iranklin 44„eposiforg.
Wednesday, 311a7 17. 1865
NATIONAL AFFAIRS
_ Lieut. Gen. Taylor and the army under
his command surrendered. to Gen. Canby,
at Citronelle, Miss., on the 4th inst. This
surrender disbands the last army of the
rebelliAn, and "vhinally closes the war
East of the Mississippi. West of the river
it 'would seem the rebel Gen. Kirby Smith
grill proposes to carry on the war. In a
sounding proclamation he announces the
surrender of Lee, and falls upon his men
to stand to their colors, assures - them that
their resources are ample for a protracted
strnggle till foreign aid arrii . es or till they
can secure the terms a protid people should
demand. When the 4tbrorps of:Thomas'
army. - twenty odd thousand strong, gets
to Texas, it is highly probable that Gen.
Kirby Smith" will view things in tfie light
Lee and Johnston did here, and surrender
- without waiting for foreign aid. 'ha the
best terms he can get.
The guerilla warfare which was to be
revived against us after our Southern
brethren had died in the last ditches of
the regular war, and which so terrified the
souls of the patriotic men among us who
__declared the South could never be con
quered, appears to be accommodating it
self to the new condition of things very
eaSily and quietly. Since the surrender'
of the main armies of treason, noted gue
rilla hands in different parts of the coun
try are coining in almost daily and sur
rendering. The truth is the guerilla bu- •
siness is becoming, very unsafe just at this
time. The Generals commanding most
of our mepartments have issued orders
declaring gueitas outlaws. and not.enti
tled to,the privileges of prisoners of Tar.
This insures them a short trial and speedy
hanging, and divests their operations of
the interest and romance so delightful to
--young female. secesh. A vigorous course
of this kind, and making the inhabitants
of every section responsible in person or
estate for every outrage perpetrated among
them, unless they deliver up the guilty
parties, ot give information against them.
will soonfsettle the bug-bear of- guerilla
warfam.
In the opinion of the government at
least, the war appears to be so well set
tled, that , the, larger part of the army
is about to be disbanded, and on its
march to Washington for that purpose.
Before the first of June an army of
200,000 men will be concentrated alound
Washington, when a grand review will Ice
held and a sight witnessed which may not
be again seen in a lifetime. . A sight which
will convey to the world t tangible idea
and a wholesome respect for the power
and resources of a people who in fotir
years have raised a half a dozen such ar
ades and equipped and supported them
as no other armies have been since war
prevailed on the It is said that an
army of 160,000 men, divided into four
Corps of 40,000 each, Will be retained for
present=the Each Corps is to have its
just proportion of Infantry, Cavalry and
Artillery. and_be a complete ariny init self.
For this purpose will be retained file reg
ulars, Veteran Reserve . Corps, Hancock's
Ist Corps, most of the , ',eavalry and the
-negro troops. The difference of expense
between the support of 160.000 men and
500,000 will be very visible.
The most notable event that has occurred
since the , surrenders of Lee and Johnston,.
has been the capture of Jeff. Davis with
his family and Staff at Irwinsville, Geor
gia. His camp was surprised and the
while party taken at daybreak on the
morning of the 13th, by Col. Pritchard. of
the 4th Michigan Cavalry. Whether the
ireasurf of which he plundered the Rich
mond Ranks, estimated by Geu. Meek
at from $7,000,000 to ?13,000,0W
in
been recovered the dispatch does not
state. It is to be hoped for the sake of
the brave fellows who captured him. that
it is, as it will give them an additional
t. .
VOO,OOO in gold, to the 1000,000 in green
tacks offered by 'the government. For
the next few months Davis will occupy
more prominent position before the world
than at any time heretofore, then it is to
he hoped by a dishonorable death will
fittingly enda dishonorable
• f:
In various ways. the ,poliey of recon
.
:strue,tion proceeds rapidly in the rebel
lious States. Several , orders removing
'restrictions on trade have lately been is
sued and Northern 'enterprise and capital
are filiding their way'South largely. ;,In
Richmond, - Petersburg. Raleigh amtliin
in Charleston,large store.,s are being open
ed, and notwithstanding the alleged-lwv
}erty• of the people are doing a thriving
business. Every where the Government
is acting in a most liberal manner towa.xds
the people, eneouragingtheMlO return to
their farms, their desks and !their work
shops. and giving them eveiy assistence
and protection. In Virginia. President
Johnson by a late Executive order. has
recognized Francis H. Pierpout as Gover
nor of Old Virginia. although he was elec
ted by and his authority extended over a
very small portion of the State. Never
thelesb it was the loyal portion and Will •
be the leaven of the whole. By the same
order the President has annulled and made
vOid all the acts, proceedings and con
tracts made under the Confederate State
• Government. and Virginia bas now to
commence just where she left oft' on the
' 17th day of April, IMlliwhen the ordinance
of secession was pase'd. The interval
'between that time and this to be a blank.
The Secretaries of the different bureaus
of the Government. are ordered to put in
force the laws of the 'United States per
taining to their departments, tints the
whole machinery of the Government will
"soon be again extended over Virginia. in
North Carolina the people are holding
large meetings and repudiating the Con
federate Governor Vance,. and insisting
that a new election _be held, and in the
majority_of instances recommending W:
W. Holden, Editorof the Raleigh Stan
dard as the Union candidate for Gover
nor. Mr. Holden is a consistent uni o n
man and was supported as the Union can
' didate for Governor under Rebel rule
against Vance, but was defeated by gross
fraud and violence. State conventions
will no doubt be soon balled in both Vir
ginia and North Carolina. and new Con
stitutions framed abolishing Slavery,
which will thet6 e submitted to ) ,the peo
ple, when it ,w be seen whether our
Southern brell*n have learned anything
from the •s - a r. Altogether, every thing in
the Southern States looks more favorable
than was expected after so long and bitter
a war, and we may reasonably hope that
no great length of time will elapse before
peace and prosperity shall again reign
Over us.
In Europe, the assassination of Mr. Liu
coin created universal sorrow-and indig
nation. The press everywhere hayed de
nounced the crime in unmeasured terms,
and the governments of the different
countries have formally expressed their
grief and tendered their sympathy to the
family of the Presidented to the Ameri
can people.
Our relations with Europe may not he
long so friendly. Invevei.shonld the gov
ernment. encou age the - lie emigration
scheme to Mexico. This i 4 ostensibly for
a mere peaceable settlement in the state
of Sonora, bat it is not usual to employ as
agents for obtaining peaceable emigrants .
general and military dfficers of all grades,
nor to pay the said emigrants 51000 in
gold 'and to 'allow them to possess the
land where they settle. The truth is, ad
vantage is about to be taken of the close
of our war to caltst, for the Mexican-ser
vice. the adventirrouS l spirits who will be
discharged from our armies. and to use
them to drive the French out of Mexico.
The Frenchlnvasion has been regarded
jealously Worm whole'people, North and
South, and the success of the new emigra
tion scheme shows with what ease a cru
sade could be inaugurated to enforce the
Monroe doctrine. Already men are en
listing by hundreds and if the government
permits the emigration offices to remain
open. they will pofir such a - horde of
fierce-looking emigrants, into Mexico, as
will make Maximilian quake. if they do
not make him flee the countr . Young
men. however, who are desirous of taking
part in this enterprise should remember
that they go to a climate even .more
uu
healthy than mat of the southern States,
I that they will have no government like
their own to equip, clothe. feed and pay
them with unvarying regularit and liber
ality. commissious. Sanitary or Chris
tian, to muse theta tenderly wheu sick
and wounded and to care_ for them'
and above all, no great nation like their
own, with means as ample as its heart is
large. to pay all expenses. The proba
bility is the governMent will-have to ex
presAy disavow the scheMe and all con
nected With it in order to avoid trouble
with other nations. Therefore it Would he
well enough for every man to give the sub
ject due consideration before committbig,
himself in an\ u;11.
PRESIDENT JOHNSON
With sublime impudence the Democrat
ic press has undertaken to patronize Pres
ident Johnson. They have maidenly dis
covered that he was formerly a Democrat
--that it is but a short time since he abjured,
the old Faith. and that from' the length of
his associations with the Democratic par
ty, he lutist still have a leaning towards it.
He is duly ci edited With all the Jacksonian
attributes, and ;is coolly informed that if
he will allow the Democratic patty to con
trol his policy he may hope to attain as
high a position in the Democratic calendar
of saints as Jackson himself. With a
pleasing assurance, ,the policy which will
be about the correct thing to satisfy these
new and faithful friends is mapped out
-for him. so that there may be no mistake.
He has only to reject the radical men of
the party he now acts with—otherwi , e the
men who throughout the war pr the
Union have been most unwavering in their
support of the government and in their
devotion to the great principles. the full
and energetic development of which. made
the war a success. He has only to repu
diate the solemn pledge lie made at _Bal-7
timore, to support the platform iu which
these same great principles are embodied.
He has tinlY to pursue snch,L polity of re
constraction as will bring back To power
iv the South the same men who denoun
ced, proscribed and drove him fi gm his
- home for hits adherence to his country and
his flag. The men who for friar long
and smowful years have battled against
both—who now are only converts to the
right, not by conviction. but by' force of
arms:i In the North he is only required
to take into his confidence the men who
denounced him tint:tugboat the war as a
demagogue. boorish tailor and a renegade
Democrat' who sneered at hint as a trai
tor to his section: and ascribed the most
debased motives as flue-cause of his fideli
ty to the government. Finally, he is (-x
-is eted to take such measures as will it-.
stol e Slavery---that gigantic crime against
God and man —and with it the - Democratic
party as it
.. stood at the beginning of the "
relfellioti. When he shall have accom
plished all this, he will, be again worthy
to lie received into the communion of the
Democratic fold. Ile will then have Ty-
Icrized the Republica ,party.
lint it Mr. Johnson, :ts insisted on, a
second Jaekson, then it would seem unite:
t . nnitte for these newly g alvanized friends.
One of the strongest characteristics of
Jackson was that lie never tbrgot his
friends nor forgave his enemies. If this
trait is predominant with Johnson, what
naftst he think of those who have spar e d
no abuse of hint while a fugitive from
home during the terrible years of our
civ
il struggle, and who are more than sus
pected of being strongly in sympathy with
men who would have included him in the
assassination of the late President. Our
estimate of the character of President
Jackson is a high one. We believe him
to have been au honorable. honeSt and
truer patriotic man, such a man indeed
as would, if he had survived to these days.
been found With President Johilson in op
_position to the pieseut miscalled Demo
cratic Party. Secession with him would
haCe found no mole
,sj-ropatily or favor
th n did Nullification. .13elieving this, and
believing as is alleged, that Mr. Johnson
possesses the firmness and patriotism of
jranhtin litpositorp, ,eliainbtroburg,
Jackson. we never expect to see him de
sert the path he marked out for himself,
four pears ago in opposition to what then
seemed•for him, every consideration of
interest and policy, all the blandishments
of the Democratic party to the contrars''
notwithstanding.' And so far from pre
ent indications the.- - e blandishments do
not appear to have had numb ftreet upon
him.
In alibis public utterances he has per
sistently recorded Itis7 determination to ,
deal with traitors and treason according
to law, granting them no more latitude
nor no more mercy than the extreme let
ter of the law allows. In all public
acts he has adopted the same course. By
a recent Executive order he has declared'
null and void all acts. 'ploceedings and
contracts of the rebel government of lir
giuia. Conf.c4erate and State. since the day
the ordinance of secession was passed. on
the 17th of April. 1861 . . - to the present'
time.' He lies refused fo recognize the
disinterested pati lot ism o f tbe_wen wli 0
were hold" and insolent rebels until after
Richmond surrendered and the armies of
Lee and Johnston were captured, and who
'then magnanimously offe'red to call the
rebel Governor back to Richmond and
reorganize the rebel State government.
Instead he has given his confidence to
that little band of loyal men who had
shown themselves faithful among the
faithless, who during the gloomiest period
of the war assembled at Alexandria, or
ganized a government and elected Fran-
cis 11. Pierpont Governor. - By the or
der' above rcfered to. Governor Pierpont
now;LSAlllllt> control of all of old Virginia
not included in the state of West Virginia.
lie is a man. who like the President him
self. has been tried by, the tire of persecu
tion, who by a common sympathy will re
cognize men_ who have come through the
nine t rials. and faint theirs will form a Stati
government truly loyal. Yet President
Johnson refuses to coincide with his new
Democratic advi;en, n hose opinions are OR
seemed. that both the Pierpont giv ern
ment. and the government of the new
Stale of West Virginia are unconstitution
al. In' North Carolina and otFet states.
President Johnson will probably - appoint
provisional Govt rnots from really loy
al rtn:n. until such times as the States are
ready to adopt new constitutions abolish
ing slavery and reptnlia bra the heresy. of
secession.
In view of all that _President Yohnsou
has-sntfereit done and is still doing. ti.ere
, eemslittle room for the Democratic par
ty to hope to make:(' , liverk of him, and
until Vey-cc more indication of I. ,lm 'a
present. shall p,•rfectly
'CITE II kNI) OF GOD IN TILE
We clef ote at• first page thi, tt eel:. al
most exeln , ivel3 to the le-publication nr
this timely article. front the min t he
Bey. Dr. Conrad. It was originally writ
ten immediately after the battle of Gettys
bang. iu July, the erisi, period of the
war. It was prepared in it, present form:
kt the request of the mend ter, of the Plire
naho,mian society of Pennsylvania t'ol
lege. and designed for delivery beki . re
them and. - on their behalf. in Chi i s t's
Gettysburr, on the eveningof the
19th of November, Ixlll. the day of the
dedication- - of the National Cemetery by
Pa esidenti Lincoln. Its contemplated de
y, having been providentially preven
ted. it ha, been publi , hed in the Eva nyel
kid Quarterly Review of the Lutheran
Chi - iteh. edited by Prof. M. L. Sites - ter, of
lvania College. No change has
1.11 made in any of flu-positions taken,
am in any sentiment expressed. A few
vet bal alterations, such as the addition of
the victoriesgained since it was composed. ,
constitute:ol the modifications of the orig
inal manns - Cript. This explanation is ne
cessary. to enable our readers to see with
what accuracy. the positions taken by
Dr. Conrad haveLbeen sustained by - the
developments of Providence, and how coin
'newly his prognostications. based upon
the philosophy of history and the word
of God. Mere been verified. The charac
ter and value of this article, may be learn
ed from the estimate which has been put.
upon it, by several of our religious totem-,
poraries. The editor of the Lutheran:
toad iii.Nsian«ry, of Philadelphia; says.z
" The article by Dr. Conrad is very sea
sonable. It is the best thing he has ever
written." And a correspondent of =the
Lutheran Oharrcr. of Baltimore, sitys.of
it : This is.a goon, substantial, histori
earpaper, that will be read in after years
with profit. Dr. Conrad has thrown a
good deal of his the and energy into his
article. and has spoken out fearlessly and
truly,' We commend it to our readers,
assured thatit. perusal will afford them
both instt uction and profit.
E demo it lint an act ofju , t ice to Hon.
Thaddellz. Steven, to say that we have
letter from him any connec:l
tint with the emonrit tee that was appoin
ted at Ibirrisbmg recently to gli,to "Wash
ington-and tell Pre-ideni Jeffinson wha t
every body knew and a , sure him of what
nobody disputed—viz: that the people
mean to ffi-ve his administration a coldial
suppmt. Mt. Stevens was in Washing
ton on other business, and wa , , present, at
the ceremony as a spectatoemerel.%.• We
have not a-t yet received a letter Wont
en.. Cameron disclaiming all responsibil
ity for the Quixotic movement; but from
his known sagacity we doubt not that
some imperiled office-holders or importu
nate office-hunters procured lii, appoint,
meat as Omit man. with the apparent
sahctity of a ward meeting, n hen he was
absent and sick, and lie fulfilled the fool
ish mission on the prieciple that an emet
ic is monetimes prefirable to at_spell of
sickness. We confidently expect to bear
shortly that he is innocent, of the concep
tion of the affitir. and that oilier boys
Played i marbles on their own account.
made him,stakeholder and he had to de
liver to somebody. As we don't confess
Gen. Cameron a fool. we don't hold him
responsible for his merely formal connec
tion with the committee. He showed his
appreciation of the awkwardness of his
position when addressing the President:
by disavowing - in advance' any intention
to accept office for any of the committee
or their relations—an eminently proper
saving clause under the circumstances.
We insist that prominent public men shall
not thus be dragged into follies by the
ambition. zeal or cupidity of designing no-
bodies
TUE AIICWYLUEDERER CAPTtiRED
Editorial Orrte*pontlenee of the Er,liiklin Itera,itory.
PHILADELPHIA, May ' l7l,
The triumph of the geveretnent is com
plete 'by the capture of Jefferson Davis,
the chief of the rebellion. Yesterday his
arrest was officially announced. and all
seemed to rejoice. Strongly as the people
_were disposed some weeks ago to mark
the restoration of peace and union by, no
retributive blood, the demand seems well
nigh univcr.4l now that Jefferson Davis
shall die. Bur a little more than four
years ago his passage to Montgomery to
assume the provisional Presidency of the
•
S(Y-called Confederacy was one continuous
. ()vat iou.l He was greeted in every village,
feted-in 'every city, and ir,seemed that the
crime of treason was about to be n reathed
with the - garlands of victory, and rear its
hideous, deformity over the ruins of the
Republic. To-day he. is a captive, with
none so imor as to do him reverence.
Even his body-guard, that started with
him in his flight, seems to have attai', lied
him. and the same - people who shouted
hosannas when he approached the guilty;
sceptre. now look out fro&I their .untimely''
graves and withering desolation: end curse
the perfidy that made them their own and
their country's foes.
It is charged in an official prochunat bin
of the President that. Davis conceived ,(r
aided ire perfecting the conspiracy that
culminated in the assassination of Mr.
Lincoln. The grave accusation is made
on the strength of testimony Aresented
as in the possession of the gox l ernment.
This charge -will now he formally. made
before II cOMpetent tribunal, and if sus
tained. the Nation and the World will not
only sanction but demand his death an
atonement for so revolting a crime It
cannot be stripped of its appalling guilt
by the concession of belligerent rights. It
is a crime as much against the laws of
war as the liiws of peace, anti there can
be no refuge front its penalty.
While all confess that Davis deserves
to die a thou and deaths if it were pOssif
bk. I tru.st that there will be propriety
and fitness in his ti lid; condemnation and
execution. He is not amenable to the civ
il laws on the charge of treason. Not
merely by our exchanging prisoners, sen
ding and accepting flags of truce and ma
ny other acts diefat,__J by humanity, have
we confessed the rebels belligerents, but
our courts and our highest officials have
declared them a belligerent power and
their State: at war with the government.
They are made public enemies, aliens to
the blessings of out-institutions, and they
cannot, in a legal sense be held astritit
ors. although judged by all the wOthil as
- moral tractricides. -. Public nee*sities,
alike in the prosecution of the war And in
the enforcement of its wise penalties for
treason, demanded the concession of bel
ligerent t ights to the great usurpation,
and thenceforth they became a common
enemy. and Davis. as theirchief, ceased
to be subject to the penalti'es of faithless
citizenship. But. although not traitors in
the : eye of the law, he. is stamped as nine
derer whether guilty of aiding and abet-
Ong the assoessination of Mr. Lincoln. or
not. and (;i-e'ry dictate of justice it , well
as of yolicy - seems to require that he
&honk' perish as an examplc to the civili
zed world.
I had long hoped that when the rebel
lion should dissolt e and Davis become a
captive. he might, he arraigned for the
Crowning ; crime of the war—the deliber
ate murder of our imprisoned heroes.—
It is no part of the indisputable history
of the bloody straggle of the Nation to
preserve its own life. that Davis and liis
leading ass-ociates inaugurated the syste
matic murder of -Union prisoners by ab
solute!i'starvation. and every cruelty that
fiendish ingenuity could event. It was
part of their system of warfare. It was
as,eamfully planned and as faithfully exe
cuted as the campaigns in the field. De
spairing of success by the sword they had
wantonly drawn, they made the cruelty
of the barbarian pal 6 before their studied,
relentless. savage murder of innocent cap
tives. It was not dictated by necessity
There were wholesome plain in the
South, where the poisonous inalarias
would not have been appointed to the cru
el work of spreading fatal disease among
our brave defenders. There was enough
to satisfy the demands of hunger. They
were not wanting in shelter and raiment,
such as would have been ample for the'
fulfillment orall the demandsof hmnanity
in war. Ihit with no necessity to plead in
extenuation of this measureless atrocity---
with no precedent outside of the haunts
of the most barbarous of the earth, and
witli no provocation or even the pretence
of retaliation, they doomed many tin a t .-
ands of our heroic soldiers to the 1111,st CX- -
tinkitt• to and lingering deallt, and
their nameless graves will be et ernal moo
unient.: of the infamy of the in , tirgents in
this war.
This revolting chapter in the history of
treason wit: made by Jefferson Davis. —•
lie is its sole author. He was- supreme in
powerdespotic as the Czar of Russia
himself. lII` commanded it and it was
dune. lied his hard heart reputed—had
he not been deaf to all the teachings of
humanity and justice, it would liot have
been so. He could have saved tliousands
ot'livc:s by the stroke of his pen. But lii
was ilwxora Ide in his fiendish purpose,
and it was pursued while treason had the
power to blot mankind with its unholy
deeds. For this the life of I)nvjs should
end in ignominy--hi: name should be
stamped with infamy. He should be
charged as the foe of justice—the arch
murderer of mankind; and by the laws of
war, which prcmonnci3 him accursed of
man and GrOd,Jie should be tried.condethn
ed anti executed as the monster of inhu
manity. The civilized world would re
cognize the fitness of the condemnation,
and treason would pass into history with
out a redeeming virtue to plead for its liv
ing or hallow the memory of its dead.
A. K. M.
THE Union men bf Washington county, Md.,
held a County Contenbon recently,-and after ex
pressing their grief at the assassination of Presi
dent Lincoln, they passed the following preaum
ble and resolution. and appointed,vigilance com
mittee, for etch district to enforce the same:
AND WHEHEAs. A con-ideraLle number of per
son; lett Washington County, in the earlier stagei
of the rebellion. and united with the outcast Jed:
Davis, and the hosts of murderers that hire fol
lowed his biddint7, who bare involved the count, y
in a delft of thunSands of millions, clod the Nation
in mourning, made graves for thonsands of our
young inch, and have finally reached the limit of
wickedness and of imam} in the a. ,, as6iiiation of
ottr'noble and jenient President and whereas,
we have hence With indignation of their proposed
return to our midst : ti erefore,•be it
Res°lull. That we can never submit to the
presence of these men, who, w Idle living under
the protection of the most benign governtuent iu
tin• world, and enjoy all its privileges,
left it to ranw tic•ir :it Ins in toe.t.ilities against it:
have fought for the establishment of a slave
eli
garehy-; haze insulted the flag which ha. alw:.*s
sheltered them, and have beretoame returned to
Ile only to pillage. burn and murder, and 'who now.
under• the Constitution, have forti•ited all rights
of eiti7enship, and who should also lone all claim
to Nocial tegy d and countenance.
Pitt: court-martial em iaged m the trial of the
Tartie , implicated iu the .is , ,rsiu. , tion plot iicreed
on Saturday'r o
that the pceedings should he puh
iistied, The examination of A‘itlic , ,ses was then
prom:cried with. The evidence showed that.
Booth had paid frequent visit; to Surrait's houQe.
and had private ititorvicws 'With Surratt, and al
'so with Mrs. Siirratt. It was' alp. shown-that
Dr. Mudd had iutrodueed Booth to a friend in
January last. and then accompanied the party to
Booth's room. xvhere v‘ hie and .ehrar. Nver , in
dillize,l in.
PERSONA 1.
pr,idott ti ! :‘t ex-Governur
Ailoq, nt South (:;trolma lonuor he eon
und..r arre,r
Bierd. of the Californiaßegiment,
killed the Rebel v.ho shot Colonel E. D. Baker at
the hattle of Btill's Bluff. Va. '
—Col; Ely S. Parker, General Urtiat'n Indian
and private Secretary, is. in 'Washington, fie in
of the parent blood of the Iroquois,
--Senator Harlan. Dow on a visit to lowa, will
return to Waahington on the 15th hot. to take
the portfolio of the Interior Departpient.
—The. Jinn. Isinic N. Arnold. ex-M. C., of
Chicago'nas acnepted the tw , dtion of Sixth Audi
tor of th:. Poet-Office Den.trrnienr. tendered him
a short time since. _ -
—Among the-x(4 , 4 - . 1 otficer w•ho ha:.• recently
surrendered thema•lces ut Chattanooga. ig C:ar
enee Prentice, ron 4 1 . -4 1'Orti..1 D. Prentu• or the
I,ollifiViN Journal. 4
—Maj. (=en. Sigel has teUdered hi resi , nation
which Vi'as accepted, and formed partnership with
the German newspaper, ",The Wecker, - in 13.‘1ti!
more. where the General will act as ride' editor.
The Ricker is a staunch and on.• of tin• fl.-
publican paper= in thy-1316n.
—General Wilson telegraphs that previous to
getting the official despatch offering a reward et
a hundred thousand dollars for Jeff. Darts. hP had
pin a price of one hundred ( { thousand dollars_in
gold on him, to he taken froin the gold'earried by
these fugitives. The makes !nearly a ? minter if
million in srern•bnrks upon him.
—The Post's Washington correspondent says:
Mr. Seward -it en well that he is expected td take
his place in -the Cabinet meetings in a few days.
The newspaper account , et the attempt to :Issas
situate him are generally incorrect. Paine. the
assassin,'had an opportunity to strike but one
How at Mr. Seward. who was at that imunent
sitting up in bed. The knife struck the swfdlina
over the fractured jaw. and did nut toueft the
throat. At thariinstam Robinson clutched false
froin behind, and did not let go his hold, though
llenvas stabbed four times. Mr. Seward rolled
.• •
off upon the floor. tbjaning Tt; Mr. Rub
inson ho owes his life. this berme soldier is. in
the hospital here. alikis doing well. though very
badly mounded. .711 r. Ser%ard now dictates the
foreign dispatches to Mr. Hunter.
—As the facts and eireumstanees which ope
rated mion the mind of Gen. Sherman. in his re-
cent treat) with (4i-n. Johnston become known,
there is less dispo'sition to censure him Mr the lat
itude taken He had Mitt had u long interview
ith President Lincoln, w herein the contingency
ofJohnstou's surrender was thoroughly canvassed.
nod the paramount intmession made by the Pres
ident Was that every possible magnanimity and
kindness was to be shvon the *Me, just so soon
as he should etre to la) down his arms. The
President prieularly desires that every cause of
irritation, : consistent with justice and national
honor, slaiftld he obviated. with a view of winning
back the affertions of the Southern people to the
old tide. rather than securing a forced and unwil
ling obedience to Federal rule. Ocu. Sherman
insists that hi; action was based upon this desir e
of the PrPsid4nt.
=--Hon..loseßh S. Fowler and Hon. David T..
Patterson have been elected United St ates Senators
for the Stateof Tennessee. Hon. Joseph S. Fow
ler:is about 42 years of age, a native of Steufien
yilfe, Ohio. He went to Tennessee in 1544, and
was appointed Professor olllaillinnaties In Frank
lin College, n'earNaght Cllr, witiA position he filled
with eminent ability. When tile rebellion broke
wit he proelanned;tiMsell an ardent supporter of
the gov eminent. tied was for putting. down trea
son with the bayonet. When Tennessee seceded
from the Union he left the State and went to
Springfield, M., to engage in the practice of law,
having qualified himself and determined yerirs
be
fore to pursue that profession. He remained
there nut ill Mandl, 1112. when Governor Johnsen'
gurry Wm the pi.isitton of Comptroller of the treas.
uryol Tenneswe, utter the "rebels had been dike-)
o ut H e al.,‘ a ' v. been anti-slavery. is a flir
wighrailieal, and is one of the tirat :4-11olai , of the
:•nutli. Ho I , ais uricand intimate-I)4.nd ,if his
(wile:L i m-. lion. David 11. Pat tei ;Old
rai4e6t otatides , .. of Tile President. lion.
ta T. P.itieiwn :diem 17, p-er , of - as , . a
el!i7t.ll 1C211111 , i1
of 111 , 111,1' jltliq , 01 the zqate. It stood h
L 41% Ili its daxite,t hour. and in all tie
trials awl i , orti. the poopli• uI East TO:1111•S , r
he kept the faith' Ile radienll3 . Union in poll
ties. u 1 , 1111.in-laW (bi .Jointsoli.
SUMMARY Of WAR' NEMVS
—A ruu i rrsu•w of ail the Ta u,
place iu a few (1u) , uu tho south bide of the Po
tomac, I Tpo,it , • Washington..
--Dispatch., from ludiaimpoli,st9 that liro‘le,
Mulligan and Iten-cy. leaders of the Sons of 1,11
erty, a ho were tom icte.l of treas....o.lc eonspit
acy some month , since. ii to Is- rxrewrd o n it,
19th, inst.
--The'Arney of the Potomac leas all arrived in
the tivfelirea, earth of the Pot oruttc,.and General
Meade has established his headquarteret at Fort
Albany. Sheridan's cavalry e.mrt. i. espeeted
Cheri , on Tele , tday Wedne , ela.t.
—The Sandusky netister says the rebelo ti n
prisoned on Johnson's 1.l ind have become.tited
of iniprisonment, and nit ol the twenty-eight
hundrbdcodfined there, all but about thirty-rite
hate asked pertnisedon to take the puniest, /mill.
—The order for nasteting out the Penns) a-
Ida troops shortly to arrive in the State, has been
fixed as : Those organized in the eantern
portion of the State, will be paid and mastered
out at Philadelphia tthose organized in the cen
tre, at Harrisburg, and those organized in the
western portion of the State at Pittsburg.
—Of the nearly twenty-four thousand rebel
prisoners at Point Lookout, all except two jiave
expressed a wish to take the oath of allegiance
:non as the oath ran be administered. They
will he sent to Richmond, in order to separate
for their homes. •
—About 150 rebels. lately belonging to the cora
l:lAA of Major clotler, snrrendered to Gen. San
burn, at Springfield, Mo., on Saturday week, and
took the oath o alleginee to the govern . ment.
Numbers of the rebelen. Price's men are also
e(,niiiu: in, ...nrr, , nderingi and taking the oath.
—The rehel Gen. Kirby Smith publishes a frani
lie appeal to his soldiers, dated Shret,eport.
April •21. announcing the wrrender of Lee. and
upon his troop, in the strongqt terms to
stand by.their Color, in thi, - 3 hour of advemity.
He sai•i • tliat tine flite of the nation depends upon
then:. that reiiiitireeA lire ample for a pro
tnieted grog , ;le till foreign aid arrives, or. at
t 111r* ran , oepr• terms of a proud
peopie
—lnformation ha's been received at-army head
qii.trter, of the final and complete - surrender of
Dick Taylor's ihrees in Alabama and 3lississippi
to t :euttral Canby. It is a remarkaWact that
till , tatty, and other despatch Gtmeral
Wikon here received by telegraph direct from
M; con. tia.. to this city. General Wilsoo is still
in Macon, and the telegraphic lines through IN - orth
and South Carolina and Georgia,areintaet. The
escape of Davis is therefore_ next to ittipossihle.
—lt in said that before the army is finally dis
banded a grand review of all the troops marching
on Washington is to take place. Sonie hundred
and fifty or two hundred thousand men will he
gathered there within three weeks. and an there
are fi,kl in the Immediate neighborhood of Wash
ington capable of displaying so large a body of
men. it i+ eiigeessed that 3he grand review should
be had on the old Bull Run hattle-field and plains
of Mana,natr, %vim!, there is - - ample ilium and
verge etion4ll" show an immense number 'of
troopN.
POLITICAL INTELLIGENCE.
—Too I)ethocraey of Cumfierl'and count* have
instructed their delegates to the Stat.. ConVention
o "support Abruhum Lamberton. Esq., of that
eohnty. tier Surveyor General.
—The civil authority in Virgiuia is 4.o4ing rapid
ly pnt in operation. Th.! State has just been di
vided heo four districts, and the requisite number
of int,rml Reventi/ Coi!eaters and A•.esears has
111)pn Vd.
•
—Eon. John Cessna has been elected delegate_
front Bedford county lo the Union State Conven
tion, :hick meets next month for the nomination,
of AudiMr General and Surve) or General. Erie
county has elected James Skinner and I. B. Gara
representatives, and the coriti_Teees M select a.
Senatmial delegate were instructed to vote for
11. Chase. It is understood that these dele,
gates will vote for James Skinher, of Erie city,
her the nomination Of Auditor General. t -
NATIONAL DEBT 15 AND C. S.STOMII
The.ereation of national debts is not a modern
improvement. but the ability, of a great nation to
provide Mr a great debt. and to make it, the limit
cone
vnient and best form of personal property,
a 1111.(1411) ounder. Tioi debt of Great! Britain
as begun by raising a million sterling bv_loan in
and n hen her great eoutest witlaouis
terminated, the debt had reached fifty Millions.
31:My statesmen and economists were then alarm
ed at the great burden which had been iniposed
upon the industry of the country, but when the
ty ar oh the Austrian succession had swelled this.
amount to eighty millions, Macaulay says that his
torians and orators pronounced the case to be des
perate. But when war again broke - out, and the
national debt teas rapidly carried up to one hun
dred and Mrty millions. men of theory and hush
l ass both pronounced that the fatal day had cer
tainly arrived. Bashi flume said that, although,
by taxiog it, energies to the utmost, tile country
might Mo:H.ly live through it, the - experiment
must never he repeated,--even a small increase
might be lhtal. Granville said the nation most
sink under it unless_some portion of the load was
burnt., by the American Colonies, and the attempt
to impose this load produced the war of the rev
olution, and, instead of - diminishing, added anoths
er hundred millions to the burden. Again. says
'acaulay, was England given over, hut again she
was more prosperous than ever before. But when
at the close ocher Napoleonic wars in 16'16. this
debt had been swelled up to the enormous sum of
over eight hundred millions sterling, or four thou
sand three hundred million dollars, or nearly one
half the entire property of the United Kingdom,
the stoutest heart, the firmest believer in nation
al progress and national development, might well
Lime been appalled. But in the very face of this
moutein of obligation,—to say nothing of her
vast colonial possessions,—the property of the
British nation bus been more than trebled, and
her debt is now a charge of but .1.2 i per cent.
against it. All that Great - Britain has done in
pay ing her debt, we shall do, and more, with ours.
We liar vast tel untouched by the plow,
mines of all precious metals of which we have
hatdly opened the doors, a population full of life,
energy, enterprise and tudusti7, and the accumu
lated wealth of money and labor of the old coun
tries pouring into the lap of our giant and ever-to
he-united republic. During the fiercest and most
exhausting of all possible wars, we have demon
strated our national strength—and all the world
over, national strength is but another name for
national credit. "As good as United Stocks" will
soon be synononions the world over with " as good
as British Console." For oui part, we - think a
U. S. Treasury mite, bearing seven and tlin e
tenths annual interest, is just as much better than
British Cousuls as the rate of interest is higher.
Some of oar timid brethren, who shipped - their
gold to London and invested in co n sols, are now
glad to sell out and iinest at home at a round
less.—and serves them right.
WiRNING TO GUETLEILLAS
Gen. HaHeck has just iesued the following im
portant order,- which he will enforce with a
strata! arm
Hr illgrAnTElVi MILITARY Div n' OF Tur JAMES, /
Id
Richmond, Virginia, ay 0,
GENERAL ORDERS NO. F.
From and after the 20th instant, all persons
foinid in arm. against the United States in the
States of Virginia and North Carolina. will be
treated as outlaws and robbers.
Any persons in these-States, w ho assist or ad
vise organizations of guerrilla bands, or continua
tion of hostilities against_the authority of the Uni
ted States, will be arrested, tried by the military
arnimission, and punished with death, or other
wise severely, according to the circumstances of
the ease. All military officers of this division, -
and especially commanders of posts and of dis
tricts. will Fro 'barged with the preservation of
good ,order within their commands.
w ill u s e their influence to reconcile alldif
fel tutees hem e•n freedmen and their former mas
ters, and will nom's freedmen that they will be
required to labor for support of themselves- and
tioailies, but they are free to select their own em
ployees and make their ow n bargains. They
must he nimbi to understand that Government
aril protect, but not support them.
Lll class's -lust be shown the necessity of
planting and cultivating, crops • this spring and
summer, in order to avoid want in the country.
To minors not eared for by parents• the appren
tice system ‘VIII be introduced as early as practi
cable. F•or children lam yonng to labor, and
abandoned by protectors, it is ordered that houses
of refuge be established. where they may be cared
for arid educated.
Interest. a; well as humanity, require that for
mer master= of the ilitored race should unite in
devising the heir meautres for ameliorating their
condition, and for introducing some system of la
bor. To this end all military authorities will lend
their aid. • By order of
W. HALLECK, 311 , 10 T Goueral
.1. W. KELTON, Asst. SAL Gen.
Goi. Anew has received from Brevet Brig.
Gen. D. S. Russell the manuscript of Gen. Leels
farewell address to his army. It is in the hand
writing of Gen. Le.e's adjutant, with the signature
of the former rebel Commander-in-Chief at the
bottom. It um; given to Gen. Russell by nn:aid r
of Gen. Lee's. We understand that Governor
Andrew will place the manuscript in some.histo
rical collection, together with an autogfapli leifFr
of Benedict Arnold, in which that "gentleman,"
who went over to the enemies of his country in a
former war, endeavored to persuade some of his
countrymen to become traitors like himself.
May' 17, 1566.
"THE LAST DITCH!"
JEFF. DAVIS CAPTURED!
THE ARCH-TRAITOR IN PETTICOATS!
a : : 4 PZ 'Okim;
BRECKENRIDGE'S SON TAKEN !
31kcoN, Ga., 11 A. M.. May_ 12,1865.—H0n.
E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War : The following
disliatch, announcing the capture of 'Jeff. Davis,
has just been handed the by Colonel Minty , emu
mandin‘the second division.
HEADQUARTERS OF TUE FOURTH MERMAN
CAVALRY, CCMBERLANDVILLE, Ge., May 11,
16.15.—T0 Captain T. W. Scott, 4. G. SecuodDi
vision.—Sir; I the honor t,AI report that at
daylight yesterday, at Irwinsvillo, I suprised and
eaptured Jeff. Darts and family, togethhr with
his wife, sisters and brother, his Postmaster Gen
eral Regan, his private Secretary COlonel Harris;
Colonel Johnson. A. D. C., on Davis' staff; Colo
nel Morris Lubbiek mid Lieutenant Hathaway ;
also several important nmes, and a train of five
wagons and three ambulances—making a perfect
suety*, had not a most painful mistake occurred
lir which the 4th Michigan and Ist Wisconsin
collided,, winch cost us two killed, and -Lieuten
ant Boutelic wounded through the arm, in the dth
Michigan': and four men wounded in the Ist Wis
consin. This occurred just at daylight, after we
had captured the camp, by the advance of the let
Wisconsin. They were mistake for the enemy.
1 returned to this point last night and . shall
move sight on to Macon without • waiting orders
for %en as directed, feeling that the whole object
of the expedition is- accomplished. It will take
me at least three days to reach Macon, as we are
sev.mty- five miles out, and our stock is much ex
hausted. I hope to reach Hawkinsville to-night .
I have the honor. etc..
(Signed,) D. B. PRITCHARD,
Lienf. Col. 4th Michigan Cavalry
The First Wisconsin belongs to Lagrange's B
gade,Cooks division, t.nd had been sent due
ea.' by Gen. Croxtou via Dublin. Colonel Mentz
had distributed hi command all along the south
brink of the Oemulgee'Altaulaha. This accounts
for the collision between parts of the let and
di% isions. and shows the zeal of the command in
the pursuit. I have directed increased vigilance
on . the part of the command in the-hope of catch
-1:112 the other assassins. Our dispositions are good,
and so far none of the rebel chiefs have been able
to get through.
ilreekinridge's son was captured night before
1;1.4 eleven miles south Iron here.
(Signed)
J. H. Wimps,
Brevet Major General
3Ltco3.i, GA., 9.30 A. M., May 13.-Hon E. M.
-Statitnn, Secretary of War: Lieut. Col. Har
den. commanding Ist Wisconsin, has just arrived
from Irwinsville. He struck Davis' tra4l at Dub.
lin, Laurens county, on the evening of the 7th,
and followed him closely, night and day, through
the pine wilierness of Alligator creek and Green
Swamp, via Cumberlandville to Irwinsville. At
Cumberlandville Col. Harden met Col. Pritch
ard, with 150 picked men or the 4th Michigan.
Harden followed the trail directly south, while
Pritchard, having fresher horses, pushed down
the Ocinulgee, toward Hopewell, and thence by
House creek to Irwinsville, arriving
there at mid
night of the 9th. Jeff. Davis had not arrived.—
From citizens Pritchard learned that-his party
were encamped two miles out of the town. He
- Made his dispositions, and surrounded the camp
before day. Harden had camped at 8 P. M.,
within two miles. as he alterwaids learned from
Davis. .
The-trail being to indistinct to follow, he push--
Led on,nt 3 A. Si.. and had gone but little more
than cue mile, when his advance were fired upon
by men of the 4th -Michigan. A fight ensued.
both parties exhibiting the greatest determtnation.
Fifteen minutes elapsed before the mistake was
discovered. The firing in this skirmish was the
first warning Davis received.
The captors report that he hastily piton one
of his wife's dresses, and Started for the woods,
closely followed by our men, who at first thought
Ifiin a woman. but seeing his boots while run
ning, suspected his sex at once. The race was a
short one, and the rebel President was soon
brought to. He brandished a bowie knife of ele
gant pattern, and showed signs of battle, but
'yielded promptly tee the pungineeion of the Colt's
revolvers, without compellitv! the men to fire.
Ile expressed great*ignity at the energy with
which he was punned, saying that he had be
lieved our government more magnanimous than
tee hunt down.women and children. Sirs. Davis
remarked to Col. Harden, after the excitement
was over—that the men had better notArovoke
the President, or he might hurt some of 'ein.
Re3l , llllFeehave's himself with becoming dignity
and resignation. The party were evidently mak
ing for the coast. (Signed)
- .1. H. WILSON, Brevet Maj. Gen.
JOHNSTON'S FAREWELL ORDER.
"There is a marked contrast between the tone
and language of the farewell orders of Gene. Lee
and Johnston to their surrendered armies. Gen.
Johnston says in a letter to the Southern rebel
Governors that he surrendered 'no avoid the
crimes of waging hopeless war," and his address
to his men is manly and creditable. We sub.
join it:
ARM' or TENN - ESSE-E.
NEAR GREESSIIOROUiIIf. N. C., slay 2, 1865..$
GENERAL ORDERS, No. 22.—COMRADES: In
terminating our official relations, I earnestly ex
hort you to observe faithfully the terms of pacifi
cation agreed upon, and to discharge the obliga
tions of good and peaceful citizens at your homes.
as well as you have performed the duties of tho
rough soldiers in the field. By such a course you
will best secure the comfort of your families and
kindred, and restore tranquility to the country.
You will return to your homes with the admi
ration of our people, won by the courage and -no
ble devotion you have displayed in this long war.
I shall 'always remember with pride the loyal sup
port and genet nus confidence you have given me.
I now part with you with deep regret, and. bid
..ton farewell with feelings of cordial friendship,
and with earnest,wishes that you may have here.
after all the prosperity and happiness to be found
in the world.
[Official.] J. E. JouNsras, Generil
ARCHER. ANDERSON, A. A. Gen.
Lieut. Col. KENNARD, Chief Ord-
ON To Mexteo —The excitement in regard
to Jlexico emigration is extending, and thousands
of our soldiers have already enrolled 'themselves
as ready to take part in the expedition. In NOW
York on Monday an office was opened, where per
sons desiring to join the expedition might enroll
their names, and throughout the entire day it was
crowded with applicants. Most of the volunteers
in the movement are veteran soldiers, who have
served in the armies of the Uniou daring the past
Mar years. Common emigrants, itis understood.
are guaranteed one thousand dollars and eight
hundred acres of land. The bounties to those re
eciving as officers will, of course, be
much larger. It is reported that the Mexican
republican General. Ortega, is at the head of the
enterprise, and .that all emigrants will go fully
supplied with weapothi — O7 defence, but that such
arrangements have been made that this proceed
ing will involve no breach of internationri neutral
ity.
TUE: Washington Republican says search is now
being made in Washington, Georgetown and Alex
andria for co-conspirators with Booth. Many
valuable discoveries have been ma - de. Thatjour
nal affirms: "That it is in evidence that Presi
dent Lincoln, Vice President Johnson, the mem
bers of the Cabinet, .Gen. Grant, Chief Astice
Chase and Speaker Colfax were marked as the
victims of certain Rebel conspirators and assas
sins. That the plot originated with the chief po
litical Rebels in Richmond, was planned in detail
in Canada, and was to be executed in Washing
ton there is also no doubt. That secret meetings
were held at the residence of Secessionists in
Washington to further the execution of this Sea!
dish plot is well known." The country will soon
learn the full particulars. The parties under ar
rest are to be tried by,court-martial, of which
Gen. Parke is the President, which tribunal is to
be forthwith organized.
TILE Tribune thus closes an article cullingupon
the Government to clear out the prisons and
OE
"Let us have a clearing out! HoR on to all
assassins and conspirators to murder; hold on to
house-burners and highway robbers "in behalf of
'Southern rights;' but let all mere talkers of trea
son relapse into their proper insignificance. There
is a large demand for labor in the cornfields about
these days, while Baying and Harvest are but a
few weeks ahead. The country is fast settling
down into the ways of- Peace and Thrift; let us
stop suction at the public udderso fast and so far
as possible. Turn them out!"
li