tf I " -- r
CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 25, 1865.
VOL. 11.-N0. 21.
BY S. J. ROW.
Si
TERMS OF THE JOURNAL.
The RArMHAK's Jouunal is publiehcd on Wed
nudaT t 52.00 per annum in advance Adver
tisbwk.vts inserted at $1.50 per square, for three
or leg insertions Ten lines (or fess) counting a
wuare. For every additional insertion 50 cents.
A deduction wilUejdejo yely a
gttrinto gitrrtoyg.
IKVIN BROTHERS, Dealers in Square Sawed
Lumber. Dry Ooods, Groceries. Flour, Grain,
Ao , Ac, liurnside Pa., Sept. 23, 1863.
IREDEHICK LEITZIXUER. Manufacturer of
4 11 kinds of Stone-ware, Clearfield. Pa, Or
der? solicited wholesale or retail. Jan. 1, 1863
0
RAXS A BARRETT, Attorneys at Law, Clear-
J field. Pa. Mny 13. lSt:.
t J TRANS. t ' ' ' ' WA 'T 14 u
t- ORERT J. WALLACE. Attorney at Law. Clear
IV field. Pa Office in Shaw's new row. Market
street, opposite Naugle's jewelry store. -May .0.
HF XAUGLE. Watch and Clock Maker, and
. dealer in Watches, Jewelry, &o. Room in
Uraham's row, Market street. Nov. 10-
HBUCHER SWOOPE. Attorney at Law.Clear
. field. Pa. Offict in Graham's Row, four doo s
utVf l)raiaiil Rovnton's Store. XoV. 10.
. . J -Jf
H
. i.mr.tl-tT' I TIITCTtV T t. 1 nwa i Y, T rll tTH
Medicines. Paints. Oils. Stationary. Pcrfume
Fancv Goods? Notions, et., etc., Market street.
Clearfield, Pa. June, 29, 1S64.
TP. KRATZER, dealer in Dry Goods, Cloth
inir. Hardware. Quecnsware, Groceries. Pro
visions Ac. Front Street, above the Academy,
Clearfield, Pa. P
.ntriM t ipwra MnrWtotreet. Clearfield.
11 i -- - .
Pa . Dealer in Foreign and Domestic Mer
chandise. Hardware, Queensware, Groceries, and
family articles generally.
J
OiiX Gl'ELICH. Manufacturer of all kinds of
r..i.:- u.irVot otret. Clearfield, la.
He also makes to order Coffins, on short notice, and
attends funerals with a hearse.
R M. WOODS. PiiAcncixn Physician, and
Examining Surgeon for Pensions,
office. South-west corner of Second and Cherry
Street, Clearfield, Pa. January 21, 1S63.
T
nHOMAS J. M CULLOLGH, Attorney at Law.
Clearfield. Pa. Utnce, easi oi me -wrai utiu
Kank liteds and other legal instruments pre
pared with promptness and accuracy. JulyjL
JB MEN ALLY, Attorney at Law. -Clearfield,
Pa. Practices' in Clearfield and adjoining
counties. Office in new brick building of J.Uoyn
ton. 2d street, one door south of Lanich s Hotel.
i VlCHARD MOSSOP, Dealer in Foreign and Do
J j mestic Dry Goods, Urocerics, Flour, Hacon,
Liquors. Ac. Room, on Market street, a few doors
west of Jouni'ii Office, Clearfield, Pa. Apr27.
JARRIMER A TEST, Attorneys at Law.CIear
J field. Pa. Will attend promptly to all legal
and other business entrusted to their care in Clear
field and adjoining counties. August 6. 186.
iiT. ALBERT A BRO S, Dealers in Dry Goods,
W Groceries, Hardware, Queensware, Flour,
liacon, etc.. WoodlanH, Clearfield county. Penn'a.
Also, extensive dealers in all kinds of sawed lum
ber, shingles, and square timber. Orders solici
ted. ' VoodIand. Aug. ISth, 18(33.
i;W WATCH & J EWELRV STORE.-
'1' i 1 . : J 1. . : -i trt .1 in fhn h.ti--
J. 1UO UU'lCfMgHCU i.rv, ...... ... ..... " -.
6Un oi L learnciu. ai me tuup lunnci iji uu.meu
bv R Welches a jewelry shop.) is prepared to
di work of all kinds on the most reasonable terms.
The cash will positively be expected when the
work is delivered. Ho is confident that he can
not be excelled by any workmen in town orcounty
Cuiif. our! com? all tu the vftht Hi it Wait it
April 9,'62-ly-pd. S. II. LAUCHLIN.
rpEMPKKANCE HOUSE. The subscriber
J. would respectfully inform the citizens of
Cleiirfield-county, that he has rented the -Tipton
Hotel." and will use every endeavor to accommo
date those who may favor him with their custom.
He will try to furnish the table with the best the
country can afford, and will keep hay and foed to
accommodate teamsters. Gentlemen don't to-get
the '-Tipton Hotel." SAMUEL SMITH.
' Tipton. Pa , May 2j, 1354.
VUCTION'EER. The undersigned having
been Licensed an Auctioneer, would inform
the citizens of Clearfield county that he will at
tend to calling sales, in any part of the county,
whenever called upon. Charges moderate
Address, JOHN MQL'ILKIN.
May 13 Bower Po., Clearfield co., Pa.
X. B. Persons calling sales without a proper li
eone are subject to a penalty of $60, which pro
vision will be euforced against those who may vi
olate the same.
Three Farms Por Sale !
SITUATE IN PIKE TOWNSHIP.
The subscriber will sell bis three farms situate
in l'ike township, Clearfield county, Pa., at pri
vate sle. Also, one tract of unimproved land
Lumbered and described as follows, to wit :
No 1 Is an improved tract on which here
sides, and ontains about 2'10 acres 20i acres f
whirh is cleared. 25 acres being in meadow, and
the whole in a high state of cultivation and un
der giod fences. The. improvements are a good
frame house, frame barn, (75 by 58 feet.) wagon
fheJ. grain house, smoke house, wood hous ? and
"ther outbuildings. There is timber sufficient on
the land for all farm uses, and an excellent coal
1'ank. Also good water and a fine orchard of
choice fruit growing thereon.
Xo. 2. Is an improved tract, and contains 135
acres of which fct) acres are cfSared, 10 acres be
ing in meadow, and the whole in a good state of
cultivation and under good fences, with excel
lent water on the farm. The buildings are a log
W?e and an excellent frame barn, and some oth
fcr outbuildings, There is on this tract sufficient
pod timber for 7 or 8 rafts, and an excellent coal
'ink, together with an orchard of choice fruit
'rets.
So. 3. Is an improved tract, containing about
I"0;ut3. 30 acres cleared, (new,) with a small
Plank house and baru thereon erected. The land
i under good fences, with excellent water ou it.
About 3 rafu of good timber also standing thereon.
o. Is an unimproved tract of 400 acres.with
Jtte gO0j pjne timber growing on it, and will
tt<e an excellent farm when cleared
The above tracts will be sold in a body, or sep
arately, to suit purchasers preferring, however.
' sl them in a body. The terms will be reason
?' The tracts can be seen at any time by oall-r-S
on the subscriber, or inquiries by letter will
u answered if addressed to Curwensville. Pa
4ogust 3, 1364. DANIEUBAILEY.
SLT! SALT!! SALT !!! A prime arti
J ele of ground ' alum salt, put up in patent
- at $3.25 per sacK, at the cheap cash store of
, jmber 27. R. MOSSOP.
tODDER CUTTERS of a superior make
aI? ,aU at reasonable prhes. a MEttRELL
BlGLEK-S.clearfie'd.Pa
MY "WIFE AND I.
As thrcugh the land at eve we went,
And plucked the ripened ears,
We fell out, my wife and I,
0, we fell out, I know not why,
And kissed again with tears.
For when we came where lies the child
We lost in other years,
There above the little grave,
O, there above the little grave,
We kissed again with tears.
THE ENGLISH WORKING PEOPLE.
HOW THEY LIVE.
Nothing can be more astonishing to the
American people than the extreme indigen
cy and pli3'sical degeneracy of the Briti.-li
working-people. Sir. Kay's work on the
'SochfT Condition and Education of the
People in England," published last year in
England, and reprinted in this country,
made some remarkable disclosures, bearing
especially upon the moral condition or these
people. At t- e close of this work M r, Kay
says : "The poor of England are more de
pressed, more pauperized, more numerous
in comparison to the other classes, more ir
religious, and very much worse educated
than the pwr of any other European nation,
solely excepting Russia, Turkey, South It
aly, Portugal and Spain."
The medical officer of the Privy Council
in England Ts required to submit annually a
report of the proceedings of that body.
This duty has devolved upon Sir. Jyhn Si
mon, whore series of reports for the last
four jears is a harmonized body of practical
information on the causes and distribution
of disease. His last report, for 1N54, is full
of interesting and important truth respect
ing the amount and kind of food taken by
the working-classes. As Mr. Kay's book
related to the causes leading to moral de
generacy, this report is concerned chiefly
with those which conduce to physical dete
rioration. For the purposes of investigation inquiry
was made in only a few households which
seemed to be fair samples of their class.
The inquirer set out with this theory; name
ly, that to prevent starvation or the diseases
connect d with it, a woman must have in
her ft od, daily, 3,900 grains of carbon and
ISO of nitrogen, or as much nourishment as
is contained in a half quartern loaf of bread.
A man wants one-ninth more.
Forty-two families of silk-weavers were
examined, and it was found that these did
not quite come up to this minimum stand
ard; thirty-one families of needle-women
fell far very short ; of farm-laborers' famil
ies more than one-third were below the
mark. Of course this sacrifice of appetite
would be made after every other sort of sac
rifice had been made, after necessary cloth
imr and fuel had been dispensed with.
It was found amontr silk-weavers and
twisters that, while over twelve pounds of
bread were necessary to each adult, little
more than nine were eaten. Iy buying food
in pennyworths a great deal of money was
wasted. The children working away from
home, instead of taking with them dinner
prepared by the mother, are supplied with
three halfpence or two-penca a day dinner
money, which they spend at a cooh-shop
usually a penny upon pudding and a half
penny upon potatoes. When they spend
two-pence they are permitted to sit down
and have a little gravy or fat added to their
meal.
Of all classes the needle-women fare ihe
worst. They take to their calling when ev
ery resource fails, and their average income
is "below four shillings (less than one dollar)
per week ; sometimes, too, they are out of
employment. They use a little over an
ounce "of tea per day, into which t hey rarely
put mdk. Of moat sonic buy two ounces
daily; others a quarter of a pound of cook
ed meat three times a week, and twice that
amount-lou Sunday.
CJ love-stitchers, in-order to earn five shil
lings and sixpence a week, are compelled to
work from six in the morning until eleven
at night ; and even children between nine
and fourteen years of age are kept all day
at this employment.
As a general result of the inquiry among
all these classes, it appears that of bread
the needle-women ate least, the shoemaker
most ; that of the persons interrogated in all
classes, only four three of them being kid
glovers went wholly without sugar, the
kid-glovers generally using least sugar, the
needle-women and stocking-makers most ;
the balance of carbon in the.diet being re
adjusted in these cases by an exactly reverse
proportion in the use of butter. Only in
five of the whole number of cases was there
no meat at all eaten, and the rive were all
found amoig the silk-weavers of Macclesfield
and Coventry. But twenty in every hundred
ate butchers' meat in no appreciable quan
tity, prefering to use bacon. Beer of the
ordinary strength was found to be drunk
verv generally by the silk-weavers of Lon
don, and by the shoemakers, and a very
week beer by the stocking-makers of parts
of Derbyshire. In' half the families who
were taken as fair types of thej condition of
the poorer laboring class, beer formed no
part of the household dietary.
In the case of out door laborers, where
there is not much meaC used, it is all cook
ed for the Sunday's dinners usually the
only one at which the whole family is col
lected and sits together in unwonted eitse.
What is left froru the Sunday dinner is on
the following week days the husband's, and
whether he take it with him bit by bit to
his daily dinner in the fields, or eat it at
home, it is his, as a matter of course, un
gruded. The household faith is that
the husband wins the bread, and must have
the best food." His physical well-being is
the prop of the house. If he have eaten up
his remainder of meat or bacon by the mid
dle of the week, and there be butter or
cheese, he takes that for his dinner at the
close of the week, and the wife and children
at home are then reduced to dry bread
which is converted into a hot meal by the
use of tea.
Of course this state of affairs is a great
hindrance to marriage. A man alone can
subsist comfortably, and the temptation to
remain single is reluctantly overcome, when
by marrying he is certain to deprive him
self of food absolutely necessary to health.
The farm-laborer, apart from a family, is
adaquateiy fed, long lived, and little trou
bled with sickness. When he takes his
meals at the farm-house, his risk in the
way of diet is.froni over-feeding, lie has
usually four meals a day meat and bacon
twice, and even three times a day; milk
twice a day; puddings or pies three times
a day in Devon, and usually daily elsewhere ;
beer also or cider. In Yorkshire he is
found to get cheese-cakes and custards
almost daily at breakfast and dinner, or
even to take an hour's nap after dinner,
lie objects to mutton because it is fat, and
throws the fat under the table. Living in
this sumptuous manner, he will putoff as far
as possible the evil day which shall bring
him poverty and starvation. Continent
u on this state of society is needless, but it
is with gratitude that we compare the hap
piness of our own working-people wit h that
of the English poor. The emigrants bound
for America even in these troublous times,
may well be regarded as both wise and pru
deu t. Scientific A nu r lea n.
WHAT PETROLEUM IS DOING.
In the North American and United
States Gazette, we find a comprehensive re
view of this newly developed source of wealth
from which we extract; It has made Ve
nango county such a scene of prodigious
prosperity that he who talks now of the
matter being a humbug must be rather
short-sighted. There are towns built up
wholly by these discoveries. There are the
railroads solely built to convey petroleum to
market, and so blocked up with it that they
cannot furnish rolling stock enough to ac
commodate the trade. There are the bar
rels, millions of them, all over the region,
oozing with uetroleum. There are the
wells,yielding the oleaginous fluid in endless
quantities. There are banks, ,nevvspapers,
hotels, insurance companies, etc. ;f all resting
on the products of those wells. Those who
de.-ire can see and judge for themselves.
Through all the season of navigation the
Allegheny river has been running crowded
with vessels of every description laden with
petroleum. Pittsburg, which used to be
the Iron City, thinks now of little else than
petroleum. Barrels of it swarm everywhere,
ilefineries multiply. She has become one of
the great distributing depots for the trade
The operators clung to Oil Creek as long as
a foot of ground was to be had on either
side of it, or near it, and there they sunk
wells and erected engines with a zeal that
can only be compared with that of the
quartz gold miners. From Oil Creek they
spread thenelves along the Allegheny river
banks aud islands; then along Sugar Creek,
and so to every stream in Venango county.
On all of these oil wells have been sunk and
oil obtained, until the whole country is bor
ed,everywhere, aud the number of wells con
stantly multiplying.
These explorations carried the operations
into Crawford county, by means of the com
panies boring along French creek and Oil
creek; into Erie county by the French
creek enterprise ; into Warren and Clarion
counties, by following the course of the Alle
gheny river; through Clarion. Elk, Forrest
and Jefferson counties, by following the
Clarion river ; and indeed we can scarcely
now name a county in that region of Penn
sylvania where petroleum has not been bored
for. -Most of the operations are yet merely
beginning, except in Venango and the points
immediately adjacent.- There petroleum is
the sole topic. 'Nothing ele is kuown, seen
or beared of. It is everywhere, and the
whole prosperity of the district is based on it.
Passingsouth of Pittsburg, we find another
petroleum region along Dunkard creek, in
the counties of Fayette and Greene, where
many companies flourish. Here, too, the
boring has spread to all the adjoining region,
away otf in Western Virginia. For the
product of this district the Monongahela
river is the channel of transportation. But
the great West Virginia oil country is lar
south of this along the Little Kanawha and
Hughes rivers, and all the tributary creeks.
There the oil has been gathered as it oozed
from the earth for half a century or more.
Xow it is bored for in scientific style, and
every foot of ground is occupied by wells of
speculators. The mania has spread in West
V irginia to such an extent that we really
think the area covered there is more extend
ed than in Pennsylvania, although the pro
duct is nothing at all in comparison. Then
there are oil ditricts in Ohio and Kentucky
and Canada, of which as yet little is kuown.
The astonishing feature in this develop
ment is the vast area of country in which pe
troleum has undoubtedly been obtained by
boring. It is true that in the leading points
oil has for a long period been well known to
ooze from the ground and flow off into
springs of water, creeks and swamps. But
the great discovery was not owing to this,
the oil having been struck at a considerable
depth while boring for Fait, Over an im
mense area of country it has been subse
quently obtained by boring, and in all of
these cases the same geological formation
has-been found. The query often asked,
where was this oil deposited before the dis
coveries, that we now find so many thousands
of wells able to go on pumping it without
exhaustion? is completely answered by ref
erence to the depth at which the petroleum
is found. -
The news of the success of Generals Sher
man and Thomas has reached England.
The Confederate loan, is consequence, de
clined six per coot., while there was a
blight improvement in Federal securities.
The King of the Sandwhich Islands has
decided upon the Episcopal as his establish
ed religion.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE TIMES.
Chronology of the War, etc.
1863 December 1. Hooker retires from
Ringgold, and Army of Cumberland again
concentrated at Chattanooga. . . Meade re
crosses the Kapidan. . . ltebel Salt works,
worth three millions, destroyed at St. An
drews Sound, Fla.
Dec. 2. Village for the Contrabands at
Arlington Heights dedicated.
Dec. 3. Sherman's. Cavalry near Knox
ville. Dec. 4. Knoxville, Tenn., Longstreet
raises the siege of, and retreats towards
Virginia.
Dec. 6. Chesapeake, steamer, seized by
rebel pirates on board, engineer shot, and
crew landed at St. Johns. . . Weehawken,
the Monitor, founders at Charleston Harbor,
with all on board.
Dec. 7. Jefferson Davis issues his annu
al message. . . U. S. Congress reassembles.
Dec. 8. President Lincoln issues his Mes
sage and Proclamation of Amnesty.
Dec. 11. Fort Sumter vigorously bom
barded and partly set on fire.
Dec. 14. Bean Station, Va., Longstreet
attacks Union Cavalry under Shackelford,
ltebel loss 800 killed and wounded ; Union
loss 200.
Dec. 16. Buford, Maj.-Gen. John, died
at Washington. . . Virginia and Tennessee
Railroad, Averill destroys 15 miles of.
Dec. 17. Sangster's, Rebel Cavalry at
tack Meade's communications at, and are
repulsed. . . . Van Brunt, Com. (1. J., died
at Dedham, Mass, aged 04. . . Chesapeake,
The, recaptured in Tanibro Harbor by the
El!a and Annie. All crew but three escape.
Dec. 18. Col. Philips, with Indian bri
gade beats and scatters Quantrell's force
near Eort Gibson, killing f0.
Dec. 19. Fort Gibson, Ark., attacked by
Standthwaite with 1,000 men. Standth
waite repulsed.
Dec. 22. G en. Corcoran killed by a fall
from his horse. . . An expedition trom Beau
flirt starts inland under (jren. Seymour. . . .
An expedition of one w hite and three color
ed regiments, starts for Red River from Port
Hudson, under Gen. Ullman.
Dec. 23. Longstrect's soldiers are desert
ing 20 to 50 per day. . . Union raid on Lu
ray. Largequantitiesof leather, bacon, &c,
captured. . . Ferry boat at Memphis attack
ed by guerrillas who killed the captain. The
boat escaped.
Dec. 24. Choclow Irdians and their
Chief abandon the Rebel cause. . . Christ
mas Eve salute of shotted guns to Rebels
at Charleston. . . Reeves, with 150 guerril
las, surprise Centcrville, Mo., and captures
garrison of 50 men 3d M. S. M. . . Jjegare
ville, S. C, attacked by Rebels, who were
driven off.
Dec. 25. Pulaski, Tenn., 50 Forrest's
guerrillas captured by Gen. Dodge. . . Gen.
Sullivan's expedition from Harper's Ferry
returns with 100 prisoners and 100 horses.
..Gen. Banks establishes Iepartment of
the Frontier on the Rio Grande. . . British
bark Circassion seized in North River U. S.
Marshal. . . Gunboat Marblehead attacked
at St, John's Island, by rebels on shore with
battery, and repulses them. Loss, 3 killed,
and 5 wounded.
Dec. 20. Dr. Segar, Mr. Perez, and Mr.
Carter, sent to Fort Lafayette for smuggling
arms to Rebels. . . Dictator, turreted iron
clad, launched at New York,
Dec. 28. Richardson crossed our lines on
his way South. . . Charleston, Tenn., Rebel
Gen. Wheeler, with 1,500 men attacks Col.
Liebert and supply train ; captures the lat
ter ; Col. Long re-inforces Liebert and Reb
els are beater, losing 121 prisoners.
Dec. 29. Wheeler captures and con scripts
allstragglers. . . Part of Union train cap
tured by Reikis at Williamsport. Va.
Dec. 30 Great naval expedition leaves
New Orleans, supposed for Mobile.
Dec. 31. Seizure of large quantity of
Confederate money in New York, and ar
rest of the printers. . . M'Chesney's expe
dition meets rebels near Washington, N. C,
routs them, kills Lieutenaut and five men,
captures oiie cannon and ten men.
1864 January 1. Gov. Bramlette, of
Ky., orders 5 Rebel sympathizers to be ar
rested for every loyal citizen taken by guer
rillas. . i Colored inhabitants of Norfolk
celebrate their first Anniversary of Freedom.
, . Meeting at Cooper Institute for same
purpose. . . A small force of Union pickets
are driven in at Winchester. . . . Severe
snow-storm in the west.
Jan. 2. Major Anthony and Lt. Davis,
Rebels, sent to Fort Warren for 15 years for
recruiting within the Union lines. . . Rebel
attack on Union train at Mooi field and Alle
gany Junction ; 13 Rebels killed and 20
wounded. . . Union guard, one company,
at Patterson's Creek, captured by 500 Rebel
cavalry. Next day are retaken and cavalry
routed.
Jan. 3. Rebel Sam Jones captures 300
Union troops at Jonesville, Va., killing and
wounding 00 of them. . . Death of Arch- j
bishop Hughes.
Jan. 4. Gen. Grierson is pursuing For
rest south of Cold Water.
"Jan. 6. Kirby Smith commands all Reb
el force (15,000) west of Mississippi River.
. . Marmaduke and Price are at Arkadel
phia and Little Rock, with 7,000, mostly
cavalry.
Jan. 7. Hon. Caleb B. Smith, Secreta
ry of the Interior died.
Jan. 8. Rebel obstructions in Charles
ton Harbor mostly washed ashore. . . A Loy
al Mass Meeting held at New Orleans to
consider formation of a Free State Govern
ment . . Com. Storer, U. S. N., died. . .
Fitzhush Lee surrounds, and is beaten from
Pittsburg, Va.
Jan. 9. Rebel Cavalry conscripted every
man in Cleveland, Tenn.
Jan. 10. Sharp cavalry fight at Straw
berry Plains. Rebels repulsed with serious
loss. . . Rebel Lieutenant and squad of men
desert to our lines from Price s army. . .
Cole's Batallion of Maryland Cavalry attack
ed in Virginia by Mosby, with 400 Rebel,
who are defeated with loss of four officers
and many men.
Jan. 1 l.-Longstreet is fortifying at Bull's
Gap, Tenn., his force 34,000 infantry and
12,000 cavalry. . uunboat Iron Age a-
ground under Rebel fire at
harbor.
Wilmington
Jan. 12. Gen. Marston makes an exten
sive raid in Virginia, capturing much grain
and pork, and other rebel property, and ta
king 25 prisoners, many horses. mules, sheep,
&c. . . Part of M' Cook's cavalry fight with
8th and 11th Texas, at Mossy Creek, Tenn.,
killing 14 and capturing 41.
Jan. 14. Two hundred Rebels attempt
to capture small cavalry force at Three Miles
Station, Va., and are repulsed. . . Rebel
Gen. Vance captures Union supply trains
near Temsville, is pursued by Col. Palmer,
who takes him and officers prisoners recap
tures train, 150 horses, arms, &c. . . Union
soldier found hanging at Smith MilK Va.,
placarded, Hung by order of Gen. Wild in
retaliation. . . Sturgis' Cavalry drive Rebel
videttes out of Bainbridge, but till back, en
emy being in strong force beyond.
J an. 10. Receipt of news of the burning
of 2.0tX rersons in the Santiago cathedral,
Chilli, on Dec. 14, 1803.
Jan. 17. Scout reports 3,000 Rebels at
Point Pelee, Canada, preparing for a dash
on Johnson s island. . . uesperaie aiiacs
on our lines near Bainbridge, Tenn.
Rebels
Union
Union
ultimately defeated, losing heavily,
army fell back to Strawberry Plains.
Jan. IS. Fifteen Rebels attack
pickets at Flint Hill, Va., and are
badly
beaten.
Jan. itf. Attempt to burn Jeff. Davis'
house Richmond. . . Sturgis' force fall back
to within five miles of Knoxville.
Jan. 20. Gen. Woodbury takes an ex
pedition to Point Rosa to cut off Rebel cat
tle supplies from Florida.
Jan. 21. Numerous desertions from Reb
el army at Chattanooga, On 17th 150 de
serted. Jan. 23. LTnion foray at Brandon Farms
on James River, captures 22 rebels, 7 signal
men, 99 negroes, destroys 24,000 lbs. pork,
captures sloop, pchooner, &c, without los
ing a man. . . GOO Rebel Cavalry retreating
to Natchez. . . Louisiana and Texas Troops
marching to Mississippi River to blockade
and obtain arms, &c, from trans-Mississippi
Department. . . Union raid to Lake Phelps,
N. Oi Guerrillas, 200,000 lbs. pork, tobac
co, cotton, horses, mules, &c, captured or
d est royed.
Jan. 24. Rhoddy driven across the Ten
nessee, loses his trains, 20 mule teams, 200
beeves, 600 sheep, and 100 horses. . . Four
rebel gunboats make reconnoissance on the
James.
Jan. 25. Maj. Burroughs, guerrilla chief,
shot while escaping from Fortress Monroe.
. . Several hospital buildings and a large
quantity of stores burned at camp Winder,
near Richmond. . . Corinth evacuated by
Union forces, and Memphis and Charleston
11.11. abandoned from Lagrange to Memphis.
Jan. 20. Athens, Tenn., taken by rebel
Gen. Rhoddy. . . Tazewell attacked by 400
rebel cavalry, who are repulsed by garrison.
. . Johnson's brigade of Rhoddy s force
crossed Tennessee River at Bainbridge ; are
repulsed at Alton. Rebel loss 15, and many
wounded. Union loss, 10 wounded.
Jan. 27. Col. Borne attacks and destroys
camp of Rebel Home Guards, and captures
many prisoners. . . Capt Cady, of 24th N.
Y. Battery captures five rebel murderers
and 1,000 sheep in Tysell Co . N. C. . .
Sturgis gains decisive victory at Sevierville,
ovejr rebel cavalry; 05 rebels killed and
wounded, 100 prisoners, and 2 guns taken.
Jan. 28. A large meetins at Nashville,
Tenn., to restore State Government, . . Gen.
Palmer reconnoiters to Tunnel Hill, drove in
rebel pickets, captures company of cavalry;
32 reikis killed. . . Nearly 300 sets of Rebel
Salt Works destroyed near St. Andrews'
Jan. 29. Sturgis drives rebel videttes
out of Danville, Tenn. . . "Waldron, Tenn.,
rumored captured by Price. . . Gen. Thayer
succeeds Gen. M'Neal commanding District
of Frontier. . . Rebel attempt to capture
Cumberland Gap with 3 cavalry brigades re-
Eulsed by Col. Love. . . Windsor, N. C,
Iridges and a great quantity of material det
st royed.
Jan. 30. Union supply train captured
near Petersburg by rebels. Union loss, 80 ;
rebel loss, 100.
Jan. 31. Over 7, 300 deserters from Bragg
since Oct. 20. . . Hood's army retires from
Ringold and Dalton. . . Kit Karson pursues
Navajos through Canon de Chelle ; 23 killed,
150 prisoners.
(TO BE CO XTIXUED.)
Defexses op Wilmixotox. The New
York Commercial Advertiser, in an article
on the defenses of Wilmington, says : "Fort
Fisher has seventy-two, Fort Caswell eighty
seven, Fort St. Phillippe nine, and other
works estimate their number at thirty-eight,
making a total of two hundred and eight
guns. We may consider the capture of all
these work snow a foregone conclusion. Tho.se
south of Fort Fisher are cut off and must
surrender upon demand, while those above
cannot hope to resist upon the approach of
our fleet.
A. T. Stewart's Ixcome. A. T. Stew
art, the great dry goods man of New York,
returns the largest income for 1863 of any
American. It is not $5,000,000, as has been
reported, but $1,843,638, whereon the extra
income tax is $92, 1 81 . Horace G reelet
says: "We consider it hard fortune for any
man to have to take care of so much pro
perty for nothing but his vituals and
clothes."
During the past year the enormous sum
of twenty-eight millions five hundred and
twenty-two thousand dollars, was lost by fires
in the loyal States.
A dearth of rat skins threatens to raise
the price of kid gloves in Paris,
THE -W-A.lt NEWS.
FORT FISHER TAKEN.
OFFICIAL FROM ADM'L F0RTER.
Admiral Porter in his despatch announc
ing the capture of Fort Fisher, says :
On the 14th I ordered all the vessels car
rying eleven inch guns to bombard with the
Ironsides the Brooklyn taking the lead.
By sunset the Fort was reduced to a pulp,
and every gun being silenced by being injur
ed or coveted up with earth so that they
would not work.
On the loth Gen. Terry and myself arrang
ed the assault, and I ordered 1,400 sailors
and marines to participate. At daylight the
iron vessels, the Brooklyn and 1 1-mch gun
boats, commenced battering the work, while
the troops made a lodgment within one hun
dred and fifty yards of the fort. At 10 o'
clock all the vessels steamed and took their
positions, opening a heavy fire, which was
kept up until 3 o'clock, l M. , when the sig
nal was made t3 assault, the sol. hers taking
the laud side aud the sailors the sea lace, the
ships changing, but not stopping their fire,
to the other works. The rebels met us with
a courage worthy of a better cause, and
fought desperately. Alout 30 of the sail
ors and officers succeeded in getting to the
top of the parapet, amidst a murderous fire
of grape, canister and musketry. They had
flanted the flag there, but were swept away,
n a moment others tried to get up the steep
pancoupe. The marines could have cleared
the parajet by keeping up a steady fire, but
they failed to do so, and the sailors were re
pulsed. Many a gallant fellow fell while
trying to emulate their brothers in arms who
were fighting to obtain an entrance on the
northeast angle, as it appears on our chart.
The enemy mistook the seamen's attack for
the maip body of troops, and opposed a
most vigorous resistance there, but I wit
nessed it all and think the marines could
have made the assault successful. In the
meantime our gallant soldiers had gained a
foothold on the northeast corner of the fort,
fighting like lion and contesting every inch
of ground. .The Ironsides and Monitors kept
throwing their shells into the traverses not
occupied by our men, but occupied by the
rebels. In this way our troops fought from
traverse to traverse from 3 o'clock in the af
ternoon until 10 at night. When the joyful
tidings were signaled to the fleet, we stopped
our fire and gave them three of the hearti
est cheers I ever heard.
It has been the most terrific struggle I ev
er saw, and very much hard labor. The
troops have covered themselves with glory,
and Gen. Terry is my beau ideal of a soldier
and a general. Our co-operation Jias been
most harmonious, and I think the General
will do the navy the credit to say that this
time at least we substantially injnroti the fort
as a defensive icorlc Gen. Terry had only
a few more troops than we had on the last
occasion, when the enemy had only 150 men
in the works. This time the works were
fully manned, and contained about 800 men
at the time of the assault.
It is a matter of great regret to me to see
my gallant officers and men so cut up, but I
was unwilling to let the troops undertake
the capture of the works without the navy
sharing with them the peril all were anxious
to undergo, and we should have had the
honor of meeting our brothers-in-arms in
the works.had the sailors been properly sup
ported. We have lost about 100 in killed
and wounded, and among them some gal
lant officers, I regret to announce the death
of Lieut. S. W. Preston and Lieut. B. H.
Porter. They were both captured together
in the attack on Fort Sumter, and died to
gether in endeavoring to pull down the flag
that has so long flaunted in our faces.
A correspondent's despatch, says: The
enemy's force in the Fort was over 3,000.
The conflict lasted for seven hours. The
works were so constructed that every tra
verse afforded the enemy a new defensive
5osition from which they had to be driven,
'hey were seven in number and the fight
was carried on from traverse to traverse for
7 hours, bT a skilfully directed fire thrown
into the traverses, as one after another they
were occupied by the enemy. Admiral Por
ter contributed to the success of the assault
ing columu by signals between him and Gen.
Terry at brief intervals. This signal was po
well managed as to damage the enemy with
out injury to our own troops. At about 10
o'clock the enemy were entirely driven from
the fort and forced down towards Federal
Point, followed by a brigade of our troops,
and about 12 o'clock at night Gen. Whiting
surrendered himself and his command to
Gen. Terry, unconditionally, as prisoners of
war, numbering over 2,800, the remainder
of the force being killed and wounded. Our
loss was not accurately ascertained Monday
afternoon, but was estimated at between 700
and 800 in killed and wounded, besides the
naval losses which was slight, not exceeding
one hundred killed and wounded. Not a
ship or transport was lost. Col. Curtis was
severely but not mortally wounded. Col.
Bell died of his wounds on Monday. CoL
J. W. Moore and Lieut. Col. Lyman were
killed. Col. Pennypaker was badly wound
ed; also, Lieut. Col. Coah. A complete
list of the killed and wounded will be for
warded as soon as it can be prepared.
Early on Monday morning, between 6 and
7 o'clock the magazine of Fort Fisher ex
ploded, killing and wounding about 200 per
sons. After the capture of the fort all the
troops were withdrawn except one brigade,
left in charge of the works. How the ex
plosion occurred was not known, but Gen-
erally Terry believes it was occasioned by
accident or neglect.
Fort Fisher is a sand work, about 400
yards long, and presents a perpendicular
front ot 50 feet in highth. The armament of
the fort was 72 guns, some of large calibre
and rifled. " The troops in the fort had six
teen days rations. The rebel loss in the as
sault was 500 dead, besides the wounded.
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