liu.7- .tositerg.
Wednenday, July VI, 1865
THE LINCOLN CABINET.
Of the itiginal Lincoln cabinet but two
rem nine& at the tithe of his death, and the
: third incumbent of his selection had
charge of two of tho cabinet portfolios.
Mr. Punerqn was the first to retire from
the War Department, and was succeeded
liy * Mr. Stanton, who still remains. Mr.
Smith followed by:resig,ning the Interior
Deprtment to accept the office of United
States Judge, and was succeeded by Mr.
Usher, who in time gave way to Mr. Har
lin, the present incumbent. Mr. Chase
' . resigned the Secretaryship of the Treas
ury, and Mr. Fessenden succeeded him,
who in turn Was succeeded by Mr McCul
loch. Mr Blair vacated the Post office
Department and Gov. Demison took his
place and still remains. Mr. Bates re
signed and Mr. Speed succeeded him and
still administers the Law Department of
'the government: All these changes were
made by Mr. Lincoln during his first term,
excepting the selection of 3lr. Harlan to
the Interior and Mr. McCulloch to the
Treasury ; 'and President Johnson has re
tained the Lincoln cabinet intact, even to
installing Mr. Harlan who had been ap
pointed, by Mr. Lincoln and confirmed
but had not entered upon the duties at
the time of President Johnson'saccession.
—During Mr. Lincoln's life there were
few reasons given to the public in any 4111-
thentic ' shape for the various changes
— made by the President in his constitution-
al advisers. There - were newspaper par
aga pbs in abundance explaining the with-
drawal of cabinet officers to their credit
or discredit; but none ventured into an
authorized exposition of the'ruses which
led to the frequent disruptiqn of the cab
inet. • Since the death of the President,
however; we find the secrets'W the inner
workings of the administration leaking
out in various shapes. Some are credita-
ble and some discreditable. Some true
some shaded with truth, and some with
out even the shadow of truth. It seems
to be deemed safe to invade the recesses
of the political scenes in the White House,
since no process can enforce the testimony
of the departed. We seethe secret of
Mr. Blair's withdrawal leak out in his at-
tack Upon Secretaries Seward and Stanton
in his HagerStoWn speech of last week.
He seems to'have simply sought an occa
sion to make a .bitter assault upon two
cabinet officers who have survived him in
official position, and the world learns that
he left because he and they could not stay
together, and they were mightier with the
President and country than he. Were
Mr. Lincoln alive, the literature of the
nation would bare been without Mr.
Blair's Hagerstown speech, and lircamil
lian might have enjoyed his Precarious
throne without the trumpet blast of evil
from the ex-Post Master General. The
truth is he retired because the Nation . aJ )
Convention. the Republicans of Congress,
the Union men generally and Seward,
- Stanton and Chase in particular wanted
him out, and finally Mr. Lincoln notified
him that "that time has Come." and
lie retired.
Mr. Chase withdrew from the .cabinet
with the cordial consent of the Pres
ident. He had great. confidence in. Mr.
Chase's financial ability, and that confi
dence was unshaken when he gladly Made
the change. Mr Lincoln had his share of
the infirmities which variegate mankind.
and during the year preceding the Bal-
timore Convention of 1664. his chief ani-
bition, after his conceded singleness ,of
purpose in desiring the Safety of the Re
public. mas to be re-elected to thei Presi
dency. The writer,hereof has freOently
f
heard him discuss the succession ' ith his
characteristic frankness and with . n earn
estness 'Unusual in , Mr. Lincoln t uching,
his own interests. He was deeply grieved'
at Secretary Chase for 'months before his
withdrawal from' the Treasury Depart
ment, and the breach, widened until a
new cabinet officer became a necessity.
They differed as to the policy of the gov
ernment, although not materially as to
the end in view; and Mr. Chase persisted
in pressing his claims for the Presidency
even after his own State had declared,
through its legislature„ for Mr. Lincoln.
Phis weakness he did not excusejn a cab
inet officer, and it did not take a serious
financial pressure from some Gotham ti-
minders to set Mr. Cha s e as id e . Lik e
Blair, Cameron and Smith he resigned
under compulsion—a chalice the proyer-
Uial ldndness of Mr. Lincoln would give
to any erring brother. Mr. Lincoln hav
ing been so triumphantly vindicated by
bis.re-election, and the fitness of his am
bition being confessed by even Mr. Chase
himself, he ditt an eminently proper and
generous act by giving Mt. Chao , the
Chief JusticcAip. If he had had any
other worthy]eonmietitor for the
npwina
tion, he would have done likewise with
all of them.
. , Mr.Fessentlen retired from the Treasury
because of his re-election to the Senate,
and Mr. retalloch was selected solely on
'financial grounds—the finances of the na
tion then needing more care than its poli
tics, , Mr. Smith retired because of grow
ing dissatisfaction with him and his dispo
sition of patronage, in Congress and in the
West, and his successor, Mr. Usher, was
wrecked on the same fOck. f Secretary
Harlan was finally installed because both
Congress and contractors would respect
and fear him. Mr. Bates. like Mr. Fes
sender', retired finm choice. He is old,
has outlived his Presidential ambition,
and seeks private life full of years and
unspotted honors, because lie loves it.
Gen. Cameron withdrew from the War
Department because like Blair, Chase,
Smith and Usher, he was politely request
ed to do so. He was appointed, with
Bates, Chase and Seward, because he had
aspired to the Chicago' nomination and
wial a competitor of Mn. Lincoln for that
h k r ,4l. So little did Mr. Lincoln know of
public who were prominent merely
_loa ;:politicians rather than. as statesmen,
Ant he did not know, two months after
- -..- if - fiit election, that Mr. Cameron had
a ihm ler in Congress from 1846 to
;43ilitt, Lincoln was a liepreBel2-
tative. He knew but little of public men,
save those who worads heart, or judgment
by the eminence of their Altaiiiments iii
the 'nation4 councils. Ile, was seldom
out of Illinois, and was without national
time 'until his memorable contest with
Douglas in 1858. He appointed Mr. Cam
eron, 'therefore, because Pennsylvanirhad
presented him for the Presidency, assum
ing that so great a State would award, its
highest honors to its most worthy citizen
The statement of the Chicago Republican.
,that Mrl . Cameron voluntarily - Withdrew
from the 'Cabinet because he' would not
consent to remain longer -with Gen. Mc-
Clellan at the head of the army, is purely
gratuitous. and we hazard little in the as
sertion that lie never made the statement
or authorized its publication. That Gen.
M'Clellan and Mr. Catueton differed at
times about appointments we do not doubt;
butlis portfolio was not surrendered for
that reason. _He withdrew simply because
resistance to his administration had cul
minated in so imperious a demand upon,
the President from Cotigress, the Mouied
men of the cities, and the country gener
ally, that it had to be obeyed: The lead
ing Icie - w York financiers demanded his
remqal or shattered government credit
as the penalty for denying it, and a Re
publican Congress became decided in its
hostility to his continuance in office,—so
' much so that that even after his retire
ment it formally censured him by resolu
tion formal-administration ; 4d be was
ignorant of his own resignation until Sec
retnry Chase called upon him with a let
ter from Mr. Lincoln, in which he was in
formed that he was no longer Secretary
'of War, hut Minister to Russia. Of his
successor be had no knowledge until qe
nomination of Mr : _Stantou was sent to the
Senate, together4itit his own as foreign
Minister; and his letter of resignation,
afterwards published, to which the letter
of President Lincoln seemed to be a reply,
was written some days after . Mr. Lincoln's
letter had been delivered, and Mr. Came
ron had retired from-the eabi t. The
arrangement of the corresPont ence was
an after-thought, and one of Lincoln's
many balms to the wounds he w, s so often
compelled reluctantly to indict.
—Mr. Sh - iith is dead and cannot partici
pate in the manufacture of history to pre
serve his fame. Chase is Chief Justice. and
deems Ihimself vindicated. Bates needs
none anil feels sot but Usher will probably
soon join Cameron and Blair in explaining
how the country - happened to suffer the
misfortune of losing' a good cabinet officer.
INSCRANcE.
Insurance-is a thoioughly mastered sci
ence. It is reduced to a mathematical
certainty how many buildings will be
burned in a given number of years: at
what age sound men and women. will die;
what number of travelers will be killed
and maimed out of every thousand, and
how many days, weeks and months hear
ty people must devote to sickness or cur
ing broken limbs or bruises from accidents.
True. they cannot calculate just when any
particular individual will die, or take sick,
or 'suffer n fracture of the leg, or when any
particular house .or barn will take fire
but it is ascertained-to a reasonable cer
tainty the average life of healthy men and
women : the average number of accidents
inflicted upon a thousand travelers, and
the average per ventage of property de
stroyed by fire. Years of patient toil
have been devoted to research on these
points, and the result is that any soundly
established and judiciously managed In
surance company cannot but make money
unless it fails in securing adequate pat
ronage, or meets with some most uncom
mon ruistOrturre before it has attained a
good fonting.
While the great science of Insurance
has been thoroughly mastered by men
who have devoted their energies to the
establishmgt of profitable Insurance com
panies., the-z - visdom, indeed the necessity
of insurance is very far from being prop
erly appreciated by the people generally.
Kest persons have learned that when they
have erected good houses, barns and pla
ces of business, it is but-the part of wis
dom to protect themselves from total loss'
by insuring them in one or more compa
uies: but beyond that the question of in
surance is as yet in its infancy. The time
is past when men are entitled to sympa : -
thy who suffer serious loss by, fire becau
they have. from parsimony or neglect,
tidied to effect insurances*: and the prin
ciple is a correct one. TherA is no excuse
whatever for the neglect to insure.prop
erty when it can be done without fear of
swindling almost at their doors. Anyone
who can afford to build can well allbrd to
insure. and those who can barely affOrd to
build, cannot afford not to insure, for the
reason that in case of loss by fire, they
cannot replace that which the, have lost,
while if insured, they can rebuild and
none feel the loss materially. -
But insurance is steadily ramifying into
every channel that opens the way to ail:
ford protection against accident or the loss
of the source of liyhig by death. Each
year lieu insnradee is widening its sphere
of usefulness until it is now very generally
adopted by judicious business men. One
' half of the active men in Chambersburg
who have families have their lives insured.
We know of two of our citizens who have
each au insurance of thirty thousand dol
lars on his life, and there are very - many
who have ten, five and as low as one thou
sand to pifitect, their families from want
in ease ofttheir death. It is regarded by
well inftnined business men as the best
investment that can be made. We have
well established companies—such as the
Aiherican, the Penn, and the Girard, each
of which have agents here,—which have
stood till the. financial convulsions of the
last twenty years without impairing their
credit, and it is a well ascertained fact,
that unless their assets are stolen, they
must not only remain solvent but increase
in wealthfor an indefinite period. Insu
rances eau be taken in every conceivable
way. Yon can insure your own or any
other's life—can insure in favor of your
own estate or in favor of your wife, child.
creditor or any one die ; and you can pay
the whole in ten years; pay semi-annual
ly, or talk' a -non-i7rfoiture policy.. which
ebe Stanklin itqausiturp, eliambasbutg; Pct.
will iemain good forany proportion of the
policy that ispaidfofeven if the payments
_are discontinued. By life insurance every
family .can 13e made secure against want.
Two-thirds of the families in every com
munity depend wholly or measurably upon
the eftbrts of the head of the family for
support, and suffer either absolute want or
grievous curtailmen t Of the comforts of life
when the avenging angel: strikes at the
father and Jiusband. We know of hun
dreds of widows and orphans who have
experienced sad changes in life because of
the failure of their natural protector to re
sort to life insurance ; and we Know of a
few whose sole dependence now is,upon
the income derived from . the money re
ceived on a lifeinsurance policy. There
are few industrious and thrifty men who
cannot afford to Otapart a portion of their
income to provide a certain revenue for
their families in case of death ; and we
com Mend the subject to every careful and
affectionate parent and husband.
Accidental policies are also issued now
.by responsible companies, and they are
worthy of the attention of business men,
particularly those whose families depend
upon their daily labor for support. Trav
elers can, for an additional ten cents paid
when pkrchasing a rail-road ticket, get
an insurance for three thousand dollars,
which will be valid for twelve honor. If
death ensues within that time by acci- -
dent, the sum is paid in full, or if by any
casualty the person insured is prevented •
from attending to his usual business, he
is paid fifteen dollars per week for a pe
riod not exceeding twenty-six weeks.
Similar policies can be taken for a year,
at the rate of five dollars for every thou
sand insured, and if any accident prevents
active employment during that time, five
dollars per week is paid for every thou
sand insured,' and in case of death from
any accident, the whole sum, , ,is
This feature of insurance is especially
adapted to mechanics who work upon
buildings or about dangerous machinery,
and to persons who travel frequently upon
railroads. It is very cheap as the number
of accidents in proportion to the amount
of travel and the use of machinery is be
ing reduced each year because of the vast
increase and perfection of both. It - isnot
uncommon for families dependant upon
daily labor to sailer serious want because
of accident preventing the father from
pursuing his calling, and the pittance of
less 'than two cents per., day • will secure
live dollars per week. f4ir the support of
the family, while the diiability continues.
The same principle applies 7 to health in
surance ; but it is fast failing away be
fore the progress of life insurance. though
some companies still incorporate it with
the insurance upon life. •
—The whole subject is woithy of the
careful consideration of all classes, for there
are none so opulent and none so poor that
they cannot find a system of insurance
adapted to their wants and circumstances,
There are three. agents of Life Insurance
in Chambersbnrg—W. G. Wed, of the
AmeriCan ; S. S. Shryock, y of the Penn.
and John Mull, of the Girard ; and Mr.
Heed is also general agent for a member
of Fire Insurance companies, and the only
agent, we believe, for Accidental insurance.
MEXICO-THE MONROE DOCTRINE
The emphatic dCelaration of Hon. Mont
gomery Ilb;ir, iu his Hagerstown speech
last week, that our government must
prompily demand the surrender of the
Mexican throne by Maxatidllian and en
force the demand at every hazard. has a
peculiar sig,niticaner. Upon the face of
the address it seems to be a mere ebulli
tion of petty spite against Messrs. Seward
and Stanton, two fellow cabinet officers
who ( retained their portfolios while Mr.
Blair reluctantly retired ; but as a politi
cal manifesto, considering the relations of
the author to the powers that be, and the
military movements in Texas, we regard
it as tbreshadowing important events.
That it assaults Mr. Seward is no indica
tion'that Mr. Seward will surrender the
Premiership, nor that he is - in the way of
the policy apparently to be inaugu
rated. Mr. Blair would doqbtless prefer
that Mr. Seward should resist the enforce
ment of the Monroe doctrine, and fall in
the effort; and the labored argument that
he has antagonized it and means to persist
in it ,:proves - simply that Mr. Blair wants
Mr. Seward-out of the cabinet or intends
to strip hint of all credit for the inaugura
tion of the new policy.
Iris true, as charged' by Mr. Blair, that
Mr. Seward has not insisted upon the en
forcement of the Monroe doctrine. Mr.
Lincoln wisely adopted the motto---" One
war at a time," and Mr. Seward faithfully
carried it out. Both would doubtless have
preferred to restrain Napoleon from inter
ference in Mexico_ and to declare the usur
pation of the Mexican throne by Maxamil
lian as an act of hostility against the Unit
ted States; but inasmuch as they found
quite enough to do to enforce the laws
within the territory of the United States,
they allowed the question to remain in
abeyance. According to the settled policy
of the government, the declaration of Con
gress and the platform of the Baltimore
Convention. they were bound to protect
Mexico from French and Austrian domin
ion, just as they were-bound to maintain
the sovereignty of the general govern
ment in all. the States; but it required
over four years to discharge the last duty.
and it was but, the part of prudence and
the certain road to success in both, to
overlook the lesser evil until the greater
was overcome. Now the_authority of the
government is confessedly re-established.
and the question of French interference
in Mexico becomes a legitimate issue, and
we must prepare to meet it as becomes-a
great nation.
Mr. Blair has not spoken at random in
the important enunciation of our true for
eign policy. He is *own to Sustain the
most intimate relations with President
Johnson, who was the guestof F. B. Blair
Sr. from the time of his inauguration as
Vice President, until his shattered health
- was entirely restored ; and when he ap
peared before Chief Justice Chase to (pal
ify-as the chief ruler of the nation, the
two Mail, father and son, with Preston
- King. were by his Side as friends anti
counselors. Since then they have been
tireless in their attendance upon the new
President, and he could have - tew more
sagacious advisers on all public questions
in which their personal prejudices and
disappointments do not enter. Besides
. Mr. Montgomery Blair is a politician, -sa
gacious and tireless, and not wanting in
ambition. He has already been a cabinet
officer, and lookS_confidently to a seat in
the Senate. Cotdially as hates Seward
and Stanton. he would not proclaim - a
policy not likgly to be accepted by the
administration and the people, merely for
the sake of making mouths at two cabi
net ministers who have been more fortu
nate than himself. He proclaims the
Monroe doctrine and demands its imme
diate and earnest enforcement because he
believes in it: because it is right; because
‘.t will be the policy of the a inistration,
and because it will meet the pproval of
the people generally and Mar land in pa-
Ocular. So much we learn from Mr.
Blair's Hagerstown speech.
—This view of the great issue is fully
sustained by the military 'movements in
Texas. When Gen. Sheridan was ordered
to Texas, Kirby Smith still defied the
government, and declared his purpose by
proclamation to his soldiers to maintain
rebellion indefinitely ; but before Gen.
'Sheridan had reached his new field, the
entire rebel forces in the Trans-Mississip
pi
department were surrendered, and no '
armed forces remained any where to re
sist the proper authorities. It was gen
erally supposed that Gen. Sheridan's mis
,sion was ended before he reached his
head-quarters; but instead of returning
or disbandingliis troops. .his army has
been steadily - strengthened until he has
fully 100,000 men in his department, and
an army of 80,000 men ready to take the
field for active operations. The Presi
dent has not sent a fighting Allier like,
Sheridan to Texas to amuse himself by
putting 50,000 men throne!, the evolu
tions on dress parade every few days, nor
would so strict an economist as President
Johnson incur sneka vast expense for
naught. He keeps an immense army
there and there are no rebels to fight; no
' internal disturbances to quell ; no Point
of our 'southern frontier or Coast isthreat
ened by any foe, and yet Sheridan is dai
ly strengthened instead of mustering his
men out and sending them home, as lids
been done every where else. He evident
ly has a most important mission to fulfill,
and the government manifestly 'expects
the bloody arbitramdnt of the sand to be
necessary to its solution. The first step
taken is the formal demand made by Gen.
Steele. one of Sheridan's lieutenants, upon
the Imperial General fOr the surrender of
the rebel ordnance and. arms sold the
French by the rebels, and we regard, that
as but the beginning of the end. Unless
the signs of the times, both political and
military, prove singularly deceptive, it
cannot be long until Napoleon and Max
imillian will be notified that Mexico must
be allowed to adopt and maintain her
o . lfll form of government, and Sheridan
stands , in waiting to enforce it. It may
result in war with France; but we think
it will not. If it should, it would be-best
to accept it now than hereafter when
France and the Empire in Mexico shall"
have become much better prepared to
meet us in the field. It is evident that
this government'cannot be secure while
the :Nionroe doctrine is insolently defied
by the governments of the old world ; and
' it . will be the part of wisdom to grapple
with the foe before he has attained the
full measure of his, power. Maximilian
must—leave Mexico, or this government
must confess its inability to maintain its
own dignity by enforcing its long settled
policy of non-interference with the sister ,
governments of the continent: and if the
administration shall determine that now
is the time to act, the nation will cordally
sanction it and cheerfully bear every nec
essary sacrifice to sustain it.
THE Union State Committee will meet
to-day in Harrisburg, and-a call, will doubt
less be. issued for a State Convention. We
hope that the time fixed will not be later
than the last week of August, or the first
week of September at thearthest. - The
issues of the pending contest will, as here
tofore since treason culminated in rebel
lion, be made up by the enemies of the
administration or there would be none to
decide.' The course of the Union party is
so clear that a way-faring man need pot
err in seeking it. The administration of
President Johnson is to be sustained and
its wise and patriotic policy approved ;
and none will question that the devotion
of the State administration to the honor
and interests of the - Commonwealth, as
well as to the preservation of the Repub
lic, meets the hearty commendation of the
loyal men in every section.
• t
Candidates for Auditor General and Sur
veyor General are to be nominated; and
the tone of the Union journals points with
,unusual distinctness to the selection of
one or moriTof our battle scarred heroes.
Generals Selfridge and Hartranft and Col.
Naglee have been warmly urged by east
ern
,journals for one of the places.
,Of the
civilians named we notice Hon Join A.
Heistaud of the Lancaster Examiner for
Auditor General, and W. Harry Markle,
Esq., of Westmoreland, for Stkrveyor Gen
eral.
J. W. DE4L, Esq. has been re-appoin
ted Post Master Of Chambersburg for the
term of four years by President Johnson.
So accgtedly has he discharged the du
ties of the office during the last term that
his re-appointment was conceded by gen
eral consent, and the universal approba
tion of the people as manifested - in the
desire for his continuance, is a rare com
pliment to his effieency and fidelity as an
officer. It is but just to say that he emi
nently merits it, and we heartily join in
the geneml approval of hisre-appointment.
WE have recently received many let
ters from soldiers and their friends desi
ring discharges from service in the provi
sional corps retained of the Army of the
Potomac. In answer to all we would
state that the entire corps will be mus
tered out and discharged in a few weeks,
so that applications for individual dis
charges are useless.
. I iVE give in to-day's paper a communi-i
cation recommending Col: FrazdeJord.an, l
of Bedford county, for Governor. -Col. Jor- ,
dan has risen to distinction at the bar ,•
has served with great credit in the Sen
ate, and has given four years.to the ma ;
tary service—the last of which he'has
voted to the responsible position of Mili
tary Agent at Washington, rendering in-,
valuable aid to our Pennsylvania soldiers;
He would make a strong candidate aiad a
faithful and efficient Executive.
,Tiie annual report of the Female Medical Col
lege of Pennsylvania, just issued shows that, del
spite all prejudice and all opposition, the institu
tion is becoming as famous as it is useful. It IS
now in the sixteenth yew; of its existence. :It
has bad warm and earnest friends, with liberal
hands and ample purses, or it would long since
have sunk out +of existence. The outbieak of the
war swept away the feebler of the medical schoolii,
but the Female College has successfully with
stood the brunt. The class of 1864 i, comprised
twenty-three students. Of its graduates many
are . now in successful practice, and in various
parts of the country. When this 'school _WM
founded the medical education of a woman was
an untried experiment, regarded by many excel
lent people as a thing of questionable propriety.
Things now are materially changed
Ix last week's issue the name of W. Harry
Markle, Esq., - of Westmoreland, was given in,
connection with the Vnion nomination for Audi
tor General. We learn by a communication given
elsewhere that he will be pressed by the Union
-men of the Western counties for - Surveyor Gen
eral. He is a devoted and able Union man, And
his nomination would be gratefully received in the
Western portion of the State.
WE devote most of the first page of to•day's pa
per to the eloquent oration of Gen. Howard de
livered at Gettysburg on the 4th inst.; the brilliant
poem of Col. Halpin (Miles O'Riley) and a Patri
otic letter from President Johnson, addressed to
the Committee at Gettysburg.
M. EDGAR - KING, Esq., has returned from the
Fultonrkepubtican, and is succeeded by E. B.
Beirman, Est.
WE are indebted to Hon. Thaddeus Stevens and
Hon. A. H. Coffruth for valuable public documents.
WASEINGT9N
The Trial of Jeff Davis—The Bodies of the
Executed Conspirators-Trim of Miss
, Harris—The Army in the District—The
Crops—New Mode of Selling Mules—
Dealth of the President.
Correspondence of the Franklin Repository.
' WaainscroN Cirf,•July 15th, 1865.
We are'now informed that Jeff Davis is soon
to be brought to this city, where he will be tried,
as most people think and wish; before a military
commission. The attorneys of Davis have made
application to the Secretary of War asking per
mission to bo all Owed to' visit Jeff at Fortress
Monroe, and also that his trial take place at an
early day. They were informed that no commu
nication would be allowed between Davis and
his counsel until he be brought to this city, and
that a trial should take place as soon as possible.
The court room at the Penitentiary is being fitted
up for some purpose, and froueihe preparations
making and the gossip of well informedpersons,
we opine that he Will be tried there, and as one
of the chief instigators of the murder of Mr. Jlc
coin. There is no doubt but that the government
has now in its possespon eviden.".3 against him,
unknown to the outside world, which willcou
vict him in short order. - 1
The bodies of Mrs. Surratt, Harold, Atzeroth
and Payne still rest in the graves to which they
were consigned immediately after the execution.
The friends of these four persons have receivod
rio-aseuranee that they wilt be <1.U...r0d np..
Mudd, Arnold, O'Laughlin and Spangler Still
remain confined in the Penitentiary. Some think
the reason is that they may perhaps be put upon
the stand when the trial of Davis or Dr. M'Cul
lough comes off. These prisoners have greatly
improved in health and spirits since the trial.
The trial of Miss Harris for-the murder of
Burroughs, in the Treasury Department, is nearly
concluded. The plea that she shot him while la
boring under a temporary fit of insanity, arising
from a real or imaginary wrong, is .pretty well
substantiated by medical and other testimony.
,Her _defence hris been ably conducted, and the
general impression is that she will be acquitted,
some think without the jury leaving the, box.
There is much sympathy expressed for her, and
the court room is daily crowded with ladies. We
do not, however, think the taste of ladies who sit
there listening to the evidence very refined, and
especially wondler that parents allow their daugh
ters of fifteen aini sixteen to visit the court room
as they have been doing at this trial. It certain
ly can do them no good, and on the acquittal of
Miss Harris we should not be surprised to hear
of some of them; procuring , shooting-irons and
blazing away at lims poor• devil for the fun of
the thing.
Very little of the army remains in this District,
hardly a respectable corps - division. On this ac
'count the city is very dull 'and from present ap
pearances and the rush of Southerners here, it
looks as if the city would ere long fall back into
that dull, dead state for which it was noted be
fore the 'war.
Hon. Isaac Newton is daily in receipt of infor
mation from all sections of the countshowing
that the crops of the present year areAnuch lar
ger than any previous year, especially the crops
of hay, corn and potatoes. The hay crops will
be fully one-third larger than any previous year.
A new mode of selling mules is to be tried by
the Quarter Master General. Brevet Brig. Gen.
Ekin invites sealed proposals until August Ist for
'the purchase of 2,300 mules in lots of 50 and 100
each at Pittsburg, Harrisburg, Wilmington and
Washington. The mules will be put aside, each
lot by itself, and will be free for the inspection of
bidders at the places named ten days prior to
August Ist.
The President has entirely recovered his health
and is now devoting all his time to the vast amount
of business: that has accumulated on his tesk dur
ing his illness.' Delegations and visitor; still be
siege the house from morning to night. S. c.
THE - NEXT GOVERNOR.
To theEditori of the Flakkiin Repositor,
I have observed that several of the leading cit
izens of our State have been publicly recbmmend
ed by their friends as suitable persoesio be pre
sented to the Union Convention, as candidate for
its nomination`for Governor.
Among the claim, urged in behalf of those gen
tlemen, that of locality isprominently set forth.
I accept it as having much force, and assert it as
peculiarly our own.
This section of the State is strangely overlooked
in making selections for the bestowment of State—
or Nationaftonors. That it is important enough
in the Commonwealth need nei be argued.
- But something else is wanted than locality to
commend a candidate to the people of Petussyl
vania at this momentous period. Never before
was it so important to hunt out carefully a man
fitted to the high position of administering the
affairs. of this great Commonwealth, burdened
now with debt and groaning with unavoidable
taxation. Locality: has its gaims,.public service
in the cabinet or the field has its claims, but these
alone are insufficient. Locality may lack every
other qualification; public service may not be ac
companied. with Integrity, industry or capacity.
But honesty, energy, ability are the requisites de.
mended imperatively by the - financial condition of
the State, and,by the influence !Nub she is to
exert over the councils and policy of the nation.
A mere politician Worn answer, letihie orthodoxy
be never so pure 'and his intellect never so bril
liant. 'Wisdom and good management in our
Executives are more needed now than the more
shining but less sub4antial qualities, which often
:03
mislead us in the choiceof ur rulers, belt - seldom
do so in our private conce . , '
h i r
I believe, wh il e 'e hay especial claims as to
locality,. that, we h e also, most fortunately the
man. One who had ample experience in pub
lic affairs, who is well knoWn throughout the
State, who had ample experience in business af
fairs; whose ability is concededby political friend .
'and foe, whose honesty is without spot or ques
tion ; a gentleman of industry, of excellent busi
ness habits, of firmness, who would administer
affairs of the State prudently,econoutically, wise
ly. I refer to Col. Fri - India Jordan, of Bedford,
and am confident that the people of this Congres
sional district will endorse my 'declarations, and
labor to secure his nomination. FRANKLIN
CHASILIERSTILTG, July 18, teal
DOES IT PAY!
To the Edam of the Franklin Rrposit' ory
In 1862 the ministers of Chambershurg, at a
weekly ministerial meeting, called up the subject
of intemperacce, and resolved to take a financial
view of the great evil. They appointed a com
mittee of two to inquire of the proper authorities
to obtain facts and report. Their report was as
follows—allowing three-fourths expended by the
county for Jail, Poor House and criminal courts
as the results of intemperance, which 'is below
the real result:
EXPENDITURES
Poor House ....
Prison
Criminal Courts
LICENSE INCOME
Taverns.
Restaurants
Distilleries
$7, 826 ,
$7,826 expended over the gain, or in other words,
the taxpayers of Franklin county fire paying that
much in taxes to afford the sellers of strong drink
the privilege and profit to supply.strong drink;
to make men drunkards; to tempt young men
and boys into the snares of intemperance; to de
stroy the Pe' ace and quiet of families; td unfit a
class of men for business and usefulness, and S
piny to fill scores of graves with drunkards. Can
the working and business men of this county of
ford to pay $7,826 in addition to their other high
taxes ?
Can it financially or humanely- wise, or good
policy, to give their influence by legislation or by
petition sto keep up such a useless expenditure of
money I Surely every financier will say nay.
W. MABRY MARKLE, ESQ.
To the Editors of the .D-arthlin Repository
In your issue of 12th July, you say that W.
Harry Markle, Esq., of Westmoreland, is urged,
as a candidate for Auditor General. Mr. Mar
kle's name is pressed -14 the nomination of Sur:
reyor Central and is meeting a warm response in
the West. All recognizing the facrthatthe name
of Markle, which by its sacrifices for and labors
iu, has been a tower of strength to the Union cause
in the West, never yet bas been associated with
an office. 'This, in connection with the high pro
fessional ability and excellent character he sus
tains as a gentleman of honor and integrity, seems
to be concluding all in favor of Mr. Markle for
that place. ONE IN TUE WEST.
PERSONAL.
—Got. Curtin is at Saratoga in search of health
Fie wilt be absent several weeks.
Kroorson Etheridge, of Tenneitiw, has.
been arrested at Columbus, Kentucky.
—The health of Davis is said to be better now
that at any other time since his imprisonment.
—Gen. Dick Coulter, says the Sunbury Herald,
is quite unwell. His old Wilderness wound has
broken nut.
—William T. Avery, ex-member of Congress
from Tennessee, was pardoned on Tuesday weak
by the President.
—Ex-Governor Letcher has been released on
parole, on condition that he go to his home, in
Virginia, and remain there subject to the order
of the President.
—Hon. 0. N. Cooley, of lowa, bag been appoin
ted Commissioner of Indian Affairs in place of
Mr. Dole, resigned,
—„Ex-Senator Yulee, and acting Governor Atli
son, of Florida, have been arrested, and con
fined in Fort Pulaski.
—Judge Wm. Marvin, formerly of Key Wert,
has been appointed Provisional Governor of Flori
da by the President.
- —The degre of L. L. D. was conferred on Pre
sident Johnson by Columbia College, New York
city, at its recent Commencement
—An Augusta paper says it understends that
Gen. Tombs has succeeded in making his way on
of the country, and is now in Cuba.'
7-General James L. Selfridge has been ap
pointed Assessor of Internal Revenue, in the 11th
District of Pennsylvania. A better appointment
could not have been made.
—Senator Wallace and Representative Boyer,
of Clearfield, have been unanimously renomina
ted.—ln boring for oil in Clearfield, salt" in
stead of "oil" was struck" at 760'teet.
—Mrs. Douglas, the widow of the late Senator,
made two personal attempts to obtain from the
President a reprieve for Mrs. Surratt, bat in each
case was firmly but courteously denied.
—Secretary Seward is quite restored to . health,
the splint having by order of his surgeds been
removed from his face, leaving very slight traces
of the original accident and the subsequent as
sault. •
—Major-Gen Sherman was publicly received at
Columbus, Ohio, last week. In the course of an
address be indorsed Gan. Cox, and for himself, de
clined in advance all Gubernatorial or Presiden
tial honors.
--General Lee is said to be writing a history
of the - campaigns in Virginia, from the time when
he took command of the reble army after the bat
tle of Seven Pines down to the surrender of that
army in May last.
—Professor McCullough and General Thoft. A.
Barris, of Tennessee, have been arrested and
taken to Washington. The former was head of
the torpedo and infernal machine bureau of the
rebel Government.
—Mr. Stanton is very well, even hearty, and
as attentive to his official duties as if he intended
to stay in his Department till be concluded to re
sign—an event which he does not contemplate,
nor the President desire. •
, —A colored woman, in conversation with a
lady just before Davis was caught, expressed her
confidence that Jeff.. would be taken, sayingl—
itien wife will ' peach' onlim for a hundred
thousand dollars"' " Oh, that is impossible." re.
turned the lady. " Oh, no, there is nothing im
possible with them folks; if they will sell their
children for two or three hundred dollars, I guess
they'll sell a husband or.a wife for a hundred
thousand dollars."
,--The long-promised volume of Mr, Buchanan
is now in the hands of the printers, and will be
published in fine style by the Appleton's, the cel
ebrated New York publishers. Itivill be a full
3iatory of the last Administration, from J. B.'s
•
July 19, 1865.
•
own notes, wri*n by himself, in:the t montbs of
classic quiet at Wheatland, while his theory that
the Government could not protect itself from an
nihilation, was being tried at the cost of precious
blood and life on the field of battle. It will be a ,
work of some fire hundred pages duodecimo.
gives us pleasure to_ record -the appoint
ment of Col. Horatio G. Sickel as Health Officer
of Philadelphia. Governor Curtin has displayed
his characteristic regard for our brave soldiers
by this selection. Col. Sickel entered the service
in 1861 at the head of one of the Pennsylvania
Reserve Regiments, and most bravely and worth
ily did he follow the fortunes of that gallant or
ganization through all the trying segnes of the
war until its shattered remnants were disbanded
in 1864. Col:Siekel again took the field, in that
year, at the bead of one of the Union League re
giments, and while commanding it received a se
rious wound. Such men have a claim to the-ho
nors and emoluments of civil life which cannot
be too generally recognized.
IliLI TANN INTELLIGENCE.
—Henry A Wise has made application to the
military authorities for a restoration of his for.,
mer estates near Norfolk, with rather a poor
prospect of succeeding.
—During the' last week there were released
from prism stations 591 rebel prisoners, making
a total of 43,391 discharged by President John
son. There are now none but sick prisoners
—Gen. Hancock and staff will remove their
headquarters to Baltimore on Friday'or Satur
day, when the General will assume command of
the Middle Department. The troops of the First
Army corps will be removed from Camp Stone
man to some point in Maryland, probably near
Monocacy Junction. In a very short time there
will be no troops in the vicinity of Washington
but the bare garrison of the city.
$5,297
1,713
2,626
-$9,636
81,260
250
200
—The Provisional Rebel Convention at Mont
gomery, whose are'hiveg were captured byGen.
Wilson, intended to .call the " Confederacy" the
"Republic of Washington." This proposition
was defeated by one vote. Washington's' name
;vas therefore saved the discredit of being spew :
gor to the Rebellion designed to overthrow the-
Union which be fought so hardto establish. The
Montgomery conclave met in the days when their
ambition was full blown;.tuid nothing short of the
possession of Washington would ever permit
them to make peace with the North.
—Miss Oars Barton, daughter of Judge Bar
ton, of Worcester, Mass., who has obtained na
tional repute by publishing a list. of missing sol
diers, and by her heroic deeds to the wounded in
battles, and even under lire, left Washington last
week, on a government vessel, with a party, for
the PurpOse of enclosing the area of ground at
Andersonville, where so many Federal prisoners
perished from want and exposure, and of putting
up head-boards at their graves. She conceives
that she has a suitable list of the deceased, and
has accordingly obtained seventeen thousand Iliad
boards for" the purpose. May she be rewarded
with perfect success.
—The Richmond correspondent of the New
York Herald says: "Gen. Joseph E. Johnston,
in a letter to a friend in this city, remarks that
the southern cause could not have failed with
anybody else but Jeff. Davis as its leader. That
opinion seems now to gain ground very rapidly,
and public sympathy with him is diminishing in
proportion as this fact is being realized. Colonel
Northrop, Davis' Commissary General and pecu
liar protege, condemns without reserve the policy
which he pursued. The Colonel says that so dis
gusted did he become with his whole course that
he refused to speak to him for nearly twelve
months before the evacuation of Richmond. •
JusricE
'—Gen. Torbert, commanding the Army of the
Shenandoah, brings the rebels up to the mark.
A Captain Somers and a rebel lieisttaant, after
the order proclaiming as outlaws all persons found
in arms after Lee's surrender, :attacked some of
our soldiers in the vicinity of Nei/ Market, in
the Valley of the Shenandoah, fired: , upon them,
robbed them of their effects and of their horses,
Gen. Torbert issued special orders that if caught
and recognized, they should not be brought with
in the limits of the camp, but - Should be shot
wherever caught. The order was executed to
the letter, upon the above officers, last Tuesday
a week, by . the commandant of the forces near
Mount Jackson, Va.
—A rebel war department dispatch lately dis
covered in Richmond adds force to,,statements
heretofore made to the effect that Robert E. Lee,
recently commander of the Rebel Army of Nor
thern Virginia, is the person really responsible
for the burning of- cotton and tobacco in Rich
mond and setting fire to that city at the time of
the rebel hegira. It also shows that the evacua
tion was contemplated at least six weeks before
it took place. The dispatch, which is dated Feb
ruary 22, is from Gen. Breckinridge, then rebel
Secretary of War, to General-Ewell, and advises
Ewell to see Gen. Lee for the purpose of receiv
ing definite instructions regarding the lattar'ii or
der for the burning of cotton, tobacco, &c.
—The State authoritaes are arranging to pro
cure the names of all, Pennsylvania soldiers Who'
perished. at any or all'of-the rebel prisons, and
who were buried at such localities. Wherever
the marks correspond with the records of the
prison, and there is ro doubt of the identity of
the remains, the same wilt be published, and at
the proper time transportation will be issued for
the removal of the bodies. Active efforts will at
once be made to gather all the facts of importance
in connection with the Pennsylvanians buried at
Andersonville. A State agent will be despatched
to that locality fully instructed to examine the con
dition of the graves; secure full 'particulars con
cerning their marks, and make such other ar
rangenients as will facilitate the removal of these
honored-remains with the least po'ssible trouble
to the surviving relatives of the dead and as little
necessary expense to the State. -
—President Johnson has divided the entire
country into military divisions. Gen. Meade com.t
mands the Division of the Atlantic. Under him
Gen. Hooker commands New 'England, New
York, and New Jersey; Gen. Hancock commands
Delaware, Pennsylvania, Western Maryland,
and West Virginia; Gen. Schofield North Caro-
lina, and Gen. Gillmore South Carolina. Gen.
Sherman commands the Division of the Missis
sippi. Subordinate to him are Gen. Ord, com
manding Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan;
Gen. Pope, commanding Wisconsin, Missouri,
lowa, Minnesota, Kansas, Nebraska, Dakotah,
and Montana; and General Reynolds, commanding
Arkansas and the Indian Territory. Gen. Sher
idan commands the Division of the Gulf: Sub
ordinate to him are Gen. Slocum, commanding
Mississippi; - Gen. Canby, commanding Louisiana
and Texas; and Gen: - Foster, commanding Flor
ida. Gen. George H. Thomas commands the
Division of the Tennessee. Under him are Gen.
Stoneman, commanding Tennessee; Gen: Palmer,
commanding Kentucky; Gen. Steedman, in Geor
gia; and Gen. Wood in Alabama. Gen. Halleck
- commands the Division of the Pacific. Gen. G
Wright, under him, commands the Territories
north of California; and Gen. McDowell com
mands California and the Territories east of it.
General Augur commands the District of Colum
bia and Eastern Maryland.
THE Atlanic telegapti cable has beim satis
factorily tested on board the Great Eastern, a
message having been sent through the wire is a
minute and a quarter.
T wErr y thousand persons have died of the
cholera at afecca,in Arabia, and one - thousand at
Al exan d r ia, in Egypt.. The disease *moving
westward.