fish, quickly
prepared by his lady, residing among the Shaw
nee Indians, thirty miles from the United Statea
line. ,
The Doctor left the Willamette colony in a
very flourishing state, and ia of opinion thatl
Oregon, at no dietant day will rival many of the
Atlantic Stales In Agriculture, Science and the
Arts. In this opinion all the party Concur, and
they Intend to return agsin in the Spring.
A doily computation makes the distance from
Oregon City to Fort Hall,
Fort Hail to Green River,
Green River to Fort Laramie,
800 miles.
193 '
400 "
C30 '
Fort Laramie to Independence,
Total 2,025
The St. Louis Republican of the 24th ult. ssys:
"Dr. While is now on his way to Washing
ton, the bearer of a memorial to Congress, from
all classes of ci'izens Sn Oregon Americsn,
English, French, and half-breeds asking for
the extension r.f the authority and Government
of the United States over that infantterritory.
The documents are sealed, addressed to the care
of the Missouri delegation, and will, of course,
not be made known until presented to Congress.
At the time of the departure of Dr. Whits
the printing press and types intended for the
tint newspaper in Oregon, had not arrived, but
it waa daily expected.
Dr. White heard of Lieut. FniHojrr'e party
to the South of Fort Laramie, all well."
The Republican also publishes the following
letter from Dr. White :
St. Louis, November 13, 1843.
Sir: I received with pleasure your polite
r.ole of inquiry, regarding Oregon, from the con
aideration of the warm interest you have mani
tested in favor of that new, distant and interes
ting part of our wide domain, and am most hap
py to assure you, and through you, the good ci
tizens of St. Louis and Missouri generally, who
have said and done so much to advance our in
tcrests, that, aside for some inconvenience tor
the want of a Circulating Medium, or the eatab-1
lieliment of proper Commercial Regulations, our
little Colony of 8.000 are going forward most
vigorously, and, so far as the accumulation of
property is concerned, I know of no people ao
rapidly advancing as those who have planted
themselvea in the Valley ot the Willamette ;
nor do I know of any like population to uniform
ly pleased with the country of their adoption
none, air, of the sober, industrious and intelli
gent pari of our cheerful little Colony, but are
greatly pleased with Orgon.and its prospects,
uniformly extolling the climate, soil, scenery,
&e. dec And, sir, of this you need not be stir
prised, ss from a residence of nine yeara in that
delightful Valley, I assure you I know of no
country possessing go mild, equable, salubrious
snd sgreeable a climate ; nor a country of such
Varied and beautiful scenery ; nor ono of sucb
certainty or uniformity of all kindaof crops pe
culiar to such latitude, save Indian Corn, which,
though more certain from the uniformity of cool
niyhts, dees not in growth yield more than an
average f tew-Englaod crop. Nor do I know ot
a country every where possessing such purity
of water, or, ronsiiiering its extent, more Valua
ble water privileges. Ot ft natural and com
mercial advantages 1 nud not speak, aa fVom its
contiguity to the Sandwich Islands, China, Pc
r a and ail the Western World, it will be seen
at a glance that these are very great.
I do not deny that, at the firnt glance a portion
of the Eastern and interior of that Territory ap
pears of littlo worth, nor would otherwise say
than thut in the Willamette Valley, the garden
of the world, poAsess;ng more depth and strength
of srtil, and lesa waste land than any country of
of like extent that three months out of twelve,
arising from the contiuuuua rains, are disagree
able; but, sir, the time Is coining, and rapid!?
advsncing, when domestic herds will tske the
place of the immense herds of buffaloes, and
prove a rich source of revenue. Experiments
at Fort 1111, Bases Walla walla and other parts,
demonstrate this clearly.
My time ia op. More upon this and other
aubjecta relating to Oregon very aoon.
Very respecltullji your obedient aervant,
. ELIJAH WHITE.
A ValcXbli OtsTta. A gentleman wat
eating some eystera in New Orleana, when he
found one particularly frltty. On examination
of the case, no lesa than twenty pearls were
taken out of the oyster. Two of lb pearl
are large, and pronounced by judge to b
valuable.
rntciM or APTBnnanro.
I square 1 insertion, , ., . f 0 6
I do 1 do ' 0 75
I do I do . 1 - ' 1 OH
Every subsequent insertion, ' t 0 9ft
Yearly Advertisement! one column, $26 half
column, $1 8, three squares, f 1 1 two squares, f 9 ;
one sqoare, $5. Half-yearly I one column, $1 8
half column, $13 ; three squares, $8 two squares,
$5 1 one square, $3 60.
Advertisement left without directions as to the
length of lime they are lo be published, will be
continued until ordered out, and ehsrged accord
ingly.
ffJ-Slxteen lines or lent make a square.'
cait. tmftMOttr.
C7 The following interesting sketch of Capt.
Fteemont, th celebrated explorer of Oregon and
California, which we Copy from lbs N. Y. Mir-
rot, will be road Witb deep interest at th pre
sent time :
Captain Fremont, whose celebrated explora
tions in the farthest West is nowthe theme of
Universal applause, is a riative of South Cjto
ltnathe son of a widow, and the architect of hi
own fortnnes. Left an orphan at four years of
age, with a bfother and aister yonnrer tl'an
himself, his mother until he was seventeen,
provided for his support and education ; at thnt
age he began to provide for himself, and fir
thosa tonnected with him. For thre years
he taught mathematics perfeetinz hi own edu
cation, and giving all his earnings beyond his
neceasary support, to his mother end the two
younger Children. At the sge of twenty hi
skill in mathemclies procured him employment
on the rail-rosd explorations uri!rtnken hy rh
state of South Caroline to connect the Atlantic
ocean and the Ohio river at the two points of
Charleston and Cincinnati ; and this gave h'm
occupation in the tnoutitainoue rezion of Njtlh
Carolina and Tenneanee, and, first inured himti
mountain life, and led him to commence ths
scientific observations of the heavens and W.d
earth, he has since extended over ao vast s
field. VVIiilo engaged in tin's business an in
crease waa made by congress in some branches
of the regular army. General Jackson waa
president of the United Slates, and directed ono
half of the new appointments to be taken from
the class of citizens ; and out ol this class the
young Fremont obtained a place among the ju
nior officers of the Topographical Engineer.
The wise, and patriotic decision of Gen. Jack
son opened the door for thii appoinment, but
it required the merit of the applicant to obtain
it The Topographical Corps ia eminently
acienlific ; and the young Fremont, never hav
ing been at the national Military Academy, had
to stand an exminstion before he could be ap
pointed. A board of eminent officers examined
him. H stood the test of this severe ardeal.
He triumphed in bis examination ; and thie
won hia way to a place, which the enligh
tened patriotism of Jackson had laid open to the
compilion of friendless merit. Thia was a first
fruit a rich one of having been a teacher of
mathematics. What an encouragement to
young men who have to advance themselves by
their own exertions.
No sooner was he appointed than he went
into active service in the field, and st ent the
first year in the Cherokpe country, in the topo
graphical aurveya (under Captain William)
which the apprehended hostilities of (he south
em Indians rendered necessary to the expected
military operations. The next year he wa4
sent as an assistant to the celebrated aatron .
mer, Mr. Kieollet, to the valley of the upp r
Mississippi, and was engaged two years in tb at
remote region, in aiding that eminent savan in
collecting the materials, verifying the frets;
and instituting the seventy thousand metfwra
Iogicsl observations, upon which the grei it liy
drographic and topographic map of NicoUct
and Fremont was constructed, and from which
so many publishers of maps have levied "con
tribuliona" without acknowledging the smirce
from which . they came. In 1842 Lieutenant
Fremont first became commander of a separate?
expedition, and explored the country between
the Mississippi river and the Rocky Mounts inf.
to the South Past and Fremont't Peak ; anj
the brief, modest, military and scientific, repcr t
which he made of this exploration, ilium-dints .
ly made his name known in Europ and A mer j.
ea as one of tho !idin!'oi-h-'i
age. In 1612 44 h wpt t:.r .-'
perJilicn to Oregon eo-? N-fi ('"''
report of which, pui'i:';'H !vH,.- r -r
ia now attracting vnivp.-Ji! nfer'.; ir.
hehasgono vpon his v ' 1 x v '-t
mined upon a cemrVe o'l'-t:-.- u' - 3 .
exploration of asli le v.i" k- ' -.lav. : ;
regions between the R ;!;y mooou-u .)
Pacific ocesn.and between the Orct'on rver
and the Gulf of Cal'hmia. This cr.p'liti in i
expected to continue near two yoars, an l i e
successful result is looked '.o w th the highe.it
degtee of interest by all ihe friemj of science
in America and in Europe.
' Perhaps no man of his age, n any country,
haa gone through such an am mint of labor nJ
exertion of body and mind s Captain Fremont.
From the age of twenty the canopy of heaveo
has been his covering! the mountain an'I
plains, tha lskee and river, from tho Atlantic
to the Pacific, from the gulf of Mexico to the
head of tha Mississippi, have been hia home I
Ilia military reronnoMnc in which ho wa
engaged, became also acientifio explanation f
and geography, botany, geolo gy, astronomy,
meterology, receive each iw cn attention from
bira. Tbe fruit of all nfia researches are
recorded In journal-, d',r written in tbefiVI.
Materials for r-i,pieoa'drtwing, are dsily col.
'''.ewonthaof office labor prepare,
publication ; and wtlhoul waiting lo
'-nvihicgpoblvd.th. impatient gwilemaev