'jv
BY S. J. BOW.
CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 9. 1368.
VOL. 15.-TVO. 15.
THE OLD FOLKS' EOOM.
The old nt by the chimney aide,
His hot vu wrinkled and wan ;
And he leaned both hands onr his stout oak eane.
As if all his work wai don.
Bis eoat wai of good aid fashioned grey,
The pockets were deep and wide,
Where his ' specs" and his steel tobacco box
Lie snugly side by side.
The old man liked to stir tba fire.
So cear him the tongs were kept ;
Sometimes he mused aa he gazed at the coals,
Sometimes be sat and slept.
What saw he in the embers there?
Ah! picture of other years;
And now nd then thej wakened smiles,
But aa often started teara.
His good wife sat on the side.
In a bi,h backed flag seat ebair;
I see 'noath the pile of her tn islin cap
The sheen of her silver; hair.
There's a happy look on her aged face,
As she busily knita for him.
And Nellie takes up the a itches dropped,
For grandmother 'a eyea are dim.
Their ehildren oomeand read the news,
To pass the time each day;
lisw it stirs the blood in the old man's heart
To bear of the world away!
'Tu a homely scene I told yon so,
Cat plea-ant it is to view,
At least I thought itso mjself.
And sketched it down for you.
Be kind onto the old, toy friend.
They're worn with this world's strife.
Though bravely once perchance they fought
The stern, fierce battle of life.
They taught our youthful feet to climb .
Upward life's rugged steep ;
Then let us gently lead them down
To where the weary sleep.
A LEGEJfD OF PIONEER LIFE.
Some years ago, before the State of Ar
kansas was so densely populated as now, and
when the mall from Little Rock to the wes
tern borders was carried on horseback, there
lived, a few miles above Horse-Head, a
stout pioneer named Jacob Burnap. His
wife JJ!y, and one child, a girl only r ine
years old, made up his family. His chief
business was hunting, and his unerring rifle
never failed to supply his 1-oard and some
thing over. Ilineare-t i.eiphl or was Gfteen
miles off, so he was troubled little with pry
ing visitor.
It-was in early spring that Jacob started
down the river with a boat load of furs and
skins. He left Polly in charge of the prem
ises, and left with her. too, a lit; lit t itle and
a brace of pistols, he knew how to use
that rifle, for never was s'.e happier than
when her husband f a'ted heron theshoiil
der and crh'd, "nobly done, Polly, my dear!
I could not have made a better shot myself."
And he had occasion to say this with truth,
too.
Jacob Hurt, to had been gone four da3-s,
when, towards evening, a horseman rode up
t.) the hunter's door. He was a small, mus
cular man, some forty 3-ears of age, and
seemed inured to all hardships. As he
sprjng from his saddle, Polly made her ap
pearance. "Ah, Polly, once more here," the new
comer said, as he drew a pair of well filled
fai lle bags from his beast.
"Yes and I'm glad to see you, Morton.
Jacob has been gone four dajs, and time is
growing heavy."
"Jacob gone ? Where ?"
''I' iwti the river with a load of furs."
"Oh ah yes. Well, you shall have the
company of Lant Morton for one night at
l.at ; mi f,.r the next twelve hours you'll
feel safe."
"Oli, I feel ?afe enough," returned the
woman quickly ; '"only lonesoaie."
Th us spe king, Morton threw his saddle
bags io the cabin, and then led his horse to
alow hod, where he madj the animal fast
ml fcl him. After this he returned to
the dwelling and entered, and was soon dis
cuini; the events of the times over an am
ple -utpcr. His hostess told hi ui all that
W transpired in her neighborhood si nee
his last visit, and the visitor gave her the
new, from the eastern valley.
Lant Morton had been mail carrier upon
the route for several years, and not once had
he passed to and fro without spending a
I'sbt at Jacob Burnap's. In fact, he was
Unit the only regular visitor at the hunter's
nlin. and though the interval between his
V:iu were long, yet he seemed aliuos-t a fix
tare of the place. Polly Burnap, still in
the LSuum of womanhood, knew his Kener
i"j.!i ,Me chaxacter.soshe felt free and quite
at home in his presence.
' I it known on the route that your load
so nimble?" a-ked Polly.
"I think not, though it may be. Still, I
im d armed, and I fancy 'twould be a
tough job for any one to tackle old Lant."
Morton went to bed at nine o'clock, as he
s tired and sleepy from his hard ride.
I I!y had work to do. having neglected it
"hile talking to her sjue4, no when she had
him safely at rest io the loft, she drew
her Wsket to the little table where the candle
and went to work upon some clothing
for h( r child, who was sleeping soundly in
the corner.
TV old German clock upon the wall, with
its grm weights and winding strings all ex
posed. Lad struck ten ere Polly arose from
Jier w ,,k. She had just pushed the basket
neath the table, aud uken up the candle.
hen the front door opened, and two men
entered. They were iu their stockiugs, their
lioes hiving been left outside.
' lluvih t" uttered the foremost of the in
truders. -Speak but one word above a
hijr, and you die in an instant,"
Polly recovered from her quick terror.and
fed up. h.e saw two stout, ugly-kxsiq
men, one of whom held a cocked pistol to
ward her. With a quickness of perception
natural to her, she knew that the pistol
would not be fired if she held her peace, as
that would make more mise than she could.
And further, she recognized in the foremost
a notorious villain, ' who bore the n me of
Dick Gailuss.
She had never seen him before, but the
minute description her husband had given
of the man, led her at once to know him, and
positively, too, for one big scar on the left
cheek was mark enough.
"What seek you, gentlemen," asked Pol
ly, without betraying the least fear.
''We have come to see the mail carrier,'
saw oaiiuss, m a nosrse whisper. n Here
is he? Don't speak too loud."
"He is lor.g since asleep. Would it not
do as well to see him in the morning? We
can find you room for lodging. "
The fair hostess said this for the purpose
of gaining time. She knew very well that
these men came to rob the carrier, and was
equally sure that they would murder him if
they could, and would, in all probability, put
her out of the way as well. They had evi
dently learned of the valuable load he car
ried, and meant to carry it iu his stead.
''Never mind his being asleep. Show us
wherehe isat once," roughly replied Gailuss,
in answer to Polly's last remark.
"But I can call hiui, good sirs," reasoned
the woman, calmly, though there was alarm
in her soul.
"Call him! Call !" growled the vil
lain with a fierce oath. "You call him. and
you'll be called to another world quicker,
Show us the way '
The mild eye that could aim an unerring
bullet at the forest beast did not betray the
thoughts of that woman's soul, nor did a
look tell her meaning. She was pale, but
she did not tremble.
''This way, sirs," she whispered
As she spoke t-he turned towards a door
of 1 he little bedroom and the pantry. She
did not open it until both were close behind
her.
"Don't you hear him bteathe ?" she whis
pered. ''Yes," returned both villains. And they
did hear a breathing, but it was the child
close at hand.
As they thus answered her she threw the
door wide open ; it opened inward. The
men saw a dark void, but they pressed for
ward. In an instant Polly leaped back;
Gailuss was upon the thrshhold. and his
compa"ion close upon hi- heels. With all
powertln noble woman t hrew hr-elf against
the rear man. and the nest moment the
robbers lav sprawling on the cellar bottom
This had been the d or opening to the
excavation, and the only means of egress
was by a ladder. Could this have been mov
ed. Polly would have pulled it up immedi
ately, but it was sniked to its place, and she
let it remain. To close the door would lie
useless. tor she had no ready means to fasten
- . .... .a, , ,
it. bo she did what she nad resolved upon
from the first ; she sprang to the fire place,
caught her trusty rifle, and having co ked
it, she turned towards the open door, bhe
heard the curses of the villains as ihev
reached for the ladder, and she soon knew
that one of them had found it.
"Back !" she cried, as she saw a head ap
pear above the threshold. The candle upon
the table threw but a dim light ppon the
spot, but that was sufficient.
She saw the robber raise a pistol. 1 here
was but one alternative. She could notdie.
She had a husband a child and had set
herself to save th? carrier. With all these
thoughts flashing through her mind, she
drew the trigger. A sharp reiwrt went
ringing through the house, and its echo was
a deep groan from the cellar bottom.
Ere thesecind robber could show himself.
Morton came rushing into the room with a
revolver in each band.
"What is it?" he cried.
"There! There!" gasped Polly, pointing
to the open doorway, where a savage look
ing face had just presented itself. Lant had
been long en.mgh used todanger not to waste
time in conjecture.
"Are there any more?" he asked.cockmg
his second pistol.
"So, I shot one!" and as Polly Burnap
thus Kke, she sank into a chair.
"And so you meant to save me, saiti the
carrier, as Polly hesitated.
"Ye.,, yes I did."
And as soon as the noble woman was suf
ficiently recovered, she told the whole story.
Morton expressed his thanks as best he
could ; but, after all, the moisture of his
sharp grey eye, the changing of his counte
nance, and the very lack ot language told
more than words could have done.
After due deliberation it was deci led that
the bodies should remain where tney were
tiil morning. So the cellar door was shut,
the front door bolted, and then they prepared
once more to retire ; but tor me rest 01
night Morton made his bed upon ths floor
of the large room. In the morning just, as
the carrier was dressing, there came a loud
rap upon the outer door, accompanied by a
voice which he knew full well. He hasten
ed to open the door, and gave entrance to
Jacob Burnap. The hunter had met a party
of tra lers at Lewisburg. and disposed of all
I is skins to them, thus finishing his journey
six days sooner than be anticipated.
"Polly, my jewel," he said, placing an
arm around her nock, "I am proud of you.
I love you more and m re, for every day I
fin 1 more to love;" and then turning to
Mortou. ,,e Wed : "What do you think of
such a wife?"
"Ah." returned the guest, with deep
feeling, "if poor Lint Morton had such an
one he wouldn't be a wail carrier."
When Morton lull be.was directed to stop
at the first settlement, and state to the offi
cers what had happened, and he promised
to do so. He once more blessed the brave
woman who had saved his life, and tl en set
out. Late in the afternoon two officers ar
rived at the cabin, and when thy were shorn
the dead bodies they recopnizeil them at
once, and proceeded to remove them. And
ere a week had passed, whole settlements
blessed the Bolder Heioine forthe woik she
had done.
"What Constitutes a Good Road.
From the Practical Farmer
The following recent decision in this ju
diciul district, where a snpervixir was indie
ted for neglect tc keep the roads in good
traveling order, will commend itself to the
common sense of the com 111 unity everywhere.
Judge Butler's charge of what is to be le
gal road, and what are the duties of Super
visors, has not been so well delivered before.
or understood. A mutual understanding of
what the law is has long been wanting; and
if roads are not hereafter kept ''in good re
pair and free from obstructions," the fault
will be with the citizens.
"The defendant a supervisor in Darby
township, is indicted for neglect to perform
the duties of his office. It is the business
of the supervisors of the public highways to
keep the roads in their respective townships
in good order for use to have all new roads
properly constructed and old ones carefully
repaired. They are not vested with author
ity to judge how iiiuv.h space thu tra el in
a particular place requires, nor how poor or
indifferent a road will answer its purpn.se
To the full extent that the ground has been
appropriated to the public use, by the law,
it must be opened, the entire space const roo
ted into a jrood and convenient highw.iy. ami
lie thereafter continually kept in such con
diiiin. To remove the fences and throw
the ground open or, in addition, to plough
a ditch on either side, is not t construe it
rood within the meaning of the law. The
ground uiu-t be made reasonably iuoit h.
freed from obstructions, and put iu s u -1 ,
shape that the water wiil drain off to the
side, leaving the roadway dry and s .lid.
Where the width is fixed at thirty-three
feet (as is usual), or at any other limit, it i
because the Court, aidj l by the report of a
jury, has determined that this space is nee
essary. And whether this determination
be wise or not the supervisors cannot consid
er. Their duty is simply to obey the order
of the Court, and the Act of Ass.sc mbly, to
open the road to the entire extent, and keep
it thereafter fee from obstructions and in
good rc air. If it is not needed to uixtiw
inodare the travel, care should be taken
that the Court i.- properly informed and the
road not established: or if it has already
been established, that it be vacated. B.it
so long as it remains upon the records as a
pjblic highwav it must be kept in good or
der for use. If any part of ir be obstri cted
by fences, stumps rocks (that can be re-mo
vee), holes, or the like, such obstructions
constitutes a nuisance and renders the super
visors liable to indictment. And in case vf
injury to one, in person or property, from
this cause, the supervisors are further lia
ble in daiuaeres to the full extent of the loss
thus sustained. And it may be well that
the people of the townships should under
stand that they, too, are responsible iu their
corporate capacity, for such loss. The su
pervisors are their agents, and their safety
in this rtsiiect requires that they shoul;
elect suitable men to the office, and see that
they perform their duty. The subject is
one of deep interest to the public. No in
telligent person can fail toapnreciate the ad
vantage of good roads, nor to sec that what is
Sived by withholding the means necessary j
to have them, is poor compensation indeed
for the wear and tear of teams and vehi
cles, to say nothing ol the inconvenience,de-
lay, vexation and danger of traveling on
bad ones. In the case before us it appears
that a toad was laid out in Darby township,
some years ago, forty feet in width that he
fences were removed, and some places ditch
es made at the sides that the timber grow
ing upon it (a part of the di tauce being
through woodland,) was cut down that uu
roadbed was formed, the uneven face of the
ground being left as it was found, and on
which the rain-water lay as it fell that the
stumps of the trees cut itiii 'un'ed to several
hundreds, and being one to two and a hall
feet high, were allowed to remain, that two
large logs lay in the roa l, that a con si lur
able part of the space between the
fences has, at some points, until very recent
Iv, ber n grown up with busbe-. five to eight
feet hiitli. and tht the travel has been niiiu
I3 conSoed for a consid jr;t'ie distance to a
1 n, 1 f , 1 1,
single track. J lie ueieiniani lias neen in 01
fice upward of one year You will say
whether h-i hi p-;rficn;l lii, l uy in re
spect to this road. Ifhehasnot.be should
he convicte 1. It h is b;ti asserted tin the
trial tint thi- r 1.1 1 is iu n 1 jrirv.t c 11 lit inn
than other roa Is, elsewhere in the country
If this be true, it furnishes no excu-e for
the defendant, though it may fiirni-h a i- as
on why other supervisors .should aUn be
brought to trial and punished. Von will
now take the case and say whether the de
fendant is guilty or not."
The jury rendered a verdict of guilty, and
a fine was imposed.
Second Marriaos Some one says that
nobody enters a second marriage with the
san e reverence or earnestness, with which
he contracted the first. Ha is older and
colder; familiarity with the esiate has bred
indifference ; the boing at his side is not a
trembling pure little soul whom all his strong
chivalrous nature rushes forth to protect.
but a nice sort of peron, who is going to
look a'ter his servants aud see that bis linen
is kept iu order.
Some Suggestions on the burning of Coal.
From the Scientifio American.!
The season when closed windows and doors
and glowing coal fires have superceded well
aired apartments has arrived, and as the
price of fuel has increased, any methods of
preventii g ihe waste of so uecessary and
valuable a commodity must be useful.
VVe give, therefore, a few brief suggestions,
drawn from experience, in regard to the care
of ranges, heaters, grates, and cooking aud
par.or stoves.
It is a false economy to be chary of the
use of kindling lor anthracite tires. Char
coal is probably the best kindler. but is not
always to be obtained, and then is cosily.
Iu this and other cities, kindling wood, of
pine, sawed f-hort five or six inches in
length and split fine, is sold in convenient
litile bundles, one or two of which is suffi
cient tostart an anthracite fire for any house
hold purpose. It may be obtained aUo iu
barrels or boxes, or in quantity.
Iu the country these conveniencies do
not exist, but every householder prepares
his own kindling. One great mistake iu its
preparation is in not cutting it short enoucrh,
or splitting it fine enough. More heat can
be obtained by Using fine than coarse kind
ling. This preparation is to the stove, v. hat
mu.slicatiou is to the stomach, an assistant
to combustion or digestion, iu this case cou
veitible terms.
After the kindling is lighted, it .should be
allowed to burn until it is enveloped in a
tight blaze and portions havo become live
coa s beloie a particle of coat is put on. If
the coai is heaped upon the uuigiiited wood
toe proce.-s ot coniOu.slion is delayed by
choking, aud much ot the carbon that would
utherwi.se pioduce heat is carried off in the
torui of dense smoke or is depo.sited or held
as carbonic acid gas, the grea. est enemy to
iutfaiiiiiiability. Mot persons have seen
ibis uiicii 1.11 u pari in ly well kindled fire
has Let 11 extinguished and had to be re
made. i he coal put on the kindiings should be new
coal.iioi the scit-t ning.s 1 a fornu r tire, and it
.should be carefully spread 111 a thin layer.
The practice ot tilling 'he fire put or f ui nace
will materially delay the process of combus
ion. Iu sueli cases we have seen an hour
elapi-e before a bed of incandescent coal
could bs loruied sudit-ieut to broil a steak or
a lis.li, or 10 t'liiit any -sensible . heat, while
with a decent diah a t" d -;il iiie, with
judicious management, may be obtained iu
tiftceu minutes.
Where u tire i kept all night, or for
days aud weeks together, as is 11 .w so IVe-
,ucnily the case with base buniiuit stoves,
and even the common cylinder bloves, the
tirst thing to do 10 the morning is tu put
on I roll coal, without disunion that iu the
stove, opeu the dratt and llie damper, and
do 110 lakinx uutii the new coal is well igni
ted. Then 1 he ashes may be rattled down
until the sparks drop through the urate.
0011 as 1 he.se are seen the raking should
cease. Never poke a c jal tire anthracite
at the top. This rule, as the military men
say, is "general."
But a greater fault than any other and a
very common one is choking a fire by piling
on a grate or filling up a grate when the fiie
i- low. 1 11 all cases the coal should be ad
ded iu a moderate, even small, quantities.
and it should be placed or spread evenly.
L11 some cases it is well to deposit the lumps
piece by piece by hand. When dumped on
111 masses the coal wastes rapidly without
giving our heat, a large proportion of the
carbon escaping uptne chimney iu the form
of visible soji or as ihick smoke. No an
thracite fire should ever be allowed to emit
visible smoke. The gases in the lortu of a
bluish flame eairy off month ot the heat
producing products. It would be well if all
this could be retained and consumed; but
we almost despair that this will ever be an
accomplished fact.
Drafts aud dampers are too frequently
used without iutebigent reference to their
respective offices. Many leave the stove
doors opeu, ai d close the c.iiiuuey damper.
The elf cot is, tu be sure to retard co.ubus-
t ion, but at the sauiclim; the gases evolved,
tind.ug no escape by the natural dratt, are
toned out into the loom, poisouing the at
mosphere and rendering the apartments un-
heaili y. inducing languor aud headache. If
the chimney damper is closed, or the pass
age to the chiunuy, tlu dur or aperture
above the fiie si ould al.o be closed, while
the draft at the bottom ol the fire, or uuder
the giate, may be opem d ; for it the gases
escape thr iUit 11 this opening, they will have
be 11 neutralized by pacing through the
tire.
Iu 0en grates the draft is frequently
found iuaulfiuieiit. This is b cause too large
a portion of the Bre is exposed. A sheet ol
holier plate covering a ponton of the grate
bo tout will iu many eases improve the draft
and leduce the Consumption i f coal and, at
the same time increase the available heat.
Some persons, especially inexperienced
help, do not know how to distinguish be
tween unciui.sumed or coaked coal and val-uele-s
ciiukers, as the lonuer may be coated
w th white ashes. It may be accepted as a
general tiuth that in a grate, or stove fur
nace, or fiie Ihix, the clinkets, being of a
sem.-metalic rial 111 e, sink and 'he uncon
sutued coai le left on lop. We have found
it o bi. economical to gather the top lumps
by hand before di-turbing ti e mass. Thus,
most ol the uiicousumed portions will be re
covered, and can lie used again. In many
eases this will prevent the necessity of sift
inv the a-be- an-l picking out the scoria.
11 siftmg it is a good practice to drench
the ashes in the sieve with water. Much
that would otherwise be rejected will be
f mud to be pure coal, the water washing off
the coatiug of allies, and exposing the
'black diamonds," which are frequenlly in
fine particles. These savings are valuable
to be used when the requirements of cook
ing or if particularly jdiarp airs do not de
mand a bri k fire. Even the ashes that es
cape through the sifter, when made into a
mortar with water, are serviceable. They
may be used advantageously in preserving
the fire in a grate, and it is surprising how
much of what might be otherwise condemn
ed as waste,can thus be made to yield avail
able heat.
Coal should be kept under cover, exposed
neither to the sun, the rain, or the frost
Insensible combustion and waste by the ac
tion ol the elements rapidly diminish the
heat producing qualities of even the hard
est anihracite coal. By some this possible
waste is estimated as high as fifty per cent.
This may be an exaggerated estimate,
but that it is considerable the observation
and experience of twerty years waNant us
in confidently affirming. Even the fine dust
left in the coal bin is valuable. Mixed in
to a mortar, as we advise with the ashes, it
gives out an intense heat.greater than that
of 1 ump coal because the more readiness
with which the oxygen of the atmosphere
can p rmeate the mass; and here we may
give a few words of advice. Small sized
coal is more economical than large coal, es
pecially for 1 ousehold purposes, it the grate
is adapted to the size, for the reason just
&tated. To prove this let one take a lump
ol anthracite as large as a man's ti.t, "all
ulive," and crack it so as to expose .he in
terior, it will be found to be entirely bla( k
inside and undisturbed by the heat.
These practical suggestions aud fact", un
accompanied by scientific reasons are sub
mitted for the consideration of our readers.
We might have given thu philosophy ot
combustion as applied to authracite coal,
but prelencd to make a lew simple state
me tits, leaving our readers to trace tin truths
back to their source. We are confident.how
ever, that an observance of thase rules will
result iu a valuable saving of coal. .
A Dilemma.
A young parson of the Universalist faith.
many years since, when the Simon-pure
Universalism was preached, started west
ward to attend a convention of his brethren
in the faith. He took the precaution to
carry a vial of Cayenne jnjiis pocket, to
sprinkle his food with as a preventive of fe
ver and ague. The convention met ; and
at dinner a tall hoosier observed the parson
as he seasoned his meat, and addressed
him thus :
"Stranger, I'll thank you for a leetle ol
that ere red salt, for I'm kind o' curious to
try it."
"Certainly," returned the parson; "but
you will find it very powerful ; be careful
how you use it."
The Hoosier took the proffered vial, and
feeling himself proof against any quantity
of raw whiskey, thought he could stand the
"red salt" with impunity, and accordingly
sprinkled a junk of beef rather bountifully
with it, and forthwith introduced it into his
capacious mouth.
It soon began to take hold. He shut his
eyes, and bis matures tagan to writhe, de
noting a very inharmonious condition physi
ally. Finally he could stand it no longer.
He opened his mouth and tereanied ' fire !"
"Take a drink of cold water from the
jug," said the parson.
"Wilt that put it out?" asked the mar
tyr suiting the action to the word. In a
short time the unfortunate man began to
recover, and. turning to the parson, his
eyes j-et swimming in water, exclaimed :
"Stranger, you call yourself a ' Varsahst,
I believe?"
"I do," said the parson.'
"Wai, I want to know if you think it
consistent with your belief to go about with
hell-fire in your pockets?"
Pungent.
"Did you ever hear the story of the Irish
men and the horse-radish?"
"No ; how was it ?"
"Well, seeing a dish of grated horse-radish
on the table where they had stopped for
dinner, each helptd himself largely to the
same, supposing it Io be eaten as potato or
squash; and the first, putting a mouthful
into his mouth. commenced wiping his eyes.
"What troubles yer, Jemmy?" inquired
his comrade.
"Sure, and I was thinkiti' of my poor
ould father's death when he was hung," he
replied.
Presently the other, taking as greedily of
the pungent vote table, had a sud len u
for his handkerchief, when Jemmy as coolly
inquired, "and whit troubles yer. Pat ?"
"Troth." he replied, "that you wasn't
hung with your ould father."
Little Susie, poring over a look in which
angels were represented as winged lieings,
suddenly exclaimed with vehemence, "31 am
u.a, I don't to be an angel; and I needn't
need I?" "Why, Su-ie?" questioned her
mother. "Humph, leave of all my pretty
clothes, and wear f'edders like a hen?"
An irritable man. having been disappoint
ed in his boots, threatened to chew up the
sh'iemaker, but compromised by drinking a
cobbler.
"I would bestow my daughter," said The
mistocles, "upon a man without money,
rather than uron uoney without a u:an,"
Dr. Holme says that easy-crying widows
uke new husbands soone-t; there is nothing
like wet weather for transplanting.
Jones says the reason why he is always so
pensive is because his wile and daughters
are so cr-peniive.
Tee Schoolmaster in Spain.
Mr. W. K. Russcl writes to the London
Times from Madrid :
"Freedom of conscience supplies freedom
of iu.-trur tiun, and both of them, like all
other liberties are henceforth to be unlimi
ted in Spain. Little more than four months
ago that is up to 2d of last June clerical
and ecular education were to work side by
side; but by the law bearing that date the
schoolmaster was thrown out of employment
and the priest enjoyed a monopoly in the
diffusion of knowledge or ignorance. Spain
was so utterly lost siirht ot during that mel
ancho'y period, that few people in England
were aware of the dopth of darkness the in
fatuated Queen Isabella was ushering in.
By a single stroke of the pen she abolished
normal scho ils, placed all primary instruc
tion under priestly supervision and control,
and supprese J the schools in all villages and
parishes of less than five hundred inhabi
tants, entrusting the teaching of the chil
dren in thoe small districts to the priest
alone. The Jesuits, wh.j had been banished
by law, in repeated instances crept in first
under a variety of disguUes, as brothers of
St. Viucent de Paul, Liguorists, ic. ; final
ly iu theirown garb of long gowns an I broad
brimmed hats, invading the hit; hest branch
es of university learning ; while what are
called "the Jesuits' the Scolopii,
lgnoranttiix, and other brothers of the
Christian schools laid hold of the minor es
tablishments aud drilled the minds of the
younger part of the rising generation.
It is not that the U iinati Catholic clergy
were animuted by any excesisve zeal to do
school master'sduty. Wherever their sway is
thoroughly and exclusively dominant, wher
ever their numbers are allowed to an exor
bitant extent, their eagerness as public in
stru'ors are apt to slacken. In the island
of Sardi. ia where ecclesiastics of both sex
es were, not many years ago, in the propor
tion of one to twenty-two of the population,
the number of utterly illiterate persons was
considerably higher than In any other Euro
pean community. Nor was it merely in the
"idla accomplishments" of reading and
writing that Catholic children were stinted
by their ghastly instructors. In spite of all
the efforts of Carlos Borromeo, and other
high minded prelates, even the Sunday
schools were shockingly neglected. The
catechism itself,' such aa it w as, was verbal
ly imparted, if at all, in the most slovenly,
mechanical manner.
The I tali in or Spanish priest held that
ignorance was bliss, and where thought had
the le:ist scope their faith exercised the su
rest dominion. The priest, however, was
the dog in the maimer. Heshirked hisdu'y as
an instructor, but suffered no one to step in
his place. I'uthcr than put up with schoo'-
master he would, no matter with whatreluc
tance and at what inconvenience, take the
school himself. S:h was thn mission of
Jesuitism. As mankind had decreed that
there should be light, the Church deter
mined that light should no through the me
dium of her doctrines. A whole phalanx of
ghostly doctors have for the last three cen
turies been striving to protect the world
trom the virus of knowledge by pretending
to inoculate it themselves.
In spain now, as in earlier periods in
France and It-ly, all that is to ba changed.
Instruction is to be free and open to all,
emancipated from Church and State control.
Every one is to be allowed to open a school,
to adopt his own method, to use his own
books, and inculcate his own principles,
without any interference of the authorities.
What duties as a public instructor may still
devolve upon the State, what privileges may
still be conceded to the clergy, time and ma
ture legislation will have to decide. But in
the meantime the decree published last Wed
nesday by the Minister of Public Works and
Instruction, by repealin; the June law, at
once put an end to ecclesiastical monopoly,
established perfect freedom of private edu
cation, reopened primary schools, and reor
ganized the normal schools, thus sowing the
first seeds of State edueation. The minis
ter also engaged to lay before th Constitu
tent Cortes a bill for a complete scheme of
public instruction.
The revolution has thus far gained the
victory. . More than five hundred Jesuits,
as we are told, have ll-jd across the frontier
to Portugal. Severai scores have taken ref
uge in Biyonne. In most towns their allies
of St. Vincent de Paul and of other denoin
inations have been expelled or dispersed by
the Juntas. In some places, even the Epis
copal seminai ies have been closed. It is
clear, in short, that if the wind continues
to blow from the same quarter, Jesuits,
monks, priests, aud even nuns are not to be
admitted to the benefit of the common right
of " unlimited freedom of instruction."
Little Sarah Colt, aged eleven, started
the first Sunday School in Patterson, New
Jersey, seventy-four years ago, and taught
it forty years. She stili lives to witness the
fruits of her labors. '
True goodness is like the glow worm ; it
shines most when no ejes, except those of
heaven, are upon it.
However well young ladies may be versed
in grammar, but very few of them can "de
cline" matrimony.
"I wish. Sally," said Jonathan, "that
you were locked in my arms, and the key
was lost." "
"Time works wonders," a a lady wid
when i-he married after a thirteen years'
courtship. - " ' '
Does a fish ever sleep ? And if not what
was the use of making a "bed to the sea."
TTOOFLAND'S GERMAN BITTERS,
AJ- AND
HOOFLAND S GERMAN TOSIC.
THIORKAT BKMBDIBS
For all disease of the Liver. Stomach, or digee
tire organa.
Hoofland's German Bitters
Is composed of the pare juices (or. aa tbey are
medicinal W termed. rxtrant) of Koota. Herb? and
Brks. making a prep rmtion.highl j concen
trated, and entirely free from alcobolie ad
mixture of anj kind.
HOOFLAND'S GERMAN TONIC,
fs a combination of alt the ingredient ef the Bit
ters, with the pnrest quality of Santa Ctmm Km.
Orai ge. Ae , making use of the rnoM pleasant and
agreeable remedies ever offered to the public.
Those preferring a Medicinefree from Alcohol
ic admixture, will use
HOOFLAND'S GERMAN SITTERS.
Those who have no objection to the combination
of the Bitters, as stated, will ace
HOOFLAND'S GERMAN TONIC.
They are both equally good, and contain th
same medicinal virtues, the choice between Ihe
two being a mere matter of taste, the Ionie being
the moat palatable.
The stomach, from a variety of causes, such aa
Indigestion. Dyspepsia. Nervous Debility, etc.. ia
verv apt to hive its functions deransred. Th
Liver, syinpaihizing . as closely as It does with
the Stomach, then be comes afiVcted the result
of wbic-b is tbiit the patient suffers from aevetal
or more ol the following diseases:
Consttp.Mion. Flatulence, Inward files. Fulness
of Blood to the Head. Acidity of the Stomach,
Nausea. Heartburn, Dirgost for Food. Fulness
or Weight in the Stomach. Sour Eructations,
Sinking or Fluttering at the Pitof the Stomach,
Swimming of the Head. Hurried or Difficult
Breathing, Flutteiing at the Heart. Choking or
Suffocating Sensations when in a Lying Posture,
Dimness of Vision. Dotser Webs before tbe Sight,
Dull Tain in the Head, Deficiency of Perspha
tion. Yellowness of the Skin and Eyes, Paiu in
tbe Side, Baca, ''best, Limbs etc .Sudden flush
es of Heat, Burning in tbe Flesh , Constant im
aginings of Evil, and great depression of Spirits.
The sufferer from ,'hese diseases should exercise
the greatest caution in tbe selection of a remedy
for bis case, purcbaa:ng only that which he is as
sured from his iuves ligations and inquiriea
possesres true merit. i skilfully compound
ed, is free from injurious ingredideuta. and baa
established for itsilf a reputation fur the cure of
these diseases. In this connneclton we would
submit those well-known reuiedi
Hooftand'a German Bitttiri. and JlooJIand!
German Tonir prtftareti by Dr. C. M.
Jackson, Philadelphia, Fa.
Twenty-two years since they were first intro
duced iuto this country from (iermany, during
which time they have undoubtedly performed
more cures, and benefitted suffering humanity to
a greater extent, than any other remedies fciiown
to tbe public.
These remedies wilt effecrually cure Liver Com
plaint, Jaundice. Dys pupsia-Chronic. or Ner
vous Debility. Chron io Diarrhuea. Disease f
tbe Kidneys, and all Disease arising from a dis
ordered Liver, Stomach, or Intestines.
DEBILITY.
Resulting from any cause whatever; prostration
of the syitem. iuduced by severe labor,
hardships, exposure, fevers, etc.
There is no medicine extant equal to these rem
edies insuch eases. A tone and vigor is imparled
to the wbole system, the appetite is strengtbed,
food is etijoyed.tbe stomach digests promptly. the
blood is purified, the complexion becomes sound
and healthy, the yellow tinge is eradicated from
tbe eyes, a bloom is given to the cheeks, ai.d tbe
we ik and nervous invalid becomes a strong and
healthy oeing.
PERSONS ADVANCED IN LIFE,
And feeling the hand of time weighing heavily
upon them with all its attendar t ilia. wil1 find in
the use of this BITTEKS. or tbe TONIC, an elixer
that will instil new 'if into their veins, restore
in a measure tbe energy and ardor of more youth
ful days, build up tbeir shrunken forms, aud giv
h.alth and happiness to their remaining years.
NOTICE.
It is a well established fact that fully one-half
of tbe female portion of our population are sel
dom in the enjoyment of good beal.b; or. to
use their own expres sion, '-never feel ell "
Tbey are languid, devoid of all energy. extreme
ly nervous, aud have no appetite. Tu this class
of poisons tbe lilTTEHo, or the TONIC, is esp
ciaily recommended.
WEAK AND DELICATE CHILDREN
Are made'strong by the use of either of these
remedies. Tbey will cure every case of MARAS
MUS, without fail.
Thousands of certificates have accumulated in
the hands of the proprietor but space will allow
of the publication of but a few. Tbose.it will t
observed, are men of note and of such standing
that they must believed.
TESTIMONIALS.
Hon. Georg If. Woodward. Chirf Juttiei mj
the Sitprtme C'onrt vf Penii'a, vrttes .
Philadelphia. March 1. I8C7. '
'I find Uoofiand'e erman Hitlers' ia a
good tonic, useful in diseases of th diges
tive organs, and of great benefit io eases of de
bility, and want of nervous action in the rvstt m.
Yours truly, GEO. W WUO&W AR1'."
Hon Jamen Thomson, Judge of the Supreme
Court of Feimtyivama :
Philadelphia, April 23. IPSA.
'I consider' UooflaDd's German Bitters' intt
ahte. mnlictue in ease f attacks ot Indigestion or
Dyspepsia. 1 can certify tbta from my experi
ence of it. Yours, with respect.
JA.MtS TUUMP-jON.
From Rev. Jone-pk H. Kennard. D. 75.. Pastor
of the I tilth Bajiti't Vhitreh. Philadelphia
Dr. JartsoH Dear Sir: I bave he frequent
ly requested to connect my nam with iccou u. ni
dations ef different kinds of medicines, but re
garding tbe practice as out of my appropiiate
sphere,! bave in all -.eases deciii.rd: bui
with a clear proof in various ins'at ces and
particularly in my own iuuni- 01 ine ust-iumes
of Dr. Hoofland'a German Bitters. I depart for
once from mv usual course, to expres my full
conviction m. fur general dehilily of the ('.
aid ejtjieeiallif for Liver Complaint, it m eat
and valuable preparation, m torn" cases H may
fail, but usually. I doubt Dot. it will be very ben
eficial totbose who suffer from the above causes
Yours, very respectfully,
J U. KENNARD. 8th. bel Coatesst.
Fiom Rev. E. D. Fendall, AvnHaiU Editor
Christian Chron trie, Philadelphia. ' - '
I hav derived deoided benefit from t of
Hooflands German Bitters, and feel it my privil
ege to recommend tbrm as a most valuable 'onie,
to all who are suffering from general debility or
from diseases arising from derangment of the
Iivr. Yoaratruly. E I. FEfcDALL.
CAUTION.
Hnofland's German Remedies areeoMerfeitd.
Se.tnattb sign .tor. of C M -MKf-ON , .
th wrrper of each bottle All other are.
eonnterfeit Prinei pal Office and V.r,uao
tory at the German .Medicine Store. N. 631 AKCH
Street. Philadelphia- Pa.
CHARLES M. EVANS. Proprietor.
Formerly C. H. JACKSON A Co.
Hoofland's Herman Bitters. tr kortl. SI
Hoofland's German Bitters, half doaen, i AO
Hoofland's German Tonie put spin quart bottles '
SI 50 per bottle, or half dosen for $7 iO.
17 Do not forget to examine wall th artict
yon bny. in order to get tbe genuine.
For sal by A. I SHAW Ageat Cloatfleld Pa-
A-pl it. Wa-t-y