by s. r now..
CLEAEFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, MAECH 1, 1865.
VOL. 11.-NO. 26.
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TERMS OF TOE JOURNAL.
The Raftsmas's Journal is published on Wed
nesday at S2,00 per annum in advance. Adveii
tisKMK'iTS inserted at $1.50 per square, for three
or lew insertions Ten lines (or less) counting ft
rware For every additional insertion 50 cents.
A deduction will be made to yearly advertisers.
1RVIN BROTHERS. Dealers in Square A Sawed
Lumber. Dry GodSa, Groceries, Flour, Grain,
40 , Ac., Burniido Pa., Sept. 23, 1863.
I" FREDERICK LEITZIXGER. Manufacturer, of
,11 kinds of Stone-ware, Clearfield, Pa. Or
ders solicited wholesale or retail. Jan. 1, !Sfi3
c
KAXS A BARRETT, Attorneys nt Law. Clear-
field, fa.
i oras. :::::: Walter babuett..
ROBERT J. WALLACE. Attorney at Law. Clear
field, Pa Offije in Shaw's new row. Market
treet. opposite Naugle's Jewelry store. May2o.
T I F. NAUGLK, Watch and Clock Maker, and
J , dealer in Watches, Jewelry, &o. Room in
Gruham's row, Market street. Nov 10-
H- BUCHEU MVOOrE. Atrbrncyat Law. Clear
field. Pa. Offict inGraham's Row, fourdoo s
wcst'of Graham 4 Boynton's store. Nov. 10.
ARTSWICK A HUSTON, Dealers in Drugs,
Medicines. Paints, Oils. Stationary, Perfume
ry, Fanoy Goods. Notions, etc., etc., Market street,
Clearfield, Pa. ' June, 20,-lSGl.
J.
P. KRATZEU, dealer in Dry Goo.U Ci.uu-
llnflnrni-o O .1 r .Mi U w Ar. G TOCC T ICS. PrO -
TUi'ons'Sc". Front Street, above the Academy,
ClearuelH, t'a.
"TILLIAM F. UiWrX.MarUctstrcet, Clearfield,
V Pa., Dealer in Foreign and Domestic Mer
chandise, Hardware, Queonsware, Groceries, and
lamily articles generally. ,,.0Y"
TOHNGI ELICH. Manufacturer of all kind! of
Cabinet-ware, Market street, Clearfield, Pa
lie alfio makes to order Coffins, on short notice, and
attends funerals with a hearse. Aprlfl. 5'J. .
DK M. WOODS, P!iacticin Physician, and
Examining Surgeon for Pensions.
Cilice South-west oorner of Second and Cherry
fctreet, Clearfield, Pa. January 21, 1S'J3.
fnUOMAS J.M'CULLOUGH, Attorney at Law.
JL Clearfield, Pa. Office, east of the -Clearhcld
co. Lank. Deeds and other legal instruments pre
pared with promptness and accuracy. July 3-
T B M'EN ALLY, Attorncyat Law, Clearfield,
If t) P- Practices in Ulearaeia anu aujoiumjj
I I counties. Ofilce in new brick building of . I. Loyn-
I ! ton, 2d street, 6ne door south of Lanich s Hotel.
1 I iriiiitn Mfieni' Ii.oIpp in Knrci?n and Do-
IV mestio rv Goods, Groceries, Flour, Ucon,
Liquors. Ac. Room, on Market street, a few doors
nest of Journil OJice, Clearfield, Pa. Apr27.
1ARRIMER A TEST, Attorneys at Law.CIear
J field. Pa. Will attend promptly to all legal
and other business entrusted to their care in Clear
field and adjoining counties. August 6. 13j8.
"ll rjl. ALBERT A BRO S, Dealers in Dry Goods,
Y Groceries, Hardware, Queensware, Flour,
Bacon, efo., Woodl.in-I, Clearfield county. Pen a.
Also, extensive dealers in all kinds of saived lum
ber, shingles, and square timber. Orders sol ici
tJ. Woodland, Aug. 10th, !So3.
7VHW WATCH & J ewelry stoue
1 1 The undersigned having located in the bor
ough of Clearfield, (at the shop formerly occupied
by 'R Weloh as a jewelry shop.) is prepared tc
do work of all kinds on the most reasonable terms
The cash will positively be expected when the
work is delivered. He is confident that he can
not be excelled by any workmen in to wn orcounty.
Com one! corns atl totkeSisw oftheMf Watch.
April 9,"62-ly-pd. S. H. LAUCHLIN.
flAE.MPEKANCE JIOt'SE. The subscriber
Jl would respectfully inform the citizens of
Clearfield county, that he has rented the '-Tipton
Hotel." and will use every endeavor to accommo
date those who may favor him with their eustoru.
lie wiil try to furnish the table with the best the
euuntry can afford, and will keep hay and feed to
accommodate teamsters. Gentlemen don't to-get
the -Tipton Hotel." - SAMUEL SMITH.
Tipton. Pa , May 25, 1SS1.
Vl'CTlO.NEER. The undersigned having
been Licensed an'Auctioneer, would inform
the citizens of Clearfield county that he will at
tend to calling sales, in any part of the county,
whenever called upon. Charges moderate
Address, JOHN M QL'ILKIN.
May 13 Bower Po., Clearfield co., Pa.
N. B. Persons calling sales without a proper li
cense are subject to a penalty of St50, which pro
vision will be enforced against those who may vi
olate the same.
rpo W OOL GROWERS.-Notice is hereby
A given to those persons who have been trading
wool to John II. Xewpher, dee'd, for goods, that
fail .Newpher was doing business lor me unaer
igncd. and that all contracts made by him will
1 punctually filled. Such persona as have re
ceived goods and were to pay for the same in
wool next spring, are notified that the "wool will
fce taken as per contract and tho?e who are
!nut to leave the county are requested to come
iiil settle their accounts without further delay.
K;-.lier myself or another agent will be around
in the bpring, to secure payment on former con
trnirs. and inako new ones.' M. O. STIRK.
New Millport. Jan 11, 1365 pd
BANKJNOTICE.
TRF4SITRV DEPARTMENT.
P'FirEoyTnE Comptroller op toe Cperf.scy
WnvfiTOM. .Innruarv 30th. 1335.
WUKKEAS, BY SATISFACTORY EVIDENCE
T presented to the undersigned, it has been
ttale to appear that "THE FIRST NATIONAL
JjA.NK F CLEARFIELD," in the Borough of
Citarlield. in the county of Clearfield, and State
f J'eunsylvania, has ben duly organized under
tl according to the requirements of the Act of
J;t5rc. entitled "An Act to provide a National
Currency, secured bv pledge of United States
an i io prowio tor trie circuimwu uu ,c
mptiun thereof.
uf." approved June 3d, 1SG4. and
ilh all the provisions of said Act
1 complied
J? 'he Borough of Clearfield, in the county of
'cariield, and State of Pennsylvania, is author
to commence the business of Banking under
aci atoresaid. . -
In testimony whereof, witness
my
SEAL .hand and eal of office, this 30th day of
January, A. D. 1S65.
HUGH McCULLOCH,
Comptroller of the Currency.
8, 1S65,
SAlT ! SALT !! SALT !!! A prime arti
?ele of ground alum salt, put up in patent
at $3.25 per scox. a tb cheap cash store of
w sc. i. iiossop. ;
"quired to be comnlicd with before commencing
u business of Bai.king under said Act ;
-W. therefore, I, Hugh McCulloch, Comptrol-
of the Currency, do hereby certify that -THE
flsT NATION r. iiavIv OP Pf.K RFIELD."
jKaftsman'si journal
CLEARFIELD, VA., MARCII..1, 1365.
"WHAT IS THEOKBOE DOCTRINE?
Everv intellio-ent icrsou has some definite
idea &a to the often mouthed Monroe Doc
trine ; at least that it originated with Presi
dent Monroe, and mean.-i that this hemis
phere is sacred to Republicanism. We
might go into an analysis of its origin, and
quote from Washington to fchow that the
doctrine vra3 shadowed out at the very birth
of this Republic, but just now, in response
to u request, we propose to show when and
whcrcMr. Monroe uttered t lie words winch,
according to the popular well accepted be
lief, embrace the ''Monroe Doctrine." Those
who have investigated for themselves will be
astonished to see from how brief an utter
ance sprang a subject upon which more tomes
have been penned, and more stump speech
es made, thau upon, perhaps, any other of
our peculiar American notions.
Russia, Austria, Prussia and France over
threw Napolean Bonaparte, and established
the "Holy Alliance" to manage things gen
erally in Europe, and took it into their heads
to subvert the yonng American Republics of
Spanish origin, and convert them into mon
archies. With reference to this state of
things, President Monroe, in his message ot
December 2d, 1823, held this language,
whence sprang the celebrated Monroe Doc
trine :
"We owe it, therefore, to candor, and to
the amicable relations existing between the
United States and those powers, to declare
that we should consider any attempt on their
part to extend their system to any portion
of this hemisphere, as dangerous to ouT
peace and safety. With the existing colo
nies or dependencies of any European pow
er, we have not interfered, and shall not in
terfere. Rut, with the governments who
have declared their independence, and main
tained it, and whose independence we have,
in great consideration, and on just principle,
acknowledged, we could not view an inter
position for the purpose of opposing them,
nr Tnrvii!i:n.- in anv other manner, their
recstiny, by any European power, in any o-
tiier light than as a mamiestaiion 01 an un
friendly disposition towards the United
States. In the war between these new Gov
ernments and Spain, we declared our neu
trality at the time of their recognition, and
to this we. have adhered, and shall continue
to adhere, provided no change occurs, which,
in the judgement of the competent authori
ties of this Government, shall make a cor
responding change on the part of the United
Suites, indispensable to their security."
In.speakiug of this extract Mr. Benton,
in his Abridgment of the debate in Congress,
says the Monroe Doctrine has been "greatly
misunderstood." He adds:
It has been generally regarded as promis
ing a sort of political protection, or guar
dianship to the two Americas the United
States to stand guard over the New World,,
and repulse all intrusive colonists from it
shores. Nothing could be more erroneous,
or more at war with our established princi
ples of non-interference with other nations.
The declaration itself did not impart any
such high mission and responsible attitude
for the United States; it went no further
than to declare, that any European interfer
ence to control the destiny of the new Amer
ican Stares, would be considered as a mani
festation of an unfriendly spirit towawbj the
United States. ..........
Mi- Ailnnw (Mnnrni'si snncpssor has ST1V-
en the exact and whole extent of what was
intended by the declaration. It was simply
tr octoLlwh a union nt KontimenC on this
point among all the States of the two A'mcr
lonvinir p.ic.h St;it to eiiard its territo-
ries by its own means without any obligation
on the part of the United States to engage
in their defence.
It was in tha year 1S26, when Mr. Adams
had become President, and had instituted
the misrson to the Uongress ot the opamsn
American States on the Isthmus of Panama,
that he gave this authoritative exposition
of the scope and extent of the Monroe Doc
trine. . One of the subjects which the Uni
ted States ministers to that Congress were
charged was to prevail on them to adopt
this doctrine as a cardinal point in their pol
icy ; and in presenting this subject to them
it'was natural and right that he should let
them know precisely to what they engaged
themselves, and what they were, and were
not to expect from the United States, in the
event of adopting it. This very proper in
formation was communicated inliese words :
"An agreement between all the parties
"represented at the meeting, that each will
"ffifard by its own means, againstthe estab
lishment of any future European colony
"within its borders, may be found advisable.
"This was,, more than two years since, an
nounced by my predecessor to the world,
"as a principle resulting from the emanci
pation of both American continents. It
"may be so developed to the now Southern
"that they may feel it as an essential appen
"dasre to their independence."
These (says. 3Ir. Benton) were the words
of Mr. Adams, who had been a member of
Mr. Monroe's cabinet, and filling the de
partment from which, the doctrine would
emanate written at, a time when the enun
ciation of it was still fresh, and when he,
himself, in a communication to the Ameri
can Senate, was laying it down for the adop
tion of all the American nations, in a gen
eral congressofthehejmrieL .
An enemy to beauty is a foeto Nature. ;
The Lumber Trade of Toledo, Ohio.
The lumber 'trade of Toledo for 1864 ex
hibits large increase over former years,and
also shows that, as a market for black wal
nut lumber, Toledo leads all others in the
country. According to a statement publish
ed in eastern papers some weeks since, To
ledo furnishes more thau one-half of the
black walnut lumber received at the leading
eastern markets. The receipts of black wal
nut lumber, from all sources, during the
yearl8G4, reached nearly 29,O00,XR) feet.
Of this amount there wa3 shipped
To Buffalo, : : 23,428,423-fect.
To Osrdensburg, : : 2,833,300 feet.
To Boston, Mass. (direct) 230,000 feet.
To N. York City, (direct) 132,000 feet.
To Sandusky, : : 110,000 feet.
To Kingston, C. W. : : 17,000 feet.
Total, : : . : 26,750,323 feet.
Of pine lumber, lath and shingles, there
were received by lake, in 1864 :
Lumber. Lath. Shingles.
April, 3,709,000 923,000 - 2,347,000
May, 5,678,000 1,056,000 1,347,000
June, 6,062.000 2,423,000 2,423,000
July, 9,056,000 " 2,081,000 2,081,000
Aucust, 9,100.000 3,257,000 3,257,000
Sent. 8,084,000 2,208,000 2,208,000
October, 0,206,200 1,422,000 1,422,000
Nov. 7,804,000 . 1,S65,000 1,865,000
Total, 55,799,200 15,235,000 18,140,000
The shipments of these articles by the
Dayton & Michigan Railroad and Canal,
during the year, were : .
Lumber ft. Lath. Shingles.
Railroad, 13,223,388 1,985,650 S,267,225
Canal, 27,431,312 4,925,000 8,781,000
Total, 40,654,650 6,860,650 17,048,225
The shipments by the Toledo & Wabash
and Michigan Southern Roads were consid
erable, but we have not got the figures.
Teach Tour Boys to Aspire.
Much prosy advice is bestowed on boys
and young men that never gets be3oud the
drums of their ears. One of the most use
ful ideas you can introduce in a young head
is that its owner is bound to make his mark
iii the world if he chooses to try. Teach
him that it denends solely upon himself
whether he soars above the dead level of
mediocrity or not, whether lie crawls or flies.
Give him, asfar'as possible, confidence in
his own inherent capabilities. Argue that
he has the same faculties by which others
have risen to distinction, and that he has
only to cultivate them and apply in their ex
ercise tlj;it mighty propulsive agent, a de
termined will, in order to rise. Bid him
shoot his arrows not at the horizon, but at
the zeDith. A boy who jsets out in life with
the Presidency in 1 is eye, although he may
fall short of the mark, will be pretty sure to
reach a higher portion than if his ambition
had been limited to the position of town
constable, or a tide waiter's berth in the
Custom I tou.se. This is not a land where
poverty is a serious impediment to advance
ment. Very few of our millionairs were
born with gold spoons in their mouths, and
several of the most distinguished of our
statesmen earnre l their bread in early life by
the sweat of their brows. Fortune's gifts
tre wrung from her in this country by heads
and hearts that know no such word as tad,
and Fame has no special favors for the sillc
stocking class. Action, says Aristotle, is
the essence of Oratory, but it is more true
that energetic will is the soul of success. The
best temporal advice a father can give a son
is "aspire."
"Boy, let the Eagle's flight ever be thine ,
Onward and upward anil true to the line."
How to Eemaia Young.
The following is given on the authority
of one of the most famous physicians of the
age, and will doubtless be highly apprecia
ted by hundreds cf readers, of both gend
ers but more especially by the ladies, or that
fort ion of them upon whose countenances
inie is beginning to leave his tracks : "To
remove wrinkles, lines, crow's feet, &c," says
our authority, "when presenting themselves
prematurely ; or when the rules of severe
illness, as well as to ward them off at the
ti mo of life when thtv maybe expected to
show themselves, several essential points
must be observed. J. he iace should be. well
bathed in cold water every morning, winter
as well as summer, by means of a sponge.
Curd honey, or common yellow soap, should
be used in washing the face previous to bath-
mg. dueoitencr coiu water i Hjipueu m
the face the better. If any,roughness of the
skin ensues, a little cold cream, applied at
night, will soon remove it. lhen, again,
asmueh exercise as cau be conveniently ta
ken in the open air, everyday, is to be prac
ticed. Thedietmust be generousbut whole
some. Plenty ot substantial food should be
taken, with port wine, or stout porter. Vin
egaf, pickles and other acids must be avoided.
In addition to all the above rules, it would
be as well if regular hours were observed,
and heated places of amusemeut seldom
viaited." -
Scarcity of Greenbacks. The com
plaint that: greenbacks are growing scarce is
almost universal. This diminution, it is be
lieved, is a consequence of a disposition, on
the part of all classes and banks, to hoard
greenbacks. It shows a gratifying increase
of confidence in the financial measuras of
the Government, coupled with the belief
that there is soon to be a great decline in
gold, and consequently a relative increase in
the value of these bills.
In Cincinnati there are prospects of an
easier money market. Government has re
deemed $2,GO0,oGG worth of vouchers iq the
hands cf bankers -.during .'.the"? past twenty
days, and $3,000,GQQ more will be taken up
shortly. Rates of interest ar very firm at
1G318 per cent, per annum. ; ..
AS ADVENTURE IS THE ALPS.
Professor Tyndall sends to the London
Times a narrative of a rather exciting ad
venture in the Alps. On the 3d of July he
and two friends, with a couple of guides,
Jenni and Walter, ascended the Piz Morte
ratch. The ascent was accomplishecLsafely,
but not the tjescent, which was made along
the Morteratch glacier : -
We at length reached the point at which
it was necessary to quit our morning's track,
and immediately afterwards got upon some
steep rocks which were rendered slippery,
here and there, by the water which trickled
over them. To our right was a broad cou
loir which was once filled with snow, but
this had been melted and re-frozen, so as to
expose a sloping wall of ice. We were all
tied together at this time in the- following
manner : Jenni led, I came next, then my
friend II, an intrepid mountaineer, then was
f riend L, and, last of all, the guide Walter.
After descending the rock for a time Jenni
turned and asked me whether I thought it
better to adhere to them or try the ice slopes
to our right. I pronouueed in favor of the
rocks, but he seemed to misunderstand me,
and turned toward the couloir, lie cut
steps, along it, all following him, apparently
in pood order.
After a little while he stopped, turn ed
and looked upwards at the last three men.
lie said something about keeping carefully
in the tracks, adding that a false step might
detach.an avalanche. The word Was scarcely
uttered when I heard the sound of a fall be
hind me, then a rush and in the twinkling
of an eye my two friends and their guide,
all apparently entangled together, whirled
past me. I suddenly planted myself to re
sist their shock ; but in an iustant I was iu
their wake, for their impetus was irresisti
ble. A moment afterwards Jenni was whirl
ed away, and thus all five of us found our
selves riding downwards with uneontrolable
speed on the back of an avalanche which a
single flip had 'originated. When thrown
down by a jerk of the rope, I turned prompt
ly on my face and drove my baton through
the moving snow, seeking to anchor it ia the
ice underneath. I had held it firmly 'thus
for a few seconds, when I came into collision
with some obstacle, and was rudely tossed
through the air, Jenni at the same time be
ing shot down "upon me. Beth cf us here
lost our batons. We had, in fact, been car
ried over a crevasse, had hit its lower edge,
our great velocity causing us to be pitched
beyond it.
I was quite bewildered for a moment, but
immediately righted myself, and could sec
those in front of me half buried in the snow,
and jolted from side to side by the ruts a
mong which they were passing. Suddenly
I saw them tumbled over by a lurch of the
avalanche, and immediately afterwards
found myself imitating their motion. This
was caused by a second crevasse. Jenni
knew ot its eiistance, and plunged right into
it a brave and manful act, but for the
time unavailing. lie is over thirteen stone
in weight, and he thought by jumping into
the chasm a strain might be put upon the
rope sufficient to chtck the motion. He
was, however, violently jerked out of the
fissure, and almost squeezed to death by the
pressure of the rope. A long slope was be
fore us which, led directly downwards to a
brow where the glacier suddenly fell in a de
clivity of ice. At the base of this declivity
the glacier was cut by a series of profound
chasniSj and towards these we" were now
rapidly oorne. The three foremost men rode
upon the forehead of the avalanche, and
were at times almost wholly impressed in
snow : but the moving" lava was thinner be
hind, and J enni incessantly and, with des
perate energy, drove his feet into the firmer
substance underneath. His voice shouting,
"Halt! Heer Jesus, halt!" was the only
or e heard during the descent.
A kind of condensed memory, such as
that described by people who have narrowly
escaped drowning, took possession of me ;
snd I thought ami reasoned with preternat
ural clearness as I rushed along. Our start,
moreover, was too sudden and the excitement
too great to permit of the development of
terror. The slope at one iiJace became less
steep, the speed visibly slackened and we
thought we were coming to rest ; the aval
anche, however, crossed the brow which
terminated this gentler slope and regained
its motion.' Here II. threw his arms around
his friend, all hope for the time being extin
guished, while I grasped my belt and strug
gled for an instant to detach myself. Find
ing this difficult I resumed my pull upon
the rope. My share in the work was, I fear,
infinitesimal, but Jenni's powerful strain
made itself felt at last. Aided probably by
a slight change of inclination, he brought
the whole to rest within a short distance of
the chasms over which, had we preserved
our speed, a few seconds would have earned
us. None of us suffered serious damage.
He emerged from the snow with his fore
head bleeding, but the wound was superfi
cial. Jenni had a piece of flesh removed
from his hand by collision against a stone.
The pressure of the rone had left black welts
on my arms, and we all experienced a ting
ling sensation over the hands, like that pro
duced by insipient frost bite which contin
ued for several days. I found a portion of
my watch chain hanging round my neck,
another portion in my pocket the watch it
self was mn
On the 16th of August Professor TyndaHi
made an expedition in quest ot his watcn,
which was found after a rather perilous
search. It had remained eighteen days in
the avalache, but the application of its key
at once restored it to life.and it has gone with
unvarying regularity ever sinec
The body of a Chinese merchant, who
died at Victoria, put up in alcohol and en
closed in a leaden coffin, was recently
brought to San Francisco, to be sent to Chi
na. The whole weighed 2,200 pounds,
and Johnny was sent home in good spirits.
Pat and the Lawyer.
Two'lawyers were walking out one summer
morning when they were met by an Irish
man noted for his ready wit.
"Good-morning, Pat," says one of the
lawyers, who happened to be acquainted
with the Lishman, and wishing to show his
friend some of Pat's wit.
"Good-morning, your Honor," says Pat
"Pat, my friend and myself have had
quite an argument this morning as to wheth
er there ever was an Irishman in heaven or
not, and we have concluded to ask your o
pinion on the matter."
"Faith there was one there," says Pat.
' "Well, how did he happen to get there?"
says the lawyer, at - the same time nudging
his friend to notice Pat's witty auswer.
"Well," continued-Pat, "therewasonce a
good old quaker, who had an Irishman liv
ing with him, and the quaker told him that
if Tie kept on and served him as faithfully
as he had until he (the Quaker) died that
he would take him to heaven with him. In
the course of time the quaker died, and the
Irisman wen to heaven with him. But
when it was known that there was an Irish
man in heaven there wa.s a great time, and
he was ordered to leave, but he refused to
leave, unless he was put out by a regular
course of law ; and they searched heaven all
over, but the divil a lawyer could they find,
so there was one Irishman, but niver a bit
of a lawyer."
Don't Foroet Your Giri-s. When I
lived among the Choctaw Indians, (says a
traveler,) I held a consultation with one of
their chiefs respecting the stages of their
progress in the arts of civilized life, and
among other things he informed me that at
their start they made a great mistake, they
oidy sent their boys to school. These boys
came home intelligent men, but they married
uueducated and uncivilized wives ; and the
uniform result was the children were
like their mothers. The father soon lost all
his interest both in his wife and children.
And now, said he, if we would educate but
one class of our children, we should choose
the giris, for when they become mothers,
they educate their sons. This is the point,
and it is true. No nation can become fully
enlightened when mothers are not qualified
to discharge the duties of home work of ed
ucation. Parents give your daughters, as
well as sons, the best education in your
poer.
Borax to Kill Water Bcgs. At the
last meeting of the Boston Society of Nat
ural History, a report was made by a mem
ber upon the effect of pulverized borax upon
the water bugs and cockroaches that infest
our houses. The experiment was made by
sprinkling it arour.d every crack and crevice
suspected of affording shelter to these in
sects, with this effect: that after three Or
four da3-s quantities of dead ones were found
on the doors, and hardly a live one found in
the house. Arcther experiment was tried
by confining two healthy specimens iu a bot
tle, with a little borax at the bottom of it,
with air freely admitted. At the end of
twenty-four hours one was found dead, the
otherquite feeble ; in thirty-six hours the last
One was also dead. Thus proving this sim
ple and perfect remedy, the value of which
most house-keepers will appreciate.
Concerning Editors. At a printer's
festival the editorial vocation was thus done
brown: The man that is expected to know
everything, tell everything that he knows
and guess at the rest; to make known his
character, establish the refutation of his
neighbors, and elect all candidates for office;
to blow everybody, and reform the world; to
live for the benefit cf others, and write the
epitaph on his tombstone : "Here he lies at
last. In short, he is a locomotive running
on the track of public notoriety; his lever is
his pen ; his boiler is filled with ink ; his
tender, his scissors; his driving wheels,
public opinion ; whenever he explodes it is
caused by non-paymcat of subscriptions.
A BEALTiFrrL Thought. A writer whose
life has passed its meridian, thus discourses
upon the flight of time; Forty years once
seemed a long and weary pilgrimage to make.
It now seems but a step. And yet along the
way are broken shrines where a thousand
hopes are wasted into ashes; footprints sa
cred under their dust, green mounds whose
grass is fresh with the watering of tears;
shadows even which we would not forget.
We will garner the sunshine of these years,
and with chastened steps and hopes, push
on to the evening whose signal lights will
soon be swinging where the waters are still
and the storms never beat.
Foreign Recognition of the Confed
eracy. The Confederacy in its extremity
has at length made formal propositions to
the French and English Governments for
the recognition of the rebel Government,
in consideration of the abolition of slavery,
which has hitherto been considered by the
South the great moral obstacle to European
sympathy. These propositions, however
much weight they niiglit have had in the
earlier stages of the rebellion, when the reb
el prospects were brighter than at present,
will not be accepted by either France or
England it being evident that the rebellion
is on its last legs.
Be Polite. Study the graces, not the
graces of the' dancing master, of bowing and
scraping; nor the foppish etiquette of a Ches
terfield, but the benevolence, the graces of
the heart, whatever things are true, honest,
just, pure, lovely and of good report The
true secret of politeness is to please, to make
nappy flowing from goodness of heart a
fountain of love. ,
The Maine House of Representatives
has passed a resolution providing for an
amendment to the Constitution of that State,
disfranchising deserters and absentees from
military draft
PETEOLEUM IS THE OLD WORLD.
In Asia, the history of oil springs goes
back to a very remote period. The springs
of Is, still famous, were known in the days
of Babylon's prosperity, and the pitch then
in use was made by evaporating petroleum.
Herodotus describes a bitumen? spring in
Zacynthus, Zante, one of the ionian Is
lands; and probably this spring sufficed the
Egyptian nation for their incessent religious
use ot petroleum for mummies. It is not
a little curious that after a- lapse of over
twenty-three hundred years, this spring
should come into the possession of an enter
prising American, (Colonel Gowan, of Bos
ton,) and be found still productive.- The
"Greek fire" of modern times was probably
compounded of petroleum from the Zantean
springs. Dioscorides tells us that rock oil
was collected in Sicily and burned in the
lamps of Agrigentum. The classic home ot
naptha is Baku, a high peninsula on the
western shores of the Caspian fc a, contain
ing thirty-live villages and twenty thousand
souls, rocky and sterile, without-an attrac
tive spot, without a stream, without ono
drop of water except what falls directly from
the clouds, and without a tree. But gas
rises everywhere from a soil saturated with
naptha, and numerous volcanoes in action
discharge volumes of mud. From the timo
of Zoroaster the naptha of Baku has been
sent all over Asia for the service of the sa
cred fire of the Parsees. The liquid streams
spontaneously through the surface, and ri
ses wherever a hole is bored. But especial
ly Belegan, six miles f roin the capital vil
lage, the sides of the mouutain stream with
black oils, which collect iu reservoirs con
structed in an unknown ancient time ; while
not far off, a spring of white oil gushes
from the foot Upon their festival occasions
the people pour tons of this oil over the
surface of water in ajbay ot the Caspian, and
then set, as it were, earth, sea and sky
in a blaze of light Sometimes far grander
exhibitions take place naturally. In 1817 a
column of flame, six hundred yards in diam
eter, broke out near Belegan, and roared
with boiling brine and ejaculated rocks for
eighteen days together, until it raised a
mouud nine hundred" feet in height. Of
course, the population use the oil for light
and fuel and coat their roofs with it. A
clay pipe or hollow reed steeped in lime wa
ter, set upright in the floor of a dwelling,
serves as a natural and sufHcient gas-pipe.
The Ghebers bottle it for foreign use ; the
Atecshjahns fire with it their lime-kilns and
burn their dead. From an equally remote
era the Burman empire and northern Hin
doostan have received annual supplies of
rock oil from the wells ot the Himalayan val
ley of the Irrawaddy, through Rangoon;
and it has always been a favorite drug in
the Indian pharmacopoeia. In Italy, the
oil wells of Parma and Modena, date back
nearly two centuries-, the year 1640 being
that assigned to their discovery. The springs
of Ammiano have long lighted the streets
of Genoa. In France, oil springs have been
known from time immemorial at Clermont
and Gabian, and in Canton, Neufchatel ;
and in Bavaria, Germany. In the Island
of Trinidad, only a mile from the coast,
there is a basin of ninety-nine acres, filled
with asphalt, yielding seventy gallons of
crude oil per ton. .There are also springs of
aliphatic oil in the neighborhood, and large
pitohbanks off the shore. It is estimated
that the lake is capable of producing three
hundred million gallons of oil, and forty or
fifty gallons are considered equal to a ton of
coal. The Trinidad Colonist publishes "a
menwire, by Mr. Stollineyer, of Port Spain,
proposing the use of this liquid fuel for
oceanic steam navigation, and he states that
he has been at various times for three years
suggesting this employment of a distillate
from the pitch lake of Trinidad. To oil a
ship would take above a tenth of the time
it takes to coal her, if pipes were employed,
and the oil would take up a forth of the
space ocupied by coals. He recommends
that it be supplied at once as an auxilary to
coal by throwing jets over the burning mass,
but contemplates, eventually, upright tubu
lar boilers, the liquid fuel to be supplied as
fast as it can be converted into flame. The
use of petroleum as a fuel ha3 also claimed
much attention both in the American and
British navies, and its application to this
purpose in some form is not a remote event
The colored people of Cincinnati hold valu
able property to the amount of $500,000
one of them alone being worth $60,000. In
New York they have invested in business
carried on by themselves $755,000; in Brook
lyn, $76,500; in Wiiliaiinburg, $5,000. They
own independent of thus unencumbered real
estate in New York worth $733,000; in
Brooklyn, 276,000; in Williamsburg, 151,
000. In Philadelphia there are three hun
dred colored families living in their own
houses. One man, Stephen Smith, is 6aid
to be worth over $500,000.
Conversation. If I were to choose the
people with whom I would spend my hours
of conversation, they should be certainly such
as labored no further than to make them
selves readily and clearly apprehended, and
would have patience and curiosity to under
stand me. To have good sense, and ability
to express it, are the most essential and ne
cessary qualities in comp'nions. When
thoughts rise m us fit to utter among tamihar
friends, there needs but very little care io
clothing them. "
Josh Billing's advice to a young lady as
to how she shall receive a proposal "You
ought tew take it kind, looking down hill,
with an expression about half tickled and
half scart. After the pop is over, if yure
luver wants to kiss you. I don't think I
would say yes or bo, but kind of let the thing
take its own course. 1 here is one thing 1 hev
alwas stuck tu, and that iz, give me a long
kourtship and a short engagement"
Better be half hanged than ill wed.
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