El
. l __.”
which had been suspended have been hiip- may cease to be a matter of so much a
' pily restored. and are desiined,l trust. to imszemsntabroad how it happened that
be i rig preserved. The two rdpublics, our noble army iii Mexico. regulars and
bothEittiated on this conlinent.€and with volutltt’fl'v “'9“? "0'07”“ “Pon 9W"? bflt'
"'ctiti'i‘r 'innris territories. have every motive tlerfifld. howo"?! fearful the odds against
of sympathyand of _tnterest to bind them iihem . . '
together'in'perpetu'al amity. The war tvith Mexico has ihtrs fully
This gratifying condition of our foreign developed the capacity ol republican gov
relations renders it unnecessary for me to ammonia to prosecute successfully ajusi
call your attention more espstFally to them. and necessary foreign war with all the vig
lt has been my constant aim and desire or usually attributed to more arbitrary
to cultivate peace and commerce with all forms of government. It has been usual
nations. Tranquillity at home. and peace- for writers on ptiblic law to impute to ie
ful relations abroad, constitute the true publics awantof that unity, concentration
permanent policy of‘ our country. War. of purpose, and vigor of execution, which
the scourge Ofnaiians. sometimes becomes are generally admitted to belong to the mo
iiievnable, but is always to be avoided narchical and aristocratic forms; and this
when it can be-done consistently with the feature of popular government has been
rights and honor of the nation. supposed to display itself more particular-
One of the most irnpontant rfiesults ofthe ly in the conduct of a war carried on in an
warinto which we were recently forced enemy’s territory. The war with Great
with a neighboring nation. is the demon- Britain, in 1812, was to a great exteiitcon
stration it has afforded of the military fined within our own limits. and shed but
strength of our country. Before the late little light on this subject. But the war
war with Mexico, European and other for which we have just closed by an honora
eign Powers entertained imperfect lic erro- ble peace, evinces beyond all doubt that a
neous views of our physical strength as a popular representative government is equal
nation. and of our ability to prosecute war. to any emergency which is likely to arise
' and especially a war waged out of our own in tl.e affairs of a nation. ‘
chantry.' They saw that ctrr standing ar The war with Mexico has developed
my bit the peace establishment did not 81- most strikingly and conspicuously another
ceed,lo,ooo men. Accustomed themselves feature in our institutions. It is. that with
to maintain in peace large standing armies out cost to the government or danger to
for the protection of thrones against their our liberties. we have in the bosom of our
own subjects. as well as againstiforsign en- society of freemen, available in a just and
emies. they had not conceived that itwas necessary war. virtually a standing army
possible for a nation without such an ar- of 2,000,000 of armed citizen-soldiers,
my, well disciplined and of long service. such as fought the battles of Mexico.
to wage war successfully. They held in But our tnilitary strength does not con
low repute our militia. and were far from sist alone in our capacity for extended &
regarding them as an efTeclive force. unless successful operations on land. The navy
it might be for temporary defensive opera- is an important aritt of the national de
tions when invaded on our own soil. The fence. if the services of the navy were
events of the late war with Mexico have not so brilliant as those of the army in the
not only undeceived them, but have renio- late war with Mexico. it was because they
ved erroneous impressions which prevail- had no enemy to meet on their own ele
ed to some extent even among a portion of ment. While the army had opportunity
our own countrymen. 'l‘hat war has der of perfortning more conspicuous service,
monstrated, that upon the breaking out of the navy largely participated in the con
hoslilities not anticipated, and for which tluct of the war. Both branches of the
no previous preparation had been made. a service performed their whole duty to the
Volunteer army of citizen soldiers equal to country. For the able and gallant servi
veteran troops. and in numbers equal to a- ore of the officers and men of the navy.—
ny emergency. can in a short period be acting Independently as well as in co-op
brougbtinto the field. Unlike what would eratton th‘h our troops—in the cont-{pest
have occurred in any other country, we of the Californtas, the capture of era
were under no necessity ofresorting to Cruzrand the seizure and occupation of
dranghis or conscriptions. 0n the centre other important positions on the Gulf and
ry. such was the number of volunteers who Pacific courts, the highest praise .is due.
patriotically tendered their services. that iheir vigilance. energy, and skill rec.
the chief difficulty was in making selec- tiered tlie.most effective servicein exclu.
tions and determining who should be dis- tilng munitions of war and other supplies
appointed and coiiipelled to remain at home. from the enemy. while lheyleecuretl a safe
Our citizen-soldiers are unlikethose drawn entrance for abundant supplies for our own
from the population of any other country. army. ‘ Our extended commerce was no
They. are composed indiscriminately of all “he”? interrupted; and for ””9 immunity
professions and pursuits: of farmers, law- from ”“3 "”3 0' W’. the country Is In
yers, physicians, merchants. mannlactur (km-9d tothe "PVY- _
‘ers. mechanics and laborers; and this, not H'Bh Will“)! due to the Officer! of the
only among the officers, but the private several “Hume bung”. MU yflfdli &
soldiers in the tanks. Our citizen-soldiers 3mm“ Cfmlleufid “”h the Denice. all
‘vg unlike those of any other country in under the immediate direction of the Sec:
oer respects. They are armed. 6a have "3""! 0f the NM], for the industry. fore
b“\accustomed from their youth up to sight. _and energy. “”h. “h'Ch "NEW"!
11809.8“ use firearms; and a large pro- was directed and furnished to give elli
porttm‘r them. especially tn the western ciency to that branch ofthe service. The
. and mmpswly-settlsd States, are expert same vigilance existed in directing the
marksman They are men who have a operations of the navy, as of the army.—
"WWW" ‘maintain at home by their There was concert ofsction and of pur
good conduct. the field. They are intel- pose between the heads of the two arms
“gout, and theres a" individuality ofchar- of the service. By the orders which were
acter which is ‘tnd in the ranks of no from time to time issued. tiur vessels of
other army. In be“, each private man war on the Pacifiic and the Gulf of Mexi
as well as every Ollie," fights no, only {0; co were stationed in proper time and in
his country. but for g"! and distinction proper positions to co operate efficiently
among his fellow-citize,J when he ml” with the army. By this means their com
return to civil life. bined power was brought to bear success-
The war with Mexico ht demonstrated fully on the enemy.
not only the ability of the bvernment .0 The great results which have been de.
organize a numerous army up;~ a sudden veloped and brought to light by this war.
call. but also to provide it with at the mu- will be of immeasurable importance in the
nitions and necessary supplies \“h des- future progress of our country. They
patch. convenience. and ease. and “direct will tend powerfully to preserve us from
its operations with efficiency. The sling") foreign collisions, and to enable us to pur
of our institutions has not only been.” sue uninterruptedly our cherished policy
played in the valor and skill of our tron.a 0' " peace With it” “WW“: entangling lil
engaged in active service in the field. be “a“?! With "008-"
in the organization ofihose executive bran- OCCUPying. as wgdo. n more comman
chcfiyhich. were charged with the general \ing position atiiong’ nations than at any
direction and conduct of the war. While '9'?" petiOd. our duties and our respon
too great praise cannot be bestowed upon “blities '0 ourselves anti ‘0 flower”! ”8
the officers and men who fought our bal- ”frenondlofliy increased. Th"? Wt” be
ties. it would be unjust to withheld from the mac ”bV'U‘" “be" We consider the
these officers necessarily stationed at home, '8“ “IQ-“0“ "hie“ have been recently
who were charged with the duty oflur- made [0 bar territorial possessions. and
nishing the army. in proper time, and at lhe'rg'f'flt mportarice and value.
proper places. with all the munitions of . w'm'" lea. than four years the annexa
. war and other supplies so necessary to “°" °f Tex“ ‘0 the Ufll‘m h" been con
lraalte it efficient, the commendation to ’“mm'edianwnfllcttng title tothe Ore
;fiwhich they are entitled. The credit due 3”” “""o'l with of the 49th degree of
,‘(0 this class of our officers is the greater, "on“ latitude, be”% all ”N" was IDBIBtEd
when it is considered that an army in an- °“,by ""3 of "5] P'Nteceflsors. has been
"Uptentor modern times was ever better ap- "dJ‘l‘ledfi NH] New Mexrco and Upper:
pointed or provided than our army in Mex Q‘l'fo’m“ ha” me” ““lu'red by "WW-i
ico., Operating in an enemy’s country, “"39”“ 0‘ the“ “twat Territories. no-1
“i removed 2000 miles from the seat of the cording 'O.“ ”no” carcfuilg W’PMW ”It
federal government. its different corps ”'3 L°m""”'°”" 0' the metal Land‘
H spread'over a vast extent of territory, hun- Office from ”"3 "‘0" ”menu“ information
;“drgdsdandeven thousands of miles apart '" h” 9°”ess'on- and “”"Ch " herewtth
i,.{s99t9§°hl°‘h°'t nothing short of the un- "in‘mmed' ”“8"" 1'193-061 “l“are
~ twig); vigilance and extraordinary energy miles. or 763’55.9:040“°'“5 whilethe 3
Fri .91.? bificers could have enabled them re" 0' the "mum": men'Y'MW States,
ofplt'gvldel'tbe army at all points. and in and ”'8 ”mu", not Y“ organized into
m “P." 53830". Wllh all that was required Slam" 9““ “lhe ROCKY Mountains. con-
Vfiir‘tlie'most efficientservice. . '9'" 2059.513 {quire miles: or 1318.-
91”. bitten act ofjustice to declare, that 126’058 scrcsr lhe” “(immcs ”ho“
~ theofiicers in charge of the several execu- that 'he.'"m°”" ”cam"? "9991"“: and
l’i'd‘huragh'. all under the immediate eye over which our exclustvsJurtsdictioi: and
”N 90?" ision ofthe Secretary of w". dominion have been extended. constitute
if Pfflofuedi'heir respective 'dulies With 8- 8 country more than half as large as a”
of!!!” 90,68)“ and efficiency. They have that which was'lield by the U. States he.
‘ biped kn,“ the glory of the "a" not fare their acqutsittoo. If Oregon .be ex
. but” "h’eén personally exposed ,0 m per- eluded from the estimate. there will still
file in brittle. than theircompanions in arms; remain “mm" "H? ""3"“ Of Texas, New
.hut'withdut their forecast, eflicientaid,& ”Fm" ""d C“"'°"'"’- 35"599 ”qua”.
compaction. those in thetfield would not "3".“ or 545‘012'720 "re“ being an “d'
thQfihenprovided With the ample means ditton equal to more than onetthird of all
,th9¥«potissssed’ofachieviug for themselves the “mm.” ”Ml“! _by the United 3"!"
lfihmtgg‘fr- country ”my unfading honors before their acquisition; and. including
'ivh’l'ch’thsy have won for both. . B:;3°”t£“"hy I“ 3'“? a” ""11" °.r ""1"
h - - as ewo e 0 amps, ussia. on
3V so all these facts are considered, it excepted” The Mississippi, '0 lately “I:
frontier at our country, is notv only its
centre. With the atlditton ol the late ac
quisitions. the United States are now es
timated to be nearly as large as the whole
of Eumpe. It is estimated by the super
intendent'ol the coast survey. in the ac
companying report. that the extent at the
sea-coast ol Texas on the Gull of Mexico
is upwards ol 400 miles; ol the coast ol
Upper Calilornta, on the Pacific. of 970
miles; & ol Oregon. including the Straits
of Foca, at 650 miles; matting the whole
extent at sea-coaston the Pacific 1,620
miles. and the whole extent on both the
Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico 2.020,
miles. The length of the coast on the At
lantic from the northern limits of the U
nited Slates. around the Capes at Florida
to the Sabine. on the eastern boundary of
Texas, is estimated to be 3.100 miles ; so
that‘the addition of seacoast, including
Oregon. is very nearly two-tliirds'as great
as all we possessed belore ; ontl excluding
Oregon. is an addition 0! 1,370 miles; be
ing nearly equal to one hall of the extent
of coast which he possessed belore these
acquisitions. We have now three great
maritime fronts—on the Atlantic, the
Gulfol Mexico and the Pacific—melting
in the whole an extent of sea coast excee
ding 5,000 miles. This is the extent 0!
the sea-coast ol the United States, not in
cloding bays. sounds, and small irregu
larities of the main shore. and of the sen
islands. If these be included, the length
of the shore line ol coast. as estimated by
the superintendent oi the coast survey, in
his report. would be 33‘063 miles. ‘
It would be dtflicult to calculate the
value of these immense additions to our
territorial possessions. Texas. lying con
tiguous to the western boundary of Loui
siana. embracing within its limits it part
0! the navigable tributary waters ol the
Mississippi. and an extensive sea-coast,
could not long have remained in the hands
of a loreign power without endangering
the peace ol our southwestern lrontter.-
Her products in the vtcinity ol the tribu~
taries ol the Mississippi must have sought
a market through these streams. running
into and through our territory; and the
danger o! irritation and collision of inter
ests between Texas as a loretgn State, 81‘
ourselves, would have been imminent,
while the etnbarrassments in the comma-l
cral intercourse between them must have
been constant and unavoidable. Had Tex
as lallen into the hands, or under the in
fluence and control of a strong maritime
or military loreigu power. as she might’
have done, these dangers would have been
still greater. They have been avoided by,
her voluntary and peacelol annexation to
the United States. Texas, lrom her po
sition, was a natural and almost Indispen
sable part of our territories. Fortunate
ly, she has been restored to our country,
and now constitutes one o! the States ol
onr conlederacy. ” upon an equal footing
with the original States." The aalubrity
of climate, the lertiltty of soil. peculiarly
adapted to the production of some 0! our
most valuable staple commodities, and
her commercial advantages. most soon
make her one ol our most populous States.
New Mexico. though situated in the in
terior, and Without a sescoast, is known}
to contain much lertila land. to abound
in rich mines of the precious metals, Bntli
to be capable ofsustatning a large popula
tion. From its position. It is theinterme
diate and connecting territory between
our settlements and our possessions in
Texas, and those on the Pacific coast.
Upper Caltlornia. irrespective of the
vast mineral wealth recently developetl
there, holds at this day. in point of value
and importance to the rest of the Union.
the same relation that Louisiana did,wlien
that fine territory‘ was acquired lrom
France 45 years-ago. Extending nearly
10 degrees of latitude along the Pacific.
iand embracing the only sale and commo
dious harbors on that coast for many hon-I
dred miles, with a temperate clitnate, and
an extensive interior of lertile lands, it is
scarcely possible to estimate its wealth
until it shall be brought under the govern
ment at our laws, and its resources lolly
developed. From its position. it must
command the rtch commerce of China, of
Asia. ofthe islandsul the Pacific, of Wes
tern Mexico, of Central America, the
South American States, and ofthe Rus~
sian possessions bordering on that ocean.
A great emporium wrll doubtless speedily
arise on the Calilorntan coast. which may
be destined to rival in importance New
Orleans itself. The depot of the vast
commerce which must exist on the Pacific
w
probably be at some point on the bay
ol San Francisco. & will occupy the name
relation to the whole wealern coast of that
ocean. as New Orleans does to the valley
of the Mississippi and the Gull ol Mexico.
To this depot our numerous whale chips
will resort with theit cargoes. to trade.
refit. and obtain supplies. This 0! itself
will largely contribute to build up a city,
which would soon become the centre ofa
great§nd rapidly increasing commerce.—
Situated on a sale harbor. sufficiently ce
pacious for alt the navies as well as the
marine of the world. and convenient to
excellent timber for ship building, owned
by the United States. it must become our
great western naval depot.
lt was known that mines ol the precious
metals extsted to a considerable extent in
Calllornta at the lime of its acquisition.—
Recent discoveries render it probable that
these miner: are more extensive and value
ble than was anticlpated. The accounts
of the abundance 0! gold in that territory
are of such an extraordinary character as
would scarcely command belief were they
not corroborated by the authentic reports
of officers in the public service.‘ who have
visited the mineral district, and derived
the. facts which they detail from personal
observation. Reluctant to credit the re
ports In general circulation as tothe quan.
tity ol gold. the olficer commanding our
iorces io Calilornia visited the mineral
district in July last. for the purpose of ob
taining accurate inlormotion on the sub
jecl. His report to the War Department
ot the result of his examination. and the
tools obtained on the spot, is herewith laid
before Congress. When he visited the
country, there were about four thousand
persons engaged in collecting gold. There
is every reason to believe’thot the numb‘er
ol persons so employed has since been
augmented. The explorations olready‘
mode warrant the beliet that the supply is
very large. and that the gold is touml at
various places in so exleusite dialtict ol
country.
lnlormalion received from oflicers ol
the nnVy and other sources. though not rm
full and minute, confirm the accounlu o!
the commander of our military force In
Calilnrnia. It appears, alto, from Ihese
reports, that "lines ol qutcksilver are lound
in the vicinity of the gold region. One 0!
them is now being worked. and is brlirv
ed to be among the most pruducttve in the
world.
The efiects produced by the discoverv
of these rich mineral deposites. and the
success which has attended the lobors of
those who have resorted to them. have pro
duced a surprising change in the state of
aflarrs in Calilornia. Labor commands a
most exorbitant price. and‘ull other pur
suits but that ol searching for the precious
metals are abandoned. Nearly the whole
of the male population of the country have
gone to the gold district. Ships arriving
on the coast are deserted by their crews.
and their voyages suspended lor the want
of sailors. Our commanding otlicer there
entertains apprehensions that soldiers can
not be kept in the public service without
a large increase of pay. Desertions in his
command have become lrequent. and he
recommends that those who shall withstand
the strong temptation, and remain lnithlul,
should be rewarded.
This abundance of gold, and the all~en
grossing pursurt ol it, have already caused
in Calilornia, an unprecedented rise in the
price of the necessaries of tile.
That we may the more Speedily avail
ourselves ol the undeveloped wealth ol
these mines. it is deemed of vast import
-lancethrita branch 0! the aunt of the Uni
ted States be authorized to be established.
at your present session, in California.—
Among other signal advantages which
would result from such an establishment
would be that ol raising the gold to its par
value in that Territory. A branch mint
of the United States at the great commer
cral depot on the west coast. would coo.
vert into our own coin not only the gotd
derived from our own rich mines. but also
’ the bullion and specie which our commerce
may bring from the whole west coast at
‘Central and South America. The west
coast ol America and the adjacent interior
embrace the richest and best mines 0!
Mexico, New Granada. Central America.
Chili. and Peru. The bullion and specie
drawn lrom these countries. and especial
ly from those of Western Mexico and Pc
ru.‘_‘to an amount in value 0! many mil
lions ot dollars, are now annually diverted
and carried by the ship's of Great Britain
to her own ports. to be recoined or used
to sustain her National Batik. and tho»
icontribute to increase her ability to com
mand so much ot the commerce of the
world. I! a branch mint be establish?”
at the great commercial point on that
coast. a vast amount 0! bullion and specie
would flow thither to be recoined. and
pass thence to New Orleans, New York.
and other Atlantic cities. The amount of
our constitutional currency at home would
be greatly increased, while its circulation
abroad would be promoted. It is well
known to our merchants trading to China
and the west coast at America, that great
inconvenience and loss are experienced
from the lsct that our coins are not cur
rent at their par value in those countries.
The powers 0! Europe. lar removed
Irom the west coast of America by the At.
lantic ocean which intervenes, and by a
tedious and dangerous navigation around
the southern cape of the continent of Am
erica. can never successfully compete with
the United States in the rich and exten
sive commerce which is opened to us at so
much less cost by the acquisition of Cali
lornia
The vast importance and commercial
advantages 0! Caltlornia have heretolore
remained undeveloped by the government
of the country of which it constituted a
part. Now that this fine province is a part
at our country, all the States of the Union,
some more immediately and directly than
others. are deeply interested in the spec
‘dy developement of its wealth and resour
ces. No section ot our country is more
Interested. or will be more benefitted. than
the commercial, navigating. and mannlac
turing interests at the eastern States.—
Our planting and farming interests in eve
ry part of the Union will be greatly bene
fitted by it. As our commerce and navi
gatton are enlarged and extended, our ex»
ports of agrtcultursl products and of man
ufactures will be increased 5 and in the
new markets thus Opened. they cannot fail
to command temunerating and, profitable
prices.
The acquisition of Caliiornia and New
Mexico. the settlement of the Oregon
boundety. and the annexation at Texas.
extending to the Rio Grande. are results
which. combined. are of greater conse
quence. and will add more to the strength
and weaith of the nation. than any which
have preceded them since the adoption of
the constitution. a
But to ofiecl these great relulta. not
only California. but le Mexico. must
be brought under the control ol regularly
organized governments. The Hitting
conditionhof California. and of that partof
New Mex‘icotying vrest ofthe Rio Grande,
and without the limits of Texas. imperi
oolly demand that Congress should. at its
present session, organize territorial gov
ernments over them.
Upon the exchange of ratifications ofthe
treaty of peace with Mexico on the 301 h
of May last. the temporary government.
which had been established over New
Mexico and California by our military and
naval commanders. by virtue of the rights
of war. ceased to derive any obligatory
force from that source of authority; and
havmg been ceded to the United States,
all government and control over them un
der the authority of Mexico had ceased to
exist. Impressed with the necessity of
establishing territorial governments oVer
them. I rrcominetided the subject to the la
vorsble consideration of Congress in my
message, coiiitnuntcriting the ratified treaty
of peace. on the 16th of July last, and in
voked. their action at that session. Con
gress adjourned without making any pro
vision for their government. The inhab—
‘itanta, by the transfer of their country,
had become entitled to the benefits of our
laws and constitution, and _yet were let:
without any regularly organized govern
ment. Since that time. the very limited
power possessed by the Executive has been
exercised to preserve and protect them
from the inevitable consequences ofa state
nLanarchy. The only government which
remained was that established by the mil
itary‘autliority during the War. Regard—
ing this to be a defacltr government, and
that by the presumed consent of the in
habitants it might be continued temporari
ly. they were advised to conform and sub
mit to it for the short intervening period
before Congress would again assemble and
could legislate or. the subject. The views
entertained by the Executive on this point
are contained in a communication from the
Secretary of State, the 7th of October last,
which was forwarded for publication to
California and New Mexico. a copy ol
which is herewith transmitted.
The small military force of the regular
army, which was serving Within the limits
of the acquired territoiies at the close of
lhe war, was retained in them. and addi
tional forces have been ordered therefor
the protection of the inhabitantr, and to
preserve and secure the rights acd interests
of the United States.
No revenue has been or could be collec
ted at the ports in California, because
Congress failed to authorize the establish
ment of custom houses. or the appoin‘ment
of officers for that purpose.
The Secretary of the l‘ressuiy. by a
circular letter addressed to collectors of
the customs, on the 7th day of October
lastfia copy of which is herewith transmit
ted. exercised all the power with which he
was invested by law.
In pursuance of the act of the l4'h of
August last. extending the benefit of our
post olficelaws tn the people of California.
the Postmaster General has appointed two
agents, who have proceeded. the one to
California. and the other to Oregon. with
authority to make the necessary arrange
ments for carrying its provisions into effect.
The'monthly line of mail steamers from
Panama to Astoria has been required to
“stop and deliver and take mails at San
Diego. Monterey, and San Francisco-”- '
These mail steamers, connected by the
isthmus of Panama With the line of mail
steamers on the Atlantic between New
York and Chagves. willestsblish a regu
lar mail communication with California.
It is our solemn duty to provide. with
the lethal ptacllcable delay, for New Mui<
co& California. regularly organized terri
turtal governments. The came! ul the lat
lure to do lltls at the last set-tion of Con
greaa ate well known, and deeply to be re
gretted. With the opening prospects of
increased proaperit, and national great
neas which the acquisition of these rich
and extensive territorial possessions al
lmda. how lrtaltonal it would be to forego
or to reject theae advantages. by the ugl
tntion 0! a domestic question which is co
eval with the existence of our government
itsell, and to endanger by internal strilea,
geographical dtvuions. and heated contests
for political power. or lot anv other cause,
the harmony of the glorious Union of our
conledernted States; that Union which
binds us together no one peoplemnd which
llor sixty years has been our shield and
protection agaimt eiery danger. In the
eyes at the world and posterity. how triv
lial and insignificant will be all our internal
divisions and struggles compared with the
preservation ol this Union of the States in
all its vigor and with all its countleae‘bles
sings! N 0 patriot would loment and ex
cite geographical and sectional dtviaious.
No lover ul his country would deliberately
calculate the value of the Union. Future
generations would look in amazement up
on the lolly of such a course. Other na
tions at the present «lay Would look upon
It with astonishment ; and such of them an
desire to maintain and perpetuate thrones
and monarchicul or ariatocratical princi
ples. will view it With exultatiou and dc-
light. because in it they wrll see the ele4
ments of laction. which they hope must
ultimately overturn our system. Ours is
the great example of a prosperous and free
sell-governed republic, commsnding the
admiration and the imitation of all the to
vers of freedom throughout the world.—
How solemn, therefore. is the duty. how
impressive the call upon us and‘upon all
parts at our country. to cultivate a pstri
otic spirit of harmony. of good fellowship.
ofcompromise and mutoslconcession, in
the administration of the incomparable
system "7. government formed by our lath.
era in the midst ol almost insupersble dil
liculties. and transmitttetl to us, with the
injunction that we should enjoy its bless-