W.‘ urn" ‘1 “31nd 05ml!
.'L'»!
ifimgiona&.lraa’siir“s?6&;*7
tantwats
The ", DEMOCRATIC BAFNER'V lfl pu‘byislqu
weeklv. o'n Wodnuduy mornings, 0182 per nnn‘izm
~47! ‘9] 75 if mlcl’m'gdvnnceu - ' A. ‘
«(No array" be discontinued (unlramntlhg ap~
"on or] ,0 edutontpn'tll all arreungeq n_ro inuud. .
' ’ WAQchsamenln, &c.. at tha uaunl mics: "
1" 0E TR Y .
HOW BRALL 1.. MEET THEE?
' ' mm mm nice! thee‘ Y;Wlih Iho mm,
' Thofreu, loud mm of other years!
. -, .|'Vilh.,lhe docpJervonlJoy that must .
Expiuu‘lllelf in lilcnl (cum:
. ‘ Wm: «gar gmp; and glutldan'd mno.
~ = finch-mules u to: our cluldhood mourn I
No;—Fnendshlp blooms no more for us, _
" Tiu'lu'ng aincol hm mot thee lhun!
now 01ml,” moo! lhee' f—th‘llm blush
That kindlel m thins anmmt'guzp. ‘
While quick thoughts u'cr my npinl runh,——
The. uiveting hp my henn bolmys: .
Willi 93m vih‘oab {ulMi-‘ingiunccenla bromho
Thulnllbhng jog that In: beneath ? V
nag—Such mm rcnma are not flor 111,
“In nol‘wilh to meat than thus.
"Ranch" I meet lhoo l—With on eye ,
. That had: no brighmcn. yol no team
Wilh heodlpn Lane and cqld reply, ‘
‘Tho chm"): garb indifl'or'onca wenr‘a;
Will! ndden' be": yet careless mien.
Ravenlmg nought ofwhul has been 2
Yea! Chan 99 Ind have nlter'd us
Man! that f mun meotvtlwo (huv!
. -‘ , New Monthly Magazine
For me Democratic Banhe?
Love Tale.
Thou an Iho Vi‘clor. Lm'o.’
'l'hdu an the mudgmh‘. crd‘wd‘d. mu IH9
"' ~Th’omnngxh or thuhmdo idlg'n'onsd 11100:: ..
Mm- : Thoipjtiflwm about :1 .s, v'.=
"In 6 b‘al'dtttitult‘vhllo}, r 5, rom‘o‘éed rréin'um uu’r
motl .Pgl‘déhifnnerv 01]?“th xtlid cli—ljtysq! li’ud .‘l‘lho-
If!!! tt‘ttd..lz‘Jlom'.‘,;__'fi)‘hc;ji $339.11! thofic‘hildro’n’ q!“ nih
lotgqtig’l (umpmyhpl.dyg§lt “.9“? ,pngh‘ 'othgg. qh’d
whorl} farms, warp .muhed. by n shonmifu! creek.
thu mgunglerpd through "'OEIVhOIO length ‘9‘ the
wake, .- With. thin uilvqmmrenm and in Impound:
mg ioénury; I'm well acquainted. an in thoday
«otmy‘boyhood haw-{wandered along its green
bunks. ‘piucking 1h?) :guy flan-on thnt adorned-tho
adJmt'n' mouth, or linaningm thd song that‘wdn‘
mum: fidrfl'ito'aphrklingtw‘hiom for pom huVo
1 0:66;! ufioft it. ihoroc'. tempting its lent); inhabit‘
Tutti With th‘e'wé" bnitéd'hookldr 'tnlki'ng l 6 the}
Kit“! "I!!! prioidod o'ek itp' lgbn’flduhigin‘t’.’ Thq
’l‘33B‘ g‘iéi’tal mi: 'addr’r‘ti‘tq' finnkl ute'old n’bhuuTh
‘t’éhc‘éif i'fi‘hq‘ibtl‘t'gh iflqrhl’l‘t' h49’6“\\l"nd&3t‘l 'Whe'n
'qbr’pp‘ghdd «Chico rerb'rxiéd' t‘lx’cifi f'u'nh Ihé'tm‘vhg'ela
of v'vi'nte’r, ~(ind 'in 'ndtumn l‘ hnyo :ouglrt lho!r
ohgdey} whcnthg yqllqpv _lpuvqs, enihlamq of decay
{pg myrtélgtyl qur‘o (niltlpg thick prggpld mix, :Neqr
the bucket tlliu cthlt. stood the nquigp {n which.
Ellen,reuded., It wan-n plain 119 m .bullding of
conyenicnt dimension-.aunoundcd lain, Inlioly‘ol‘
mdigonoua trees-and ahrubmv; 'l‘he'fnrm attached
(wit, ms woll cultivated. and embncbd within Sil
limit: 5 cave." which «uni very much celebrated
throughout that courtt'ry.’ 'Hdving’n full iharo (If
my grcutgmndmuther Evo‘l_ begatting Dill. curiuai~
Iy, l wan very c'ttfidéirtb'aco" film; the bottom 0!.
this'wo'nderlq! cav‘em mu coihpodtiil of; In'i'irder.
thuot‘ow. Ia accomplish this o‘bjefl."l, one plenum}
oummornltornoon. munlarod n thmcihnt'fétcfl from
among‘my fellow-nudénta. um! mmd bf! with tho p
dpyemipdgfy'q of exploring the raw/.9 mliIY-‘j‘nmml
ddplhq.‘ W6.[oun'd ounclvel a! its mouth nflor a
walk of About {our milea, and afgcr havmg muted
our wlnr'y' llrpbl (by d that? flrhd. dowyfwe _ we'm,
afie‘ifiéih‘fidthq. é‘qin'eunié; c’ma‘l'idg‘,paujsaiao’.
limglyhding tbréugh nlud and mire. AI Jenglh
Wownnhedfivhnl misfit boTlorm‘edim apology forfn
cavern :I 01' [Ma bol'l'q'mku'lk ”"sng of puré; My".
{ldlinzfizvhl‘ch'nlb‘ynlf 'd fiqpik,'qhil‘,,vlgking rewardeh. in
our negro}; for, cuxlolih'el,‘ with the bones olu lor- ‘
lohe, we wofldod‘ In the upper rogionl._ We now
fou'nd‘ai‘fifil‘veu inil'youl .ui‘é‘ .éjqfixe‘b'jcfflld'iléqll:lhe
pgdy gfiflfiffir Was gifoyluhpving‘.b'bopgdmggod
unipomound mnwallimfi Tiny ”by Achilleb: row
«comm hmtb“ ram twin. 'iuud am am: Aha:
m‘al‘linqfiu‘rnollei‘Wéblg “ab :BucontV‘ub fiigibié. we
{Huck} wanna humoucnfln " boo “118.210! lho
Iforu'tlid Itimo mansion : here we fiaro inviied, by
:13 bpopilglgy ighhfi'fl‘ytmifi'ulny’t‘ofi ten," but
lhii’llflld Inu'ri'la‘lion’ wlo‘ bbjjloly doclmnd. and. of
-‘!."..”,‘:§Pg;fs“?.fh?"g‘W‘ pilghgnfl millfiyofl‘fp"
MB. A pope mllq further up zlye “calf. stood
lié’fiafiiioh’fn’ Mfiéfi dufhéio g‘éii‘efr’dlly‘idsl‘qu.
n «mi 11918}: Mmefiulrdmd.‘ mfimo'med by ‘emm
midi. ahmli: ‘bmswmmiumena to it', warmi-
«m.- i’l’ gonad “anondullivaxiom 00an real
“93. mm” gaggidql‘lhig,flencripfionuofelb‘eat'l‘
wurfiw'mnfifie.s;.hwllcann9t.b~'nm MW“
lecigrfiofggpzrémengd' 9"" bly‘l'dingol' thqbopre
uh! It'- in; out‘ ql‘lhe grguuéar; You Wfllfimwfl:
M VWJWM. 'u’nfi ‘tvefiiflgalixafléli'ilh fifiél‘ yo)!
lu'vo got. Non in order. com", “16 défibrifiliorilo'f
par [info and hdroine. ’Knd‘ Ilplbqgiq; Thdmnu ,wnl
U’yt‘iflfiyifiyfi‘beinlle‘itu‘lui-e. v‘n'na 'h‘qd "a?! good 9!) “
“which ll dfly'qchéoll'in-Ih'o"v‘aildi‘could’uflord. !
”i Mioifluniu'lyjn his doponum,‘ inJullfibu-i
awhwn’ynminsli In'lm'igioua matm’a! hwy.
"2W; tannnhfison kw mmleriaqtho
6H "”9!qu I comi’uem trquovtnlqp U 1 ”1..; 5m
“MWH‘WH aq'prouy‘ hi th’e geqpmklilfivéryoung'
’tmaava‘mmsaw;'ana hermahmmz. mad;
Mlid3idllblB3 'Slio dndefibou‘hd}Hdfiollié‘lldi
unjtumdll qh‘d-harzgdhcmlmfl awe. a" 86:5me
QHPIAQIThPmMS ,r .LjVinggyvnqar qwluother; "und
flog-5,9i-mifiqn:l9?rr.s9p§ifdinswmu”in» mm
a“ iohqrgfql th’a‘t lhéy’bhqglq '“Vfifilllfl {pyqlhpg
‘dlbi‘iha‘éfiv'ovlyn‘iifiiéd? Sin junk]: my log. ”ng
“W."lmy‘fiu'l‘flw‘é’r‘é énrir'né'cl .' ‘ and:)’dd;‘flcl6r&:
m 1: Y‘mavna m l‘oo.e~nb’v'ign;'whhém ih'l'o‘rihb‘
huiqfiflthih Innuo’ lm r-~ «am .nz-L’S'om
mimrpnimw -. Ihm‘mfiku MI was» ‘Juiipr'iii J
...'" . m .., -.1“-.-.‘_€‘-’A" ‘ ' I
._. ‘ ‘ ‘eruqn . ‘ . ~
‘ . vm‘ f..z,».t.-~..._..,,VV....."..‘.” rm-" > ’ '
H! n A" - ..‘... ' ' ‘l V" "‘""""'P_**' .... :m- : m 4" ~..., ~ ‘. . ‘ ' . L > a '
_ » _._? ‘ ..‘ * "W .N "
I J r! . u .‘ ...,“ .4 : ~ ' .. -. Van..." . ..M ,"Wflr ,
V II “ '»—-».. -.’ ‘2‘ I, ‘ i. 'l’ "‘1'?! 2'l 'l7" .' ’ ,I v )r ‘ * «.‘., .m- I} 'N‘
' I ’5,- =‘.4.' ,_ ."M I . "11:1 i.. | "‘ Ah'i‘u -’II‘ In, , ,
_ . . .. | ’ ‘ .. wv' w . ' '
v ~.I I. , . . . , ~ - - .‘H 'w ‘ ’ ‘ ‘
,3 .- \ - v ,1 1" ‘ rpi ' 5“ i ‘ "‘ g
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7 _.H - 1, .4 . .J.\ ~ \ . . .x, ‘
_._—‘,-,V___7777 .-51‘ 'V . u ' ~ ‘" . _q., V ‘ ‘ ‘
w .‘ .'nl..z ~~g;.,,". ~‘. Hf; 3.3::‘n .._.‘,\‘ A " ’l‘ ‘ _
- r.,,;, l-:- H, ‘r: 1‘: r. ‘ ,‘ i
=
and drag her from a vivirtery grove‘l" 'l‘io'iuch
thing. "Well then. did they not rambi'e through
the B"°"'ft.“£'..d.v vpyingetcrpp} congtn‘nry, call up:-
on the NF'W'flnd Dryads to , iviflne'ss their love i"
:[Not‘that‘l “o.”ng Butt ivill tell yolnfivhat‘lhay
‘did 40. . f_ -—— ’i'lioy went to house~keeping !_—-
:Vlfiovtv don't. gentle reader. don't fly ,into a passion
“att_d lose all solf~rentrol,lhut.keep cool nod act like
a philosopher? if you want to know why I have
‘i talked about the rave. groves. sunny fountains, &c.._
lcan easily tell you; it was just because I had
{nothing else to talk about. My story is nothing
{more or less then one of those plain antiquated
Lthings called matters of fact, and this, lsupposc, is
”he most disa greeahle feature of it. Brit ! aim nol
in-f‘ done; (on! intendto read‘the Ireader a’short
_leeture. When you commenced perusing my sto
ry, you; no doubt. imagined that l was going to rc~
late the history of some of those‘ ticticious beings
that exist only in the brains of novelists. Had I‘
done so. in addition to doing you a real injury, I
would havoryviolaled my own principles. Thou-J;
ands-of our fellow-beings, spend much oftheir time‘
imresdinga mass of corrupted trash, that is com
tinually flowing from the public press in, the shape
oflovq talss. From thesa‘hey gain nothing usetul.
but on the contrary. they generally prove very in-
Jurious. Memory is dehasod, the empire of. reason i
.is subverted, and a volatile imagination in substitu
ted. l ttm not. therefore. disporied to throu; in my‘
crust. to feed this depravedand degenerate appo~
tiie.‘ L'JI me ask you reader. whoever you‘are.
young or old, male or female. is the store-house at
your mind filled with all the lore of the post?—
Aro Socrates and Plato {"thde WWII; Your 0‘“
qunintaneosf 'Can you solve Ill" “Y“"imfl PM!"
'ol’theWnndbrers.’ Do you understand Iho in“
mortal theories of Lock and Nentotil Can 7°"
talk Wllh nature us with it familiar friend, 0' can
you listen to lho’vsitrhhme musié ofthe sphere! ’—
‘Are all elrth'slanguages thine. and can you num
her all her nations and. tribss I Are all the scien
cos your intimate companions. and all the arts youri
servants; If you answer in Ihei negative. l‘aslt,i
I why spend your-time upon suelt'" insignificant trashi
'as-love tale! and novels, when so much that is use
; lul nml nohl'e is yet to be learned? hit us be wise:
i fellow-mortal. and test our tictions to the males
jand bats. Our time is very precious._ It is infin
4|er more va‘luahlo‘ than goldmnda’t is flying away
with a' rapidny that mocks the speed at the lighti
ning. Let us therefore improve it. We have rid
,tiras to play. ' Ltle is no fiction : death’is no fic
. tion, and the scenes of sorrow and iniquity. that
‘ Iva Vdaily wlthessi .are no fictions :L—thoy are stern
Lrealities. ;ls it not strange. 'lherofore.‘ that one»
. tureg'surroundsd by so much that is seriousyshould
prefer lolly to \vrsdum. lies to truth, rndvignorsoca
to knowledge! Cast your eyes. my friend. upon
.the human'ts’rnily. and when you have explored
this-great field, read novels! Listen to the voice
ofDivrne Revelation, hear it speaking of Death.
Judgment. and Eternity t and when you rival to
wisdom'tho inspired prophets of God, sat down and
devote your time to love tales! But until that is
the case, you had better discard-the light liter»-
ature ofthe ,day. and turn your attention to the ac
quisition of knowledge. Do you not admire those
mighty spirits. who devoted their 0113!;ng and lives
for the benefit of their fellow men. and whose
names are written upon the scroll of everlasting
lame. But whatwv‘vouldi'our sensations be, ifthe
biographer of Newton should write. 3' I. one day,
found this great man deeply engaged in reading
the latest novel 1" Certainly we should feel very
muchps Stephens did, when. in searching for the
rqrpb q|jfh¢mistscles. he came across the wooden
head-board quoted to the memory at John Johnson!-
But it“ wagondemq a practice of this kind in great
men. why not inlourselvsst tr we esteem them
It mmplct “by mymefit by fiem.’ and triltoy.
amour. guides, \t'hy‘not p‘ul’tiyc the pathsfltltat they‘
point out. and in which they have “talked! vA’
chaste imagination is much to 4 be desired, as it is t 1
soprpoofheppiness that never fall}. . To it we can‘
apply :iyhen other moons of pleasure and instrucs
tion are cutoff. and by it, thesehours. whirzb'. to
punymrefnll of ennui, may be rendered not only
tolerable. Ibut agreeable. The truly learned man
is never alone: place him amidst the vast solitudcs
ofSahnra. and in a moment he conjures the spirits
of departed signs uroimd hitntmtd convenes with
”Email" _wuh familihr 'fricnds. Confino him 'ifl the
f =., . “If", Hanan.l
ilarkgiu, call that uyor iyrunnxfliuillnnnd in an inv
sinnl. iii? wind, mucking (_ho gloomy walls, bursu
inl‘o freedom. and mum; at large pvnr mo .wholn
faqo 6! the enrlh. But an imagination (if. lhi- kind
cnnnqvor'ba qpqnircd'by wading light and frivo.
loliiilflrnlés; {or i! is "go child of n .wplhdlgciplincd
arid Niall-rem) 'mind. , .!., might, enumerate mnny
plgniiiren ‘gnd mlvunlngcs. that. flow {ram liup
known/ledge. mid many migeriqnnnd diandypnlugea.
[hutflqry from lhp Want ofil ; bin ,l'hopo llmvo
’ qgld dnouglug inducp 19.914“: {gnu}. lq ,givo lhia
cubjficz .your sprioua. gqrrgiglorpgiqn. “And. now..
llirppgh l'cnr, ‘llrut you large pot discovered-Ihc
‘l’iéPF’ll‘fl', of my '9“ lglay‘lwill .eudqayqr to point l
“Wmsl’l’l lo xpu. , Influx? firuplnco. b’g holding oul
your favorite amusement. M abatil, l have sqccac.
Vded in neuing you to (end my lecture And in
the acudnd.pluco. {have-informed yon 'll] a fdleor
Whlch you Willi-ehrch-ficlldn' I'n nib; un'd that in,
‘llmLyéung-peoplo'may lovo'dn'd 'b‘é hia'rriod, with;
:out any pnrliculurgflirmion ulfiut- ll'l n!ao,‘l'fint it
is no! absolutelyinqaoilury, i'n 'orde'r I'o firlhg ‘uboui
an than! n! this rkind. ’ihn‘t lhé hflqfil‘llquldqqscuo
Ilia heroiné, Twin" ellliér fire, _wqiirrflword. or pen
l‘il'cth‘OLlVl I‘4. 7 1‘; , .u.‘ '.-' . 4:1,! ' v '
._ .Lumben surveyed ‘ at4-Bdngor. ‘flw past
buiiheap “season; ‘171.738,808 féé‘t. He"
Imbntlmy'a'pd (my ‘rfi'i_§libit’é7}fc'§i Juni-[be
“in?“ .93???"3¥i‘09§.123é’r£}. A. ~ ..
(10134151 ' r {ll3l
OSORTA'BULKRUM.
.. i 1
.t,•r;
C’LEKRF-lEL-D, PA. Mm (-26,.- (845..
‘F‘rocii the Ponim’tl‘ianniin_‘Reti'quer. V. I. , 1
ltEl’plt’l‘ '01? 2‘ll}; seqntfijhtgt‘r‘ O‘rf STATE.
'.. The 91.3550!!! ilwg‘oliationw
{The Waphinglon Union. publishes the
cnrreapondence ol the State-Department,
with the British Miniaterpunon the Ore.
gonqueatiun.‘Thefiratilelterlii;lromMr.
Fox to Mr. AWebster. dated Nov. lsth.
1842.1. including anexlract oia tleapntch'
from Lord Aberdeen..in which the wishes
to! the Government Dilemma Britain. in]
rupect to a negotiationyarelullyset lorth.
Mr. VVebster’s nnswer [is tinted Novem
ber2stli, in which he is directed to any
that the President concurted entirely in
the expediency-of making {the question.
inspecting the Oregon territory. of imme
diate attention and negotiation: between
the two governmental . V y ,
The next letters are from Mr. Pakem
ham. envoy extraordinary. to Mr. Upsher
then, Secretary, of Statehtnlorminguhimt
that he was ready. to conler with him with
n tiew- to ulterior negotiation, and Mr.
Unsher’n answer, nppointingatime, Feb.
27th,n344., .
The nexl‘letler isiluled Jul 22d,1844,
from Mr. l’aklenham‘ to Mr. éalhuun. in
lmming hint of the steps taken in the ne
gotiation, which the sudden death nl Mn-
Upsher'had it‘unrlcrt‘d with. and repeating
lhc desire to proeeed. lu,lheicnnaidergtionk
ol the'questioii; to which ML. Calhoun
tienln' replyl Aug, 22d. appointing next
day for the,gnnl_erence. which was-accen
ted., The“ eqnlerence adjourned lo meet
Monday. 20m. lohearprbpopalerom the
respective pyérntpentsiflAhtlie “lit-dron
{Hence millili- Amei’iean Mplcnipotentiaiy,‘
Mr. ,Czilliptin..preeente,d a “written‘nlgteJ
ment ol his views ul they/claims‘ofithey-i
nited States. and declined to necept the
Bxiitish minister’s._proposal. ,Thia letter:
and thennmer of Mr. Pakenliam pregame
lthc. argumcnifl de‘ancrd ,by. the two gov;9
legumemsh ,gustaining their, respective’
claims”: Mr. Calhoun. declines thenrpne
'sul nl theßdthhnt'ilinisleri- on theywnd
that it Would have the client of restricting
the possession of the United States to Hit}?
item-la: more circumscribed than .thetr
claims clearly, entitle' them to. It prone--
Bed toslimit theirnorthern boundary by in
line drawn Lnom the Rocky Mountains a~
long the,49mt.parallel of latitude to the‘ ‘
northeneternmoat branch of the Columbia?
river. n'nd lhen’ce‘duw'n the middle ofthn‘.
tgiverjto .the Bani-giving _to Greg; BHWO
all the country north, and to the United
Statehfinll s‘ou‘th‘ ofiillitil lihe'.‘ eic'ep't ‘a de
fached territory‘extending on'the Pacific
inndtthe-‘straita of Fuca. from Bulfinch's
harbour'tu Hood’s canal. ""l‘oikvh‘i'cli'it is
prepared, in'addilibn,‘ to make Tree to the
United Stat" any port whihhitheUntted
States gova'nm‘ent niight desire, either on
the mainland or on Vancouver’s inland,
Booth at latitude 49 degrees. This paral
lel asstgnn in Great Britain anm'ost the
enllré'iegion‘wn it's "of"! tilde) drained
by the Columbia river, lying on its nor
ern bank
Mr. C.-thei't brings forward'our claims
totha portion at the tetritory drained by
the Columbia River, which we posscsg in
our oyvn proper righthand those we deriv
ed lroni France and Spaih. Captain Gray
a citizen 0! the Uhited States. passed the
bar at the Columbia river. and anchored
miles above its mouth, on the 11th of May.
1792, and gave it its present name. This
claim of discover and entrance is oppos
edli the allegeJ discoveries, of Mearoa
mu {’ancoover. Theto'rgneqwfivelears
helore Captain Graft! Bia’cov‘e‘rf, explored
a portion of that east through 'wbich the
Columbia llows,‘ Cut left a rc'cold'in his
ownjournnl that he did not discover the
river. and in co'naequencc'ol' the lail'ure,
called the promontory lying north at the
inlet when; he expected. to disaover it,
Cape Disappointment. and the inlet itsell
Deception Bay. Vancouver, in. April,
1792. explored themame. coast; but it ig'
no leasxertain' that he failed to discover
the llivgr—ohwhich his own journal lur-‘
nishes-tlie most conclusive evidence. 4 He
waasubsequently informed of Gray’s .dia-'
cqvcr‘yt, and entered the River 00.Ut&‘29.h
ol O‘ctoben. - , ‘ .
The evidence of the priority of our dis
cqyery oi. the head branches (if the Colum
his [liver and its explog’alion is equally
concinsive, ,Lcwis'and Clarke. in the
expedition in the summer of 1805.'reach
ed the head water: at the Columbia. and
descended jttithefmodth flit-(M river, and
wi terc‘d bnyszipc Disappbintment. Mr.
mihoun‘raya: e -.. - A ~. -
7‘,” dgisrthis‘impgrtanft expedition which
brofught' td’vthe. knowledge.“ the. “(odd
3 this‘gteatrfliyerethe greatejt bthar .nn ‘
the We'sjérn eidehoi th'is v continent—with
its" ppmflous breaches, and, “I.9.".3_’“'W:'
gififimlhmpgh which ‘ itflo'wiy. above the
903 mm WWWW 9nd Vaticvuver had
ntitehded. . it took piece mawjeara bo~
fore it was visited and CXplored_by;any
subject of Ggent Britain, or of any other
civilized na’tioif, go'fnrl as We Arejnlo‘rmL ,
ed, It as clearly entitles us to the cinim
or priorin of discoverieegkto its head
branches and, the exploitation of the river'- ‘
amt-region through-Which. itpns’m‘. as the ;
voyagoo,qf»Cuptain Grnywand the Spanish =
navigator; 'Hecetapentitled us" “i pii’orityj I
in reference to its‘mbulh, and (hecntrauco ;
mto Its channel."
Our priority of séulement is equally
:ceflqinu ~, ,g 34"ng -. ._.-' .1 (LE
“Establishments Mere farmed .. by: _Av
merino» cittzenl on the Columbia of! early
=EMI
iiiigiE
as laogriinlidilfsloi , .lnflht" latterryt‘nh‘ (I
company wax-formalin New York. at thi
head otwhich was John Jacob Astor. ,9
wealthy merchantolt that. city. ‘lll.°.oP}€Cl
ot which was .to. farm in regular .'.;cgtamwol
establishments on theColumbiornlenand
the contiguous ‘ coasts ofthe; {’aclfictflor
commercial purposes. Earlyfiitf'lhs! 85": th
at 1811', they made their. firetveetabltaht
ment on the south side of the rivorwa (qu
miles. above“ Point. George. Where they
were; visittSU'ln 'Juty. following, by 'Mr.‘
Thomps it. a surveyor ondnastronometrof;l
the N(Wl?l“'(’st Company, and his party.-+-‘
1 hey had been sentout by that company
.to forestall the American company to oc~
cbpying thentouth of’the river, but:l'ount|
therhseiresdet'eateddn thelc object. The
Amertcanfeompa ny' formed two other ea
tablishmenta higher up theyriver—one at
the confluence oi the Okeoegan.,witlt the
north branch 0! the Columbia. about at:
hundred miles above its mouth; and the
other on the Spoken, a" stream falling into‘
the north branch, some filly milea above."
These posts fell Into the. possession at
Great Britain during'the war declared the
next year. but were restored by the 'erea
ty ol Ghent, which placed our position
where it"was=befote it passed into the hhnda
of British subjects, ‘ ' ‘ " ‘
'l‘o theee claimo are added 'llle claims
of Ft'anceand Spain: ' .» ‘
H The former We, obtained by the trott
'ty~of Louisiana, ratified in 1803; and the
slatterhyrtltc treaty of Florida, ratified-in,l
IBM). -vßylthn'tormer, weocquired all the
rights whleh'lli‘rance had to Louisiana, "'tofi
the lewlcntlt'tlt‘tbw has" (1803) in’ UtC‘Jtle’bi‘
of Spain; I and that iit‘thtzd‘ tithen' ”fiance:
‘pors'ets‘etl'tt.jundone/t as it‘ shouldee‘af-Jg
(er ”18 treaties atlbst’lfllmtll’y entered ”Imof‘
by Spont‘dntl'olfier lb'talee. " B'y-ihe lat-,;
”ter.’ his-Catholic Majesty; “.ccde'd rto' l/tc‘
1 United Sluice all hta‘ richly. claims oh‘d‘
lprelenaionsf” to thetcttutljtry lyin‘g‘=Weet“
l-of'thé‘Rp’cky Mountains; ‘-antl”'rNo't'tlt olfn,"
['lineldroun on tile 42d'parltllel Ol’ltlt'tlildi’,"
r'trom n‘_pnint an‘the-Suuth bank ofthe lAr.
,‘kan'oas. in that [innuendo-the South‘ Sea ;
"that'ist‘to the «hole rdgi‘on ‘ ctdimed' ts‘ ;
s qt‘n‘pwut‘ot those mountainegt‘andEnoHti
orlhat line. ‘" f" "
.f'gl‘he u'ession at Louisiana gave do un
disputed title"Wcat of the Misatssippi, eg-l
ten‘dio‘gto the summit ol the R°°ls.7.M°‘!'}"l
Autos; and,‘ ettfet'chihglaoulh"betw_ee‘n they
l'riyeij'and'tho'se‘ynoun‘taine 'to‘ the'poit'a'esaa
tinn‘ of Sp‘ixi‘t'i,‘ tlie‘lihe bettfie'éh"ftvhteh‘oridi
‘oitré‘ was altc'iwntd'a ’det'drtt‘iin'ed‘ by thel
treaty of Florida.” ,‘ ‘ ' "'
. "‘ Pie then" proceeded to make‘ an elabor
‘a't‘n argdtneht on the title w‘hiefij'é‘dti'tinuity
glVeSé'andUiing‘e‘ For'itiiml‘ the ddtiteet hey,
titreen Great Britain and France. 'which‘
was terminated by'tltc treaty or T 753. up
having arisen on the aide-pl Great [Britain
on this very ri ht of Continuity frotn'her‘
Coloniee‘nlow‘ighe United States. extend~
ing w'eatwor'd to the Pa‘c‘ific,‘ j'l‘h‘ex'resull
of this contest, hit me, tore’cloées Great
Britain ' against contesting thevprinciple
particularly‘egainat us.’
The treaty of 1753‘, between England
and France, after the wiitr.” ' fixed irrevo
cably’ the Mississippi River oxthe perma
nent boundary between the pos's‘éssionsi of
England and France; and extinguished in
'favor of France whatever claim Great
Britain may have had to the region lying;
West of the Mississippi. ' ‘ I
t "It ot' coupe conliFn'oteflect the rightsl
of Spain—the'only'other nation which had i
anyépretence‘ of claim west of that river ;l
but .it prevented the right of continuity i
pre'nousty cJaimed by Great Britain {mini
extending beyond it. and transferred It to"
France“ The treaty of Louisiana restored
and-vested :111 the United States all the
claims acguired lay France antlaurreoderi
ed bytfireotßritnin,underrthe-prhvisionsl
oftltat treaty. to the .:country-w'est (if the:
Miseiemppi, and; among others, (hexane int
queltton. .Certain it is that Frame had
she same right of continuity, in virtue of,
her possession vol-4Louistana. bade-me 'ex
ttngutshment'ot. the right. ‘ol'England.'bV'
the treatyn’f 1763,40 the whole cou’ntry‘
westetd' thev Rocky Moutttains.‘dnfi"ljir.=o
:west of.Louiaiona. as against Spaing‘Which'
England had- to :the qountry \vegt‘vfi'aa at
in” Allegheny mountains, as 'against
tFtance~oith this diilerence, ‘that spam
‘had nothing to. oppose to‘ the c'lai'm'mt
France, at: the time, but: the tight hung.
‘COV?'.Y=S and even that.iEngland hassin‘ce
“PM“: WhilE'Frnncc had opp‘oeed‘toithe
right 0! Englandriin her case. that’of dis-
FWPUR ewl'dmtiboradd settlement. 'lt
'9. therefore. not a't nt-atltiaurprlsinh, that
'Franceehooldtclaim the country iieat ht
”'9 Ro9sl]nt‘odola~ins'."(as mity be th‘terréd
“0'1”!" fnqpse) on the same principle that
Great» Brttatnhad clatmed and dispossess
ed hernfjthe regions west of the"All'eglie-‘
OY3; or that the—United Staten/as" soon as
they had’ocquired thewtights 'Ol Frame.“
should desert ithe same 'clai'tta,'_a'nd taker
measure? tmmediately'a'rter.’ to explore it.
,wrth aevtew tn-oc'capation n'hdaet'tlem'ent.
I?!" linen thenftve have sttcngthened oii’r
tttle. by addingftoiou'r otVn’ proper claiiiiti
and those of :France’, the‘ claimé‘i'tlao'; at
.spainetbx 'the :t'r'eoty '9" Florida; ‘as had'
heencltatedtm' t." “v“‘t‘ ‘- IT‘ '“ ' “"7!"
forte; elalcnev Which' Wé‘haie” acquiied
thorn hem between '~’t-he"Rbclty' Mott laid”
pad the!Pacitiowe'stloitfihéWprtorjty iii ““9
Wet-- .Nu'me—tmwoy‘a'géibruisc‘o'tci‘y:
””99“!”3 "l" "1’ . ”I!” of » .Vl'alt’ltinadok in
Egan-ndund'iogmith 4h“. titill'e’r‘i G a‘lih’e‘f
pagaad Vance. "I‘3792,"Wefc'bnde‘rnk‘ené
151 W Sfimfié’ifiWfif‘l? N9}: 7f;-W!IQI§FFQ;‘,?°§EZT
:hy henrnuthorxity. ntongrtlmmonth-weltern
coast Tot“ North‘A'mn-Jnuu , 'lzhot- they dis.
covered and explored not onlythezentirc
coast of what ion-mow. called the omm.
Territory, but still .turther north.,tis Mac:
too well established to heuooot‘rotretteumt
this laterdoyt. Tho .voyagemrwhiuh.g|..,
pertarmedmill, accordingly. bc-tpau'omo.
ver at present without, heingaplnlcuhfiy
alludedto. With the excofition oflthnt of
Hccetn; Hiadiscoverr . of: tho mouth; M
the Colombimrivcr .hnsbovn nlne'hdvyvre
lerretl to. H mm "Hill?! on ”w 1.5 it of
V'Anguu. 1775—wmany yenraanlmim'to the
voyage! ‘ot Menres and Vancuuvcrmnd
was prior to Cook’s, who ‘did .not trench
the northwéstcrn coast until, 1778» “The
‘claims itgnvo to Spain of~prjoxityt ofltlis
cover}, were trnnntened to mi. with- all
others belonging to her. by .the ttcltywof
Florida ; which, added to the ditcovérics
oanptnin Gray. places o'ur tight to the
discovery ot the mouth and. common into
the In]?! and river beydnd allcontroven
By. ', -" - Mir" '3 F'i'hl
v It has been objected thatfwe’ claimfun-
Ider various and conflicting" titles; which
mutuallydestroy each other, , Such‘migbt
indeed be the [act while they (are he’d
by difierent parties; but since wo’liave
rightlully-ncquired both- those "of-Spain
and France. and concéntraled the-Whole
in our bands, they mutually bl'tnd'twith
each other. and fon’fi o'nc‘ strong and-con
nfctt'd chum nf‘title ‘ag'ninsttthe o'pposing
'c aims'ohult others. .inctuding Great tßrit
um.
Ml
He nut refers to what has occurred
since-the. Trentyv'o! Ghentt"tot-tiieehsthe
United‘Stnte'tt and 'GrtidtUß'ntaitt; it? eateri
=encc to "tlte’tmvitnryiv‘ \DDfiflgiithé'nl’gdti
ation of the Treaty ot _Ghent’ithvl‘Slßt the
United Stateawer‘o'ndmitted byxt'nrdrCoa
ttareagh'; not entitled to' be considered as
therparty- in :puslP-asion’ ; Idnilr~ttte'lconven
tion which stipulated Ith‘at'Vlh‘et territbty
shouldrbe tree'and 'bpten 'forrthc {can of
ten yehrsg’trtltn the 'date. of‘it‘d’ai'gntiture’.
totha wast-la, citizens. and ‘eubje‘cts‘; of
the two countries, witlmut’préjudtcetto'n«
ny‘ claim whi'c‘h'r‘eithet party martinis to
any pn'rt ol the same, preserve andfpfl
pet-Jared all' ‘our cluitns‘to the tel-filthy,
in‘cludtng the nckttowledgedur’ight’to be
considered the'g‘mrty‘in posses‘sihna‘d her»
fectlyaduring the pe'rlud‘bf-tte c‘dn‘tinuance
“they were the-day the convention wu
signed. ‘ “‘i "-'""
’ other an abortive attempt to 'atlju'etithe
claimd of the twopnrties ' tt') “the territory,
in 1824‘; another‘ negotiation 'w‘a‘s 'c‘thmhe‘nL
ce‘d‘l'n‘ teen—ts htchitér'tfithaleu itiftehm‘.
ing, 'On‘the 6th‘ol'Augdpt,’ 1827." the third
article dflthc édnvehtion'ih ilß’tBé’J‘th‘lo
I‘tla',expiration‘.‘ " It‘pt’pt'tit'led‘rtir th'e indef.
inttc extettélhd‘ol all'thé' proy‘twtt'wt the
third article'of that convention; 'a‘n'd'valed,
that eithe‘r‘rparty mighlxe'rmlb'atelit firmly
time it might think fit, by giving one year’-
notice. alte‘r‘the‘QOth lol‘Uctober.‘ 1828.
It't'ook, however, the precaution of’prnyi
ding expressly that '~ nothing chrfl’finb‘é
in thts Convaution,>or iii the’th‘ird‘article
'of the Convention at -'thc'2oth Oétub'er.
l'BlB,'herehy continued in toree, 'ehall‘b'e
construed to impair, or in any manner?!-
feet the claims 'which cither'irftlte'eott
tracting parties may have to nny'plartifl
the country westward uf‘ the" Stony or
Rocky Mountains.” That conventihn in
now in force. and has continued to'tté‘tlo,
rince 'the expiration of. that' 'of 18:18; :By
the joint operation ht the two.‘ our’righ‘tfto
be considered "th'e' party in poaaee‘sionf’hltd
all the claims 'yve had to th'c_ territory
while in possession, ti'r'é pré‘aerfv'erl'ln”‘aa _
full vigor _in they Mere ’atth'e‘dttt‘e of'lta
restograttbn‘tu 1818, wilhoutlieingv'a‘flfizted
o‘r impai'rcd’by the" tenements ain’ce " tide
hb‘y‘th‘é a'ubjecta of Great. Britain." :- 1 f, ,
I Time; .indeed, ‘ao fur frlo'th""tn't'ttill;itig
‘odtelairn'h. has greatly a’t’ren'gth‘enetiizthcr‘n,
since that period t tor. 'sin'cevth‘eti‘ [the
Treaty 0! Florida tranaferred tojninjhhe
rights, claims, and pretenaiene' til Spain to
theat‘h‘qle te‘rri'dry, as has ‘be‘en stated.—
In‘centh’u’encejot this} our‘c'lalitiatb‘thc
vu'r‘tjioh:dtain‘ed‘hy“ the Cdlumbf‘a‘tiVer—f
the point ntjty ‘the‘ 'eubj act ‘0! dh’naltléra'tion
17-have been ’moch'it'reng'tltetiletlifrbyigtflhg
us the inconteatnb'l'e clairn tQ‘tho'diszoves
ry’dftlt'c'm'nuth of tha‘ Colurnbia'frv Why
Hecate. But‘fitfis‘ notinlthttl gatfiatlléi
ohtylthat it"h'aa operated;'ln"6u fhydr?’
our i'r'all 'touaded-vcta‘ttaggranauédiatr‘c'b'd’.
ttnuity. hit; greatly iatréngithen'éd.’.'dttrd'g
the-apart [sympathy the raypitt“’duyatlé’é‘;étu
‘ou‘li‘ pp‘puiatlw! towards the? tetti'to’t‘y-éit'e
great iacreaa'e',‘ eapeci'ally'in thE-Yalley'df
the Missinippi-wa vrell'aa the grétitlj‘in
creased facility of paesi‘ g” tp’the‘te'rrttory
by more ascesailgilf ,roztes'.‘_“‘aritdv thE’ Tail
stronger n'n in ’t . st’vellin Wit d "‘f’ '6";
ulation that hAlEéce’htly coménchtgafi W 63;
ingtntoit; ' "’ W“ ‘ f 'l'."
Next’ follo’tlrs‘ Mr. Pitk'étih‘hth’s"tenly to
the'nbove,ldatjédtzth'Spfit‘ewaérflafié"
”We" "rte“? .atating' .thég'gt’iou‘atts’ftih
which Mr. gamma ‘de‘éline’éhie‘bflér M‘r _ .
P, ébreryes,"that he Qh'its' not‘ been abhj't'ti
discover any evidence that‘ljpuisiabaei}
itendfid 'heStwa'rdftd th'é'flPéé‘i’fié." 1,1.“ ll”.
islr'tvg‘ ceasztiné'tn‘umicse Ithe .4ttti».94v‘lédi~‘
Iged boundary iv'ad”thé';Rtlelty manning;
land quutes. Prerident J‘etferdon." ae'ltptttng'
tenlqt'taiuetl l'htg'f'bkllcr." "'lt‘tiovtevelr.’ liga
tatauh‘di‘d e'i'ten'd] weatWii‘rd p'tierth'e Bp’olty.’
:,tllotlntphi‘tr‘, ‘ Frane'a' ‘ttahs't‘e'rreq? that claim;
gto‘..‘?gstiin;3:ll7:62,":ttttt n tiecatr't'e" tweet:
w- e; fifm’thl‘otfl'bf the treaty ' ’of 1490.?
lfim'ee'n" Gma’t’iirifith :tthd‘lSpa‘ihlxlfihlch' ~
‘ log‘tt’t'ed the claitn‘bt Shhiti‘t'o'exeluaiye- '
n.) NEW. ‘1':“"") ~-. ”mum
'-"~~yvrr:l‘«.t ‘3l-; )!1.~IT!A
.J m: .' Hing a” ’
"I 1‘ drug raq
El
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