granklin glooiterg.
Wed Jimmy, 'November 1,156 .
B
The publication of theßeresrronY costs more
thou &mai POW that it did beforethil ` war, and
we are compelled to enforce prompt settlements.
fills will be sent out to every delinquent, and
we ask that those receiving them will not delay
payment.
The expenditures of a printing office are oil
rash, and we could not if we would do an exten
ded credit businesi with our patrons.
Protracted credits are destructive ti any busi
ness, but they are more fatul to publishers than
any others, because of the small sinus in widely
scattered accounts. • •
The REPOSITORY spares no reasonable expense
to meet all the wants of its patrons, and its Fa
lishers, alike from principle and necessity, will
-inrxorobly enforce prompt payment of all airounts.
OUR NATIONAL PENANCES
The recent public statement of Mr. Mc-
Culloch, Secretary of the Treasury, that he
would direct his energies to a steady con
traction of the currency, has elicited much
discussion from the press. Abstractly
considered, the Principle is a good one
that a volume of circulation approaching
one thousand millions should be contract
ed as speedily as possible to insure a
healthy condition of the country. and Mr.
M'Culloch see%s to act upon the assump
tion that becalfse the rule runs thus, he
can der no better than to follow it.. It is
conceded, however, that there are excep
tions to all rules, which rather prove the
rule than antagonize it; mid we apprehend
'that the movement now being made by
the Secretary of the Treasury to reduce
our circulation will result in evil alike to
the national credit and to the people.
There are fixed rules which govern all
'heavy debtors inexorably, and the govern
ment is not au exception. The individual
who would meets non-interest bearing in
debtedness by substituting interest-bear
"lug bonds therefor, would be regarded as
little lessthana simpleton. In vain would
lie argue that he had too many notes out
and that their, multiplicity impaired his
credit. Sensible business creditors would
accept the act as but postponing the evil
day and swelling the carreet of destruc
tion in the end. We cannot view in any
other light the proposition of Mr. M'Cul
loch to fund our legal tenders. Now they
bear no interest—funded they will bear
six per cent. in gold, and when say one
hundred millions are thus disposed of, the
government will have just that amount
transferred from its non-interest'to its in
terest debt. And what will be the com
pensation ? Will it reduce the volume of
currency if the people either do in fact
need it or believe that they do I' If Mr.
M'Culloch were to withdraw thrice that
. amount of legal tenders he would not ar
rest speculation, if the present business of
the country is on a speculative basis. In
_ every stringency of the money market the
seven-thirties are thrown into circulation,
and every time they are thus drawn out
they suffer in value: In addition to this,
there are over two hundred and twenty
millions of compound interest notes and
over thirty millions of five per cent. notes
—most of which do not circulate in ordi
. nary conditions of the market ; but which
are called out to supply the demanilshen
ever money becomes scarce. 1 3 ;rith more
than a thousand millions 'Of government
obligatkins which can be_substituted for
currency at any time, it is folly for the
government at this juncture to attempt
• anything like a forcible 'Contraction of the
volume of currency. It is folly because
however mach it may be in the power of
the Secretary of the Treasury to embar
rass and .derange business operations for
a time, it is not within his power to effect
a substantial contraction of the currency.
The impotency of the itivernment on
this point arises from the fact that by rea
son of its vast indebtedness it is not per
fectly master of the financial situation.
Being diependant rather than independent,
it mustfgovern,its operations by the same
common sense rules which govern all pru
dent debtors. It must be able to pay be
fore it can accomplish anything material
in regulating the business 'operations of
the country. • True it could
,do infinite
harm by multiplying its currency indefi
nitely; but it cannot, until its receipts ex
ceed its expenditures, attempt contraction.
While all will agree with the general rules
hdd down by the Secretary, there are few
who can leok our national finances square
ly in the face and admit the wisdom of
attempting contraction by funding legal
tenders into interest-bearing bonds. Most
men will agree that our presents interest
is quite as heavy as we can conveniently
provide for, and since no substantial good
can be attained by the change-,-since it
cannot restriht the circulating medium
perceptibly, but maY enforce the substi
tution of bonds as circulation to their dis
credit, the country: will 'not accept the
movement as one of advantage to either
the finances or the people. -
As an tulmonition•to business men, Mr.
-McCulloch's speech is sensible and sound,
but there its merit ends. If it were even
possible fOr him to contract by funding
the legal tenders, and thus hasten a specie
standard of valueS, where Would be oiir
resources fur meeting our increased inter
est? Bear in mind that with a reduction
of values to a specie standard, our inter
nal revenue would. diminish - from one
third to one-half, while our interest would
main at the mile stubborn, amsalling
anount. How then - Would MA. McCulloch
maintain our credit By increased taxa
tion? That would be impracticable, for
the reason that it would peril the whole
_fabric of our credit, and without it we
would be unable to pay. •
a •
—There is one course of probable-safe
ty, and even that has quite enough of
• peril. The volume of currency cannot be
reduced at this time, and the less it is at
tempted' the less will our credit be im
paired. Mr. M'Cullocifii dechuationspoint
ing to contraction made gold higher - in
stead of lower—a significant admonition
'that the speculator and not the govern
ment is inaster of time financial movements.
The wants of the people, whether super
ficial or real, `seem to demand all the cur-.
rency we have, and the government can
only allow Imiginess to. regulate itself, ever
looking earnestly and acting , sternly
against increased expansion. In time,
and we hope ,at.no distant.day, our
penclitures will fall within the resources
of the government, and then, and not till
then. can currency be retired legitimately
and with legitimate results.. Whenever
the government can take in a dollar; that
it need not pay out, the work of contrac
tion mak begin ou a safe basis, and may
continue surely and so gradually as not
to produce revulsion ; but until that period
arrives, violent efforts to contract, and
especially any measure looking to the in
crease of our interest bearing debt, must
prove alike injurious to the business in
terests of the country and to the credit of
the-government.
PRESIDENT Jotrisos and Major George~L.
Stearns (of 7.!ltissachosetts) 'recently had a private
interview on the subject of reconstruction, and by
permission of the former, the substance of the re
marks are published. The President re-enuncia
ted his doctrine that, notwithstanding the so-call
,ed secession of certain States, they were never
out of the Union:but that by their rebellious course
they had forfeited their civil government, to re
construct the machinery of which as soon as prac
ticable he considers • the chief duty of the time.
He did not expect to forever deprive of their for
mer civil rights even a majority of those who were
excluded in the Amnesty Proclamation; but he
intended that they should sue for pardon, and thus
realize the enormity of their (Tithe. He is in fa
vor of allowing those negroes who hate served in
the army, those who can read and write and those
who are possessed of-certain other qualifications,
to vote. but does not think it is politic or'that he
has the right to force these conditions on the white
people of the south, though he believes that they
will ere long concede this privilege to the freed
-11/Vll, The President also favors basing represen
tation in Congress on the number of qualified s
tors instead of on popubition, as at present. •
A REGISTER of all volunteer officers who have
served in the army since the rebellion commenced
has been prepared at the War Department, and
is being printed at the—Go' vermeil t printing of
fice. It will be similar to the regular army reg
ister, and will contain the name, rank, birth-place,
time of entry into the service, and date of dis
charge: information itliich vi ill be of great im
portance to every officer, as a matter of reference,
and valuable as a historical document. It is
understmid that the Military Committees of the
Senate aild House, will urge, as soon as Congress
meets, the pa b.ic,tiiin of a register containing the
name, rank, company, and regiment of every pri
vate soldier and non-commissioned officer, who
has served in the Union army-since the rebellion,
with other information, showing the service each'
one performed. In anticipation of such a call
iug made by Congress, the War Department has
commenced the preparation of this register, which
will be a work of immense labor and voluminous
11E82
By a late arrival from England weJearn that
great excitement has been aroused by 'the publi
cation, in the London official Gazette, of the cor
respondence-between Mr. Adams, the American
Minister, and Earl Russell, relative to ontfclainis
upon the British Government for damages occa
sioned by - the depredations of the rebel cruiser
Alabama. Mr. Adams, in positive terms demands
reparation for these damages ; v. hile Earl Russell,
in equally decided terms, disavows all liability on
the part of the Government of Great Britain.
The correspondence is sharp and rather defiant in
tone, on both side, The Luudwe Tim es . h orgi ,
that the suggestion of a commission of inquiry
which Earl Russell - throws out, may be accepted;
the ministerial Post 'is silent on the subject, and
the London :Veirs and Star hardly disguise their
fear of u hostile rupture.
Aurnr.ct, to the silent umazenient with Which
the Democratic organs receive Mr. Johnson's
speech to the negro soldiers, the Ercning • Post
says ; " ft" is knov‘n thafrisiNty-eight pounder, or
other heavy cannon, fired over the waters of a
shallow bay, N% ill kill, by its concussion, the lob
sters and other hard-shell fish. They , faNnto con
vulsions, and pb . rish in great numbers. The'Pre,
ident's thoientid pounder, on Tuesday, seems to
hate similarlY affected'the people who call them
sell es Deniocrat, They are struck with univer
sal lock-jaw. They ure amazed—' dumb-found
ed,' to uses vulgar phrase. They make altogeth
er a very ludicrous and pitiable spectacle."
HIM EDWARD M'PHEID3O`.S. Clerk of the C.
S, Home of Representatives, - has informed his
friends that he will not place upon the official list
of members any person claiming to be elected
from a state that has been in rebellion against the
-government. To do differently would, be to decide,
himself, one of the most important'questions be
fore Congress; for to let in eighty Southern mem
bers at the outset to vote upon their own recog
nition, would end the controversy in their favor
at once.
THE German Reformed Synod, at its lake ses
sion at Lewisburg, passed a resolution with only
one dissenting voice, returning, thanks fur the re•
moval of the "occasion of alienation" in this
Their meaning would have been plainer,
but perhaps not stronger, had they said " the
abolition of slavery."
WASHINGTON
Condition of Werze—Oectipants ofihe Old
Capitot Prlson—Sale of Mrs Blond - Fs
Furniture—The Veteran Reserve Corps
Important Order—Gen. Grant Purehn•
NOM d Residence—liminess Dull.
Correspondence of the Franklin Repository. -
LII.I WASHING EON CITY, October 29. tea l.
The reports circulated and printed in varioy
newspapers •that Werze has been found guilty,
and a day fixed for his execution," is premature.
Th•• finding of the commissain has - not yet been
made piddle, though the papers are before the
President for his approval, or disapproval.—
Werze talks frequently as to theiprobable finding,
and expects to be hung. • He says, "I don't care
von d--, but if they hangs me the should also
hang Jeff. Davis. Winder and those from %%limn
I got with orders." When lie converses on this
subject lie shows considerable nervousness. He
spends much time in reading German wi.rki of
fiction, and has but little thought about his spir
itual welfare, Rev. F. X. Boyle of St. Peters
church ,(Catholic.) visited him about a week ago
abd met with rather a cool reception to come
from one standing in all probability on the very
edge of eternity.
There are but twenty prisoners now hi the Old
Capitol. The most prominent are Werze, Dun
can, foimerly Commissary at Andersonville, Cap
tajn Winder, also of Andersonville, Gen. Briscoe,
Fuller, of frauds in withal votes, Phelan, for
liirgery in National Banks. The balance are cit
izens engaged inhorse stealing.
The contents of the house occupied by Mrs.
Surratt at the time of her arrest were sold at
auction on last Friday. A very large crowd of
curious people, among them 17earding-house'keep
ers and relic hunters, were h attendance. They
were all disappointed, as the stock was principal.
ly old chairs, bedsteads, carpets, oil cloth, &c.,
of a very dilapidated quality. A glass case of
wax flowers brought nineteen dollars—the bid
ding for it being quite spirited among the curious.
The order now in press at the War Depart:-
merit relation to the muster out of the Veteran
Reserve Corps, and which was caused -so much
specnlatio I 011 the part of interested parties. is
-41,1 g flanktin ittpasitutp, t4ambecsburg, pa.
now understood to simply direct commanding of
ficers to prepare separate , rolls of those men
who &die to be,disehuged the service, and of
taste who wish to retained. This is for the
purpose of mustering out those men who wish to
be, reducing the number of officers and consoli
dating the corps, which Congress will be asked
to make a permanent organization, into which
men who liave been wounded and desire to re
enter the service, but who cannot enlist in the
regular army, according to the i'egulatione on ac
eeurft of existing disabilities , will be admitted.
Gov. Pierpont, of Va., is still getting deeper
into the mire. He came out in a card it few
days since, denying the use of disloyal words in
concersati‘n with Comptroller Clark of the
Treasury Department—branding the statement
as grossly false and stating that• Mfr. Clarke knew
them to be false when he caused them to be pub
lished. To this Mr. Clarke responds in a card,
stating that he had nothing to do with the publi
cation of the conversation whatever, and is igno
raiituf the source from whence the newspapers
fir. 4 obtained the information ; but that Governor
Pierpont did make use of the disloyal sentiments
imputed to him—and in much more objectiona
ble and offensive language than the printed ver
sion of the affair (see my letter of last week) and
that he.did order the Governor out of the roan.
This statement of Mr. Clark is sworn to by
Charles D. Smith, who was present and heard
the whole affair. What response Gov. Pierpont
will, or can make to this remains to be seen.
We think the sooner Virginia can be relieved of
his rule the better. If the signature of a Geyer.:
nor is sufficient to procure a pardon for almost
any one of the citizens of the state over which he
presides—we do not now wonder at so many of
the diabolical rebels of such states as Virginia
receiving pardon from President Johnson. If
Gm - . Pierpont has made use of the language—
which Mr. Clark proves he did, we. think the
Governor is a meaner rebel than agy the Presi
dent has yet pardoned, and is &Willy not a
fit subject for Executive clemency/
The Quartermaster General has issued instruc
tions to officers on duty in - the various military
departments to elm all animals belonging to the
United States i possession of persons who have
nu legal right to %hem. The number of animals
thus held throughout the country is very large.
General Grant has•purchased, for $30,000, the
dwelling of the late Stephen A. Douglas, which
constituted one-half of the bullding known as
ouglas Hospital. It is a magnificent
and will be at once fitted up for the family resi
dence of Gen.-C,rant, in Washington.
Business in Washington'''is Mer=
chants are not making their rent. All through
the war three large theatres and several small
ones have scarcely been adequate to supply the
wants of the people. They were crowded night
ly, summer and winter. One is now sufficient as
a first class theatre. The old Washington thea
tre opened with a first class company, some four
creeks ago, and has had to shut up shop, after
great expense to the managers in refitting, &c.
Washington has gone back to the days of old.
No lifno enterprise.
HARRISBURG
Political Character of the Next Legisla
ture—Number °COM Meinbersaeturned
—The Organisation—Clerkships under
Gen. Hartranft and Col. Ca nip bell—
Pennsyhnnia Finances.
Correspondence of the Franklin Repository.
No. N_NN V.) Octc ,er ISO.
• The next legitlature will stand as follows; as
suming that Mr. Duncan Will come ith the /al
ma facie riglirtg'a seat in the Senate from - your
district:
Union. Dem. 3lzij'y
. •20 13
. 116 34 3'2
Senate
House
Total
When the legislature meets, the Union majori
ty will be one less in the House, in consequence
of the death of Mr. Day Wood, one of the meth
bers elect front Lancaster, as the Speaker's writ
for a new election capita be issued until after the
organization of the `ouse.
Of the eleven new Senators elected, seven have
been members 0f41(7 - Senate before. , Messrs.
Ridgeway. Comiell,-Graham ma:Wallace are re
elected to succeed themselves, nuit Messrs. 'White,
Landon and Glatz have served - heretofore, but
were not members of the last Senate. Landon
has been out three years; White'tan years, and
Glatz one yeat Messrs. Shoemaker, Cowles;
Duncan and BrUlivn, thenther new Senators, Nave
never served in either branch of the legislature,
and I believe never filled any political position be
fore. In the House there will be fifty-six mem
bers who served in the fast legislature, and three
who served in previous sessions of that body but
not in the last. (Jul. Davis of tffe 10th district,
of Philadelphia; formerly represented Venango,"
and Dr. Early,of Elk and Stehman of Lancaster
have each served before. The re-election of so
many members to the House is altogether Ulllt,„
al, and each party contributes about an equal
proportion of re-elections as compared with their
relative strength. • In the Senate Clymer and
Wallace will lead the Democratic side as hereto
fore, while Landon and, White will be added to
the alreadyltrong parliamentary leaders on the
Union side. The Democrats of the House will
miss Purdy and : Sharpe—the first a superior tac
tician and the hist its ablest advocate, and there,
are none to take their places. Mr. Pershing will
be left almost alone as the leader on that aide.—
On the Union side Kelly and Waddell will be the
ablest of the old meznbrrs, but there is much - good
material among the new members: Mann, of Pot
ter, will take the place of Olmstead, and though
scarcely less able, will figure less as a leader.—
The Union mepbere have more than the usual
number of members above the average of legis
lative ability. • • --
The Speakership of the Senate will go to Mr.
Fleming of this place without a:contest, and Mr.
Hamersly will continue as ciJrk by consent. In
the House there will probably be an animated
contest for the Speaker's chair. Kelly, 'Kegley,
and Glass have been mimed in the west, and Da
vis and Rudd: n unan of Philadelphia are also spo
ken of ; but as Kemble will be re-elected Treas
urer, the city will nut seriously claim both. Col.
Quay of Beaver would be a strong candidate if
he could be persuaded to accept, but he is the
friend of Kelly, and will not allow his name to
be used while there is lfhpe for his frientla„nd col
league. Benedict will be Clerk of the House
without a contest.
There will be various snug clerkships to fill in
the Auditor General's and Surveyor General's of
fices next May; but I feel safe in saying that none
but meritorious soldiers need apply. I take it
lbr gmnted_that two bravo soldiers like General
llartranft and CoL Campbell will not leave their
wounded behind then when they have me oppor
tunity to take cure of them. I look for the Audi
torPenerafs office to be filled wrth the heroes of
Fort Steadman. Civilians would save paper,
time,trouble and money by, not pressing themselves
for clerkships.
The financial condition of Pennsylvania as it
will be presented in the official reports at the
close of the current fiscal year, will be better than
ever'before. The debt was redwied sonic $;300,_
000 during the last year, and- a large sum is still
available and applicable to its liquidation. Thad
dition to this, the State has paid some $800,000•
of military claims, $200,000 for traniportution;
$1,800,000 of direct tax, and $750,000 for mili
tia called out under an order of the President, for
which the general government is bound by every
consideration of justice and gond faith.. It Ia a
most remarkable record that Nimaylvania, with
all her generosity and immense expenditures to
sustain the government - and defend herself, has
less debt to-day than before the war. Hai cred
it never was better.
PHILADE,LPIII4
Frauds in the Soldier Vote—The Elettion
of Given to be Contested—Death of J.
Barclay Harding—The Great Fair—The
Tunisian Embassy—Hon. W. IL Seward
—Rase Ball Match.
Cof4OsPoOdenee of the Frani:to Reptoitcu r y.
Nen - PLIILADELPIIIA, October 30, 1t63
Our city is in considerable excitement over the
election returns purporting to come from the
Philadelphia troops encamped in the field. and
elect John Given as City Commissioner. Mi.
Given was the Republican candidate for the posi
tion at the late election, but fell some ten thousand
votes behind his ticket, and on the home vote was
defeated by a considerable majority. On Friday
last, however, at an adjourned meeting of the
Board of Return Judges held for the purpose of
counting the soldiers' vote, a remarkable series
of documents were presented, which - elected
Given by stone three hundred majority... These
alleged returns hear upon their fitce such eviden
_ces of fraud that the Sunday D,ispatch, Evening
Bulletin, Press, and other Republican journals
have boldly spoken up in denunciation of them
and of the unscrupulous attempt of Given to re
tain his office. Given is one of the most pliant
tools of Simon Cameron, and has energetically
endeavored to injure Judge Kelley in the 24th
Ward, in which both the gentlemen reside, but
with what success may be judged from the fact
that Given fell some seven hundred votes behind
his ticket in that ward. Major Weaver, who is
fairly elected, to the City Commissionership, will
at once contest.-Given's certificate of election,
-which is based on the returns of `which we havb
spoken, and which, though purporting to come
from diametrically opposite portionsof the eoun
try, are in envelopes directed in the same hand
writing, and post marked either in New YOrk or
Washington. The whole matter will be thorough
ly sifted,'and I shall keep you fully posted on its
progress.
Barclay Harding, publisher of the Evening. Td
egrapht and Collector of Internal Revenue tar the
first district of Pennsylvania, died last evening at
his residence in this city. Mr. Harding Was a
highly respected citizen and a genial gentleman.
A meeting of the editorial profession a ill be held
to-morrow afternoon„at the rooms of
,the Press
Club, to - take action on the 'natter.
The gnat-fair for the benefit of the Soldier's
and Home is still progressing at the. Acad
emy of .Stusie.. : The airplay is one of the must
brilliant Wer known in our city. The attendance
is large and the receipts bid fair to add weightily
to the Treasury of the Home.
The Tunisian embassy Spent Tuesdaiand Wed
nesday hest in our city, and were entertained by
some of our most prominent citizens. The dele
gation embraced the following persons: General
Otinan Bushell, Special Ambassador from his
Highness the Bey of Tunis, Colonel Ramiro Gui
ta, Aid-de-camp to General Hasher, and Chei a-
Her Antoine Conti, Secretary and Interpreter.
They are accompanied by Amos Perry, Esq., of
Rhode Island, United States Consul to Tunis,
who came with the legation at the particular re;
quest of his Highness the Bey :
The distinguished party were en route for
Washington. where they will be formally presen
t.il to President Johnson and discharge - the main
object of their mission to the Uhited States.—
This duty consists in extending, on behalf of the
Bey, congratulations to our Government on to
overthrow of the Rebellion and the re-estabish•
ment of yeace on the basis of a preservation of
the Union. j Gen. Beaten will also present to
President JOhnson a full sized portrairof the .
Bey of Tunis,and is th4l hearer of alettei final
the Tunisian Minister of State to Secretary Sew
ard, and of two autograph letters from the Bey
to Presidazit Johnson and Mrs. Lincoln.
The Embassy while in Philadelphia paid a visit
EN2
to the ghat Fair for the beae'fit of tke Soldiere
and Sallore Houle, ut the Academy of Music.
They were conducted through the different apart
ments by a committee of gentlemen, and while
inspecting the Arms and Trophies Department,
Gen. Hashen made a few remarkeappropnittc
to the scene and the occasion. He ale made
some liberal donations to the Yair, and expressed
his entire sympatkr with its objects. ,
The Embassy have been, in this. countrv:abou
three Ns eeks, most of which time has been spent
in New York. A visit has been paid to Niagara
Falls and a few other points.
The personnel of tine members of the Embassy
is striking and picturesque, 'General Hasher is a
tall, finely formed man; of apparently fifty years
of age. Hsa complaint' is light brown, black ex
pressive eyes, thick, curly hair, of a dark and
-wooly appearance, and a short black beard and
mustache. He' resses in a full suit of black broad
cloth, the African fez cap, red in color, wish large
blue tassel thrown to the rear, and he wears a
curiously wrought blue-black cloak. ' -
The other members of the Embassy differ:in no
material respect in appearance from the general,
with the exception of Chevalier Conti, the Secre
tary, who is-quiteu young man, of very prepos
sessing appearance and engaging manners. The
Ambassador, General Hashen, is connected with
one 9f the oldest and most respectable families of
Tunis, and has been despatched by his GOVPlti
meat on diplomatic missions, to Constantinople,
Paris and Madrid, but this is his first trip across
the Atlantic. Col. paita, was brought up in the
service of the Bey and Chevallier Conti, has been
connected with the Tunisian Government since
his boyhood.
The city of Tunis comprises about 150,000 in
habitants, and the population of Algiers, of which
Tunis is the capital, isiabout 2,000,000.
The kingdom is nominally under Turkiiih , rule,
but it is now, and fish been for the last century
and a half, actually independent: arranging all its
foreign and demestic affairs without auy refer
ence to Ate Ottoman Government.
A large amount of direct trade Witlrthe United
States was. formerly carried on, but of late years
its commerce has been carried on through the
niediUm of Italy, France and England, through
whose ports large quantities of Tunisian pnidue
' thins, principally wool and olive oil, have been
sent to tnis country.
Hon. Wm. H. Seward - wag also entertained lot
Wednesday last in our city at jhe residence of
Benj. H. Brewster,---tisq., with whom he spent
the day.
To-day the great National Base Ball match be-
tween the Athletic club of this city and the At
!antic of New Yak for the championship o
America comes off in thin city and will'be atten
ded by a large crowd. - •t.
A CORRESPONDENT writing from Mobile, (Al.
abama), says of the track of Wilson's raid: Tak
ing the wagon road from Montgomery to Selma.
I followed the thick of Wilson's raid fifty miles,
and a man, though a fool, could not - have ' erred
therein. A tropical tornado never lett more dis
tinct traces of its course through the jungle than
this same raid bus through the heart of Alabama.
Not a field is in cultivation, not a house bas been
rebuilt, and not even the grass grown over the
camping grounds of the cavalry. Here and there
the ruins of a once stately mansion rise up drea
rily beforeihe traveler and give dignity to the
picture of desolation. The royal magnolias still
stand in the yards, bnt the only sign of life and
'happiness among them is the music of -the mock
ing birk There is only one respectable house
left along this road. Why it Was spared the own
er did not know.
ACCORDING to an official return in Tennessee
there are eightp.three thousand adults in that
State who can neither read nor write, and three
hundred thousand children for whose education
there are no adequate facilities. The present
white population of Tennessee is about 530,000;
that one person in ten is absolutely illiterate.
Such facts as these explain some. of the political
events of the last four years.
PEJIISONA.L.
--General Grant has purchased a residence in
Washington for $30,000.'
—On Saturday Governor Curtin hid an inter
view with the President. ,
H. H. Stuart says the teat oath will ei
.cludelim from. Congress.
—Caleb Cushing sailed today for Europe on a
mission for the, government.
—Hon. Edward M'Pherion has gone to New
Jersey to stump for the Union ticket.
—Goy. Morton, of Indiana, is seriously ill with
rheumatism, and is threatened with paralysis.
Hollins has been appointed Commis
sioner of Internal Revenue, vice Wm. Orton, re
signed.
—Efforts are being made by parties in 'Wash
ington to bring Colonel Moseby to trial before a
military court.
—Joseph E. Worcester, compiler of the dic
tionary which bears hi, name, died at Cambridge,
Mass., last week.
—Judge Stump, formerly of Baltimore, died
suddenly at the residence of his brother, in Cecil
county, on Sunday afternkum.
—Enoch W. C. Greene, editor of the Philadel
phia Sunday Transcript, has been appOinted pen
sion ;went in that city, vice,ldr. Poulson.
—Bamiim has purchased seven hits of ground
in Union Square, New York, and will commence
the erection ofhiq new Museum next May.
—Adjutant General Thomas intends to ask to
be placed on the retired list, and to make his fu
ture home on a cotton plantation in Louisiana.
—Major General Franklin will resign_his com
mission in the serrice, .to take the management
of the Colt's Fire-arms Manufacturing Company.
—Arteinue Ward, according to the New York
Evening:Post, has just been left forty thousand
pounds by an uncle 'lO has recently died in,
London.
[—Hon. William Harris, Senator from the Cen
tre county district in 1864, and the oldest native
inhabitant of Bellefonte, died in that place on
Wednesday last.
—Major General A. D. M'Cook tendered his
resignation tithe Secretary of War, in order to
identify himself with the Butterfield Overland
Express Company.
—Emerson- A Etheridge has been acquitted of
the charges pViferred against him before the Mil
itary Commission at Columbus, Ky and is-now
at his• home in Dresden, Tennessee. • '
—Samuel Hepburn Pollock, son of Ea-Gover
nor Polka, and Chief Clerk of the Directors of
the Stint, died in Philadelphia on Wednesday,
from disease contracted in the army.
—General Abner Doubleday, of Fort Sumter,
has been breveted brigadier general in the regular
army for gallant and meritorious conduct during
* War, to date from March 13th, 1865.
—Gov. Curtin visited the Soldier's and Sailor's
Fair, at the Academy of Slime, Philadelphia, on
Wednesday evening last, a l nd delivered a stirring
address. Hiareceptioii was very enthusiastic.
—l-Last Friday being tile 25th anniNersory of
the,wedding of Senator Wilson, of Massachusetts,
his friends in Natick presented him with $5,000
worth of silver plate and other articles, and a
'purse of $l,OOO.
—Ex-President Frank Fierce has purchased a
Snug little place of forty acres, called the Brown
Farm, in North Hampton, New Hampshire, north
-side of Little Bore's Head, and about a mile south
of Atlantic House, at Rye.
is stated that arrangements have been
made for the trial of Jefferson Davis for treason
before the U.S. Supreme Court, at - Washington
or Richmond, at an early, day. Counsel have
been selected both by the government and the
defense.
=IL S. Foote, late of the rebel government,
appeared before the U. S. Court in New. York to
be admitted to the bar. He took the oath to sup ;
pa the Constitution of the United States and
'that of New York, but refused the oath of allegi
ance, and left, unsworn.
—The Rev. Dr. Nathan B—Crocker, sincelB4B
the oldest presbyter of the Protestant Episcopal
Church of the United States, and for more than
sixty years rector of St. IJohn's Church in Provi
dence, Rhode Island, died in that city on Thurs.
day evening, aged 8.4 years.
—The war Department has decided; with the
approval of Gen. Grant, not to restore the prop.
erty of ex-Gov. Henry A. Arise, of Virginia.
Gen. Terry's action in refusing to give'up the ea
tre is sustained. Wise's house is still used as a
school for the' children of freed negroes, and old
John BrOwn's daughters are the teachers.
B. Ketchum was arraigned in the Court
of General Sessions before Recorder Hoffman.
He withdrevi his plea of not guilty on the gold
check indictment for forgery in the third degree,
and put in a plea of guilty. It was, agreed his
sentence should be suspended till be can be ex
amined in the civil cases before the courts.
—The contest in the Sixth Congressional Dis
trict of Massachusetts, between General Banks
and his uncle, the Rev. Mr. Greenwood:the op
posing candidate, had its parallel some years
since, when Rev. Dr. Breekinridge was a politi
cal rivarof his nephew, the traitor rebel general.
In that case the nephew was successful, as the
nephew will be now. In both cases the uncle is
a clergyman and the nephew a lawyer.
- -The Cincinnati Gazette says the reports tele
graphed to eastern papers to the effect that Goy.
Morton has been stricken down with paralysis,
are untrue. His Excellency has been severely
affliCted for a week past with neuralgia in the
chest, aid lip was at one tkne threatened with
paralysis. That danger, however, is.happily . ,Past,
and he is now rapidly recovering. .He was able
fo he at the Executive Department during a por
tion of Wednesday.
—Maior General George 11. Thomas is congrat
ulating himself em his successful strategy in esea-•
ping the lion-hunters. He has travelled from
Nashville to New York, and through the principal
cities on the Atlantic coast, without suffering a
single public reception__ For the first time since
the outbreak of the wnr General Thomas new al
lows himself the pleasure of a reunion with his
family. In four years he saw his wife but once.
•lie is new in Washington..
-,Sainuel Hepburn, Esq., for many years a
lawyer of distinction reAding in Milton, Northum ,
berland county., and for some years past a citizen
of Lock Haven, died in that place, on Monday
morning, at the residence of his son-in-law Dr.
H. A. Lichtenthaler, at the advanced age of
eighty-four years. Mr. Hepburn was the father
in-law of Ex-Go . Vernor Pollock, Director of the
Philadelphia Mint, and also of E. A. Mackey, Esq.,
President of the Lock Haven Bank, and was wide
ly connected with the best families of the State,
—Col. James L. Orr has been chosen Gover
nor of South Carolina—the first ever elected by a
popular vote. _ Col. Orr, like provisional Gov. Per
ry, hails from The upland portion of the State, and
did good service against secession in 1860-1. Ho
was a moderate in 1860, but finally yielded to the
current. Borne ni 1822, he was first chosen to
the State Legislature iu 1844. to Congress in 1848,
and in 1857 was elected Speaker—the lad ever
elevated to that post by the Wetheeratie vote.
Col. Orr is an able, fair-Minded man, and, we
trust, Will honestly labor to restore peace and pros
ptrity of our whole country.
—Gov. Sharkey, the Senator elect for the •hor
term from Mississippi, is well known tbrougbou
the sonar) , ; hut his colleague, J. L. Alcorn. elec
, .
ted forthe,long term, hasinot been made so prom
inent by I eiieritii; Iliad is hot promiaently known
outside of his own-State:. He has' really never
held any important offices in either State or Fed
eral Government, but has served 'several sessions
in the Legislature. When the war began ho tens
known as a strong Unionist. So positive was he
in his vieyon this a bject that when he finally
suceumb-*I to'the au ority of the rebellion he did
oot attaid any "mpor nt position, being retarded
-by th ter w lab he made as a Unionist
When, however, the work of reconstruction be
grin, he 'was rcalled r m his - retirement and elec
ted to the first Legislature of the reconstructed
State Government. On the 20th inst. he was cho
sen over Judge Jacob S. Yerger, the rebel Gener
al S. H. Gholson and others, for Senator in the
United States Congress.
—We regret to chronicle the sudden death, on
Sunday evening last, at his residence in Phila
delphia, of Mr. J. Barclay Harding, editor and
publisher of the Philadelphia Evening Telegraph;
aged thirty-five years, of congestion of the brain.
Mr. Harding was a native of that city, twin broth
er of William W. Harding, publisher of the In
quirer, both being sons of the late Jesper Hard
ing. He was a graduate of the Central High
School, learned the printing business as a compos
itor in his father's offiee,'subsequently served a
number of years as a clerk in the Post-office, and
then became the publisher of the Philadelphia
Daily Times, au enterprising and interesting Re
publican morning paper, during the Fremont
campaign. When the People's party attained
power in Philadelphia he was chosen Assistant
Clerk of Common Council, and the following year
was elected Chief Clerk to the Select Council.
He has since established the Telegraph, and upon
the death of his father succeeded him as Collector
of Internal Revenue for the First Congr4asional
district. He was a genial man, of popular man
ners, and possessing much public
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE
—Gen. Grant, together with otht'T leading offi
cers, favors an increase of the regular army to
75,000 men.
—Judge Holt has made his award of rewards
for the capture of Booth, and it is now in the.
President's hands for approval. -
-During the year ending June:3o, 1865, the
Pension Office, admitted 15,328 soldiers to pen
sion. and 24.716 widows and orphans. The an
nual payment to these pensioners will amount to
$3,796,457. •
-Minister Adams and Earl Russell have had a
coirespondence in relation to the responsibility of
England for the ravages committed by rebel pirates
fitted out in England. Russell repudiates all lia
bility and refuses all arbitration.
—The remains of the Union suldien3 whowere
buried south of the Potomac in le6l are being
exhumed and reinterred in the national cemetery
at Arlington, under the direction of Colonel Lud
dington, chief quartermaster of the Department
of Washington. Sixty-four have thus been trans
ferred.
—General Grant, after a consultation with the
President and Secretary of War, has decided to
recommend the mustering out of the Veteran Re
serve Corp , and an order to that effect will beis
sued. his is in accordance with General Grant's
idea of reduction of the army' to h minimum
standard. •
—Lieut. Gen. Grant's official-report for the
years 1864 and 1865, covering the active and stir
ring operations in the campaign which ended with
the complete suppression of the rebellion, has
been completed, and will soon be sent to the War
Department ; but not expected to be' given
to the public till after the meeting of Congress.
Though in its statements it is said to be necessa
rily of considerable length.
—Lieutenant Colonel A. C. Hamlin, U. S. ar
my who has made several inspections of the An
dersonville prison, has made a very long and in
teresting report on the prison, and states that the
lives lost at that one spot, by starvation and cru
elty, outnumbered the killed and wounded in the
British army in all of the great battles of the pe
ninsular war and at the battle of New Orleans.
The report could not be received in evidence at
the Werze trial, on account of its being closed
when the Colonel reached Washington. It is ho
ped, however, the,report will be published.
• -
--The official announcement of the War De
pariment that persons who have been liable to
the draft during the war, amlhave left the country
rather than serve in the ranks of the national al ,
my, may retail without any fear that the pains
and penalties if desertion - will be' imposed, will
undoubtedly result in an immense immigration
from Canada and Europe. Thousands of young
men who could not afford or were not inclined to
pay the money demanded for substitutes, betook
themselves to the other hemisphere or sneaked off
to Canada. They will now return in force, se
cured against all liability to answer the charge of
desertion.
POLITICAL INTELLIGENCE.
—The average Republican majority in the
election in . Nebraska territory is about 600. '
—Wade Hampton is probably elected Gover
nor of South Carolina by a large majority, •
—Gov. Perry, W. W. Boyce and John Camp
bell are the prominent candidates for United
States Senators from South Carolina.
—The returns of the soldiers, together with a
correction of a mistake in the 7th Ward, elects
Mr, John Given, Union, City Commissioner of
Philadelphia by 322 majority.
--:Gen.Clarence A. Seward has declined, on
account of his profesponal engagements, the nom=
'nation for the once of Judge of the Supreme
Court of New York;lendered him by the Union
PartY
-Returns from the local elections;in about
one-third of the State show that Indiacm gives a
Union majority of 1,280 this year, against a De
moeratic majority of 5,782 last year, or a Union
gain of 7,062. , _
—At the Cumberland County, N. J., Democrat
ic Convention, Landis township was unrepresent
ed, it is said, in consequence of there not being
members enough of that party to form a delega
tion. The township is Union to a man. • -
—Mr.Barbour, who has just been elected to
Congress in Virginia, is announced to take the
stump for the Union cause and candidates in
New Jersey. This looks morn like old times and'
true than anything since Lee's surrender.
—The Republicans of Colorado have nomina
ted Gen. William Gilpin for Governor and G. M.
Chilcot for Territorial Representative in Con
gress., Resolutions were adopted denouncing the
charges against Col; Chivington's command, as
based on misconception and misrepresentation. •
—Monroe county must be a den of Copper
heads. The following are a few samples of the
way her people voted ut the late election : Cool
bough township, 59 for Davis, 6 for Hartranft;
Eldred township, 137 for Davie, none for Hart
ranft ; Middle Smithfield township, 213 for Davie,
10 for Hartranft.
—The Legislature of Ohio stands as follows:
f the 37 members of the Senate, 25 are Union,
and of the 105 members of the Houee,,6B are
Union, and the election of at least two more by
the soldiers' vote is confidently expected, making
70 Union members in the louse, and giving the
Union party two-thirds in each branch, and a
majority on joint ballot of 48.
2 —We have the testimony of a distinguished
Wirth Carolinian—Han Kenneth Raynor—that
November 1, 1865. 4'
the South 'is' indebted to Zeturiciatie party
for its present destitute, and humiliated condition.
He distinctly declares that the Southern people
were seduced from their allegiance to the Gov
ernment bi the wiles of that corrupt political - bi - :
or
ganization, ation, and he enumerates the prominent
measures by which the rebellion was fashioned
and set in motion.
NATIONAL TELANIFINGIVING DAY
President Johnson has loaned the following
proolamatipn, appointing Thtuaday, December
as a day of National Thanksgiving :
➢T TOE- FILSSIDENT OF ME UNITED STATES,
A PROCLAMATION.
Whereas, It has pleased Almighty God during
the year which is now coming to an end, to re•
lieve our beloved country from the fearful scourge
of civil war, and to permit us to secure the bless
ings of peace, unity, and harmony, with a great
enlargement of ciCil liberty ;_and
Whereas; Our Heavenly Father has also during
the year graciously averted from us the calamities
of foreign war, pestilence and famine, while our
granaries ate full of the fruits of an abundant sea
son ; and
Whereas, "Righteousness exalteth a nation,
while sin is a reproach to any people ;"
Now, therefore, be it known... Plat I, ANDREW
JorissoN., President of the United States, do here
by recommend to the people thereof, that they do
set apart and observe thefirat Thursday abeam
ber next as a day of National Thanksgiving to the
Creator of the Univerie am these deliverances
and blessings.
And I do further recommend that on that occa
sion the whole people make confession of our na
tional sins against His infinite goodness, and with
.one heart and one mind implore the - Divine guid
ance in the ways of national virtue and holiness.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my
hand, and caused the seal of the Unified States to
be affixed.
Done at the city of Washington, this 28th day
of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and sixty-five, and of the independ
ence of the United States the nineteenth.
_ ANDREW JontiSON.
By•the President
Wm. H. SEWMW, Secretary of State.
A SIOUSE STORY.—An English loutmal has
the f - ollowing story, of which the reader may be
lieve iv much as he pleases: - .
A gentleman in Scotland has trained a couple
of mice and invented machinery for enabling them
to spin yarn. The work is done on the treadmill
principle. It is so constructed that the common
house mouse is enabled to make atonement to so
ciety for past offences, by twisting and reeling
from one hundred - to one hundred-and twenty
threads per day. To complete this the littlepe
destrian has to run ten and a half miles. This
journey it performs every day with ease. An or
dinary mouse weighs only half an ounce. A half
penny's worth of oatmeal, at one shilling and
threepence the peck, serves one of these tread.
Mill culprits for the long 'peliod of five weeks.
In that tom it makes one hundred and ten threads
per day, being an‘verage of three thousand eight
hundred and fifty threads of fifty five inches,
which is nearly nine lengths of the reel. A penny
is paid to women for every cut in the ordinary
way. At this rate a mouse earns niuepence
every five Weeks, which is one farthing per day,
or seven shillings and sixpence per annum. Take
sixpence off for board and one shilling for machi
nery, there will (vise six shillings clear profit
from every mouse yearly. • The mouse employer
is going to make application for the lease of an
old empty house, the dimensions of which 'are
one 'hundred feet by fifty feet and fifty feet in
height, which, at a moderate calculation, will
hold ten thousand mouse mills, sufficient room
being left for keepers and some hundreds of spec
tators. Allowing £2OO for rent and taskmas
ters, £lO,OOO to erect machinery, and £5OO for
the interest, there will be left a balance of £2,-
300 per annum.
AFFAIRS Eti KENTLICKY.—The following ex
tract from a private letter of General Brisbin,
commanding the Ist Division of Kentucky, to a
gentleman of Cincinnati, not only explains the
condition of things in that State, but predicts start- r
ling things for the future:
"ilcow that martial law has been labrogated,
many seem determined to perseerite the'poor ne
groes and return them to slavery under the State
laws. Others are intent on ruining Union men
by dragging them before disloyal courts. I think
I understand the President's policy toward this
and other rebel States. He desires to trust the
people, believing that four years of +,viplence and
war have brought every -man to enininctly desiie
peace and quiet. He wishes to afford a misgui
ded people a fair...opportunity to undo by their
own action, as far as possible, the mischief which
they have done. That the people of some of the
Southern Stateswill' deceive Mr. Johnson, and
by their reprobacy and blindness of heart frus
trate his good intentions, I verily believe, and
that Kentucky will be the most stiffnecked of all
I also believe ; but - when these people shall have
neglected the offer of mercy now held out to tbeirv,
as they will when they shall have spurned and
tcampled upon the clemency of the government,
as they will; then, I belivve, the great and mag
nanimous heart of Mr. Johnson, now generous
and tender, will grown hard toward the South
ern people, and then he will do as he has prom
ised, pi.nish treason as a crime, and all the world
will say amen."
THE Ekts—The remains of the unknown wo
man and her two.daufhters, who were killed in
"the late terrible accident on the Pennsylvania
railroad, have at last been identified, and inter
red in Woodland Cemetery, . at Lancaster.
Charles Scott, (a brother-m,law of the nntbrtu
nate woman,) of Coshocton, Ohio, vhtited Lancas
ter, and had no difficulty in recognitng the bod
les of the unfortunate persons as being Mn. team
and her daughters The , &p . n.s's was the foL
lowing account of the manner in which a clue was
obtained of the friends of the deceased:
"It seems that the deceasedwere passengers
by the Allentown route, and got on-this train at
Harrisburg. by mistake, their baggage going over
the other route. Upon examining this uncle:lined
baggage, photographs were found in the -trunk,
taken by a photographerat Coshocton, Ohio. Mr.
Franciscus at once sent Mr. Ross to that place,
who traced out the relatives through ihformation
given by the photographer. The sister of-Mrs.
Bean showed Mr. Ross a photograph, which he
at once recognized as the likeness of the woman
Who had been ,killed on the train. Mr. Sentt,
her brother-in-law, came in from the \Vestal%
Mr. Rem reaching here last night, and this
horning - identified the -- bodies: This - -ends the
last sad chapter iu the record of this mournful
ensulty - .TM - - - -
DISCOVERY OP' A NEW, COPPER ORE ~—h.
short time since several gentlemen intereffted in
the mineral resources of-the South Monntrdn, dis
covered inTavetown district some eXtrafiadialOT
specimens of copper ores. Upon a thorough ex
amination of them by a celebrated chemist-the)"
were found to be a rich black sulphuratof cap
per or copper glance. As this ore is - usually
found in strong and profitable veins, we have' lit
tle doubt, from the extensive range over which it
is found, that it will add materially to that-min
eral region. In addition to the beds and veins of
metallic copper, red oxide, blue and green car
bonates, and silicate of copper which have at
tracted so much attention recently, we have now
in addition this valuable ore. We regret we have
not been furnished with a complete analysis of
MS recent discovery; a further and detailed de
cription we hope to present to our readout in a
few days. -
- We congratulate the people_ of Washington
county upon their evidences of wealth and pros
perity now becoming known, and hope in a few
years the development of her ores, which now
present such flattering and encouraging prospects,
will place her amongst the first mineral, as she
now stands one of the first agricultural, counties
east of the - Alleghenim — Hagent(nrn Mail.
THE POST OFFICE bEPART';IENT.—We 41113
informed that on the summing up of the Post Of
fice Department for the fiscal year ending' June
30 ; 1865, the excess of receipts over expendi
tures is found to be More than $850,000. This is
the first time in the history of that department
that so favorable a financial exhibit has been
made, and though a portion of this retrenchment
is due to the increased number of letters written
and sent to and from the armies in the field, a
considerable share of the credit is due -to the
economical and business like manner inwhichthe
affairs of the Post Office Department have lately
been conducted, and to the efficiency- of the offi
cers who have been engaged in the-mail service.
There is good reason to believe that after civil
government is fully established in the' Southern
States, and that country is occupied by enterpri
sing men from the North, the mail servieeof the
whole country will be made self-sustaining. Un
der the system inaugurated by the present Post
master General such a result is almost certain.—
It'askington Chronicle. -