TERMS OF PUBLICATION. '
THE FRkNALIN REPOSITORY is published
•every Wednesday 'morning by "THE REPOSITORY
ASSOCIATION,: at 82 50 per annum, is ADVANCE, Or
$3 if not paid within the year. Air subseripti r
spt ae
esinits MIST be sailed annual/y. NO paper will be sent
oat of gio Statemsiless paid for in arrow, and all such
subscriptions will invariably be diseinainnedat theexpi
rution of the time for which they are Paid-
ADVERTISEMENTS are inserted at kir cent:: CENTS
per line for first insertion, and TEN CENTO per line for sub-
sequent ingertions. A liberal discount is made je persons
advertising by the quarter, half-pear or year. Special no
tices charged one•half more than regular advertisements.
All resolutions of Associations; communications of limited
or individual Interest, and notices of Marriages andDeatbs
exceeding five lines, are charge&fifteen cents per line.
Aii-Legal Notices of every kind, and all Orphans
Court and other Judicial Sales, -are required ,Vy law to be
advertised in the REPOSITORY—it haring the LARGEST
CIR
CUL..TION,of any paper published lathe county of Franlatn.
JOB PRINTING of every kind in Plain and Fancy col•
on., done with neatness and dispatch. Iland•hills, Blanks:
Card-g, Paraphlets, dm., of every variety and style, printed
at the shortest notice, The REPOSIfORX OFFICE has just
been re-Stied with Steam Power and three Presses, find
every thing in. the Printing line can be executed in the
most artistic manner and at the lowest rates. TERMS IN.
VARIABLY CASH.
Mr. John K. Shry:ock is our authorized Agent to
receive Subscriptions and Advertisements, and reisipt for
the same, All letters should be addressed to
M'CLITRE & STONER, Publishirs.
Coal, Lumber, Sq.
CARPENTERS AND- BUILDERS!
ATTENTION!
The undersigned have now on band, at their
PLANING AND FLOORING MILL,
a largo supply of Sash, Shunting, Doors and Blinds for sale,
or made to order.
Alooldings of all descriptions, from half inch to 8 inches,
on hand -
Plain and Ornamental Scroll Sawintneatly executed.
Also—Wood Turning in all its branches. Newel Pi sta,
Banisters, Bed Poets, &c„ on hand.
' A large supply of Dressed Flooring for sale.
Also-,rWinduw and Door Frames on buind or, made at
abort notice. HAZELET, VERNON & CO..
febl tf . :Harrison Avenue, Chamberaburg, Pa.
NOTICE TO FARMERS
100 TONS OF TL)IOTILY HAY
XOO
Wanted by 43E0. A. DEI
200 WALNUT LOGS
Wanted by GEO. A. Darn.
100 ASH ,LOGS
Wanted by Gip. it. DErrz.
100 LARGE CHLRRY LOGS
Wanted by GErE A. DEM-
=
and all Muds of Produce bought by GEO. DEITZ, at
bin Nirarehotute above the Railroad Depot.
STOVE AND LIME COAL
for sale cheap, by the lon or half inn.
OAK AN'D HICKORY WOOD
EMlttiM
OAK AliD HICKORY WOOD
sawed and split for stove use, by the cord or hoif cord
WLNDOW AXD DOOR SILLS
of Oak, Walnut and Pine, always on band.
WINDOW AND DOOR-FRASI}:T OFF
and all kinds of LUMBER, such as Oak and Pine Plank
Oak Walnut, Pine and Hemlock Boards; Flooring Merril , .
Joists, SVantling, Shingles, Paling, Laths, Se.
'
REST OF ROOFLNG SLATE
drays co Imud. and roofs pot co by the best Slaters. who
bare drown medals for theft superior workmanship,
CALL DET:TZ'S WAREHOUSE,
above the. , Railroad Depot, and buy deenp. (dec•'.l
LEONARD EBERT dr. SON,
COAL AND LIT3IBER MERCHANTS. .
We have ou hand all kinds of Coal stir Lumber, and
are prepared to furnish Bill Lumber to order at short no
tice, all at the most reasonable terms. Our stick of Li o n.
ber consists of
. White Pine 2 inch Plank,
" " 11 " select Plank:
" " It " Plunk.
" " 1 select and Culling Boards,
f Boards,
" " ," Siding (6 inch,)
" Best River Shingles.
" Worked Floring,
"
. Siding.
Joist and Scantling, all sizes,
Hemlock Joist and Scantling,
" Boards,
Yellow Pine Boards, deist and Scantling.
- Palling and Plastering Laths.
We hate also always 4i hand a good supply of all
kinds of - Coal for std. - es and lime-burning. Also a supe
rior artlipe of Broadtop Coal -for blacksmiths. The pub.
lie are invited to give us a call, as we will eadoavot to
give satisfaction to all that call. -
.Coal nhd Lumber furnished on the cars,th any station
Ott the Franklin Railistail
InrOfflce on Second St., in the rear of the Jail Yard,
Cliambersburg, Pa. LEO. EBERT & SON.
july27-tL
SMALL, BENDER az CO••
r• York and Gokiabrwough., Pa..
LUMBER DEALERS •
AND MANUFACTURERS OF
° SASH, DOORS, SHUTTERS, BLIND'S,
DOOR AND WINDOW FRAMES dc,
Keep constantly on hand a well selected stock of seas
enable Lumber. viz:—.foist and Scantling, Weatherboard
ing, dressed Flooring. Siding, Laths, Shingles, Palings and
Fencing.
White Pine and Oak Bills, sawed to order at the
shortest notice. All eemtnunications should be addressed
to Yong., PA. - [sep2d.ly
STEAM SAW MILL.—The undersign
ed have erected and in 6 . peration a Steam Saw Mill
at the South Mountain, near Graffenburg Springs, and are
prepared to saw to order Bills, of WRITE OAK, PLNE,
HEMLOCK or any kind of timber desired, at the short
est notice and at low rates. One of the firm will be, at the
Hotel of Saru'l Greenawalt in Chambersburg. on Satur
day the 24th inst and on each alternate Saturday thereaf
ter for the purpose of contracting for the delivery of lum.,
ber. LUMBER DELIVERED at any point at the Low ,
EST RATES. All letters should be addressed to them at
Graffenburg P. 0., Adams CO.. Pa. .
declAdf • MILTENBERGER L BRADT. -:
B trILD IN G LUMBER.—The under,
signed is prepared to saw all kinds of Building Lum
ber at the lowest market price. ICA. RENFgEw,....;
Og..MIWOOD MILLS, Fayetteville P.O. deeB-ly
R4otrlo.
~,,,,,,,,,,,,
EASTERN INN.—The lindenigned ha
ving lately purchased the large And commodions
Brick Building of Rer,S. X. Fisher, to connection with his
present place of business, on the corner of Main street and
Ladwig's Alley, is prepared to aceomrnodase BOARD
ERS by the day, week or month. He is amply provided
with STABLING to accommodate the traveling public.
ring a large LIVERY STABLE connected with the
Hotel, guests and the public generally can be furnished
with Horses rfnd Carriages at any moment. Persons visit
ing Chambersburg_ with their families will find this the
most ortmtsrtable Hotel in the county, as it has been re
fitted with entire new Furniture, and the rooms are large
anti4ell ventilated. The TABLE is amply supplied with
all the luxuries of the season, and the BAR, which is de
tached from the Brick Building, will always he furnished
with choice and pure liquors. Every attention paid to the
comfort of guests. foctl2[ S. F. GREENAWALT.
BROWN'S HOTEL.—This Hotel. situ
ated on the cornerkf Queen and Second Streets, of
pestle the Bank, Court Room; and County Offices, and m
the immediate neighborhood of Stores, Shops. and other
places of business, is conveniently situated for country
people bamng business in Chambernburg. The Building
has been greatly enlarged and retittelic accommoda
tion of Guests.
THE TABLE will always be ftirnislmil wit, the hest
the Market can produce. ,
TILE,BAR will be supplied with pure and choice Li
quors.
THE STABLE is large and attended with a good and
careful Ostler.
Every attention will be rendered to make GUeMS - rum•
fortahle while tojrntralng at this Hotel.
febl . JA ts 0 S. BROWN. Proprietor.
4TNION HOTEL.--This old and well
tj established /Thiel is now open for the accommodation
of Guests
The Proprietor having leased the threeetory block of buil
dings on Queen Street, in the rear of his former stand, is
prepared to furnish 00011 ROOMS for the traveling and
transient custom:
HIS TABLE will sustain its former reputation of being
supplied with the best the market can produce.
HlB BAR, detached from the Main building, will al
ways have choice and pure Liquors-'
Good warm STABLING for fifty horses, with careful
--ostler.
Every attention will be made to render guests comfort
able while 'sojourning at this Hotel.
janlB JNO. FISHER, Proprietor.
DAVID H. HUTCHISON
bas become the Proprietor of the UNITED STATES
HOTEL, near the - Railroad Depot at HARRISBURG,
PA. Thls popular - and commodious Hotel NIB been newly
refitted and furnished throughout its parlors and chamber',
sad is now ready for the reception of guests.
The traveling publio will rlial the United Staten Hotel
the moat convenient, in all particulars, of any Howl in
the State Capital, on account of its wrens to the railroad,
being immediately between the two great depots in ibis
city. [Harrisburg, June 17, attf.
STATES UNION HOTEL, OPPOSITE
the Lebanon Valley and Pennsylvania Railroad De.
pob Harrisburg City, Pa. This convenient and pleamant
Hotel is now kept by the nadersig:ned, late of the Indian
Queen in puunbernburg. and he molten the patriot:lnge of
his old frWds and thepublic, genetalty. Terms moderate.
oetS•tf • JOAN W. TAYLOR.
BLINDS AND SHADES.
B. J. WILLIAMS.
NO. 16 NORTH SIXTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA,
MANLTACTUREIt OF
VEICIIAN BLLN DS A N
YnNDQW SHADES.
The lareartamifinestasssortment to tl(e, city at the lowest
NSA prices. STORE SHADES made and lettered.
march 29,4 m
Zhi.t
‘ , -lf:_to4itkliii - j•_ , x4t - 4-ottoi_ .- 'i. - -:i - .: -
-- - --g
BY M'CLURE & STONER.
trimidin s.'qviiipm
Fruit'The Evangelical Quarterly Review.
THE HAND OF GOD FNCTHE WAD
BY F. W. CONRAD, I). D
There is a GO. As Creator he made all things
by the word of his power: as Sopereign, he governs
them by the Hand of his Providence. According
ly, he worketh all things alterithe counsel of his
own will, both in the unities otheaven and among
the inhabitants of the earth War is one of the
most important and far-reaching events, which can
occur in the history of nations. Aud as God ex
ercises, both a generitl and a special Providence.
in the affairs of individuals and nations, war can
not arise, continue, and end, without his knowl
edge, permission and control. • And this is the
truth, to a candid s consideration of which we in
vite the attention of the render under the. thane :
The Hand of God in the War. -
I. The Hand-of God i.e seen in the origin of the
Thor. God created man, permitted his fall, and
determined the development of his depravity. God
redeemed man, made provision for his moral recov
ery, and enacted thelaw of benevolence, as the rule
of his life. Now as human depravity and human re
demption. stand in contrast with each other, so too,
do they present developments, en direct opposition
to each other. The development of man. under the
promptings of depravity, is one of supreme selfish
ness; his development, under the inthienee of re
demption, is one of disinterested benevolence. One
of the grossest forms, in which liuman depravity
iex
hibits its selfishness, is aracteriged by the Scrip
tures as man-stealing, t
ich consists in subjuga
ting mart to a state of dage, by the exercise of
might in violation of right. To do this, is to treat
man, in a manner directly contrary to the lawl of
God, which enjoins upon each, to love his brother
as himself. Man depraved, under the law of sel
fishness, craves freedom for himself, and imposes
Slavery upon his fellow : man redeemed, under the
law of benevolence, claims Liberty for himself.
and demands Liberty for his fellow.
The Signers of the Declaration of Independ
ence, under the light of Revelation_ and the guid
ance of the law of benevolence, announced: "These
truths to - be self-evident: that all men are treats d
equal: that they are endowed by their Creator,
with certain inalienable rights, among. which are. ;
'life,: liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."' This
constitutes the American declaration of personal
independence. 1 is the authoritative announce
ment of the political equality of all men. It is the
self evident expression,of the true ideri of the In
alienable rights of human nature. It is the Mag
na Charta of Liberty. .
Alexander H. Stevens, the Vice-President .of
the so-called Cdnfederute States, has announced:
the declaration of slavery. practically adopted by
'them. It is made in these.words;" The prevailing
ideas, entertained by Jefferson,- and the most of
the leading statesmen, at the, time of the forma—
tion of the Constitution, were, that the enslave--
meet of the African, was in violation of the law of
Nature • that it Was, wrong in principle, politically, morally. Those ideas. however, were
fundainental4 wrong. They rested upon the as
sumption of the equality of the races. This was
au error. Our new government is tiiunded on ex
actly the opposite ideas. Its :mutilations are laid,
its confer-stone rests upon the great truth, that
the negro is not equal to the White man : that sla
very—subordination to the white race—is his nat
ural and moral (normal) condition. Our new
governmett is the first in the history of the world,
based cfo his great plissical, pinlosophical and
ruorakfruth.'" This constitutes; the repudiation
of the truth of the Declaration of Independence;
the denial of the political equality of all men: the
negation of the inalienable rights of human nature:
the contradiction of the unity of the rare of man
kind: the repeal of the Mosaic statute against than
stealing, the annulling of the second table of the
Decalogue; the promulgation of the law aMight:
the very Magna Charta of Slavery.
Liberty . arid Slavery are opposites. They are
antagonistic in their very natures, and cannot
possibly be ha rum nizotl' A t cordingly this a ta.g
onism w ill become manifest - , wherever arid wiles
ever- they are brought into contact with each
other. This fact has been illustrated, iu the his,-
tory of our country. Liberty was borne , on the
May-Flower, under the fostering care of the Pu-
Titans, and landed at Plymouth Rock. Slavery,
was imported by Man-stealers in an English ship,
and funded at Jamestown. Virginia. They began
their development in the same year, exhibited their
peculiar Characteristics, and spread their reepee t
tive forms of civilization, from their different Ten.:
tres. And as Jamestown was hr Virginia. and
Plymouth Rock in Massachusetts, Slavery wrote
'its impress upon the South ; and Liberty inscribed'
its image upon the North. And as Virginia and
Maksachusetts were eolonies 'under the same Go.
veridhent. Liberty and Slav Cry came in contact
with each other, during the colonial period of our
history - . Their antagonism at once appeared, but
their clashings wCre us yet local and individual.
Slavery travelled North and confronted Liberty
in Massachusetts. Liberty journeyeid South and
rebuked Slavery in Virginia. At the formation of
the Constitution, however, the antagonism be
tween them became formal and sectional, and ex
hibited itself in the debates of the convention, on
the legalizing of the slave trade. the representh
thin of slave property in Congress. and the infer-
Con of a fugitive slave clause into the constitu
tion- Apd this antagonism has appeared, at dif.
ferent epochs in our history, from that day to
this. In earlier years, -Liberty manifested ,its
antagonism to Slavery, by expelling it froin all
the Northern States, by excluding it from the ter
ritory of the North-west, and by restrictineit to
, the Missouri Compromise line. In later years
Liberty manifested its antagonism to Shivery;
by the abolition of Slavery in the District of Co
lumbia; by excluding it from all the territory of
the United States, during all coming time ; by the
banal offer of compensation for the manumission
of slaves in the Border States, by the acceptance
of the offer by the people of Western Virginia,
and their reception into the Union as a Free State ;
by the majority of rot/ cast in Missouri in favor
of immediate emancipation ; by the adoption of a
Free Constitution in Maryland. and by the Pro
• clamation of Freedom, to all the slaves of the re
benums Stzites forever.
The antagonism of Slafery to Liberty, has been
exhibited; in carving three. slave States out of the
territory belonging to the old thirteen; in the
purchase of Louisiana, and the formation of three'
more slave States: in the acquisition of Florida,
arid the addition of another slave State; in.the.
annexation of Texas, and the admission of another
slave State: in the Mexican_ war, and the seizure
of territory for halt a dozen slave States; in the
• removal of the Missouri Compromise line, for the
purpose of establishing slavery North of it ; in the
attempt to engraft 2nlavery upon liaosas, against
the will of her people :n in the imperious demand
for the passage of a slave code in the territories,
according to the infamous Died Scott decision ;
and in the inauguration of -civil war, by tiring
upon Fort Sumpter.
God created man a rational spii it. morally per
feet. Ile made ample pros isiou for his continu
ance inn holiness, but so constituted him, that it
was possible for him to sill and full. -- Foreseeing
this he determined, what the deteriorating etß•ct
upon his moral constitution should be, and the
in:loner in as hich it as ould develop itself in his
moral history. That whir In scary possible has his.
come actual. Man tins sinned, his nature has be
come depraved; and Ins rational development is
ont , nnf selfishness. But as this development is
moral une, it cannot be neceasitnited, and drre._
srfionsible ; it mu,t, therefore, be a voluntary one,
and hence free and responsible.
God has redeemed man, made pi °vision for his
moral recovery. and detei mined tine etlhet, shish
such a renovation would have; upon his Auld
constitution, as well us, the manner in which his
development us a new creature hi Christ Jetill
would take place. This development, being like
wise moral, cannot be necessitated and irrespon
sible, but must be voluntary, and theretbre, free
and responsible. We can thus comprehend:in
what manner God's hand may be said to he seen
in the tall, as well as, in the redemption of man
He permitted his fall—he achieved his redemp
tion. Ile determined the constitutional effect of
the fall upon him, but be d'd not necessitate him,
toy ield to the cravings of appetite. Ile determ
dried likewise the effect, which redemption should
hale upon Mall ' s moral constitution, but he does
not necessitate him to obey:the law of right.
When, therefore, man develops his depravity in
supfeme selfishness, he does it-freely, and is re
sponsible thr his guilt ; and ;then, on the other
hand, he developes his renamed nature, by the
manifestation of disinterested benevolence, he does
it voluntarily, and hence deserses the 'praise of
4Anan, and the approbation of God.
Andrnow,_as God has so constituted buntanhY,
that in its depraved state, it would exhibit su
preme selfishness, and in its recovered state, dis.
interested benevolence; and as he has permitted
fallen man to subject his fellow to Slavery, and
commanded redeemed man to bestow upon his
fellow. Liberty ; and as he has imparted to,Slavery
and Libi , rty their respective characteristics; and
a , he has so constituted them, as to be antagonis
tic to each other: and as he has enacted laws
which condemn Slavery and approve of Liberty;
and as he lie imposed the obligation of opposing
Slavery, and, of defending Liberty upon all his
people ; and as the crime of Slavery blinds the
minds of its perpetrators, to the enormity of the
wropg which they comitit, and prejudices them
intaterately against those who expose - and de
timbre their conduct, it follows, that. the anta
gonism between Liberty and Slavery, will be
transferred to their respective champions.
Aid just in proportion as the advocates of Tree
doini rife in their love of Liberty, will they in
crease in their hatred of Slaveryi and just in pro
portion'as the advocates of bondage grow stron
ger in their selfishness, will:they rise intheir love
ofSlavery, and sink in their appreciation of Lib
erty. And as under the promptings of avarice,
Slavery can neveribe satisfied, but with the horse
leech, cries incessantly, Give ! Give! and as un
der the promptings of benevolence. Liberty can
never look upon its encroachments with indiffer
ence, and hence must constantly interpose its plea,
Spare! Spare ! it follows that the antagonism be
tween the abettors of Liberty and Slavery can
neither cease nor diminish, but, on time contrary,
must coutiuue and constantly incirease. And
while in the beginning it may not be stronger
than to produce a conflict of opinion: carried on
in words and writing, it cannot stop at that, but
it will go on accumulating in strength. until it
produces a conflict of legislation., carried on
through the ballot box, the framing, adoption,
and atnendment of Constitutions. and the enact
ment of laws. But even this will not constitute
its Ultima Thule, it will overleap all these sounds,
engender strife poisened with implacable hatred,
and culminate M open and releutlesa war. There
is an "irrepressible conflict" between Liberty
and Slavery. And when the distinguished Secre
tary of State announced it as a political axiom,
he did not discover a new 'truth, but declared a
self evident old one, founded on the original con
stitution, which the hand of God had impressed
upon man in his fall and in his redemption. " The
Northern and the Southern States must eventually
become all slave or all free." And when Abra-.
ham Lincoln, cif-Illinois, made this declaration in
one of his political speeches na his debate with
Senator Douglas, he not only drew it as a dedue
tion from the premises furnished by the philoso
' phy•of history, but he uttere4 it as a truth, taught
in the living oracles of God, and illustrated in:
the history of our country, under the 'guidance
of his own hand, as the patriot-President, and
the Commander-he Chief of the Army and Navy
of the tinited-,-.States. And as all this is but a
fee-simile otlhe history - of Liberty and Slavery
in America, And as this is but the natural dead.
opment of Slavery and the moral development of
Liberty; according to the original constitution,
which he has given to each, it follows that his
„hand has been exhibited in the origin of this war.
11. The Hand of God is seen in the progress of
the war. At that which has a beginning, must
have an end; progress becomes indispensable to
its attainment. This war had a beginning, it
must conic to an end. and progress must secure
it. And as we have seen the hand of God in its
origin, it is ruerallj certain that His hand will also
be mai : i to- i iii its pi ogress. Ordinarily the progress
of-war is not nniiim: all the victories on one
side, and all the dtteats on the other; but it is,
carton.: victory irld defeat alternating. And
the hand of God may be •seen in the one, just as
clearly a. I•ii the other. - •
The Bud of Gad may. therefore. be discovered
in ou r victories. We have waned war for nation
al lite aid twiny, more than two years. We have
raised [nighty armies, fought great battles, and
gained signal victories. As they must be counted
by scores, we cannot enumerate them in detail, and
simply mention tho-e of Pea Ridge, Shiloh, Henry,
Donaldson, Island Number Ten, Murfreesboro'; .
Nclv Orleans. Antietam, Vicksburg, Port Hudson,
tVettysburg.toa Bich there have since been added
v;tittailiffiga. Spotsylvania, Atlanta. Mobile, Sa
ialif Charleston and Richmond. Now if the
hand of God may he traced, in gh rig us one of these
victories, it may be discovered in-giving us all the
rest. It cannot be expected that we should attempt
to prove this, by an 'examieation of the particulars
of each engagement, is hich resulted in victory to
our arms. We shall, however, attempt clearly to
shoWyou the fruits of the hued of the Almighty,
in giving us the victory on the field of Gettya-,
burg. We do not claim that God wrought mira
cles in our flavor, but we maintain, that he so or
dered the controlling circumstances of the battle!
as to cause them to result in the success of the Army
of the Potomac. Give heed to'an enumeration of
a•few of the most striking turning points of victory!
The first of these is Mund in the commanding
'General. Victory is frequently. determined by
the ability and experience of the Chief of an ar
my, and the degree of confidence reposed in him
by his officers and men. General Hooker was
removed. and General Meade appointed his suc
cessor, °Mlle Sabbath preceding the Wednesday
,a. hen the battle began.. He hind never taught a
Tbattle Si Commander, and his-army ham him as
their leader but three dap]. lie had no experi
ence in planning a battle, and his officers and sol
diers had never fought one under him. They
w ere eomparzith ely unacquainted with each other.
Never dia General Mail an army to battle—ne
ver did an , lady enter upon an engagement, un
_der eireanna ances more trying, than those which
encompassed Gen. Meade and his army at Get
tysburg. An emir of judgment by the President,
in the removal of one, and the appointment of
another commander—a mistake or blunder by
G e n. Meade; and the battle ofGettysburg would
'have been lost.
The position occupied by an army is an import
ant circumstance in determining theaesult of a
battle. Ours was Cemetery Hill, immediately
south of Gettysburg. It has beers compared to a
horse shoe, the toe of which was turned towards
the town, the lett heel extending to Round Top,
and the right to Wolfe MI. It was elevated.
admirably adapted tO detbnce, and hard to be
turned. The ridge which constituted it was sto
ny, and at sonic places even rocky. The owners
Id the land, had used the stone trod rock thus fur
nished for fencing; miles of which were found,
just where they were needed for breastworks.
Where this . v, as not the case, stone, timber, rails
and earth were found, in adequate quantities to
fill up the gaps, thus giving us with little labii - r;
an entirely: entrenched line of battle.
The manner in which this position was sectried
must not, be overlooked. General Reynolds, sup.
ported by Gen. Howard, had attacked the enemy
beyond Seminary Iliffir just north of the;town,
ith the urtention of holding that range until-tair -
army could conic up to-occupy it. Hilt being
overpowered by superior numbers, he was com
pelled to full back thyringh the streets of Get
tysburg, to Cemetery Hill. The position volun
tardy 55a , l•Setinary Hill; the position
nece-,.:wily taken, was Cemetery Hill: and yet
the - latter Was a much stronger one than the for
liner. It commanded a view belore and around
it bir ten mil, s. trar.em.-nt could he made by
the enemy, front any part of Ins lint-, which could
not- be imulethately observed from ours. Besides,
was nothing except the town;several strips
of w nods, amid a few houses. and burns, which
conlit afford him any shelter in his advances, and
he eould.consequently be subjected to a concen-‘
trated fire front almost every poimit,of attack. Its
horseshoe shape enabled the commanding Gene
ral to hold his entire army close in hand, and to
mu; c re ; inforcemeuts rapidly train one point to
another., as the tremendous massed charges of
the enemy might demand.
The offensive and the definisive are important
in their bearing on victory. It is easier to defend
than to take a position. Other things being equal,
the army on the detinisive has greatly the advan
tage-or the tinny MI the offensive, and this advan
tage was ours The correspondent of the New
York Tinir. after stating that the attack made
by Getwial Rey colds cost' him his life, says : "It
was, however, priceless, as it was the means of
putting us on the delimsne, and of giving us the
choice of position. We were not to attack, but
to be attacked. The risks, the difficulties, the_
disadvantages of the coming battle were the ene
my's. Ours were the heights for artillery; ours
the short inside lines for inanattivering and rein
forcing: ours the stone walls, fences and crests
of the hills" Had Ewell and Ilill pressed•their
advantage MI Wednesday evening, arid driven us
from Cemetery lin as it was possible for them
to do, we would have lust not only our impregna
ble position, but the defensive. Had Lee en
trenched himself on Thursday, on Seminary MIL
Meade would have been compelled to give him
b a ttle by taking the offensive. And in thatyvent
the advantages which were ours would have been
theirs, and the result, in all human probability,
changed from victory to defeat. lint all this was
otherwise, because the hand of God was in it.
Tic condition of an army, very fiequently de
termines its success, or failure in an engagement,
The Army of the Potomac had just marched over
CHAIII3,ERSBURG, PA,, WEDNESDAY, MAY 17. 1865.
two hundred miles. The weather, during their
march, was cloudy and rainy, rendering the roads
muddy, and their march fatiguing. Many Corps
were yet far from the field of battle when it be
gan. Under the spur of the sound of artillery,
heard in the distance, they came up hurriedly,
took their-positions, and began the work of in
trenchment. They were a tired army, needing
rest, sleep, and food to bring them into their high
est state 'tif courage and hope, strength and effi
ciency; and they were outnumbered by their an
tagonists, not less than twenty thousand men.
The Army of Virginia was in a very different con
ditibn. It had marched leisurely into the loyal
States. It was in perfect discipline, rested, well
fed, and fully equipped. It was composed of vet
erans, baptized in tire. It was led by a General,
under whom it had fought for years, whose mili
tary, genius had given it renown, and whom it
regarded as invincible.
The crises of battle constitute the turning points
of victory. They were numerous, and the were
ours. The propitious arrival of the SixtliCorps,
is one of them.. A grand charge en masse, was
being made across the plain, the Third Corps was
broken, the Second and Fifth came to their. sup
port; but all combined were unable to check the
advancing column. The crisis had arrived. But
with it, the arrival of Sedgewick's Corps. His
• men had marched thirty hours,and were foot-sore,
worn and weary. They were ordered to the
charge. Without hesitation, they flung away
their knapsacke l forgot their-fatigqe and hunger,
rushed forward, •threw themselves into the fight,
repulsed the enemy, and saved the day.
Immediately iu the rear of the Cemelery, on
the Taneytown toad, stood a small white house.
It was occupied by General Meade as •his Head
Quarters. It was exposed to the fire of hun-'
dred guns for hours. The shells passed over it,
fell all around it, struck different parts of it, and,
exploded near • it. One entered the chimney, but
its fuse went out, and it fell down harmless. Six
teen horses tied around it were killed, and many
of his Staff made hair-breadth escapes, so that
while Lee was covered by the Hospital Flag on
the cupola of the College, Meade, although expos
ed to a storm of artillery, was_ covered by the
,hollow of God's hand, and remained unmoved and
unharmed. Once the enemy had almost reached
our intrenehments on our left, when an enfilading
fire from Cemetery Hill mowed them down. At
another time they had come up to Our very guns
in the centre, and were about turning them upon
our own men, wbeu they were driven back at the
point of the bayonet. Again they made a deeper
ate effort to turn our right fhink,and had succeed:'
ed so far as to hold part of our position. but they
were, nevertheless, repulsed with dreadful slaugh
-6,r. The marks of the fierceness of this encoun
ter, are visible on the trees of half a mile of woods,
and exceed anything we could have imagined to
be possible. .
The so-called accidents or mishaps of a battle,
frequently determine its result. We had none at
Gettysburg. Everything wanted was there, and
every thing was in its place. There was no panic
as at Bull Run ; no blundering as at Bales Bluff;
no treachery as atlllarper's Ferry ; no breaking
as at Chancellorvillh4 no disobedience of orders as
at Manassas ; no 6reliction of duty as at Freder
icksburg. There was military ability of a high Or
der, displayed in disposition and strategy, by the
Commanding General, efficient cooperation on the
part of the subordinate officers, °nil courage and
endurance never excelled, on the part of the rank
and' file. .
. .
Nor can we omit the circumstance. thatAhe
battle was fought in Pennsylvania. The Army
of Virginia had invaded the North in defiance of
the Army of the Potomac. It had run riot in
Maryland, and the border counties of Pennsylva
nia. It was flushed with victory and laden with
spoils. It was proud and boastfid, self-inflated
and arrogant. Its General looked with disdain
upon his antagonist, and took the offensive, in the
full assurance, that_he could overwhelm him with
defeat, and become the dictator of the terms (if
peace, either at Philadelphia orlWashington, as
might best suit his convenieece r told the pleasurte
of Jefferson Davis. But it was $o fight on boy it
7 .
soil, and though it did fight wit the desperationof invaders, it tbught under the urse of Treason.
With the Army of the Futon] • all ibis was dif
ferent. It had marched from the soil 'of Virginia,
to that of Pennsylvania. It was now in the
North ;on free soil; at home. It was called upon
to expel the invader, and drive him from our bor
ders. It felt that the eye of the nation was fixed
upon it, and the hopes of millions concentrated in
it. And, although it fought an enemy, who bad
repulsed it at Fredericksburg, and - before whom
ithad retreated; when they last met at Chancel
lorville, it nevertheless fought 'him on the soil of
a Free State. in Pennsylvania—fought him under
the inspiration of Ilome„Loyalty and Liberty.
And now, when we put all the links of this
chain of circumstances together, it seems to us
that the hand of God becomes clearly manifest,
nut only in forging each link, but also in connect
ing them all together, and forming an entire chain.
How easy it would have been for one or the oth
er of these circumstances to turn out differently.
And if this had been the case, who can doubt, that
the Battle of Gettysburg might, and in all human
,probability would have been lost. And as an in
spired writer could declare, after a successful
engagement of David with the Philistines, " The
Lord wrought a great victory that day ;" so too
are we callisd upon to acktiowle.dge, that God
wrought a great victory for us at'. Gettysburg.
Who Can doubt, that God in his great goodness,
so ordered all these circumstances, that in their.
combined and concentrated influence, they should
give us the_ victory. Yes ! God gave us the Gen
-eral; Goitgave us the position ; Cod gave us the
defensive: God gave us the turning points of the
battle; God gave us the soil of Pennsylvania;
God gave us the invigoration of courage: God
gave us the, inspiration of patriotism ; God - gave
us the stimulus of the Right; God gave us the
Baptism of Liberty; God gave us the victory!
The hand of God may also be traced in our de
feats. Great nod numerous as our victories have
been. they have not been granted, without being
interspersed with defeats. And although our_de
feats have tint been so frequent as our victories,
they have been sufficiently disastrous to exert a
mighty influence upon us, and thus to become,
under the hand of God, a salutary ordeal, through
which he deemed it necessary that the nation
should pass.
Our defeats have become a Tod of correction
in the hand of God, to convince us of our errors
of opinion in regard to the character, design, and
strength of the Rebellion. We thought at first,
that it was a sudden ebullition of passion aroused
by the loss of the presidential election, and which
having neither "method nor determination, would
soon spend its force and then subside ; but de.
feat has taught us that it had its' origin in a long
cherished desire for secession ; and that kw the
accomplishment of its end, it had formed a deep
seated conspiracy, fur the outbreak of which. tine
election of Mr. Lincoln, furnished the mere pre
text. We also thought that the design, of the
Rebels, in passing secession ordinances, was to
secure some additional guarantee, for the securi
ty of shivery in the States, and hence we hasten.
ed to call a Peace Convention, to pass compro
mise resolutions, and to propose constitutional
amendments; but our defeats in all these elliwts
taught as; that their object W103, - ' not to gain some
sectional advantage through the long tried specif
ic, Compromise, but that it was, to dissoke the
Union and overthrow the Government.
When the Rebellion exhibited its determina
tion, by making military preparation, and warlike
demonstrations. seizing forts, stealing arm. and
ammunition, robbing thints, and setting at defi
ance the authority of the Government,we imagined
in our simplicity, that it could be mollified by the
'political panacea, called Non-Coercion; but the
shot fired at the Star of the West, and the thun
der of the batteries which compelled Fort Sump
ter to surrender, and Major Anderson to lower the
The Star Spangled Banner to traitors, in arms
against their country, soon dispelled the delusion.
When the Rebellion called out its form, mar
shalled an army, marched on Washington, and
threatened the Capitol, the President thought that
seventy-five.thousaud men would be amply suffi
cient to repel and scatter them, and the philo
sopinc statesman at the head of the Cabinet, ut
tered the oracular opinion, that it would he
quelled in ninety days ; butt the defimt of Big
Bethel, at Bull Run, and at Ball's Bluff, convinc
ed Dlr. Lincoln of his unar estimate of its strength,
and induced him to call out half a million of Mel)
to subdue it.
When the Rebellion developed military regime
es, adequate to meet and contend with this enor
mous force, repulsing it on the Peninsula, routing
it at Manassas, confronting it in Keutuck), baffling
it in Missouri,
threatening Ohio, and invading
Maryland, %se became cons limed that it was a
rebellion of unparalleled magnitude, and that to
put it down, we needed a million of men. De
feat so educated the nation, that it welcomed the
first draft.
And when the Rebellhin was able, notwithetand
ing a/I thin array of military power, to blockade
the Mississippi, to dispute our re-occupancy of
Louisiana. Tennesssee and Arkansas, to repulse
us' at Fredericksburg and Chaneellorville, to over
run Western Maryland, to press onward to Penn-.
sylvania, and to march upon and occupy Chant ,
beraburg. Carlisle, York and Gettysburg, then
the last scales fell froth our eyes, we saw the co
lossal proportions of the Rebellion, and became
fully convinced, that to defend the life of the Na
tion, it was indispensable, that a law should be
passed empowering the President, as Comman
der-in-Chief, to Call out the entire strength of the
Republic, should the exigencies of the war demand
it. And under the spur Of defeat it was done.
Our defeats hafe been made by the hand of
God, a school of experience, in which we have
the folly and absurdity of qv first wag ;
policy. What it ?It was the policy of cells
ciliation. It constituted the American invention
for conducting war on peace principles.. It ig
nored the first great political commandment, Sa
les populi supreme , est lez, which freely translated
means, The salvation of the nation is the supreme
law of the land ; and it gate no heed to the sec-.
end, which was like unto it, viz: In war weaken
the enemy, and strehgthen youriself by the use of
all the means sanctaoaed by the code of civilized
warfare. It involved the contradiction of waging
a war, according ttalie Constitution, for the sup
pression of rebellion, and at the game time ignor
ing the fact that, according to the Constitution,
traitors in arms against it have foifeited all rights
under it, and deserved nothing but confiscation
and death. It watt the arrogition of the posses
sion of greater wisdom in politicalaffairs than He
who said, "They that take the sword shall perish
by the sword."
Under the guidance of this policy we began by
endeavoring to banish the thought of Slavery from
our minds, interdicting the mention of it by the
lip, restricting the pen from writing, and prohib
iting the press from printing it. Let Slavery alone!'
was the specific of conciliation. Defe,„, , •; '
taught us the folly of supposing that conciliation
would plieily an organized rebellion, and that
it could be suppressed without touching its
cause. This brought us so far as to begin to think
and speak, write and print something on the sub
ject of the bondman and the free man of color;
but we were yet very - far from offering freedom
hi the one, and acknowledging the manhood of '
the other.' We still gave assurances to disloyal
masters that their slaves should not be disturbed,
and when, under the instincts of freedom, they
fled to our lines, our Generals ordered them to be
seized and returned under escort to their owners.
Defeat cured us of this absurdity, and advanced us
another step. We were now willing to see them
leave their masters and come within our lines,
and while we were unwilling to become slave
catcheis for rebels, we could not bear the thought
of putting a spade into their hands to dig in our
trenches, much less to take a musket and fire it
at a traitor master in arms against the govern
ment. Defeat knocked this stupidity out of us,
and compelled us to make another advance. We
were then prepared to declare the slaves of mas
ters who were actually engaged in fighting against
the Union, free, encouraged them to take refuge
in our camps, where we gave them protection,
and Ihruished them employment. But we still
thought it 'Would he too humiliating to us, and too
aggravating to our foes, to enrol and arm them as
.oldiors of the United States. Defeat has. how
ever, at last conquered out prejudices, and we
new raise regiments amen the slaves, accept re
cruits (rem among the free people of colei, draft
them with the same wheel, which draws the name
of the white, man. equip them as soldiers, give
them as position in , our armies, and confer upon
them the place of honor. And notwithstanding
the disadvantages under whichlhey have labored,
they have vindicated their claim to manhood, co
vered themselves all over with glory, and demon
strated the folly of the former, and the wisdom of
the present war policy of the government.
Our defeats hate also become the scourge-in
the hands of God, to constrain us to do right.
-We had become so accustomed to oppression, un
der the yoke of which We subjected the r Atrican
to hopeless bondage, that our eyes were. closed,
Loth to the enorunq of this national sin, and to
the political and moral dangers, to which we were
thus exposing ourselves. To conciliate the Slave
Oligarchy, we were anxious solo amend ttlh Con
stitution as to rendbr it foreverimpossible to re
move slavery from thceseceded States. We were
willing to go farther still, to declare that we would
never interfere with it in any of- the territory of
the United States. Fes' Unlike our fathers,
who would not tolerate the word slave in the
Constitution, and who While they granted an in
direct protection to it, nevertheless did so in the
expressed hope that the States would themselves
eradicate it from the land, we were not ashamed
to,propose to compound a felony, to become parta
kers of other men's sine, by obligating ourselves
and our posterity to let - Slavery alone, politically
and morally, forever. But the baud of God, be
ing in the war, Was stretched forth to prevent us
from becoming partici], e s.criminis with Slavery,
and committing nationad suicide. When Butler,
the patriot son of Massachusetts, uttered the ma
gic words. Contraband - of war, over the head of
_a fugitive slave, the politicians turned pale, their
knees trembled; and they asked in cetist4:rnation,
To what are We (aiming r When Fremont—the
gifted path-tinder—the representative man of
Freedom, issued the Military Order in Missouri,
••And if he (the Rebel in arms) have slaves, they
are hereby declared forever free, - and Hunter
re-issued it in South Carolina, and Sherman did
the same in Louiiana, its authoritative force was
broken by the modification and recall of the cau
tious and prudent, 'though honest and patriotic,
President'. When secession first showed its teeth,
and exhibited its brazen front, Congress, though
_elected under the banner upon which was inscrib
ed the motto, "Restriction to Slac,'iry in the ter
ritories," was intimidated and refused to insert
the Wilmot Proviso into the territorial bills before
it. But defeat has changed our views, corrected
our mistakes, weaned us from our idols, rebuked
ua for our sins. and brought us to repentance.
The politicians uow not only endorse Butler's po
sition„hut regard it as behind the times; our Ge- -
not only hnitate Fremont ,in deelarnig
slaves free, but they command the Freedmen, as
soldiers in their armies, redeemed from bondage;
Congress has not-only 'passed a Confiscation act,
but it has prohibited Slavery from ever entering
the territories, and biudithed it from the District
of Columbia; and the President has not only, as
the Chief Magistrate ,of the nation,'recommended
the passage of nn ad offering comptinsation to
the loyhl Border Stated' for the manumission of
thhir slaves, but be has, as Commander-in• Chief
of the Army and Navy, issued a Proclamation of
Emancipation, striking the chains of servitude
from the hands of three millions of Africans in
the rebellious States. And while political dema
gogues hate endeavored, uulthe stimulus of
party feeling, to delude the pet. • and array them
against the Government; beeanse it has dune
right, their efforts base pros ed utterly abortive.
and the nation has risen up in the majesty of its
strength, and declared in tones of thunder that
it would stand by the Government, because the
Government, under the goadings of deti.at. has
been made to stand by the Right.
HI. And the hand of God will also be seen in
the end of the war. War is a terrible calamity:
civil war superlatively so. We deprecated thin
war, with natural and awful dread. To avert it,
we stood prepared to do almost anything, regard
less of its moral character, or ultimate cease-
minces. When all efforts to prevent it failed,
we hoped that it would conic to a speedy end.
But we have been disappointed, for the war has
raged more than two years. It had a begin
ning; it has made destructive progress; it must
come - to an -end. And as we have traced the
hand of God in its might, and discovered its
presence, in both' victory and defeat, during its
ongoing, we shall also behold it in its end—in the
time of its end—in the manner of its end—in the
results of the end.
lines the reader ask, When will it end That
God only knows; we do not, but we do know
that His hand will detennihe the time of its end.
Turning the telescope of the philosophy of histo
ry back, and examining the different phases of
the war, with the immediate results attained at
this and -that period.of its progress, IN ' can readi
ly discover, that if it had closed with the year in
which it began, it might have proved disastrous
to the nation; and that it it had even reached its
limit, with the termination of the sectind year of
its progress, all the invaluable Moral and political
results secured since that time,
would have been
lost. And as the philosophy of redemptionteach
es. that 'great spiritual blessings can only be se
cured through vicarious sufferings; so too, does
the philosophy of history teach, that great nation
al blessings, can only be attained through physi
cal suffering. And as the hand of God overrules
evil for good in the moral world, so too does His
hand overrule evil for good,in the political world,
Now, if God be the fouudet of this nation, as the
fathers of it believed, then'must He have a cor
responding end to accomplish through it. And if
His hartd be in this war. then will He so regulate it,
VOL. 72....WH0L
i n
as to constitute it a mean for the futherance of
that end. And what end be regarded as com
mensurate with the establ shment and preserva
tion of the American natio 7 It 'is not conject
ure 4 - answer, The four foun ding of an Asylum of
ii
Liberty. But Slavery Is t e very opposite of Lib
erty, and as we have 41e ted and extended it,
its presence rendered it i possible - forliis to at
tain our end. And if God has ordained that this
nation shall fully answer its end, then must Sla
very—the disturber of its peace—the defiler of'
its sanctuary—the cancer at its heart—be cast
out ; and the war 'cannot and will not Tad, until
4'
this result is secured beyond: a peradventure.—
The barriers, in the way of attaining "a consum
mation, so devoutly to be wished," have been nu
merous and formidable, but the hand of God has
been made strikingly visible in removing them.
The obligation to protect Slavery, imposed by the
compact of the Constitution, was removed by. the
Rebels themselves when they cancelled the bimd,
and repudiated the obligations it imptised upon
them. Foreign intervention has been 'prevented
by Might. by Diplomacy, by Emancipation And
Northern' partisanship has been overthrown by
the spirit of loyalty and patriotism, liberty and
religion, exhibited at the Rollot-Box. And from .
all this, we Venture to draw- the conclusion, that
just as soon as the nation shall, under the discip
line of war, be purified from political corruption,
educated in political principle, weaned from the
love of human bondage, elevated in moral excel
lency, and induced to form the governing purpose
to support the government, to defend the right
and to maintain the American axiom of Liberty,'
at all hazards and at every sacrifice, then, and
then only will the war cease: for then, and then
only will the nation be prepared for peace; and
then, and then only, can peace become permanent
and prove a blessing.
Does the-reader ask again, In what manner
; will it end 7 That too, God only knows.- But
as there is always a moral stand-point from which
we May contemplate war, according to which it
has a right and a wrong; and as God is the God
of the right and the enemy of the wrong, it fol
lows that God must look with favor upon the side
of the right. And as the question in dispute in
this war, is none other than whether Slavery be
right, and ought to be protected and extended:
or whether Slavery be wrong, and ought to be
restricted and abolished ; or whether Liberty he
right, and ought to be fostered and disseminated,
or whether it be wrong, and ought to be circum
scribed and overthrown; and as from the instincts
of humanity, the dictates of reason, and the im
peratives of the law of God, it becomes indispu
tably clear, that Liberty is right, and Slavery
wrong, it follows, that God must take sides with
Liberty against Slavery. .- And as "the powers
that be are ordained of God ;" and aNgovenunent
is "an ordinance of God ;" and as rulers who ex
ercise these pciwera and administer the govern
ment, are the ministers of God, to execute wrath
upon evil doers,•and to inflict political condemna
tion upon rebels who resist the powers of the ad
ministrators of government, it follows that God
must approve of the cause of government, and
coedeum the cause of rebellion. And as the Con
federate States of America have inaugurated a
gigantic rebelliOn against the United States of
America; and as the Government of the - United
States is the hest form of government ever devi
sed by man, and as the rebellion of the Confeder
ate States is the most unjustifiable and wicked
that the world nas ever seen, it follows that God
meet espouse the cause of tht United States, and
frown upon the_cause of the Confederate States.
And as God's hand is in this war; it must become
manifest in determining the manner in which It
shall end. And ender the guidance of the light
of God's Word, the examples of history, and, the
progress already made towards a successful ter
mination, we conclude that it will end in favor of
the North, involving the maintenance of the su
premacy of the Federal Government, the preser
vation of the integrity of We Constitution, the
perpetuity of the American Union, and the inde
struetability orthe.life of the nation.
. .
And what can prevent the war from ending in
this tanner? Nothing, which appears in the
sphere of human vision, except a general aposta
sy of the nation. Should it embrace again the
errors of opinion corrected; return to the course of
folly reproved, abandon the right to which it has
been brought, and undo all that it has done .tb
wards the extinction df Slavery, then it wouldbe
possible that the hand of God might be withdrawn
from aiding us, and our enemies might become
victorious, either in subjecting us to their rule, or
in dismembering the Republic. And what would
all this involve? It would involve a compromise
with traitors in arms, an abandonment of the war
policy of the Administration. the re-establishment
of Slavery in the District of Colombia"; the remo
val of the ban of Slavery in all the territories, the
withdrawal of the offer of compensation to the
Border States for the liberation of their slaves;
the transformation of Western Virginia into a
Slave State again, the repudiation ofeinancipa
non by Missouri, the re-establishment o 'Slavery
in Maryland, the abandonment of the nion by
Kentucky and Tennesse ; the repeal of the Pro
claination of Freedom; the remanding into Sla
very of the millions declared free; yea, the offer
ing up of Liberty, to be slaughtered as a sacrifice
on the block of Slavery, by the blood-stained hands'
of Southern traitors and rebels, aided by Northern
sympathizers and abettors.
And when will ell these things come to pass ?
We shall make ;Mother compromise with slavery
when it indemnifies us for all that we have lost in
life and treasure, pain 'and anguish, by its viola- '
tion of all the real. We shall adopt the white
glove war policy again, when the fathers and
mothers, brothers and siStees,widows &id orphans,
bereaved by it, shall forget -their sorrows and
cease to mourn, We shall enthrone Slavery in
the District of Columbia again, at the time when
e shall celebrate the coronation of Jefferson Da
vis, us the' Emperorof all the United States. We
shall withdraw our offer of compensation to the
Border States, when the United. States Treasury
shall be declared bankrupt in the _national ex
change of the world. Western Virginia will be
come a Slave State again, when her mountains
shall sink to the level of her _plains. Emancipa
tion. will be repudiated by Missouri when her iron
mountains shall be transformed into lead. Mary
' land will re.onslave her freedmen when the Poto
mac shall flow over the Alleghenies. -Kentucky
will abandon the :Union when the name of Henry
Clay shall fade ti the memory - of her sons, and
Tennessee will, de same, when the hones of
Andrew Jacksons c hall be burned onthe funeral pile
of the State. We shall repeal the bills restnct
ing slavery in the territories, by the Congress
chosen at the time when Vallandigham shall be
elected President of the United States. We shall
offer ap Liberty_to be sacrificed, when Plymouth
Rock shall be exported for inerchandize, and
Neu England blotted from the map of the Union.
Aud Ahralutin Lincoln will recall the Proclama
tion of Emancipation. and remandsthe freedmen
into bondage again, when the dead 'shall rise &din
their graves, and live and move and have their
being on earth NOM.
And does the reader ask, finally: What shall
its immediate and ultimate results De? If as we
bade just seen, the hand of God will become man
ifest in &terming when and bow it will end, so,
too, will it bet:eine manifest iu securing its legiti
mate results. The war, ended by the entire over
throw of the rebellion, must bring with it a most
extraordinary political transformation. It will
introduce the era of a new creation in the sphere
of politics, Old things will pass away, and all.
things will become new. Slavery win receive its
death blow and die. The moral impurities, which
flowed from it, will be stuffed or. The degradif
tbm to which :it- subjected the African race will
cease. The ignorance and 'poverty which it en
gendered, will be removed. The aristocracy.,
which it bred will c ollapse. And the disturbance
which it was constantly creating, as an element
of discord iu the body politic, will come to an end.
The African, so long down-trodden, will rise un
der the fostering care of education and religion.
Labor will become honorable, under a unitbrm
system, over the whole land. Emigration- will
pour into the South; Northern enterprise will
cultivate its fields and develop its recources. Free
schools will radiate light from a thousand Centres.
The Word of God will be unbound. The Church
, of Christ will be relieved from the incubus of
Biala), With all its concomitants. The pulpit,
with its tongue loosed, will declare the wholt3
counsel of God ; and' the desert of the sunny, but
once slave-cursed South, will blossom as therose.
The slaveholders will see both the folly and ini
quity of their course; the poor whites of-the
South, who supported them in it, will learn that
they Made themselves the arbiters of their own
fate, and the whole North will be ashamed that
it could even connive at so monstrous a cruise.
A better understanding will take place amongthe
people ; sectional jealousies and animosities will
cease, and the nation in all its parts will become
homogeneous.
' Slavery removed, it will cease to be an element
I of corruption is our political-camp:4M and the
elective fratiehise will he restored tocompanitive
purity. The -seven detils of party I'O6ElOl, be
cask out, dad the titire`spirit of loyalty atid-patri-,
otism will eater in: The false political mottoes,
involving the odious principle, that the end sanc
tifies the - means; will be scouted from the minds
of the people, and their political conduct will be
saved from their corrupting Influence. The De
' claration of Independence will be re-affirmed. and
the inalienable rights of man every- where ac
knowledged. The Constitution, according to the
design of its framers, will need no alteration as
the organic law of a nation of freemen, save per
haps an article prohibiting slavery forever. And
the Union will be perpetuated ; not the Union as
it Was, nor the Union as it is; not the Union as
the fathers made it, but the Union as the fathers
designed that it should become; but the Union
which the degenerate Slave States refused to make
it, as their fathers had enjoined upon them, and
which, under the hand of God, the loyal States
shall be constrained to ;make it; not the Union
of States half slave and half free, but, the Union
of States, all loyal and free.
And then will commence the new era of self
government in America. Then will begin a ca
reer of national progress, such as the world has
never seen. All the resources of the land will be
rapidly developed, emigration will multiply, the
population will increase, agriculture will be auk
mented, commerce will be extended, mechanism
will be encouraged, labor will be rewarded, edu
cation will become universal, science will be cul
tivated, literature will be disseminated, wealth will
abound, liberty will boenjoyed, and religion sanc
tify-the nation.
Yes, America, divested of slavery, will become
consistent with herself, add under the fostering
care of the hand of God, will become the mighti
est nation on the globe. The force of her exam
ple will be felt among all thenations of the earth.
And having herself become free, God will honor
her as the standard-hearer of- liberty among the
nations; and as she shall march forward, in the,
course marked out for her by Providence, she
will, by her controlling influence, cane the thrones
of despotism to totter and fall, the scepfre of tyr
anny and-the yoke of bondage to be broken, and
thus usher in the day of Jubilee, when the Angel
of Freedom shall ascend the political heavens,
and taking the trumpeter God, shall proclaim Lib
erty to the earth, and to all the inhabitants there
of.
NO. 3,706.
From the Washington Chronicle May 4th.
THE COME OF DAVIS.
We trusted, for the credit of our Anglo-Saxon
race, that there would have been no necessity for
'the publication of the proclamation of the Presi
dent elsewhere printed. Many rumors were in
circulation averring the complicity of Jefferson
Davis with the murder of our late President, but
as one of our own *blue-veined race, and having
attained complimentary mention from pure and
good men in other countries, 'we felt convinced
that, in addition to his crimes against the State,
he - would not have added a crime against the life
of a man. He had been a traitor, - and we. could
scarcely believe him to be an assassin. He bad
wielded the sword with too much power to per
mit the thought that he would have descended to
the Stiletto- In this, we regret to find we have
been too charitable. It is now known that, while
Booth pulled the trigger, Davis gave him the pis
tol and pointed the muzzle. In shooting Booth
we not killed the assassin, but the instru
ment of the assassination. The head and front
of the offending still lives, and the President di
rects the vengeance of the American people to
ward the real criminal. The blood of Abrahani
Lincoln is still unavenged, and it becomes the du
ty of the nation to visit upon Davis and his col
leagues the severest retribution.
It is not for us to divine the motive that led
Jefferson Davis to direct the assassination of Mr.
Lineeln. While his former life might place him
beyond the suspicion, there is nothing in his ca
reer as the "President of the Southern Confeder
acy" to make this crime foreign to his character.
To give words their true meaning, we must con
sider the whole contrivance of "the Confederacy"
as an organized assassination.' Mr. Lincoln was
the last; and not the first victim. Thousands of
good and loyal men were seat to their graves by
this bloody war before he directed his vengeance ,
alma the President. Romantic judges of the
character of Davis may find a hundred examples \
in history that he might have copied without de
scerilling so far beneath the very lowest pitch in
the Calender of crime that words cannot portray
the baseness. •He might have been a Catalina;
but the haughty Roman had courage and pride
that were above the deeds of midnight murder.
He might have been content with the name - of Ar -
.uold ; but the first American traitor never added.
assassination to treason. He might hov — e been a
laminae; but there' was a tanahcal sincerity in
the character of this rude and melancholy bigot
that never belonged to Davis. He might even
have been a Borgia; but the Borgias slew men
with a purpose, and when they resorted to the
dagger and the bowl it was to maintain power
and to destroy rivals, who would willingly have
administered•to them a similar fate. lie might •
even have been a Booth, and taken his-life in the
right hand that fired the dreadful billletrbrit there
was a courage amid the baseness of this wretched
man that-Davis has not shown. We can thinkof
no other- comparison. The hundreds-who died
on Tyburn tree rise iu dignity when placed at the
side of this monster. They belonged to murder
and robbery as a profession.' Davis accepted it
us a privilege and a revenge.
The President has, therefore, properly set a
price-upon this man's head. As a political offen
der he might have found an asylum in France or
England; but no nation on earth will dare to
shield him from punishment. He -cannot plead
his recent "Presidency" of a rebellion, for inter
national laws recognize uo -political cause for as
sassination. He will be brought to justice, as
Muller was taka to England. when he fled from
the murder of hie victim to find a refuge in New
York. He has made himself the common enemy
of mankind, and as such the earth can give him
no refuge. The honor of America demands that
he should answer offendedsustice, and the power
of America will enforce that demand. Traitor,
purjurer, tyrant, thief, assassin, his memory, whe
ther he live or die, will be far more infamous, than
that of the wretch who carried out the dreadful
purpose. and died the death ofa dog in the swamps
and kennels of southeastern Virginia.
STATES OF SERIIENDERED lIEREIA.
- There has:: been much discussion as to the
exact status of the officers and soldiers of Lee's
and Johnston's armies, recently surrendered to
Gene. Grant and Sherman. The following from
the Army and Maw - Jaarnal presents the case
clearly and we regard it as a correct exposition
of the relations the surrendered men sustain to
the GovernMent:
The last great wroth of our dead President was,
in connection with the Lieutenant, General, to
plan the terms upon _which the surrender of the
rebel armies should be made. Nothing shows the
certainty of General Grant's military plans more
than this, that he and Mr. Lincoln were able to
count definitely upon the defeat and destruction
of Lee's army, which must bring with it theilefent
or surrender of Johnston's army.
Foreseeing these great evente, which virtually
close the war, it became necessary to invent some
method by which the rebel armies might be die
banded safely, and yet with such hold over them
by the Government as should affix a penalty to
farther resistance. The result of the President's
deliberations with General Grant was the offer
to Lee of discharge on parole for' his whole army.
General Sherman has offered the same terms to
Johnston, and it is scarcely to be doubted that he
will accept them.
By many, these terms were tbought to be too -
lenient; but they seem to me to be -greatly wise,
and to effect all that is desirable. Ho could not
bold the whole Southeni armies as actual priers.
ners in camps. This would have been cruel and
useless. It was not right, on the other hand, to
stiffer these soldiers to disband without any res. ,
traint upon them. BOth evils were avoided by
the conditions adopted. The actual condition of
these men is prisoners of war on parole not to
serve against their country till regularly exchang
ed. Of course they will not be -exchanged, and
they are, therefore, bound, under penalty of death,
to refrain from hostilities against the Government.
At the same time, they are assured of safety—
the Government has bound itself, by accepting
their paroles as prisoners of war, to treat them as
rightful belligerents. The terms of their surren
der' relieve them, if they observe them, from the
penalties of treason. This, ton, is right and ne
cessary, for nu one wishes to persecute the South
ern people.
Finally, they are prisoners .of war, aud,,of
course, alien enemies by the
-terms they have
themselves accepted, and they have for the pre
eat no tights of citizenship. These they can ac
(pin) only by taking an oath of allegiance and
fidelity to the Government of the tinker, and aban
(toning, by formal and solemn oatb,,# ll allegiance
to any other government, poWer,nr ruler. 'hen
they do that, they are restored to the rights of -
citizenship. Tbose who refuse have no right, to
chdm the privileges ofoitizenship. • ,
It is clear, therefore, that the te"rm"s proposed'
by General Grant cover the whole ground,. and
settle at. once the status,of the-rebel seddierstosext
point out how they may, regain k . witla earcti-tp
the common welfare, the rights andlifivilegeilif
American citizens. - Therefore, we think these
terms wise, far-'being, and comprehensiye.