D. W. MOORE) Editors pfop'trs A. J. HEMPHILL, S wtina towErsaws meitmast. A IVcckly Paper, will be published at th following low Rates: 1 YEARZIN ADVANCE'. $lOO l YEAR IN 3 MONTHS 1 25 1 YEAR IN 6 DO 1 50 I YEAR IN 9 DO 1 15 1 YEAR IN 12 1)0 2 00 Mr - No paper will be sent to those who pity in advance after the expiration of the time paid, for. letters on business connected ?via the eke, to receive attention, must be post paid. GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. T 1 the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania FELLOW-CITIZENS : The Legislative branch of the Government, meets under circumstances calculated to produce deep emotions of gratitude. The events of the past year cannot fail to afford assurance of the continued mercy of the Almighty Father ofthe Universe, and of the blessings He has dispensed to the people of this Commonwealth, While in other parts of our country, and in distant lands, pestilence has made fearful ravages ; leaving in its track the wretchedness of destitution and the tears of crush ed affections ; a healthful climate, in the disposal of a righteous Providence, has preserved the citizens of the State comparative ly free from the miseries of the destroyer. During a period of war, famine and civil commotion in the old world, bringing in their train, desolation and want ; blighting the hopes, paralizing the industry, and ruining the prosperity of the people ; our belo ved Commonwealth, in union with others under the National Constitution, has enjoyed the delights of peace, and her citizens, in the exercise of industrial pursuits, have tbund,,contentment and competence. To the Author and Guardian of our being, whose beneficence caused all things to work together for our good, our reverence and gratitude are especially due. The recent efforts for the establi , _;liment of liberal political in stitutions in Europe, have excited in the people of this country, the warmest sympathies. The conflict between the oppressor and the oppressed, whatever may be the incidents or results, having for its object a government capable of protecting and ex tending political and social liberty, must be regarded by the people of the United States with the deepest solicitude. In the enjoyment of institutions which reco!mize the inherent rights of man, and are Imincled on the acknow babred principle that all political power is a trust to be exerei-ed fir the benefit of the citizen, they cannot witness the strugule bAween desp , sin and freedom, without ardent hopes and sincere prayers for the tri umph of liberal and enlarged justice. It is im , ,ssible to behold a people long the subjects of tyranny and oppression ;—enlight • -A I,c our example, and ::olicitons for equal enjoyments ;—ri sing -- iiii - Gneath the burthens which cen:aries have heaped upon them ;—casting aside the reverence t r peia er, and the pride of regal splendor ; looking forward t tl— establit - hinent of human rights ; to the elevation of the moral and social condition of so ciety ; and placing their lives and fortunes on the hazard of a struggle for these objects ; without, on our , ..rt, an earnest, an anxious desire that they may sine( eel. That struggle has been unsuccessful. The arbitrary governments, in whose midst the noble band of patriots erected their standard, have succeeded with their immense force in maintaining tvnuinieal authority, and the brave men who ut~l;t for freedom, ha \ e either 'perished under the barbarous exactions of despotic 'w ill, or they wander in foreign lands, exiles from homes that no longer afford secu rity. It is not the policy of our National Government to mingle in the:controversies of foreign nations, nor is it desirable that it should, by acts of hostility or friendship, brink up the rummer- vial relations which exist fur mutual advantage ; but it nev ertheless, no violation of international law to enter our solemn protest and warning, against acts of cruelty and barbarism upon heroic men and defenceless w omen. It is no wrong for our Go vernment to unite with others, in the expression of indignation against the violation of national faith and national law, involved 111 the demand, for sanguinary purposes, of the brave defenders, of human rights. 'l' I e consideration of the Legislature is respectfully invited to the financial condition of the Commonwealth. The present funded debt is as follows : per cent. loans, 8'2,011,02:2 51 5 per cent. do, 37,336,716 90 4 per cent, do 200,000 00 Unfunded debt, to wit : Relief notes in circulation, (« ith• out interest,) X665:1,161 00 Interest eertiticat.., 179,4:!2 " 3t4, " on certificates to be udded when the same shall be fund ed or paid, 11,29 1 31 Domestic creditors (on settl'in't) e 3,104 t-44 Amount of canal, railroad, and motive power debts, contracted prior to December 1, 1 18, and unpaid by the appropriations of the last session, Total indebtedness of Coinnion'th Dec. 1849, $40,574,413 45 The funded debt on the Ist De cember, 1848, was $39,393,3.50 24 Unfunded debt, 1,081,389 99 Amount of canal, railroad and motive power debt, contracted prior to Dec. 1, 1849, Amount of public debt paid during the year 1849, exclusive of the sum paid Commis sioners of the sinking (Mid, Amount paid during the year 1849 to tho Com missioners of the sinieing fund, Amount appropriated during the year 1€449 to ward payment of public debt, In exhibiting the operations of the Treasury fur the last fiscal year, the sum of 130,000, borrowed on special loan fur the avoi dance of the Schuylkill Inclined Plane, and included in the ag gregate of the public debt in December, 1949, should be added to the above stated sum of $495,479 39. The nmount of receipts at tho Treasury during the year ending December 1. 1849, is $4,433,688 65 The amount of expenditures during the same period, is Balance in the Treasury on Dec. 1, 1849, 11 44, 1849, Amount paid to Commissioners of the sinking fund to Jan. 1, 1850, 8227,513 53, with which was purchased of the funded debt, and transferred to the commonwealth, Difference between the indebtedness of the State on the I.st Dec., 1840, and Dec, 1, 1849, Total amount of public debt paid during the year, 021,485 88 Estimates of, receipts at the Treasury (luring the year 1850 : Frorri kinds; $20,000 00. Auction Commissions, 22,000 00 50,000 00. )1 the °versed:tends' 190,000 00 . N . TH E ... . ............_ _. _. ___ . ..... . • _ . .... ,„:„ . , ~..t . f . ~ ..,... .... z.... . . . ...---.,-.- 7 - ~,,,, A ---'_,,, • . te ---- - -- _._ •,--:--;- ' i',6.',, -,.. -- -. 2 ,- 7 ::CfiA •,\ .1. ~ , 7 AN .1 4)---- -- ----,:t•-diiirjit, A WEEKLY PAPER : DEVOTED TO LITERATURE, AGRICULTURE, MORALITY, AND FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE Volume 11 $39,577,739 41 $933,43 1 31 63,23 u 53 307,612 38 $10,842,379 31 $267,965 86 227,513 53 5495,479 39 4,084,771 80 577,290 39 926,207 24 253,500 00 267,965 86 Corporation Stocks, 160,000 Real and Personal Estate, 1,330,000 Tavern Licenses, 80,000 Retailers' Licenses, 160,000 • Pedlars' Licenses, 3,000 Brokers' Licenses, 12,000 Theatre, Circus and Me nagerie Licenses, Billiard Rooms, Bowling Saloons and 'Fen-pin Alley Licenses, Distillery and Brewery Licenses, 44 Eating !louses, Beer Houses and Restaur ant Licenses, Patent Medicine Licen's, LI Pamphlet Lacs, Militia Fines, Tax on Writs, Wills, Deeds, &c. Certain Offices, Collateral inheritance, Canal and Railroad 'l'olls, Canal Fines and Sale of old Materials, Enrollment or Laws, Premiums on Charters Tax on Loans Inclined Plane Locus, )1‘ idrnds on Turnptlif Bridge stuck, Niebulson Lands, Accrued Interest, Rellinded Cash, Escheats, Fees ofTublic ()Juices, Miscellaneous, Interest on Stock purchased Estimated payments during the year 1.-50: To Public Improvements, $640,000 00 Eve/J.5E2 of Guvernmont, 235,000 00 Militia Ex pertscs, 4.000 00 Pensions and Gratuities. 20,000 00 Charitable Institutions, HO,OOO 00 Common Schools, 200,000 OU Interest on Loans, 2,003,000 00 Guarantees of Interest, 32,5,00 (30 I)omestie Creditors, 10,000 00 Damages on Public Works, 20,000 00 Special Commis , ion , r, 2,000 00 State Library, 2,000 00 Public Buildings and (Iround.4, 2,000 00 Penile 'ilia ries, 13,000 00 I louse ( , f Refuge, 5,000 00 Nicholson Lands, 300 00 Escheats, 2,000 00 Abatement of State 'Pax, 40,000 00 Counsel Fees and Connoissions, 2,000 00 Miscellaneous, 5,000 00 Inclined Plane (Schuylkill) 270,0(10 00 North Branch Canal, 150,000 00 Commissioners Sinking Fund, 203,000 00 8,1,034,-,00 00 l'he foregoing estimated balance in the Treasury, at the cud of the fiscal year I'so, would appear to justify the appropriation of $40,000 toward the completion of' the \Vestern Reservoir at Johnstown, as hereinafter r&ommended. It would ako auth orize th e appr o priation of a sum not less than 8300,000. in ad dition to the amount already appropriated, to be eNpciid , d in the completion of the North Branch canal. The Legislature at its last session authorized the rc-istie ()I the relief notes then in circulation, and suspended their cancella tion for three years. The amount or the whole issn( now nutstantling, is $1)51,1 ti 1 (I() The amount paid into the Tryasury and suppliYd by a new issue iy Ikt lance, 'flw above balance has been destroyed, or has failed to reach the Treasury during the year. These notes, th4redemption of which being amply secured, and affording a safe vial c u m nicnt local currency, have the confidence and the favor attic! citizens. It is therefore recommended that authority be given to the pro per officers, to keep them in good condition, by a new issue, in lieu of such as may become mutilated and delayed. In addition to the suggestions made to the last Legislature on the subject of the monied affairs of the State, it is deemed proper to call your attention to the (het, that a portion of the funded debt is over dues—a part bearing an interest of six per cent ; and a part falling due the Near 1 ..450, as Mows : The amount of five per cent. funded debt over due, except bank charter loans, is 8351,519 10 The am't of six per cent s funded debt over clue is 1,7512,335 00 The amount of five per cent. funded debt falling due on or before December 1, 1850, is The amount of uniunded debt, now due, is Atn't demandable at the Treasury during the y'r, $3,191 2 170 19 Provision should be made at an early (lay for arrangements with the creditors holding these claims. To permit them to re main in their present condition, would not only evince an indis position to pay our just debts; but would also operate injurious ly to the holders of the stock, by compelling sales at a price be low their par value. The annual demands upon the Treasury, with the present means oldie State, will not permit the payment of these loans ; and the only practicable mode which suggests itself scorns to be the negotiation of new loans, stipulating an ex tension of the time of payment. It is believed that such loans could be negotiated at a rate of interest not exceeding five per cent. Sould authority he given in the arrangements suggested, to stipulate that the said stock should be exempt from taxation, the inducements to investments therein would create such com petition as would be highly advantageous to the Treasury. Jus tice and honesty require that these debts should be promptly paid, or arranged to the sctisfaction of the parties interested, and any provision which the Legislature may deem proper on the subject, will meet the cordial approbation of the Executive. The establishment of the sinking fund, by the appreciation of State stocks, and the consequent increase of confidence. in the ability of the State to meet her engagements ; with the replace ment by a new issue of the old and defaced relief notes, has bad the salutary abet of enabling the Treasury Department with Clearfield, Pa 3,000 00 5,000 00 1,500 00 15,000 00 3,000 00 500 00 '2,000 00 (0,000 oo 2(1,000 00 200,000 00 1,w.25,000 00 5,000 00 11,00 00 10,000 WI 125 000 00 -270,000 WI El ".!.,000 00 :100 00 5,000 00 5,000 00 2,000 00 2,000 (0) 2,000 00 15,000 011 '61,06(i, , January 11, 1850. slight expense in the exchange or transmission of means, to meet the payment of interest on the public debt in par money, as also to pay other creditors of the State in good fluids. The payment of the public liabilitses in the manner aforesaid, and the adoption of a system to extinguish eventually the public debt, must bring to their par value, the stocks of the Commonwealth. It is esti mated that $13,049,000 of the public stocks are held in this country, and the addition in their value, by these simple opera tions, demanded alike by sound policy and honesty, will increase their marketable worth in the hands of the citizens $1,950,000. T o the 014..1(.)((y of the State Treasurer, the Auditor General, nail other officers charged with the collection and disbursement of the public moneys during the past year, is justly attributable in a high degree these fiivorable results. The beneficialresults of thc sinking fund cannot Lc doubled. The payments from various sources to the C , ,mniissicners, dur ing the past year havn been as follows : From collateral inheritance tax, Premiums On charters, " Eating and oyster houses and restaurants, " Billiard & bowling saloons & ten-pin alleys, " Theatre, circus and menagerie licences, " Distillery and brewery licenses, Nin't received ler the veal ending Dec. I, 8 . 27,029 01 The estimated pa \ mews for the vuuc ending I )(T. 1. are ns l'roni collateral inheritance tux, " Interest on stocks purchased, •• Premiums on chartuN, " Thcutre, circus and ineniii.rerin licences, I)istillery rind hrewery licenses, Ililliarrl & tioN% lint! . saloons & ten-pin all " Ealing mind oyster houses and restaurants, " 13alance in 'lreasiiry alicr deducting appro prialions h 'reitil)efore recommended, EMI lii ( T win, confulentl) expressed that the estimated receipts above stated %%ill he Thund to approximate the truth, should au adherence to the policy pursued by the last Legislature, in rela tion to premiums on charters, and other financial int asures lie authorized and continued. Should such he the case, the above sum, lit the present rates, would extinguish upwards of four hun dred thousand dollars of the flunk d debt, during the present fiscal year. The sources from which the sinking fund is sup plied must necessarily increase. The tax on collateral inherit ance, and on theatre, circus and menagerie licenses, prior to the act creating a sinking fund, 1 ielded to the Treasury about the sum of 815,000 annually. the provisions of that act, these have been increased to the sums above stated, and the other sour ces or revenue have been created by recommendatiens hereto fore made to the Legislature. With these means lbr the supply of the sinking fund, together with such additions as the probable resources of the Treasury, from time to time may justify, it is suseepitible of easy calcula tion to determine, how nearly approaches the period when the State taxes may be reiaialed, and the burthens of the people re moved. So manifestly important are these results upon the in dustrial pursuits (lithe citizens, and the interests and honor oldie State, it is suggested for consideration whether good policy would not require the transfer of all balances in the Treasury at the end of each year to the Commissioners of the said Fund. Every consideration that can impose itself on a government demands the payment of the public debt. The local advanta ges of our Comm•nmealth, the salubrity of our cliticttc, the vastness of our mineral deposits, tlw fertility of our soil, and the prosperity - and happiness of the people, alike require the repeal of a system of laws ,which compel emigration, prevent the settle ment of uncultivated lands, drive capital from our borders, and paralyze the industry of every class of our citizens! Should these balairces remain in the treasury unappropriated to the said fund, the history of the past will remind us that prodigal expen ditures N% ill he made to objects of diminished importance. The subject of the revision and cquilization of the laws for raisimt r' revenue, is again earnestly impressed upon tlri attention of the Legislature. Great injustice arises r m ew s , from the want oradequate menus to prevent or to punish individuals making false returns of property subject to taxati , •n. The concientious citizen, s•supulously exact in t h e perrormiowe of his obligati o ns to society, may wall complain or laws hich sufl;•r the dishonest to elude with impunity the pay,uent of an equitable share of the public burthens. 'File Tax on bonds, mortgages, and 'lioness at interest, is assess( d so unequilly that great reasons for complaint exist throughout the State. To remedy to some extent this evil, it would be well to re quire the Prothonota ries of the seve:al counties, to c o llect from the plantillS in judgements the tax thereon a s ,_•e s ,,,d, a nd if n o _ ssti ry to rotttpcl pll)np•nt by legal process, allow ing to the oflicer entrusted with this duty a reasonable compeosalion, t•i be paid, where the payment or•the tax is made volun'arilv, out of the fund, and by the plantitf when the payment leis been compelled by legal process. A similar provision with regard to mortgages, giving the rettorders authority bethre stated in relation to judgements, would embrace these two items of to x t and would doubtless compel the payment of a large amount of revenue, now fraudub tidy withheld. $531,5U0 ou 4.13;i:37 00 8209,627 ilm The lito s subjecting" to a tax the commissioner's issued to offi cers of this Commonwealth, should he extended to embrace com missions to non-residents. 'l'he justice of taxing the citizens of the State, and of permitting non-residents, xvlio hold commis sions under the government, to enjoy the emoluments free from taxation, cannot readily be perceived. No effectual mode has been devised to compel the agents of Foreign Insurance companies to make a semi-anual exhibit of the amount of funds employed by it'd., respectivecompanie3 with in this Commonwealth. A law having an effect of this charac ter, is highly necessary, and would be productive of decided ad vantage. In the enactment of such a law, it would be well to make the certificate issued to agents of such companies, subject to taxation. 999,211 15 85,101 E4S Incorporated companies of various kinds, deriving their char ters elsewhere, have agencies in the State, and transact business therein, and yet no accurate account is taken of the money em ployed, or of the valuo or profits of their investments, NV hero the proper departments required to mkae a list of these incor porations, and authority given to ascertain the amount of the in- vestments, the rate of dividends declared, or the profits, made, & a tax levied on such dividends, or profits, as well us on the capi tal stock employed, a large revenue to the commonwealth would be the result. IVhile money borrowed by citizens, boroughs, and incorpor= ated districts, is subject, by existing laws, to taxation, it is not perceived why money borrowed by incorporated companies, should be exempt from similar assessments. To make, an, o-. quitablo distribution of the public burthens. should battire,spe.. cial object of the'Legialuture,ttntet, tut; no, .aua , lere should be - ; I IN timber 29. *l=-0,•.J1:2, 41 :15,90!) 40 2.9) , 3 30 "'"1l1 The system fur the management of these improvements, iu 1!('S Unlit errssary CN pen,litures, and removes responsibility fret the proper depa !Iloilo_ Were the number of canal commissien ers ill in:ascii to five—tlie state divided into districts for the elee• lion and super\ ision of each commissioner—e-the direct and its. medicate charge and control of th,; district imposed upon one these t thee's, requiring of him the performance of the dutie. ; now executed by sepenntendents and supervisors, and stipule ting tire annual alterati.in of the- said commissioners; mu 1: prateieel information of interest to the state would be acquire: ' a direct re , iporeibility for the well ordered condition of the p'd' lie works, ;Aid the economy of expenses would he secured : : the lane discretionary powers now vested in superintendent: and supervisors, in the adoption of plans and payment of men eyp.,ir:<,o;:ld be placed in officers directly accountable the people. In relit nto this subject, legislation should he cliei - and as disk retionary power over the money of the cut zees must be depurated by right thinking men. The method adopted in the management of the Public Wo, is evidently defective. Repairs-on the canals and railroads an' made in a wcly to prevent all competition. Were the sew services performed by contract, and awarded to the lowest bid der, giving the required security, can thereexist a doubt ()flavor able results to..the public interests. ThltiLStAteAnes not derive an adequate share of the profits ; risinrnm the use of the i': , !.mtbia railroad. The constructeee of the road ; its maintenance and supervision, and the supply o' the motive power, involving great expense and risk, demand Cron the profits of the road a larger return than finds its way to the Treasury. An evil so deterimental to the public interest cal't - fora speedy remedy. It is suggested that the Canal Commissioner should be ree,iie ed to invite proposals for furnishing the motive power on tle said road, stipulating in detail the services lobe performed; ari• the nature of the seem itv to be given. The object being to cure competition in die supply of motive power, encouragemere should be given to individuals, willing to undertake the duty cei running one or more locomotives on the road, whether belong.- ing to the Sate, or the individual bidder. Should the locom: fives belonging to the State, be furnished to the bidders, the con tract should stipulate the terms on which they should be used. ; The transportation of passengers should be done by contract with the lowest bidder. In agreement, it would be necessary that the canal commissioners should fix the kind of ears, an: such other details as would secure the accommodation of th , passengers, and thithfully guard the public interest. i In the transmisi , n of burden cars, an arrangement might well be made with their owners, by which the State would re ceive instead of the present tolls, a portion of the freight char ges. The consequeneQs would be advantageous to both parties. These changes in the present system, would, it is believed, largely diminish the expenses of the Motive Power ; would au thorise a reduction in the rafe of tolls; produce au increase ce business upon the road ; furnish with profitable labor many citi zens now refused employment by reason of the monopoly held by the State (A er the Motive Power on the road ; prevent Oa expenditure necesssary for the purchase of new locomotives save to the State the lnimene sal ritices in the old engines; ac commodahi the 11%1V_ 11111 : public by a Ice% er rate of titre; an would advance the 1 tibli • lir , reels by lesseninie the annual OW lay and increasing tile imam 0 frem the road Ilion! than 15;200 00(1. BIM pi] 1:„r th(_ , yodi MOO UJ 15,000 00 10,000 00 :1,000 00 ,500 (10 :1.000 00 15,1)00 00 ¶)1,:)00 00 8371 ,000 00 tiscrim:nation in the tolls on the public works, against por tion , : citizens, means of a system of drawbacks am maximum rate, of - folio:ire unjust and improper. Their labo and propnrtv, in common withothcrs, v.ele encumbered in the •construction of the improvements ; their industry and wealth have for rears assi , ted, and continue to assist to sustain them; and it difficult to psrceive upon what principle ofpublic policy a taritroltolls is maintained, discriminating against their inter ests. The demands uf trade cannot excuse 0 paipable %%Toni. of thischaraeter, 0 Idle a reduction of tolls on the whole lino of imprmunictits ould prodheo an increase of business, and se• cure the desired l'oroign truth.. The practii e of contracting debts for repair,•, and for the purchase of materials beyond appropriati o ns these purposes, should be prohibited by severe penalties. Nothing can be more destructive of all accountability, or °au. stronger inducements to extrevagance, than such a power over the public money.— and officer guilty of an act °IOUs kind, violiiti.s the trust com mitted to hint, and should he fortlmith dismissed from the pub lic service. Debts already contracted in this way should be paid, for the labor in behalf of the state has been performed and it would inflict an injury on those who could not have knowledge of the wrong, to withhold from them the value of their services ; but immediate. measures should be adopted to prevent recurrences of a like nature in future. A practice of this kind, authorised in sumo measure by sub. sequent appropriations, of the legislature, for the payment of Hu; debts thus contracted, cannot fail to mislead the people, and embarrass the public officers in their estimates and recommer.• dations. The large appropriations for the payment of old de!_it: made at the last session of the legislature, show the extent tti ! which the practice has been carried, and should admonish to guard against the recur, nee of the evil. In providing by b - gal enactment against the mischief here stated, authority might, be given to the Canal commissioners, should it be deemed • •rw cessary, to meet (It funencies in the funds provid2d for any lin.- of improvements; to draw from a specific appreptititions for that purpose, requiring from them a detailed . and spocH report ca, the subject, to the auditing dripartnrnt as well as tO the stteco ' ding legislature. The avoidance of the Schuylkill \ provements connecting with the' ' Railroad, which arc in rapi I pre , • terially Increase the business c' will render tho rclayinu of a ro sell* neeessLy. in tricperp Legislature!,mtliorise it, goo as the means of the Treasur should be laid with hcayy A exemption should be allowed to any class of citizens over anoth er where the property employed is the same. Attention to the foregoing objects of taxation, will not only increase the reve nue, but is demanded alike lly justice and sound policy. Next in importance to the public debt, and the equalization of the taxes, is the management of the public improvements. The vast expendituies annually made for the repair and supervision of these works, and the amount of revenue derived therefrom; so materially affecting the condition of the Treasury; render theta objects or peculiar interest. It is believed that an increas ed amount of net revenue should be derived from these works. The enormous appropriations of the last year, for their mainten• once in repairs, and towards the payment of debts theretofore contracted, should have placed them in a sound condition, am. authorize the conclusion that a small expenditure during the present season would be sufficient. In the absence of the annu. al report oft:anal Coilunissioners, no specific amount for then , objects can be given by the Executive. •PRICES OF ADVEfr.. IME . . ,L• 1 - lquare of; 15 linti, or leitt,'l inellithllP her:- 1 do _do . do ' 3._ ,du . '• Duo A Each suhs&inent inkrtion: f1'..0. , . 1 do 3 months ' ' !.. ..250 -: 1 do 6 months 400 I do 12 months _ 7 00. 2 do ' 2 months 50 0 2 do 6 months ' ' 800 2 do 12 months 10 00. - 3 do 3 months r 6 00 3 do 6 months 9OO 3 do 12 months -12 00 5 do or half a column. 6 months •12 00 5 do or hall' a column. I months 20 OC 10 do or one column. 6 months 20 00 10 do or one column, 12 months 30 00 Books, Jobs and Blanks OJ Cvc r y description, prt 'Ad in Um very hcsl 8( ylt , and on th , sharks, notice a! .the COUNT!: V DUG• LA I? qffirc. OE