UL
BY S. J. BOW.
CLEARFIELD, PA. WEDNESDAY, JULY 29, 1868.
VOL. 14.-M 46.
PURPOSES
OF THE
PXVlBLiaX PARTY.
c .k f ir.,n ( W. SCOFIELD, delivered in
Sreeen tr 0'-,n ' , . ij
the h -im- of Representatives, July 14, IS08.
Mr.. S-'ikikld . Mr. Chairman, which
wu are e moving r Are we, as mjuic
..mis :ijiprvnc-a ana cuarge, mug
party
excitement ami coiuusion,
and usurpation, toward uespouc
iMverimieut, or arc we, tliouifb mth midst
of the storm, but in spite of it, still holding
I 1 . . L . n, n r 1 .2 nri.l cninr. At
i '..n.t tut i.m toward a wore ueneub uc-
t . J-
tn
.-Jotiment of republican poyernment ?
Whit, line nouid we follow f What is
v
tVi'unJaiuental theory of our Government
The emit lin n who laid its foundations held
thai 'all men are created equal." They
i.r.H-ia;ni'' I 'hi-' sentiment in the face of a
world iieaviiv oppressed with inequality of
nIik, and privilege, i hey spoke and fought
fr it. Tli.ir d-mence a; i valorestahlisbed
i! upon tliis continent. And ibat, I under
stand, i- "r om-hi to be the reeoguizcd theory
1 (,iir ttiivcruiiierit. Jt is a simple formula,
a t-vr R'.rJs. a single principle, one idea ;
i nt up iii it our fathers raised the j'abric of
the !W 'ioverniuiMit. It is that one idea
wlii.-h inikis the Government great, gradu
ally ri.ir:.' above all other I'owers on the face
of the earth, even in its infancy giving liber
ty and j r.nvin m to forty million people at
h" utie. and reachinjr out a helping hand to
tin. i.j'prt s.-ol and humble all over the
I know it is paid tint the founders of the
lirj.uhiu: did not really mean that all men
:i.rt (.roated equal, because they did not at
lir-t an 1 at once confer equal rights upon all.
It ii- impossible. Existing institutions,
vi?tfd iutTets, erroneous convictions, and
.iivi prejudices stood in the way. They
went a- far as they could then, as far as the
sentiment of their day would permit,
and then holding t. and advocating equal
riht. 1 '.ir ail men as the correct Republican
tin ".ry. awaited the tit times and opportuni
ties and the proper development ol the pub-
i
ii'imeiit to make that theory more and
mure practical. L pou tins tucory tliey
i .'iii led a new political party, which they
called :he "Republican party." This word
iii ileal, .1 as near as any one word in the
latiuage could the coiuuiorialty of all gov
( r:i!: :';:a! rights. They added to this name
tic ii.iintive "progressive," to indicate
;!. .t they .iel not mi an to go backward nor to
::.i.il still, but move forward on this theory
i f l.i.n an i ii.l.t.. It was not many years
Irli.rc ihi.- " i repressive Republican party"
mine to 1 the country.
S e t, i at was done. The slave trade was
ii::i ' I r;e I and the trader declared a pirate,
in ii.,: y . i'thc States slavery was abolished,
aii'li y an inej caeaUe ordinance all the terri
tory then held made free forever. The f'ran
t !;;-e tva. enlarsed ; and except, in the single
Stale of New York, without distinction of
Ix .'islat ion could uot make all mvn
;:. n equal in talents, but it could give all
.in i-qitid oportuiiity to cultivate whatever
'i-.-l I. ad been pleased to bestow, and there
I .re fr.-e s. Louis were established. It could
ti-1 make all men equal in wealth, but it
em'. I iiive all an eqiial chance to acquire it;
ap.i ... imprisonment fur debt was abolished,
t xi ii.i.'i.m. lVmu execution allowed, and the
Lw. ni iiilu i iiaiice eoualized. These great
a b ailees t.e.vaid equalization of governmen
tal adwnta.jt were not secured without re-sl-iaiii
e. There were conservatives in those
iliy. a. i !1 a., in ours. They saw ruin in
i very progressive step. The prohibition of
tie- -lave Ha le would deprive the poor Af
r. ,m luatbi n of a chanct? to hear the gos
I ei aiei save his ml. The dedication of
the eriii.'iie.. to freedom was sectional and
uiie.in.jitutinria!. Nun iuiprisionment for
d.-bt and exeii.-i.tiun from execution would
both det'iau 1 the creditor and destroy the
credit ot the debtor. Free schools would
burden the thrifty with taxes to educate the
ch;i Ir.-ti of idlers. The enlargement of the
Iran, h:..- w.iu'd be it degredation. But in
s) ite ni'. o;i.,.i-va:i..!n and itji evil prophecy
to ' 't.tit: ipq. loved, and whatifar more im
ran; mankind improved, but conservatism
I i ! - im iider ; it never does surrender.
1 ' ;: -. ie Republican party" be-
! in time divided into several parties
!;; t- i,;..iary qiioiions, and losing its
i''ii-:;u nan. e and organization, conser
;'' :1 1 i -e!f with the tlare power and
" . V. r , time the mastery over the
" 1 ra.' ii . :.;..t... immediately the brakes
w id. v.T.; all progress stops. It
'.'"' '!!! ..ut that the great declaration
, : f ,r equal political rights was
r.''-"!:i.' generality," "a rhetorical
? -:'::-!'. "an .mnif aniug abstraction." It
' ' ' .: ! out that political distinctions
: --:o- ; that political equality is a
!. d : that the law should assign
'.' '"' ' ' ' " e:a-sand privileces to another.
"' e "t 'hi-old doctrine was not re
''.'!e"t o! ji-ftion among the disband
' '.!. iSinall dissenting parties
u l't:v-i up. The aboliontsts, the
;.-i:!s party, the tree I'emocracy,
; . '. - - !n e .oi.l Ts. licnton Icmocrats,
' : :. r-. whieh e-eape my memory as I
: !:o;n time to time and in various
- i-. s utti'aet.'d the attention of the public.
t !.- were numerous enough -to exhibit
; ii ..'i-e nitent ei ihuikiug. progressive
s it : too il'elde to n.-si-t the.retrograde
!: in.iu-'nratd by the ai:nd powers,
' r;. ni and slavery. In Is.ir, re pre -'
s o! the-e various organi.ations,
: oi iii-. eiitiment.s indicated by them,
::l l i.-udiia. and then and there, in
i .s.a-e llou-e, in-wbieli the theory of
' . a. e,,a.ii;iy had beeu ti r.-t proclaimed,
;-!- ; 1 t. iti..iia! party, piedted to take up
: ! ; .. .p e- and earry forward the work
! ' : .. They t.Kjk the name which
;; ". ' !- "io:e l by the advocates of equal
tie- hett.-r day., of the Republic
!! o! !r. edom and equality all over
h. jan to gather iuto this new
'' "l-iie the advocates of privil
r' :" rvatives, the ami-progressives
" ' !'''' :" -'oers squatted at the feet of
! l! ratid assunied the misleading
! I'-ioracy. These Philadelphia
: ' ' ' "! a-.uiiied the nauie and re-
-ei ti.- i.K;rihe ((fthe first llejiublican
J ' :y to wit ; iillt -aH njp,, are created
- ke that party they did not ex-
t-i
ure to all men their eoual rights
Centuries of vested wrongs still
j' 1, l, ?-e way. Ite-asserting the priuciple,
! :- !:!- to the liberties already acijuired,
" ' ' 1 p j-ed to move forward slowly,
l.l ti.fij. liin.rivil.'i'rtl cllLSSeS. act bv
- a-i i n.easiire by measure, as time and
"."rtututy should permit, greater influence
a " ntae in the Government, until, in
Jjie course of time, in the distant future,
'r' fc0,J.' heboid a great nation in
.1 e.vt'ry citizen, without excertion or
..'"""tiop, bad secured to him his equal
!.f't to life, liWrty, and the pursuit of hap-i'iues.-a
alwn wjtn no ignorant, no poor,
"'- eo-iitved, no degraded class,
't is now twelve years since this party was
organized, and I submit that the history of
t tie country proves tnat it has held steadily
to its declared purpose. So give every child
an equal chance of education, it has advo
ted and legislated, both in tbe States and
Territories and in the District of Columbia,
in favor of tree schools ; to give every man
an equal chance to acquire property, the
old Republican party, as I said before, abol
ished imprisonment for debt, and made tbe
necessaries of life exempt from execution.
Following in these footsteps, tbe Republican
party.in the first year of its national triumph,
secured to every landless man one-hundred-ftnd
sixty-acre farm without money and with
out price ; and in the further practice of the
same principle only last year it released the
honest but broken debtor from the further
pursuit of unrelenting credit. By an amend
ment to the Constitution slavery in sixteen
States, in the District of Columbia, and in
all the vast Territories of the country has
been abolished, and its restoration made im
possible forever. We have many bright pages
in our history I trust we are to have many
more but the page that records this brief
amendment will be the brightest of them
all. The franchise, which lifts up the humble,
protects the weak, educates the ignorant,
and endows the poor, the synonym of liber
ty and self respect, has from time to time
been greatly enlarged. Under Republican
legislation the volunteer soldier retains
his franchise and sends home his. vote.
One year's service of the country endows
the alien with the ballot. In twelve
States, in all the Territories, and in the Dis
trict of Columbia, the franchise has been
extended to all and without distinction of
race, and the whole tendency of Republican
debate and legislation has been toward an
enlargemeot of the franchise without re
striction, except for crime.
All these measures look in one direction,
and lead only to one result. They enlarge
the rights, privileges, and opportunities of
all the people, and subordinate the laws to
the popular will. That is not despotism,
but freedom. These measures may all be
wrong, but it so, it is because the theory of
popular government is wrong. I have a
-right, therefore, to conclude that the charge
of despotic tendency preferred against the
Republican party is entirely without founda
tion. It may be said that two of these nieasures.,
nnniely, the emancipation of the slaves in
nil the States and their enfranchisement in
the eleven rebel States have been too much
hurried. The Republican party did not in
the beginning intend to move so rapidly.
Emancipation, which would withdraw from
the enemy and add to us tour million ponu-
lation, became a military recessity. The
great purpose of the rebellion was to with
draw slavery from the wasting influence of
the nineteenth century ; to build it around
with a new nationality, aid wall out the
light and warmth of a Christian age. That
motive could only be destroyed by the des
truction ef slavery itself, and we struck it
a hurried but fatn blow. lVe.utuie -era-4
franchisement, if premature it is, has 1 een
forced upon us for a somewhat similar rea
son. Tbe returning rebels demanded two
sets of Congressmen, all their own, and
thirty-three more lor the blacks, both sets
to be elected exclusively by themselves.
Under the amended Constitution the claim
was legal. But such double power would
enable them to vote down your soldiers'
pensious, repudiate your plighted honor,
force upon you the payment for emancipa
ted slaves, and finally to master and redivide
the Union. To break the strength of this
disunion element, we put the ballot in the
hands of the loyal black man. Our own
safety and the safety of the Uuion demand
ed it, but it is in accordance with the tfreory
of our Government, and if a little prema
ture, time will soon overtake it.
But you have passed laws restraining the
pewcrs of the President ; where is the des
potism of that? A despotic government is
a one man government all executive. IIow
can restraints upon that one-man power be
also despotic ? They might be considered
too Republican, too Democratic, but to call
them despotic involves a contradiction.
What are the facts ? During the war the
President was clothed with extraordinary
powers. The Democrats complained. They
apprehended that these powers might be
used to destroy the liberties of the people.
At length the war was over, Mr. Johnson
had come to be Piesident, but the extraor
dinary powers were still attached to the ex
ecutive office. They were no longer needed,
but were as dangerous as ever. Mr. John
son himself said in his celebrated Kast Room
speech, that he possessed power enough to
make himself dictator. A great many peo
ple thought he intended to Hry it. Then
Congress began to do what the Democrats
claimed they should have done long before,
confine the executive power to its old peace
limits. Then they com plain again. To confer
the powers were despotic, to recall them is
despotii. One or the other complaint is
unfounded. We could hot be wrong each
time' We were really right each time. It
was proper that the President should have
large powers to suppress the rebellion, and
that these powers should be surrendered af
ter the necessity was rassed.
Butyourmode of reconstructing the South
is despotic ! .Not so much so as yours, pro
vided you adopted it. The President put
the people of the South under military rule;
Congress did not. We did not order the
Army there. We did not . keep it there.
We took no action till March 3. 1867. Lp
to that time the President had his own way,
and all this time he governed the fcouth by
the Aruiv. Till then his despotic will
was law. lie got up conventions. He selec
ted the voters. He shaped the constitutions
,).l-.re.I ilipm a lot, ted. He allowed no
popular vote. That was your plan. This
ma us ilevirfllisill uureoiraineu uiic-muu
,;i;,ort- nimiT Our rdan was only a re
straint upon yours. N e did not order the
A.m, oirntr tn be sure : but we put it under
the control of law. W e did not prohibit
the assembling of conventions, but released
them from the dictation of the President.
We did not forbid constitutions to De iraniea,
but required their submission to the people.
Your plan was to originate State govern
ments in accordance with the Presidents
will, ours in accordance with established
Rut vou are makine encroachments upon
tbe Supreme Court 1 A bill which requires
the concurrence of two thirds of the judges
to declare a statute of the U nited Mates
void was proposed, but never became a law.
Supose it had, what despotism is there in
inai r Vt IIO compose me ouuicuic vuu. i. i
Usually nine judges. Tbey are appointed
by the President and bold their offices for
life. The people can change their Repre
sentatives once in two years, their President
once in four, and their Senators once in six ;
but the judges of this court are always be
yond theit reach. This is the only anti-republican,
aristocratic, despotic feature in
our Government. While these judges are
entirely above the influence of the people,
they are not above the common passions
and infirmities of mankind. They are still
politicians, as much so as Senators and Rep
resentatives, though not progressive. They
be d to whatever was uppermost when they
were lifted out of politics to the bench. You
can tell the politics of a judge by the date
of his comiuiftsion, and the date of his com
mission by bis politics.
Tbey crvstalize in the sentiments .f thr
day and are changeless ever after. Some of
tbem cannot even now realize that there has
been a great war; and are trying to decide
that, a constable and grand jury were equal
to the "late political disorder." Some can
not realize that the slave power has been le
gally dethroned ; and are trying to retain in
the legislation of the country at least a few
memorial shreds of the odious institution. I
have the best authority tor saying that a ma
jority of tbesi judges have made up their
minds thit the "lepal-tender" law is uncon
stitutional, and will so decide in the cases
now pending in their court. I mention this
fact, not for present criticism, but as an il
lustration of the vast power of these nine
men over the fortunes of the people. Is a
law that requires the agreement of one or
two more judges before they make a decision
that will ruin all the debtors of the country
by requiring them to pay their debts in gold
despotic ? Every debtor in the country who
now thinks such a law would be despotic
will have reason to change his mind before
he is two years older.
Again, it is said that our legislation tends
to centralization of power in the General
Government, and that centralization tends
to despotism. I deny it. We have endeav
ored to preserve the Union of the States,
because individual liberty can be best secur
ed in a single Kepublic. The Republic was
divided before we came to power. On the
4th of .March, J8C1, r. Buchanan surren
dered to Mr. Lincoln the northern half,
having surrendered the southern half to Jef
ferson Davis nearly a month before. We
found it with sluvery, the chif sineeuitive
to disunion, and we broke the . chains of
four million of bondmen. We' found an
hundred kinds of money that would not pass
as many miles from home, and we have re
duced them to one uniform system of equal
value all over the land. We found the Pa
cific States separated from the East by a
vast unoccupied country, and growing up
into isolated nationality, and we have stretch
ed out great lines of railway to secure their
commerce and hoid their interests and affec
tions in the Union. We found commerce
between the States everywhere burdened
and obstructed by local and illiberal State
legislation, and we have undertaken some
measures of relief. These enterprises, un
dertaken to preserve the harmony of the
States and secure the growth and develop
ment of the whole country, are mistaken by
small politicians for acts of centralization.
In addition to carrying on . four-years
war for the suppression of the rebellion all
these beneficent and permanent reforms,
nave been secured duriug the ktl lite ot
the Republican party. Take as many years
of Democratic administration prior to that
and tell me what record you have left to
awaken the gratitude or pride of the people.
there stands the gallows upon which they
immolated old John Brown, a brave but err
ing enthusiast of human freedom ; but its
victim is more honored to-dav than its cruel
architects. Just beyond is the Dred Scott
decision, rendered in violation ot precedent,
law, and Constitution, for the bructilizatioo
of four uiiliions Christian people. It has no
friends now. Turtherou you behold the
Missouri compromise -otir fathers' bond of
Union the peace offerine of iUs dav. rtpu-
diated, broken, and trampled underfoot that
the inhumanity ot the hou might be with
out restraint. Standing around it, as fit
witnesses of the wrong, are the "border ruf
fian war," the "Lieeompton villainy," and
the small tyrannies of Pierce and Buchanan.
Still further down this dreary history stands
the "fugitive slave law," to which every
Democratic knee was wont to bow. Its man
acles are broken. Its bloodhounds no longer
bay upon the track of its victims. No gar
lands crown it ugly brow. It has no tvor
shippers,no admirers, no defenders,no apol
ogists even. Ail have sneaked away. These
are the monuments of their administrations.
During all these weary years nothing was
done by the predominant party to elevate
and honor labor, to educate the poor, to lift
up the fallen, to endow the landless, or to
soften the cruelties of bondage. You can
not point to a single act that any body will
celebrate, that any body will honor,that any
body will remember, even, except with re
gret or shame.
This doctrine of political equality forms
the great "divide" between parties now, as
heretofore. The conservative, or anti-progressive
element,always beaten, except when
allied with the slave power, takes heart from
the complication of public affairs and enters
the arena with new disguises. The remnant
of the slave aristocracy rallies to its standard.
The foiled secessionists extend their crimson
hands both to aid and to be aided. A great
church, believine that the mass of mankind
should le rjutdeit rather than eitcMfe,leads
its vast flock where otherwise we would least
expect it into the support of anti-republican
distinctions. Many submit to the theory
which degrades them because it degrades
others more than themselves. And many
mistake license to the vicious for liberty to
mankind. It is the old combination so often
beaten. There may be a few recruits ; some
few who have obtained senatorial and judi
cial honors by the advocacy of equal rights,
through the natural selfishness of the hu
man heart, have come to believe in rank
since they have reached the highest. A few
descendants of eminent men, unable by per
sonal merit to command the position of their
fathers, reject their fathers' doctrine. John
Quiucy Adams was a progressive Republi
can, and his grand-son is a conservative.
The descendant claims by law what the an
cestor acquired by desert. To these add a
few natural grumblers, and you have the
present Democratic-conservativs-sorehead-rebel
party.
Such elements can be held together in a
party of opposition, because a minority par
ty need have no affirmative policy. They
bring forward no measures of their own. It
is their business to hold back, to oppose, to
criticise, to denounce, to threaten ; not to
originate, to propose, to decide, or to act.
To avoid present accountability for the past
they even condemn their own history and
acquiesce in the defeat of their own mea
sures. Thpy were opposed to the "Lecomp-
ton fraud and "border ruffian war" after
Kansas became a free State. They approv
ed the homestead law after it was enacted.
Thotr An not worshin the fugitive slave law
after it is repealed. They are in favor of
the war after it is over, l ney are opposea
to slavery after it is abolished. They will
doubtless be opposed to repudiation after
the debt is paid, and in favor of universal
suffrage after every body can vote. But
they attack whatever is proposed by others,
whatever is uppermost for the time being.
During the last seven years tbey have done
nothing but scold. Scolding is their voca
tion, their sovereign remedy for all public
ills.
They scolded the Union party when Bu
chanan divided the Republic, and scolded
harder when we attempted to restore it. If
the army lacked men tbey would scold. If
a draft was ordered to fill it they would scold.
If the Treasury was empty they would scold.
If taxes were levied they would scold. If
a loan was attempted they would scold. If
a battle was lost they would scold about mis
management if it was won about subjuga
ting the South. They scolded terribly when
$300 would commute the draft, and worse
when the law was repealed. They scolded
when greenbacks were issued, and scolded
again when the issue was stopped. They
scold when the rebel States are kept out,and
scold when they are brought in.
While this party remains in the minority
scolding may answer their purpose. It may
even enlarge their numbers by the addition
of malcontents and impracticable men. But
if they carry the election next fall they must
become actors instead of critics. What will
they then do? If thev have been honest in
their opposition to Republican measures
they must attempt to undo them all. They
were opposed to coercion 'they must,there
fore, restore the Confederacy and treat for
terms of separation. They were opposed
to emancipation, they must re-establish sla
very. They were opposed to the amend
ment of the Constitution, which forbids
payment for emancipated slaves and the as
sumption of rebel debts; they must, there
fore, repeal it. They wer opposed ' to the
repeal of the fugitive slave law ; they must,
therefore, re-enact it. They opposed the
re-admission ot the eight reconstructed reb
el States; they must, therefore, turn them
out. Their candidate for Vice President
says they will, and that by revolution if they
cautict bylaw. They were opposed to the
enfranchisement of the colored people in the
rebel States; they must, therefore, disfran
chise them and leave the rebel power with
out check or division. They opposed the
enfranchisement ot the. citizen soldiers, and
they must be disfranchised also. It may be
said they cannot accomplish all this. . That
is true, but they can try it.: They must try
it, because if they do not. it is a confession
that they have ail along been wrong, and we
have all along been right, whieh s a confes
sion that they ought to be defeated at the
polls. They carried the Legislatuie ot Ohio
last foil, and immediately began the work of
demolition. Their first attack was on the
franchise. They at once withdrew from the
soldier, the student, and the quadroon, whom
they classed and proscribed together, the
rbht to vote. Ohio had given her consent
to theconstitutionai amcndmendiiient, which
makes the loyal Slates equal in representa
tion in the Federal Government to the rebel
States,and prohibits payment for slaves and
the assumptiuu of rebel debtr-but this Leg
islature revoked ft. . KuppoB.i--l" fail in
ineir errons, now is rt-iiuty-to bp
fitted by a four years' struggle over it ? If
they succeed, the old slave aristocracy be
comes again the masters of the country. The
defeated rebels become the political victors,
llainptou and Forrest and Prestou will be
the honored soldiers at Washington, as they
were in the New York Convention, and
Grant and Sherman and Sheridan will be dis
charged on parole. It is said they will not
carry matters so far ; the northesn wing of
the party will moderate and restrain the in
solence of the rebel wing. So we were told
when Pierce and Buchanan were candidates,
but after the election we soon found that
the southern Democrats controlled the nor
thern. Whether the northern Democrats
desigu it or not it will be so again.
But it is said this party can jret us out of
all financial trouble. The southern wing got
us into it, but how can they get usout? Will
they pay it? They ought to do so, but they
will not", and I suppose they can not. They
pay no taxes. They say they have nothing
to pay with. They could do nothing, then,
but tas us and dispose of our money. Why
should they be selected for that office? When
have they shown any financial ability supe
rior to northern men? They run the Con
federacy four years and two months, and so
far from developing financial ability they de
veloped great lack of it. Their only schemes
were forced loans, to be paid out of taxes on
the loans themselves. Their currency be
came so worthless that they were forced to
collect taxes in kind. They developed great
military ability, I concede, but as financiers
they were total failures. It was always so.
Before the war they borrowed from the
North the money to improve their estates,
build their railroads and their public works,
and it has been mostly paid in confiscation
and bankruptcy. They might double your
debt by adding theirs to it, but how would
they, or could they, discharge it, except by
repudiation ?
What could the northern wingof thepar
tydo? They have had the Administration
and run the Treasury Department for the
last three years. Tbe whisky tax that ought
to vield $y0,CM0,0l0 perycar has. under their
management, yielded less than $14,000,000.
They are iuiavor ot free trado,so they would
get noticing from customs. The internal
taxes are now nearly all collected from whis
ky, tobacco, banks, and incomes. Could
they find any -better sources of revenue?
Would they take tbe tax from whisky and
put it on bread ? From tobacco and put it
on coffee? From incomes and put it on la
bor ?' Or would thej abolish taxes altogeth
er? IIow, then, couid they relieve us of
debt ? No way, sir, except by follow ing
their southern wing into repudiation. That
would be an expensive payment. It implies
disgrace abroad, and distress.rcvolution and
anarchy at home. I have a!wa3's thought
the liberties of this country could not sur
vive a repudiation of its debt. In my judg
ment it would produce a convulsion which
would end iu the establishment of a less
popular form of government.
But it is said, again, they could tax the
bonds. Very well. But why make that a
party question any more than taxing whisky
or income? If all the bonds were taxed, in
cludina those held abroad, at tbe proposed
rate, that is, ten percent- upon the interest
in addition to the five per cent, already col
lected, we could only realize from tl is source
$12,000,000. Compared with our other
sources of revenue, this a small sum. hy
surrender the Government, with all its fi
nancial, military, and political interests to
those who but three years ago were in arms
to destroy it altogether, order to secure so
small a modification of the law ? If the
people think i best. upon full consideration,
to levy this tax, can they uot so instruct
their Reptesentatives in the several districts?
If Grant is elected so as to give confidence
in the stability of the Government and the
continued peace of the country, we can ex
change our bonds for a long bond bearing
from one to two per cent, less interest. This
would save to-the country from twenty to
thirty million dollars per year instead of
$12,000,000. W would not only realize in
this way more than as much again money,
but avoid the charge of incipient repudia
tion. Why has not that been done already?
If you can tell me why God in his provi
dence has seen tit to afflict this country with
such a President as Andrew Johnson, 1 can
answer the question. For three years he
has been sitting there, an obstruction to all
proper legislation and administration. If
we propose a new bond with low interest he
calls before him the correspondent of the
"London Times," and fills him with appre
hensions of repudiation to be scat let ed all
over Europe. If we put a tax on whiskey,
which, if properly collected, would relieve
us of all other internal taxes, he is careful
to see that it never goes to the Treasuiy.
He counsels with the bi terest opponents of
tne war, nnd plots with the bitterest rebels.
Their common purpose seems to be to keep
the country distracted ; to defeat tbe recon
struction of the Sonth ; to advise, prompt,
and aid resistance; to encourage mobs and
murderers to fulfill their prophetic war ot
races; to keep the finances unsettled and
business men in doubt ; to worry the men
who trusted the Government wben tbey
would not, and make them unpopular with
the people ; to magnify the burdens of tax
ation, and thus confuse the judgment and
tire the patience of the people. The more
distress,real or imaginary, they can produce
in the country the greater will be their chanc
es of political success.
They make the trouble and hold the Re
publicans responsible for it. With John
son controlling the Treasury and all the Ex
ecutive Departments we can do nothing.
He can, will and does thwart all our efforts.
If the government now goes into the hands
of the southern rebels with only such re
straints as their northern allies choose to
impose, capitalists will have no confidence
in the maintenance of any new contract end
will make none.
But it is said, again, that this party would
pay off the bonds in greenbacks at once and
have done with interest. At present we
have no surplus of greenbacks to pay with,
and unless taxation is very much increased
wo will not. have for several years to come.
Whether the bonds shall be paid in green
backs or gold is a question for the future.
It is not a question for this year or next. It
may never be a question. Before we may
be able to pay at all. or can be called on to
pay, gold and greenbacks may and probably
will beot equal value. It may become a
troublesome question at some future day;
but why anticipate the trouble? Do not
the times furnish trouble enough without
this?
Yes; but the Democrats would print
greenbacks enough to payoff the bonds.
That would give us $2,oOO,(X)o,000 of cur
rency at least ; if the bank issue was still
outstanding, $2,800,000,000. During the
war the Democrats declared that in time it
would take a cord of greenbacks to pay for
a cord of wood. They would thus fulfill
their own prophecy. Such a course would
lw uui V 11V. kru" , - r .-1 1.- l
tors would not be the only sufferers. It
would discharge all-private debts as well.
Rut like the confederate currency it would
have little value except to pay debts and af
ter that nobody would take it- A debtor
might sell a horse for enough to pay for a
farm he purchased on credit the year before ;
but there the traffic would end ; all trade
would stop ; all manufactures would stop ;
the poor would have no employment, and
property command no price. But, after all,
it might not effect the discharge of debts
either public or private. Suppose the debt
ors should refuse to take it.and the Supreme
Court should decide the law unconstitution
al and void. That would bring everybody
to specie payments at once. It is well un
derstood that this court will ultimately ren
der such a decision on the present legal
tender law. They only wait lor a favorable
time. Such an avalanche of irredeemable
paper might force the decission at once.
As proof of the financial ability of this
party we are reminded that in 1801 they
left the country free from debt, and that
under our administration a debt of $2,500.
009,000 has been created. Tim nieiit
is not quite true. Thy left the country in
del t nearly toO.000,000 in time of peace,
and its credit so low that Howell Cobb, the
Secretary of the Treasury,informed congress
in December! 18b0,thatbe wasnnablej alter
repeated efforts, to lonow the little sum of
$10,000,000. It Is true, We. have a large
debt; but who caused it? It will be ad
mitted that the debt was created to suppress
the rebellion, and the southern wing of the
party which now complains of it got up the
rebellion to divide the Union. It ought al
so to be admitted,but I suppose will not be,
that the rebellion was prompted and encour
aged by a portion of the northern wing.
Upon some portion of the Democratic par
ty, as at present organized, lies the whole
responsibility of this rebellion. Is it fair
then, to hold us responsible for a debt
caused by the misconduct of some of our
opponents?
In 1-803 there was a great anti-war riot in
New York. To suppress it and repair dam
ages cost the city a large sum of money.
Suppose these rioters and their sympathetic
friends the next year had formed a party
and nominated a ti kel to contest with the
old officials the possession of the city gov
ernment, would they have had the check to
urge as a reason for the change that the
debt of the city had been enlarged the year
before I During the war the beautiful town
of Chambersburg, in the State of Pennsyl
vania, was burned by the rebels. A large
debt was created to rebuild it. Suppose
these incendiaries had settled in Chambers
burg after the war was over and had finally
been placed on the Democratic ticket tor lo
cal officers, would it have been altogether
modest in them to urge the people to select
them because the old officers had created
this debt? It a discharged cashier, turning
thief and robbing your bank, and thus en
tailing upon it a heavy debt, should, on his
return from the penitentiary, ask to be re
stored to his old place, and give as a reason
that your bank was out of debt when he was
discharged, and a large debt was created hy
his successor, would you be likely to restore
him? And yet the impudence of the New
York rioters, the Chambersburg incendia
ries, and the discharged cashier wou d not
be greater than that of the late rebels and
their northern allies, who ask to be restored
to power because their own misconduct has
forced the contraction of a large debt.
The talk about relieving the country of
its obligations, means repudiation or it is a
deception. They cannot levy the taxes more
judiciou.-ly, nor collect or apply them more
honestly than anybody else. Their three
years trial under Mr. Johnson has not de
veloped any superior character in this di
rection. They certainly could not negotiate
for a low rate of interest to advantage.
Capitalists knowing the debt will always be
hateful to a large portion of their party be
cause it must ever remind them of their fol
ly and humiliation.would fear to trust them.
This pcrtion of their party, to frighten
the people into total or partial repudiation
constantly magnify the burden and decry
the ability of tbe country to discharge it.
Why, Mr. Chairman, the amount of our
property to-day is $22,0(0,0(0,0(K. Every
twelve years it doubles. Our population is
forty millions, and doubles every twenty-five
years. The increase in the wealh ot the
country, as shown by an able and accurate
mathematician, would pay the whole debt
in two years. In twenty-five years our pop
ulation will be eighty millions, and our
property worth SSCH.OOO.OOO. To our in
creased wealth and population the whole
debt would be' no more than one fourth of
what it is to us. If, then, they nrean repu
diation we do not need it, and cannot afford
it. If,- in' any other re?pect. they claim
financial superiority, it is Unfounded pre
sumption. Aside from the question of finance, this
party promise nothing except to fight over
and backwards the political battles of the
last twelve years. Is the country prepared
to embark in such a struggle ? lo we want
ar. Administration which will not only resist
all further progress, as Mr. Johnson has
done, hut undertake to woik the country
back., act by act and measure by measure, to
the days of Pierce and Buchanan? Is any
human being to be benefitted by it? Would
it not be better to choose ail Administration
which will not only hold fast to the liberty
and privileges already scenred to the people,
but, as time an opportunity permit, move
slowly forward on the ere.it Republican doc
trine of e.fual political rights?
gussmcisus givcctoni.
U
TALTKR BAKKETT, Attorney at Law. Clear
field, F. May 13. iisoa.
TJD. Vf. GRAHAM. Denlir in Drj -floods. (Sroee
i rios. Hardware. Queenfwure. Wooden ware,
Provisions, etc., MarKet Struct. CleafSeid. Pa.
-VJIVLIXO A fHOWEILS. TVBlern in Pry-Kood
Ladies' Fancy ocd. Mats and Clips. Hoots,
hoes, et . Second Street, Clearfield, i'a. tcf2.t
rEUKELI A BIGLEK. Dealers in liar-ware
3L and manufacturer of Tin and Sheet-iron
raro, Second Street. Clcurueld. Pa. June (it.
HF. NAUOLE. Watch and Clock Maker, and
. dealer in Watches, .Jewelry, Ac. Kocm in
tlraham'i row, Marketstreet. Nov. 10.
HBUCHER SWOOPE. Attorney at- Law.Clear
. field, Pa. OfF.ct inOnthara's Row. four iloo f
west of Graham i Boynton's store. Nor. 10.
I TEST. Attorney at Law. Clear3e!d. Pa., will
. attend promptly to all Legal bufincFS entrust
ed to his care in Clearfield and adjoining coun
ties. Office on Market street. July 17, 1867.
rnHOMAS H. FOKCET. Dealer in Square and
J Sawed Lumber. Iry-(ioods. Qaeensware, Jro
ceries. "Flour. Grain. Feed, Bacon, Ac . Ac, (Jra
hamton, Clearfield county. Pa. Oct 10.
J P. KRATZER, Dealer in Dry -Goods. Clothiug.
. Hardware Queensware, Groceric-?- Provi
sions, etc.. Market Street, neatly opjiofite the
Court Hiuse. ClearfiiUil.-Pj- . - . ... Ji:nn. ISfij. ...
H AISTSWICK A IRWIN. DcaleM in Druea.
Medicines. Paints. Oils. Stationary. Perfume
ry . Fancy Goods, Notions, etc., etc. Market street.
Cleaificld.Pa L'za. 6, lsfi5.
- KKATZER A SON, dealers in Dry flooda,
V J. Clothing. Hardware, Quscnsware, Groce
ries. Provisions. Ac, Front Street, (ahove the A
cademy.) Cleai field. Pa. Dec 27. 1sfi5.
JOHN GUELICH. Manufacturer of all kinds f l
Cabinet-ware, Market street. Clearfield. Pa
He also makes to order Coffins, on short notice, and
attends funerals with a hearse. AjnrtO59.
milOMAS J. M'CULLOUGH. Attorney at Law.
J Clearfield. Pa. OClce, ea;t of th -Clearfield
o Bank. Deeds and other legal instruments pre
pared with promptness and accuracy. July 3
RICHARD MOSSOP, Dealer in Foreign and Do
mestic Dry Goods, Groceries, Flour. Bacon,
Liquors. Ae. Room, on Market street, a few doors
west ot JourruJOffie, Clearflold, Pa. Apr27.
FB READ, M D.t Physician and Suigcon.
. William's Grove, Pa., offers his profei"'
services to the citizens of the surroui"i!r """"
try July lllth. ie7. tf.
THEPunlCK LEITZINGER. Manufacturer of
i all kinds of Stone-ware. Clearfield. Pa. Or
ders tolicited wholesale or retail He nlsokeep
on band and for sale an assortment of carthens
ware, of his own manufitcture. Jan. 1. 1863
JOHN It. FULFOHfj. Attorney at Law. Clear
field. Pit. Office with J. B. Mt-Enally, Esq.,
ovor First National Bark. Prompt attention Riv
en to the securing of Bounty claims. Ae.. and to
Ail legal business. March 27, ISti.
lf ALLACE. Bf.fi LER A FIELDISfl. Attor-
V nevs at Law' Clearfield. Pa.. Legal business
of all kinds promptly and accurately attended to.
. Clearfield, Pa., May loth, IStifi.
WILLIAM A. WALLACE t! ILt.t 3. PIHLF.n
J.BLAKK WAITKIIS FlIAJi K VI (;I.niNO
VLnERT.GEARY k CO. .Dealers in Dry Goods.
Groceries, Hardware. Quecnsware. Flour Ba
con, etc.. Woodland. Clearfield county Pa. Also,
extensive dealers in all kinds of sawed lumber
shingles, and square timber. Orders solicited.
Woodland. Pa , Aug. 19th, ISrtJ.
DR J. P. BURCII FIELD Late Surgeon of the
83d Rcg't Penn'a Vols., having returned
from the army, offers his professional services io
the citizens of Clearfield and vicinity. Profes
sional calls r.romntlv attendnd to. Office on
Sooth-East earner of 3d and Market Streets.
Oct. 4. lS6i 6mp.
QURVEYOR. The undersigned offers
his services to the public, as a Surveyor.
He may be found at his residence in Lawience
townzh'p. when not engaged; or addressed by
letter at Clearfield. Penu a.
March 6th. 18rt7.-tf. JtMES MITCHELL.
BANKING & COLLECTION Oil ICE
OF
McGIRK A PERKS.
Successors to Foster.' Perks. Wright A Co.,
Pdilipsbium:, Cestrt. Co., Pa.
Whore all the business of a BanKin? House
will be transacted promptly and upon the most
favorable terms. March 211. -tf.
J. D. 11 ( I It K .
KM 11. 1'rUtKS
pLEAUl-TELD HOUSE, Clearfield,
J The subscriber would respectfully
solicit a contiiiunce of the paironaee of his old
iriends and customers at the -Clearfield House."
Having made many Improvements, he is prcpar
ed to accommodate all who may favor hltn wilh
their custom. Every department connected with
the house is conducted in a manner to give gou
eral satisfaction. Give him acall.
.Nov. 4 ISrt6. GEO. X. COT.BCRX.
O C O T T HOUSE.
MAIN STREET, JOHNSTOWN, PA.
A. EOW & CO., IIROPKIETOKS.
This house having been refitted and elegantly
furnished, is now open for the reception and en
tertainment of guests. Tbe proprietors by long
experience in hotel keeping, feel confident they
can satisfy a discriminating publio. Their bari
supplied with the choicest brands of liquors an
wine. July 4th. 1S66.
HE WESTERN HOTEL.
Clearfield, Penn'a.
The undersigned, bajricg taken charge of tbe
above named Hotel, generally known as 'The
Lanich House," situate on the corner of Market
and Second Streets. Clearfield, Pa. desires to in
t Vi a t ii r 1 1 ihatKa iiniiv nrenared to accom
modate those who may favor him with a call.
. . - j r : .. V. - J
Tne neose baa been re-nttea ana n iuiwiu,
and hence he flatten himself that be will be able
to entertain customers in a satisfactory manner.
A liberal sharn of patronage is solicited.
June 12, 1S6V J A- STINE.
TJOOFLAND'S GERMAN BITTERS,
AND
HOOFLAND S GERMAN TONIC.
THE GREAT REMEDIES
For all diseases of the Liver. Stomach, or diges
tive organs.
lloortancVs German Bitters
Is composed of the pore juices (or. as they ara
medicinally termed, extract,) of Roots, tier bs,na
Barks, making a prep aration.hrghly eoncen
trated, and entirely - tn from alcoholic d
muture of any kind.
IIOOFLAXD'S GERMAN TOXIC.
Is a combination of all tbe ingredients of the Bit
ters, with the purest quality of SantaCruz Rum,
Orange. Ac . making one of the most pleasant and
agreeable remedies ever offered to the public.
Those preferring a Medicine free from Alcohol
ic admixture, will use
HQOFLAXD'S GERMAN SITTERS.
Those who have no objection to the combination
of the Bitters, as stated, will use
IIOOFLAND'S GERMAN TOXIC.
They are both equally jood and contain the
same medicinal virtues, the choice between the
two being a mere matter of taste, the Tonio beinjr
the most palatable.
The stomach, from a variety of causes, such as
Indigestion, Dyspepsia, Nvrvous Debility, eto., is
very apt to have ita functions deranged. The
Liver, sympathizing as closely as itdoes with
the Stomach, then be comes affected .the result
of whieh is that the patient suffers from several
or more ot the following diseases:
ConstipMion, Flatulence, Inward Piles, Fa! was
of Blood to the Head. Acidity of the Stomach,
Nausea, Heartburn, Disgust for Food, Fulness
or Weight in the Stomach, Sour Eructations,
Sinking or Fluttering at the Pitof the Stomach,
Swimming of the Head, Hurried or Difficult
Breathing. Fluttering at the Heart, Choking or
Suffocating Sensations when in a Lying Posture,
Dimness of Vision, Dots or Webs before the Sight,
Dull Pain in tbe Head, Deficiency of Perspira
tion. Yellowness of the Skin and Eyes, Pain in
the Side, Back,Chest, Limbs, etc., Sudden flush
es of Heat, Burni ug in tbe Flesh , Constant im
aginings of Evil, and great depression ef Spirits.
The sufferer from ?hese diseases should exercise
tbe greatest caution in tbe seleotion of a remedy
for his case, purchasing only that which he is as
sured from his inves ligations and inquiries
possesses true merit.
is skilfully compound
ed, is free from injurious ingredidents, and baa
establUhed for itself a reputation for the cure of
these diseases. In this eonnnection we would
submit those well-known remedie
Iloojtand't German Bittrrs, and HoflaniV t
German- Totiir, prrparrH by Dr. C. M.
J art son, Philadelphia, Pa.
Twenty-two years sinoe they were first intro
duced into this country from Germany, during
which time they have undoubtedly parformea
more cures, and benefitted suffering humanity to
a greater extent, than any other remedies known
to the public.
These remedies will effectually cure Liver Com
plaint. Jaundice. Dys pepsia.Chjoniifcu-i
ftfU WimtfjWdurrAiseasea arising from a dis
ordered Liver, Stomach, or Intestines.
DEBILITY.
Resulting from any cause whatever; prostration
of the syitem. induced by severe labor,
hardships, exposure, fevers, ete.
There is no medicine extant equal to these rem
edies in such cases. A tone and vigor is imparted
to the whole system, the appetite is strengthed,
food is enjoyed, tbe stomach digests promptly .the
blood is purifiod, tbe complexion becomes sound
and healthy, the yellow tinge is eradicated from
tbe eyes, a bloom is given to tbe cheeks, and the
we-ik and nervous invalid becomes a strong and
beaithy being.
PERSONS ADVANCED IN LIFE,
And feeling the hand of time weighing heavily
upon them, with all its attendant ills. will find in
the use of this BITTEKS. or the TONIC, an elixer
that will instil new life into their veins, restore
in a measure the energy and ardor of mure youth
ful days.build up their shrunken forms, and giva
health aud buppieess to tbeir remaining years.
NOTICE.
Tt is a well established fact that fully one-half
of the female portion of our population are sel
dom in the enjoyment of good health; or, to
use their own exprcs --J sion.-neverfeel well."
They are languid, devoid of all energy, extreme
ly nervous, aud have no appetite. To this class
of petsons the BITTERS, or the TONIC, is espe
cially recommended.
WEAK AND DELICATE CHILDREN
Are made strong by the use of either of these
remedies. Tbey will cure every ease of MARAS
MUS, without fail.
Thousands of certificates have accumulated In
the bauds of the proprietor, but space will allow
of tbe publication of but a few. Tbose.it will be
observed, are men of note and of such standing
that they must believed.
TESTIMONIALS.
Hon. Geortrf W. Woodward, Chief Justie4 cj
the Siiprrnu Court of Penn'a, write :
Philadelphia. March 16, 1667.
"I find -Hoofland's - German Bitters' is a
good tonic useful in diseases of tbe diges
tive organs, and of great benefit in eases of de
bility, and want of nervous aetion in the system.
Yours truly, GEO. W WOODWARD."
Hon Jam' Thompson, Judge of the Supreme
Court of Pennsylvania :
Philadelphia, April 23, 1866.
ilI eonsider'Hoofland's German Bitters' a vafu
ahle meilirtn in case if attacks ot Indigestion or
Dvspepsia. I can certify this from my experi
ence of it. Yours, with respect,
JAMES THOMPSON.
From Rev. Joseph II. Kennard. D. D., Pastor
of the tenth Baptist Church, Philadelphia.
Dr. Jarl-son Dear Sir: I have been frequent
ly requested to connect my name with recommen
dations ef different kinds of medicines, but re
garding tbe practice as out of my appropriate
sphere, I have in all cases declined; but
w i th a clear proof in various instances and
particularly in my own family, of tbe usefulness
of Dr. Hoofland's German Bitters. 1 depart for
once from my usual eourse, to express my full
conviction tbat,'r general dehiliti of the system,
and e)eciallf for Liver Complaint, it it a safe
and valuable preparation. Id some cases it may
fail, but usually. I doubt not. it will be very ben
eficial to (hose who suffer from the above causes.
Yours, very respectfully,
J. it. KEN N ARD, 8th.bel CoateS st,
Fiom Rev. E. D. Fendall, Assistant Editor
Christian Chroniele, Philadelphia.
I have derived decided benefit from the nse of
Hooflands German Bitters, and feel it my pilvil-e-e
to reeommend them as a most valuable tonie,
toall who are suffering from general debility or
from diseases arising from derangement of the
liver. Yours truly, h. D. FENDALL.
CAUTION.
Hoofland's G erman Remedies are counterfeited.
See that the sign tture of C. M. JACKSON is on
the wrapper of each bottle. All others are
counterfeit Princi -L- pal Office and Manufao
tory at the German Medicine Store,No.6Jl AHCil
Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
CHARLES M. EVANS, Proprietor.
Formerly C. M. JACKSON A Co.
Hoofland's German Fitters, rer bottle,
Hoofland's German Bitters, half dozen,
Si 00
. s 00
Hoofland's German Tonic. put up in quart bottles,
SI 60 per bottle, or half dozen for $7 50.
fj Do not forget to examine well tbe article
you buy, in order to get the genuine.
For sale hy A. I. SHAW, Agent, Clearfield Pa,
April 22, 1868-1 .
It '
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