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CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 11, 186-5.
VOL. 12 NO. 6.
OtRTH ANNUAL EXHIBITION
or TBB
CLIAEIIELD COUNTY AGEICULTU-
SAL SOCIETY.
Will be held on the Fair Grounds near the
Borough oUlearJield, Pa., on Tuesday,
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday,
the XUh, ldth, I9lh Jf 20tA of Oct.
President, HON Wit. BIGLER.
Executive CommiUe, Richard Shaw, jr.
O. D. Goodfelloir, Vim. A. Read,
Eli Bloom.
Treuuw, A. M. Hills- Secretary, L. F. Irwin.
EUII AST) REGULATIONS.
Fmil Tickets. : : : : : : $1 00
Single Ticket daring Fair, : : : 60
Single Admission Ticket, : : : : 25
Children onder 10 years old, when accompanied
by iueir parents or guardians, free.
Erery person wishing to be enrolled as a men
her of this Society must apply on or before the
first day of the fair, and on the payment of one
dollar to the Treasurer, shall receive a eertificate
ct membership containing the name of the ap
vYicant nd endorsed by the Secretary.
Eierj person becoming a member as above sta
ted thill, on the presentation of his certificate, re
ceive a ticket uhich will admit him free during
the fair. Any person complying with the above
reg uUtioM sud paying $10, shall become a life
member, and tbtll be exempt from all contribu
tions, and shall annually receive from the Secre
tary a free fcmiiy ticket.
All persons must be provided with tickets, which
an be bad from the Executive Committee Treas
urer ar Secretary, or at the office ou the ground
Perfens acting as judges are expected to become
mentors of the Society. Persons from other coun
ties can become members by complying with tho
aboTe rules. Ladiescan become members by ma
king application as above, and paying into the
Treasury fifty cents when they will receive a
ticftet to admit them free.
Exhibitors must become member of the Society
and hare their animals and nitroles entered on
the Secretary books on or before the 17th day of
October; and all animals and articles, except
horses, must be brought within the enclosure as
ear'y as Wednesday, at 12 o'clock M., and all
persons entering animals and articles for exhibi
tion will procure cards from the Secretary with
the class and number of entry of said articles,
previous to placing said article on the ground.
Hay and straw will be furnished gratis for all an
ioial4 entered for premiums, and grain will be
furnished at cost for those that desire to purchase.
Persons intending to exhibit blooded stock must
prodi-;e authentic pedigrees, and are earnestly
requested to furnish the Secretary, by the 10th of
October with a list of their stock, and the pedi
grees of each, this will facilitate the preparations
of entries and in case of deficient pedigree, will
afford the owner time to correct the same.
Xo horse bll b entA allowed a premi- .
uiu unless he is free from disease, n ..
received until Wednesday noon! but must he en
tered previously. All persons who intendto ex
hibit horses, cattle, sbecp or swine, or who intend
to offer stock or any other article for sale, should
notify the Secretary of such intention, on or before
the 10th of October, and hare with him a list and
full description of the same.
Premiums and diplomas will be paid on and af
ter the first Wednesday of November, and until the
1st day of January, ISrtO after which all money
premiums unclaimed will be considered as a dona
tion to tho Society The officers of the Society
and members of the Comioitties of Arrangements
will wear a badge designating their office, and it
will be their duty as well as pleasure to attend to
the expressed wishes and wants of exhibitors and
others, if it is in their power so to do A select
police force will be in constant attendance for the
preservation of order and protection of property
Checks will be given at the door to persons de
airii.g to pass out during exhibition, but will not
admit the holder to any other exhibition each
half day counting an exhibition.
The trottingcourse is level, well graded. and one
third of a mile in circuit. Ample arrangements
will be made for the convenience of speoiators.
The number of the class, and the number in the
class, nitlj the name of the article will appenr on
the card attached ; hut the name or the exhibitor
will not appear.
Children under ten years of age not admitted
unless accompanied by their parents.
Instructions to Judges. JNo animal to receive
an award in more than one class. .
Judges are expressly required not to award pre
miums to over-fed animals. No premiums are to
be awarded to bulls, cows or heiffers, which shall
appear to have been fattened, only in the class of
fat cattle, the object of the Society being to have
superior animals of this discription for breeding
Fat Cattle. The judges on fat cattle will give
particular attention to the animals submitted for
examination. It is believed all other things being
rqual those are the best cattle that have tho
freateat weight over the smallest superficies,
he judges will Tequire all in this class to be
weighed, and will take measures to give the su
perficies of each, and publish the result with
their reports. They will also, before awarding
any premiums, require of the competitors full
statements as to the manner and cost of feeding as
required by the regulations of the premium list.
n hen there is but oneexhibitor, although be may
show several animals in one class only one premi
um will be awarded, that to the first, or other
wise as the merits of the animal may be judged.
The superintendent will take every precaution
m his power, for the safety of stock and articles
on exhibition after their arrival, and arrange
ment on the grounds, but will not be responsible
for any loss or damage that may occur. ,The
fcwiety desires exhibitors to give personal atten
tion to their animals and articles and at the close
of the fair to attend to their removal as the Soci
ety canaot take further care of them.
Rules op PLOw-isa The name of the plowman
must be given as well as the kind of pi ow to be
osed. at the time of entry.
The quantity of ground to be plowed by each
team to he J acre.
The time allowed to do the work will he three
T?r!' furrow slice in all cases to be lapped.
I be teams to start at the same time and each plow
inn to do his work without a driver or other as
sistance.. - -
The premiums offered by the Society will bo a
warded to the individuals, -who, in the judgment
of the committee shall do their work in the best
manner, provided the work is aone in the time
allowed for its performance.
Each plowman to strike his own land, and plow
entirely independent of the adjoiningtand. With
in the one-fourth of an acre plowed,each plowman
be reluire1 1( strike two back furro weil lands
nd finish with the dead furrow in the middle.
Any information required in regard to matters
ol the Society canb e gained by addressing the Ex
ecutive Committee or the Secretary, who will be
pleased to give any information in their power
at any time. .
Any article not enumerated in the above elass-
and placed upon exhibition, if worthy of no-
-n, Wr 1 suitblJ rewarded. . ;
1 ne ExecutiveCommittee reserve a disoretionary
V ,ward diplomas in any ease for 2d best
frticlei. or for articles not entitled to premiums
J the rules.
A1.1 rticles may be entered free of charge, ex
eepting horses for pleasure, and for the trottinz
premiums.
T EATIIEK an assoitmnt-rforsaJe by .
t, MliRRELL A BIGLER"
fceeeaber H, 186. Clearfield
Select gflctrjj.
HOME AND EBIENDS.
Oh ! there's a power to make each hour
t As sweet as Heaven designed it ;
Nor need we roam to bring it home,
Though few there be that find it.
We seek too high for things close by,
And lose what nature gave ns ;
For life hath here no charms so dear
As home and friends around us.
We oft destroy the present joy
For future hopes and praise them ;
Whilst flowers as sweet bloom at our feet,
If we'd but stoop to raise them !
For things afar still sweeter are
When youth's bright spell hath bound ns ;
But soon we're taught that earth has naught
Like home and friends around ns.
Tho friends that speed in time of need,
When hope's last reed is shaken.
Do show us still that come what will,
WTe are not quite forsaken.
Though all were night, if but the light
From friendship's alter crowned us.
'Twould prove the bliss of earth was this
Our home and friends around us.
THE ANTI-SLAVERY REVOLUTION.
From the Baltimore American.
Freedom has gained tho day, but will she
keep jxissession of the field? This question
is being aked with anxious brow by many
who have aided in her triumph. They re
membered the death struggle of her great
enemy and fear that the snake of Slavery is
only scotched, not killed. It is true that
while the mental type remains of those who
I fanatically proclaimed Slavery a divine in
stitution, and the most secure ibuudatiou
for a political and social structure, the prin
ciple of Slavery still lives. This mental
type may be found in the North as well as
in the South, in the constitutional uionar.hy,
in the Empire and in the despotism as well
j as in tne ivepublic. It manifested itself a
mongst the supporters of aristocratic govern
merit everywhere towards thoe who were
trying to overthrow democratic institution:-'
j in America. Every species of oppression is
allied with every species of oppression, and
finds its own justification in the apparent
, necessity of its existence demonstrated by
me race oi us existanee elsewhere. And it
is because there is some logic in this plea
that we may rest secure in" the conviction
that the institution of Slavery cannot be re
vived in the United States, Tho, Rvt,
i ntui'Ci ifais us auciiipteci re-estuulish-
ment by another revolution. "The history
of the world has established as an axoniatic
truth that ' 'Revolutions never go backward. ' '
The first election of Abraham Lincoln was
the culminating point of anti Slavery revo
lution in the Lnited States. It was a mor
al revolution, accomplished through the a
gency of political machinery established by
law. It was a popular reversal of the lhed
Scott decision, and meant that if that dacis
ion was lute, the people, who constitute the
soverign powers of the Republic and make
or unmake laws, intended to so alicr the law
as to reverse the Dred Scott decision.
Sir James Macintosh got great credit for
discovering the philosophical truth that
''constitutions are not made, but grow."
In his day belief in legislation and the om
nipotent power of government was greater
than ours. Everything was explained in
the hypothesis of manufacture, and society
was regarded as the creature of the govern
ment instead of the government being the
servant of society. It is now held that the
chief duty of government is to protect soci
ety that the government which governs
least, and leaves the people most free to ex
ercise their talents and business likings,
without unnecessary restraint or interference,
is the best government. What are called
"rrfornis" are the repeal of restraint? vpon
individual action. It was at one time the
fashion to legislate upon all subjects, and
we are sorry to say the fashion still prevails
to an alarming extent. British legislation,
being for the benefit of the ruling class, has
given us examples of every species of inter
ferance with individual rights. It is only
by suppressing the right of the many that
the privileges of the few can be maintained.
Xprtcuege necessarily involves the suppres
sion of a right. In our country the conflict
between rights and privileges which termina
ted our Briti-h connection in 1776, and
gave to the world a chart of Universal Free
dom in the 1 )eclaration of Independence,
still kept on amongst ourselves, subject to
the pendulum-like swing of public opinion
and the temporary asoendencj' of local and
sectional influence. The history of the U
nited States is imprinted on every page with
the footsteps of its progress. Peace and
principles Ions struggled for the mastery
At last principle got so far the better of
mere peace tor peace s sake as to declare
itself in electinc Abraham Lincoln Pres
ident He had explained the tendency of
events,. and demonstrated to the people
that by the very nature of the laws which
govei n man's mind there was an "irrepres
sible conjlir.t'. between Slavery and freedom.
In 1858 Mr. Lincoln said: "In myopinion,
it (the anti-Slavery agitation) will not cease
until a crixis nhall have been reached and
jxissed. A house divided against itself can
not stand. I believe, this Government can
not permanently endure half slave and half
free. I do not expect the Union to be dis
solved. I do not expect the house to fa'l,
but. I do expect that it will cea3 to be di
vided. It will become all one thing or the
other. . Either the opponent of Slavery
will arrest the further spread of it, and
place it where the public mind shall rest in
the belief that it is in the course of ultimate
extinction, or its advocates will push it for
ward until it shall become alike lawful in all
the States, old as , well as . new, North as
well as South." .
It was this conviction that forced the
people of the country at last to meet the is
sue. They met it by moral force. The
preponderant sentiment of the country was
against Slavery, and it expressed itself ac
cording to legal forms against it. 1 bat ex
pression was regarded by the friends of
oiavery as tne aeath-knell of the institution,
auu ic was its ueath-knelL It was a true
indication of the advance of public opinion
to a position where it was willing to take
risks in support of a principle. Hitherto
public opinion had been passive now it be
came active. The threats of dissolution had
formerly awed it into submission to the be
hests of Slavery. Lincoln's election proved
that the constitution of Northern society
had grown to that point, which made all
further demands of Slavery futile. Hence,
the rebellion. The triumph of anti-Slavery
opinion was the real revolution, but it was
a moral and constitutional revolution. The
rebellion was a rebellion against the revolu
tion, the last desperate struggle of freedom's
antagonist to maintain its ground against
public opinion which was overwhelming it.
As almost always happens, the enemies of
progress, in taking up arms to prevent it,
only precipitated a result which but for
their suicidal madness inisrht have been
postponed for many years. The abo ition
of slavery, which under the nuiefc nnpr.if.inn i
of law reforms was only a very remote prob
ability, became a fixed fact by the act of the
war. War makes a people run through its
phase of existence fast. The -American
people are no exception to the general rule
in this respect. The abolition of Slavery
was a necessary step in our National pro
gress. Die friends of the institution pre
cipitated that step by rebellion, and made a
Diooay stride accomplish what a thousand
pt-acvtsl ones would not have done. We
have, however, not merely shaken off the
de-ad weight that clogged our movement as
a -Nation, lhe masses of the people North
and South have been converted from inert
ness into a living force. Ther have b.-en
siirred up out of their immobility and made
tne active agents of a mighty power. Can
any one suppose they do not feel this
Does r:y one believe that the South is here
after to be cursed with the presence of an
ignorant, quiescent and lazy mass of poor
whites? Necessarily they have felt their
importance nn c i t.n:..
. . . . . jumi ui iu; iuuuuhju.
A held partially oj ened to them by war, is
t mown open still more widely by the con
summation of peace on the anti-Slavery
basis. The labor market. onw a mnnmw-MV.
. . -j - - t
s tree lor the competition of energy and en
terprise. An unrestrained career is openc--'
tl?y.I-v ?2ltJenlllu-r ami progressive, although
may be the immediate .aspect of the rela
tions of the races, there is an intellectual
aw which governs men's actions as fixed as
the law of gravitation, ihe principle of
iberty is an abs'.ract principle, and compels
a consistent maintenance fbr its own- nreser-
ation. It is certain to revenge itself upon
anv man wno departs irom it Dy involving
his own rights.
It follows then that Slavery being dead,
the monopoly of labor which made it proCt-!
able being broken up ; the political power
rVinging from that monopoly being destroy
ed ; the people formerly subjected to its po-
ltical sway being emancipated and the em
bargo against emigration into its section re
moved ; that the great moral revolution
which only preponderated in a section will
substantiate itself as national, and progress
amongst a homogeneous people towards the
achievement of its logical sequences.
Alabama has fulloweu Mississippi and
other Southern States in declaring the Se
cession ordinance null and void and in abol-
very. We do not see any great.
merit in this, inasmuch as Alabama was
compelled to do it. And we freely confess
that the sentiments uttered by some ot the
members ot the convention m their remarks
upon the act abolishing Slavery are anything
but encouraging a! evidences or the exist
ence of a real anti-Slavery sentiment. - We
fear that there is still treachery enough left
in the hearts of the old political hunkers
that have grown fat upon the carcass of
Slavery to be willing to revive it if such a
thing were possible : history has warnings
which even they must heed. While we are
pretty . certain that the remembrance of
Sherman's raid and Lee's surrender will
have a wholesome effect upon present sur
vivors, we are equally as sure that free prin
ciples arill so vindicate themselves in the ad-
vancement of the material prosperity ana
moral greatness of the South that we may
safely leave their support to tho sons of
the soil that follows these survivors.
BeACTTFITL AXdTrue. In a fate article in
Frazer's Magazine, this brief, beautiful pas
sage occurs : "Education does not cora-
mrnn. with the Alithabet. It besrinswitha
mother's look with a father's smile of ap
probation, or sign of reproof with a sisters
gentle pressure ot the hand, or a brother's
noble act of forbearance with a handful of
beautiful flowers in green and daisy : mead
ows with bird s nests admured but not
touched with creeping ants, and almost im
perceptible insects with humming bee sand
glass bee-hivesr-with pleasant walks in sha
dy lanes, and with thoughts , direotca in
sweet and kindly tones, and words to mature
to act3 ot benevolence, to deeds ot virtue, to
the source of all good to God himself. ,
"Oh. mother ! do send for the doctor!"
said a little boy of three years. "What for,'
mv dear ?" -"Why. there's a irentleman
in the parlor who says he'll die if Jane don't
marry him and J ano says she won t.
fin Loarinrr t.Vlrt Rontr pntillod " The dear-
ost. crwir. nn pnrt)i is hnmft. " . - Henrv remark
ed that he found his home so dear that he
was going to break up housekeeping and go
to boarding. ': ' - ;
fTl. ,. . .1 . 1 .nnilnff fP fi Tl PI1-
X LIU lilUCa KL DU1U1L1 u;ujiug vnAv v
gagement, and those of. a young woman go
ing into one are yuwucieu. - - -- -
When can a donkey be 'spelt with' one let
r! when it's U. Nothing personal meant.
When is a boat like a heap of snow?
itu,.i- : : j;p.
w
DECISION OF THE CHESHIEE CASE.
From theN. Y. Times. ,
11 there were any expectations that the
tviltffts orpus proceedings in the case of
uanes Cheshire before the Supreme Court
in ivings bounty, would result in a conflict
of authority between the Courts of the
otatc and the Government of the United
States, those expectations were brought to
nothing by the decision of the casc.by Judge
Lotton Saturday last. The position of the
matter was this : Cheshire, who was one of
tne supervisors ot Kings County and a mem
Der ot the .hnrolling Board, was tried before
a court- Jiartial and convicted of receiving
money improperly in connection with his jo
sition, and was sentenced to be fined and im
prisoned.
lhe Secretary of. War designated the
l emtentiary at Albany as his place of iin
t x -i . i . l . .
iiiinuumeiii, auu tnitner unesnire was car
ried. A habeas coriitts was kh) rmt i?i Vile
nenair before Jude-o l,ntr dirrr-tl tn f"r.i,t
- ,
Pillsbury, the Warden of the Prison, order
ing mm to produce Cheshire tmrnra thf
Court in Brooklyn, that the cause of his im
prisonment might be inquired into.
On tho day named in the writ, Capt.
Pillsbury was present in court but did not
produce Cheshire. On the contrary he
made return to the writ that although Ches
hire was in his custody, under the sentence
of the court-martial, which sentence was set
forth and the jurisdiction of .the court-mar-tia!
averred, yet since he left Albany he had
heared by telegraph that the prisoner had
been,' by order of the President, transferred
from his custody to that of another officer,
and that he could not therefore produce him
ia court.
Upon this return a motion was made for
an attachment against Pillsbury for con
tempt of court, in not producing his prison
er in court, as directed by the writ. And it
was very confidently expected that Judge
Lott would, in his decision, take very higii
ground, and would stand forth as the defend
er of State rights and the rights of the citi
zen, against what was claimed to be an out
rageous assault upon bothby tho Federal Go
vernuusnt. JudgeLott's soiuewhatin temper
ate language upon the hearing as to an ap
parent distrust of the State courts by the
United States Government, and as to the
possible advantages of dissolving the gov
ernment, if such were to be the state of
vtiPJti ST-CjcilcuilafiHl to lend tmnntenanra
But a sober second thought, and a careful
examination of the arguments and author
ities of Mr.Silliman, the United States Uis
rict Attorney, who represented the case for
the government, apparently brought him to
a different way of looking at .the subject ; for
on Saturday, after having held the subject
under consideration flr some weeks, he an
nounced that he had decided to deny the
motion for the attachment and to discharge
the writ of Itabeas corpus.
It is no doubt true that since the hearing
tho Democraey of this State have declared
themselves the only true and staunch sup
porters of President Johnson, and that it
would not have looked very well for a Dem
ocratic Judge, so soon after that declarat ion
w.ts made, to have undertaken to punish an
officer for contempt of court, because he had
obeyed a direction given .by the President.
But se need not go so far as that to Slid
reason for the Judge's yielding his assent to
the legal positions taken on behalf of the gov
ernment before him. They were indeed, so
strong that a contrar3T decision would have
indicated a disregard of the authority of de
cided cases and settled principles, which could
hardly spring from anythisg short of most
virulent partizandiip. ;' ,
Among' the arguments urged in behalf of
the government it was said that as.thcro was
no traverse of the return, the facts set forth
in it must be taken to be true, a position
which could hardly be controverted. And
inasmuch as that return set forth the decis
ion of the court-martial - and alleged that
Cheshire was amenable :6 its jurisdiction, the
ppplicant could not be heard now to allege
or argue that he was not subject to that ju
risdiction and this position also seems to be
irrefragible. Then again the Supreme
Court of the United States decided in the
case of Booth, who as will 1 e recollected was
ordered to be discharged on habeas cor
pus by the Supreme Court of Wisconsin,
that an officer who holds a prisoner by au
thority of a court of the United States must
not produce him before a State court when
called npon by a habeas, corpus, but must
simply return that he lipids the prisoner by
virtue of such United States authority,and
that thereupon it becomes the duty of . the
State court to discharge the writ and go no
further in the matter. . And accordingly it
was urged, that as Pillsbury had acted in
strict conformity to this decision of the Su
preme Court, by' returning that the prison
er was in his custody bv virtue of the decis
ion of the court martialjwhich was none the
less a court of. the United States because t it
was a court-martial, this .court instead of
Eunishing him for -contempt of court, was
ound to take the same view of the case as
he. did, and to'take no further proceedings
in the matter.,.; . - . - " ;
These arguments alone would seem to ba
conclusive. But there was another equally
so, in the suspension of the writ of habeas
corpus in all such cases by President Lin
coln "as long as the rebellion shall contin
ue. It was urged in opposition to this ar
gument that the rebellion does not still "con
tinue,", but as we all know, is at an end.and
therefore the time fixed when . the suspen
sion of the writ of liabeascopus should cease,
has arrived.'; But "no," said the council for
the government,"this suspension must con
tinue until the same jower which declared
the rebellion to exist, viz.; the, Executive,
shall declare that it no longer continues. It
cannot be that such a question as that can
be.allowed to depend upon the decision of a
court or jury, whether as matter of ; fact the
rebellion has ceased. : It is. a political ques
tion, and the courts are bound to adopt that
view of it which the government adopts.
And till the government shall declare that
the rebellion no longer continues, the courts
must treat the habeas corpus as suspended
in the cases provided. This view of
1 1 t i t -r
i ue case was aiso adopted by Judge JjOtt
in the verbal announcement of this deci
sion. We hope the J udge will find time to write
out his opinion. There are those in this
State, and elsewhere, who need yet to be en
lightened on the respective duties of the
State and Federal niirt and hn nnoA !
so, to be instructed that, politically, the re
bellion still continues, and will do .so until
the restoration of peace and order and the
forms of law and frnvemtnenr. line en far rm-
jrresscd that the President, shall feel himself
justified in announcing that we have again
returned to tne normal condition ot things.
Till then the courts.aswell as the government,
must act as befits the existing state nf af
fairs.
The Indian Expedition.
Fort Laramie, Oct. 1. General Conner
returned cn Saturday from the Powder-riv
er Indian expedition. His columns will be
here in six days, lhe results of the cam
paign were four pitched battles with the
Cheyennes, Sioux, and Arrapahoes, with a
loss on our side of Captain Cole, of the 6th
3Iichigan, and twenty-four men killed and
two wounded, and an Indian loss of f'oui
hundred to five hundred killed, and a l.ire
number wounded ; the entire destruction cf
the village of the Arrapahoes, and the cap
ture of five hundred head of horses and
mules.
The Arrapahoes acknowledge the loss of
sixty-eight of their braves in one battle, and
are now coming in to make peace. It is
thought, however, that the Sioux and Che
yennes are not half whipped. Not less than
tnteen hundred men should be stationed at
Fort Conner, and the camnaiim continued
during the winter. The citizens fear that the
Sioux and Cheyennes will come back ou the
road and interfere with the mails and tele-
aph. The expedition was carried cut un
;rthe most embarrassing circumstances. :
Not a pound of the stores intended for the
expedition arrived in time -for use. The
troops were mutinous, and claimed their
discharge because the rebellion has ceased,
and regiments were mustered out almost as
soon as they arrived on the plains.
A Temperance ijtory.
Deacon Johnson id a great temperance
man, and sets a good example of total absti
nence, as far as he is seen. Not long ago
he employed a carpenter to make some al
terations in his parlor,andUn repairing the
corner near the fire place, it was found ne
cessary to remove the wainscotting, when
lo ! a discovery was made that astonished
everybody. A brace of decanters, a turn- J
bier, and a pitcher were cosily reposing
there, as if they had stood there from the
beginning. The deacon was summoned,
and as he beheld the blushing bottle", h.2
exclaimed :
"Wal, I declare that's curious, sure e
nough. It must be that eld Baines left
them there when he went out of this ere
house thirty years ago. ' '
"Perhaps he did," returned the carpen
ter, "but, Deacon, the ice in the pitcher
must have been friz mighty hard to stay so
till this time." - -
To ReviveFadep Black Cloths. Boil .
two or three ounces of logwood in vinegar,
and when the color is extracted drop in a
piece of carbonate of iron, which is of the
same nature as rust of iron, as laige as a
chestnut, let it boil. Have the coat or pan
taloons weil sponged with soap and hot wa
ter, laying them n a table and brushing
the nap down with a sponge.
Then take the dye on the table and sponge
them all over with the dy j, taking care to
keep them smooth and brush downward.
When completely wet with dye, dissolve a
teaspoonfull of salaratus in warm water,
and sponge all over with this, and it sets the
color so completely that nothing rubs off.
They must not be wrung or wrinkled, but
carefully hung up to drain. The brownest
cloth may be made a perfect black in this
simple manner. 1
. . Good Idea. The Secretary of the Navy
has caused to be prepared a handsome cop-por-plate
document as discharge paper for
all volunteer naval officers honorably dis
charged. - A finely executed engraving, rep
resenting a steam frigate,, a monitor and
sailing vessels, ornaments the heading;
whilst the body of the paper sets forth that
the war for the preservation of the Union
having, under the benificent guidance of Al
mighty God, been brought to a successful
termination, a reduction of the navsl forces
becomes necessary; and, having served faith
fully in the navy, he is hereby honorably
discharged, with the thanks of the pa,rt
ment Each is signed by Secretary vv ells.
It forms a beautiful ornament for framing,
and will doubtless be highly appreciated by
the gallant officers who have faithfully served
their country. - -
" " ToKlLLCoCKROACHES,ATS,i&C. Equal
parts of dry red lead and sugar, well mixed,
is given as a pertain and sure- exterminator
of cock roac nes, uiuck ana reu ams, auu uiu
er pests. As every household is more or
less plagued wit h these vermin, this receipt,
so easily provided, .should be .'tried. The
pimple mixture should be put in places : in
fested by then?., Care should be observed in
the use of it, as tho lead is poisonous. .
1 'A man who'll maliciously set fire to a
barn," said Mr. Slow, "and burn up twenty
cows, ought to be kicked to death" by a
jackass, and I'd like to do it." - blow is
very severe sometimes. ;-
Men slip on water when it is frozen, and
on whiskey wbe.p. it isn't.
STATE AND NATION.
A great many well-meaning gentlemen in
the unorgaized States are writing letters and
making speeches to prove that those who
took part in the rebellion honestly believed
that the single States of this Union are sov
ereign, and that therefore they did deliberate
ly and wickedly violate their obligations to
the Union. It was, they contended, the uni
versal Southern theory of our Government.
So far as the present generation is concern
ed we believe t hat these gentlemen are cor
rect, and that is the verry difficulty. It is
undoubtedly true that Washington and
Marshal, and many other of the noblest
Americans of the last century, who lived in
the Southern States, were as truly persua
ded of the enormity and peril of the doctrine
of State sovereignty as the stanchest loyal
men of to-day throughout the country. But
Calhoun, and not Washington, has been
the modern political prophet in those States.
An intelligent noted rebel officer, who was
never north of the Mason and Dixon's fine
until he was brought as a prisoner, told us
he had no more doubt of the right of a State
to secede than he had of his right to eat din
ner, and that the proclamation of Pres
ident Lincoln calling for seventy-five thou
sand men to compel obedience to the author
ity of the United States seemed to him as
incredible and monstrous as a summons from
Lor is Napoleon to enforce the authority
of France in this country. And this.he said.
was nie universal conviction ol his neighbor
hood in the Southwest.
That there were some who held to the par
amount National soveieiiriitv is doubtless
true. But they were not an imoosiuff num
ber is plain from the absence of any vigorous
protest against the rebellion. It is no an
swer to say ten or silenced them ; that Union
men were watched, and not suffered to as
semble nor to vote. If the Union men had
been a power! u! body they would have as
sembled and voted and resisted. Could the
Copperheads have dragooned the Northern
States ? Certainly not; for the whole moral
force and vast majority of the population
were loyal. The rebels did dragoon and si
lence the Southern loyal States, because the
vast weight of opinion as well as actual
numbers of the v he population were with
them.
That population, as every well-informed
man knows, had been long and systematical
ly alienated from the Union. They were
a:cder 11. Stephens was called a Union
man. So he was, as long as he thought his
section could control the Union to its own
sectional purposes. It was a Union subor
dinate to State sovereignty which he sup
ported. It was a Union whose Government
had no right to enforce its authority against
any citizen of the United States, if the State
in which he lived released him from his alle
giance. It was this universal conviction
alone that enabled the rebellion to endure
so long and so desperately.
Has the war changed this view? Do ihe
people of the disaffected States hold any oth
er theory of the Union ? It is a real Union
that we reorganize if they do not ? II we sin
cere 'y wish a solid and true reorganization
shall wc not seek to found it upon all those
of the Southern population who reject this
theory? Can we wisely discard an entire na
tive clars, in smie States more than half the
population, who have been always faithful
to the national supremacy, and trust the wel
fare of the country entirely to those who, for
any reason whatever, are willing to take an
oath? Mr. . Herschell V. Johnson, of
Georgia, for instance, has taken theoath of
allegiauce, and has been pardoued. Yet . his
loud assertions of his old, unchanged senti
ments in Washington, since hip oath, were
so offensive that a" loyal citizen silenced him
with a threat of personal castigation if he
did r.ot stop. Mr. JOHNSON is doubtless a
fai : illustration of men who take the oath with
out any change of heart. Is he the kind of;
Representative or Senatnr from -Georgia that
it is desirable to see in Congress ? If lie, and
such as he, are intrusted by the loyal citizens
of the United States, who are soon to decide
the qustion. with the entire local govern
ment of the State of Georcia.to the absolute
exclusion of the unswervingly loyal part of
the State population whom Mr. Johnson
and his friends could neither cajole nor frigh
ten iiito rebellion, do we not show a subser
vience to the doctrine of State power which
is as dangerous as it is absurd? ;
Every loyal citizen of the United - States
has rights in the State of Georgia which he
is a very foolish man if he surrenders un
conditional to Mr. Herschell V. JonssoN
and his friends. Harpers Weekly.,..-.
The Credit System.' A beautiful girl
stepped into a shop to buy a pair of mitts.
"How much are they?" ' v - l-
"Whf," said the gallant but imprudent
clerk, lost in gazing upon her sparkling eyes
and ruby lips, 'you shall have them for a
kiss." .. .- .
- "Agreed,"sid the young lady, pocketing
the m jtts, wftile her eyes spoke daggers,
"and as I see you give credit here, eharge it
on your books, and collect it the best way
you can!" So saying she hastily tripped
out. ' -
-A man in getting out of an omnibus, a
few days since, made use of two rows of
knees ' as - banisters to steady . himself, 'at
which the ladies took offense, and one cried
aloud, "He is a perfect savage!" "True,"
said a wag. inside, "he belongs to the Paw-;
knee tribe." . - . r ,
"Mr. Smith," said a little fellow . the
other evening to his sister's beau," "I wish "
you wouldn't praise our Ann Maria's eyes
any more. You've made her so proud now,
that she won't speak to cousin Laura, nor '
help mother the least bit." ' . ;"
Twenty-five planters are said to be under
arrest at Vicksburg, all charged witheither
maltreating or killing their former slaves.
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