11 11 M I " 1 1
BY S. X ROW.
CLEARFIELD, PA.. "WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 1864.
VOL. 10.-NO. 2-3.
T Ell MS OF TT1E JOURNAL.
The Raftsman's .Iocrkal is published on TVed
bmJit at $l,0 per annum ie advance. Adver
tisements inserted at SI. IK) per square, for threo
or lea insertions Twelre lines (oriels) counting a
quare. For every additional insertion 2a cents.
A deduction will be made to yearly adver tigers.
IRVIN BROTHERS. Dealers in Square Sawed
Lumber, Drj Goods, Groceries. Flour, Grain,
Ac , Ac. Burnside Pa., Sept. 23, 1863.
I FREDERICK LEITZISGER, Manufacturer of
II kinds of Stone-ware. Clearfield. Pa. Or
der solicited wholesale or retail. Ja. 1,1863
f iRAXS BARRETT, Attorneys at Law. Clear
ly fild. Pa. May 13. 1S63.
L. J. crass. :::::: wai.tkk bakbett.
IOBERf J.WALLACE. Attorney atLaw. Clear
i field. Pa Office in Shaw's new row. Market
sireet. opposite Naugle's jewelry acere. May 28.
HF. NAUGLE. Watch and Clock Maker, and
. dealer in Watches, Jewelry. 4o. Room rn
Graham's row, Market street. Not. 10.
H- BUCHER SWOOPE. Attorney at Law.Clear
. Eeld.Pa. OEct in Graham's Row, four doo s
west of Graham A Boynton's store. Nov. 10.
t p. KRATZER Merchant, and dealer in
p) . Boards and Shingles, Grain and Produce,
front St. above the Academy, Clearfield. Pa. jl 2
"T7ALLACE A HALL, Attorneys at Law, Clear
TV field, Pa. December 17. 1862.
H1LMAV A. WALLACE.
JOBS a. BALL.
I7 A FLEMMTXG. Curwensville. Pa.. Nunery-
. man and Dealer in all kinds of Fruit Mid
Ornamental Trees. Plantsand Shrubbery. All or
ders by mail promptly attended to. May 13.
" TJIt.LIAM F. IRWIN, Market street, Clearfield,
W Pa., Dealer in Foreign and Domestic Mer
chandise. Hardware. Queensware, Groceries, and
family articles generally. Nov. 10.
JOHN GFELICH. Manufacturer f a!', kinds of
Cabinet-ware, Market street, Clearfield, Pa.
He also makes to order Coffins, on short notice, and
trends funerals with a hearse. AprlU,'5y.
DR. M. WOODS. PitACTiciNG Phvsicias, and
Examining Surgeon for Pensions.
Office, South-west corner of Second and Cherry
Street. Clearfield. Pa. January 21, 13(53.
7 W. SHAW. M. !., has resumed the prac-
. tice of Medicine and Surgery in Rhawsville,
Penna. where Yi-e still respectfully solicits a con
tiiiuance of public patronage. May 27, 1:63.
JB M'EX ALLY, Attorney nt Law. Ciearfield,
. Pa. Practices in Clearfield and adjoining
counties. Office in new brick building of J.Boyn
ton. 2d street, one door south of Lanich's Hotel.
1 ICUARD MOSSOP, Dealer in Foreign and Do
V mestio Dry Goods, Groceries, Flour, Bacon,
Liquurs. Ac. Room, on Market street, a few doors
west of journal Office, Clearfield, Pa. Apr27.
T
nilOMPSON, A WATSON. Dealers in Timber
Saw Lo23. Boards and fchingles, Marysrille.
Clearfield county, Tenn a August II. Ioj.
s. w. THOMPSON -. c : : jas. e. watsos
I ARKIMER A TEST, Attorneys at Law.CIear-
1 J field. Pa. ill attend promptl v to all legal
and other busineos entrusted to their care in Clear
field and adjoining counties. August 6, ISOrt.
TK. WM. CAMPBELL, offers bis professional
JJ aervices to the citizens ot ilushannon and vi
cinitv. He can be consulted at his residence at
all times, unle-. absent uc professional business
Mohs.innon, Centre o.. Fa., May 13, I6u4.
"TT.I. ALBERT A BRO'S, DaaleTs in DryGood3,
If Groceries, Hardware. Oueensware, Flour,
iJacnn. etc.. oodlani. Clearfield countv. Penn a
i. extensive dealers in all kinds of sawed lum-
"er. thinglcs, and so uare timber. Orders sulioi
fd. Woodland, Aug. 19th. 1S6.".
rplIO.MAS J. MXCLLOC'GH, Attorney at Law
X Clt-arfield. Pa. Office, east of the -Clearfield
c... Eank. Deeds and other legal instruments pre;
pared with promptness and accuracy. July 3.'
i). ti. bcsh. :::::::: t.j.x ccLLoiea
BCSH A MTULLOUGII S
Coi.lkctios OrricB. Clkarficld, Pkks'a.
DR. LITCII'S MEDICI-N ES. Afresh sup
ply of these invaluabl Family Medicines
ar for sale by M. A. Frank. CleaHLeld, consisting
ot Pain Curer; Jle.ttorative, a great care for colds
and cough; and Anti-Biltov Physic. They hay
oeen thoroughly tested in this community, and
are highly approved. Try them.
lYEW WATCH k J EWELR V STORE.-
i. 1 The undersigned having locntcd in the bor
ough of Clearfield, -at the shop formerly occupied
by K Welch as a jewelry shop.) is prepared to
uo work of all kinds an the mwt reasonable terms.
The caxh will positively be expected when the
rk is delivered. K is confident that he can
iiot be excelled by any rorkincn in town orcounty.
Come one ! rome all to the Sig flhe DiiS Walth.
April 9. 62-ly-pd. . H. LACCllLIN.
1 ICTIONEER. The undersigned having
- oeen Licensed an Auctioneer, woul auioria
!ie citizens of Clearfield couny that he will at
nd to calling sales, in any part of the county,
benverealJed upon. Charges moderate
Address, JOHN M QUILKIN.
May 13 Bower Po., Clearfield co., Pa.
V B. Persons calling sales without a proper li
Tcse are subject to a penalty of 560, which pro
vision will be enforced against those who may vi
olate the me.
l?rLKLEYS PATENT LUMBER DRIED
V bY SUPERHEATED STEAM. The under-
gned rflipeetfully informs tfe people of Clear
nd adjoining counties that he has the agen
CJ of the above patent and will soli individual,
want? or township rights for ita us-e. The lm
r dried by this process is stronger, finishes bet
'r! is easier on tools, and requires less time in
frying than any other process known, drying 1
'Mn lumber perfectly in 33 hours better than
"any months under the old system using the
me sniount offset per day that a common kiln
coi"umel. The certificate of a number of resi
nt ehanics well known in this community is
. npiy sufficient to convince the most sceptical of
j ty' Peon aeeirous of purohasing rights
w"ddress JOHN L. COTTLE,
Jll. 1363. Cearfield. Penn".
MILLINERY & FANCY STORE.
MRS. II. D.WELSH,
RESPECTFULLY ANNOUNCES TO THE LA
h WES of Clearfield and vicinity that she
iiJ na opened a Millinery, Notion and Trim
'ZL "!ln6 "ore, on Second Street, next door to
ob ' L.anicn'8 Hotel, where she will be
Old V receive orders for either work or goods.
ad pi0-?';' md 0Ter into the ,atest Jfew York
eh,,v , e,Ph5a t'y'. on short notice. By pnr-
ing often she will always have on hand the
k a tyles of Dres Trimmings, Hats, Nu
wll .7.' Co,Uar- Sleeves, Ac, which she will
'm,le possible profit for cash. . -
'we.ld. Pa. Noy. 18 .1663.
Select iVctnu
BLACK EYES AND BLUE.
Black eyes most dazzle ,'n a hall ;
Blue eyes most plcese at evening fall.
The black a conquest soonest gain ;
The blue a conquest most retain.
The black bespeak a lively heart,
Whose soft emotions soon depart;
The blue a steadier flame betray,
That burns and lives beyond a day.
That black may features best disclose ;
In blue may feelings all repose.
Then let each reign without control
The black all mind the blue all socl'.
CTJBTrU'3 INAUGUEAL ADDEESS.
Delivered, Jan. 19, 1864.
iWotv-citizens of the Senate and Jlouse of
Representatives 7
Called by the partiality of my fellow-citizens
to the office of Governor of I'eniisylva
aia for another term, I appear before you to
solemnly renew the prescribed obligation to
support the Constitution of the United
States and the Constitution of the State of
Pennsylvania, and to discharge the respon
sible trust confided to me.with fidelity.
When first summoud before you, three
years ago, to asuiMe the sacred duties of the
'Executive office, the long gathering clouds
of civil war were about to break upon our
devoted country. For years treason has
been gathering in might had been appro
priating to its fiendish lust more and more
bountifully of the nation's honors had
grown steadily bolder in its assumption of
power until it had won the tolerance, if not
the sanction of a lormidable element of pop
ular strength even in the confessedly loyal
States. The election of a President in 1 St'-O,
in strict conformity with the Constitution
and the laws, though not the cause was
deemed the fit occasion for an organized at
tempt to overthrow the whole fabric of our
tree institutions, and plunge a nation of
thirty millions of people into hopeless an
archy. The grave offence charged against
the President elect, seemed alone to consist
in his avowed fidelity to the Government,
and his determined purpose to fulfil his sol
emn covenant to maintain inviolate the U
nion of States. When inaugurated, he
found States in open rebelliou, disclaiming
allegiance to the Government, fraudulently
appropriating its property and insolently,
contemning its authority. i
1 reason was struggling for supremacy in
Uuvery department ot administrative power.
In the Cabinet it lelomously disarmed us
our arsenals were robbed to enable the ar
mies of crime to drench a continent in fra
ternal blood our coasts were left compara
tively defenceless to fall an eay prey to trai-
tor-our navy was scattered upon distant
seas to render the Republic helpless for its
own protection officers, educated, commis
sioned and swern to defend the Government
against any foe. became -deserters, defied
Ifeav-ea in shameless perjury, and with frat
ricidal har.ds drew their swords agauist the
country of their allegiance, and whea trea
son had thus completed its preparations,
wanton, wicked war was forced upon our loy
al people,
.Never w-as war so causeless. The North
had sought mo sectional triumph, invaded
no rights, inflicted no wrongs upon the
South, It aimed to preserve the Republic,
not to licttroy it, and even when the rebel
lion presented the sword as the arbiter, we
exhausted every effort consistent with the
existence of our Government to -avert the
bloody drtiua c-f tte last three years. The
insolent alternative presented by treason of
fatal dismemberment or internecine war,
was met by generous efforts to avert the
storm of death wfcich threatened to fall ;
but the leaders of the rebellion spurned
peace, unless they could glut tfceir infernal
ambition over the ruins ot the noblest and
freest Government ever devised bv man.
Three vears of bloodv, wasting war, and
the horrible sacrifice of a quarter ef a million
lives attest the desperation of their purpose
to overthrow our liberties. Mourning and
sorrow spread- over the entire nation, and
defeat and desolation are the terrible tro
phies won by the traitor's hand. Our peo
ple have been sorely tried by disasters, but
iu the midst of the deepest gloom they have
stood with unfaltering devotion to the great
cause of our common country. Relying1 up
on the ultimate triumph of the right, they
hive proved themselves equal to the stern
duty, and worthy of their rich inheritance
of freedom. Their fidelity has been well
rewarded. In God's own good time, He
has asserted His avenging power; and if
this war is persisted in by the leaders of the
rebellion, as has become evident, then sla
very aoid treason, the fountain and stream of
discord and death, must soon share a com
mon grave.
In this great strucsrle tor our honored na-
tionalitv, Pennsylvania has won immortal
fame. Despite the teachings of the faith-
ess and the hesitation of tfce timid, she
has promptly and srenerously met everr de
mand made upon her, whether to repel in
vasion or to fight the battles of the Union
whenever and whereever her ioople were
demanded. Upon every field made historic
and sacred by the valor of our troops, some
of the martial youth of Pennsylvania have
fallen. There 13 scarcely a hospital that has
not been visited by our kind offices to the
sick and wounded, there is not a department
in which brave men do not answer with pride
to the name of our noble State, and while
history endures loyal hearts will turn with
feelings of national pride to Gettysburg,
where the common deliverance of Pennsyl
vania and the Union will stand recorded in
the unsuroassed glory of that bloody field.
1 need hardly renew my pledge, that du
ring the terra of office on which I am about
to enter, I will give my whole moral and
official power to the prosecution of this war,
and in aiding the National Government in
every effort to secure early and complete
success over our malignant toes. .
For the preservation of our national life,
all things should be subordinated. It is the
first, highest, noblest duty of the citizen
it is his protection in person, property, and
all civil and religious privileges, and for its
perpetuity in form and power, he owes all
his efforts, his influence, his means, and his
life. To compromise with treason, would
be to give it renewed existence, and enable
it agaiu to plunge us into another causeless
war.
In the destruction of the military power
of the rebellion is alone the hope of peace ;
for while armed rebels march over the soil
of any State, no real freedom can prevail,
and no governmental authority, consistent
with the genius of our free institutions, can
properly operate. -
The people of every State are entitled un
der the Constitution to the protection of the
Government, and to give that protection
fully and fairly, rebelion must be disarmed
and trodden iu the dust. By these means,
and these alone, can we have end aring union,
prosperity and peace. As in the past, I
will in the future, in faithful obedience to
the oath I have taken, spare no means, with
hold no power which can strengthen the
Government in this conflict. To the meas
ures of the citizens chosen to administer the
National Government adopted to promote
our great cause, I will give my cordial ap
proval and earnest co-operation. It is the
cause of constitutional liberty and law.
Powers which are essential to our common
safety should now be wisely and fearlessly
administered, and that Executive would be
faithless, and held guilty before the wcrld,
who should fail to wield the might of the
Government for its own preservation. The
details of my views on the measures which
I recommended are contained in my recent
annual message, and need not here be re
peated. I beg to return to the people of my native
State my hearty thanks for their unfaltering
support and continued confidence. They
have sustained me amid many trying hours
of official embarrassment. Among ail these
people, to none am 1 more indebted than to
the soldiers of Pennsylvania, and I here
pledge to those brave men my untiring ex
ertions in their behalf, and most anxious ef
forts for their future welfare, and I recom
mend here, as I have frequently done be
fore, those dependant upon them, to the
fostering care of the State,
I cannot olo.-e this address without an
earnest prayer to the Most High that He
will preserve, protect and guard onr beloved
country guiding with divine Power, and
wisdom, our Government, State and Na
tional, and I appeal to my fellow-citizens,
here and elsewhere, in our existing embar
rassments, to lay aside ail partisan feelings
and unite in a hearty and earnest effort to
support the h involves
the welfare of us all.
Gentlemen of the Senate and House of
Representatives, I pray to you in God's
name, let us, in this era in the history of the
world, ;t an example of uaitjT and concord
in the support of all measures for the pres
ervation of this great Republic.
Andkew It. CrRTI.V.
JOHN MIK0B B0TTS.
He
Declines a Seat in the U. S. Sentto
Tooms' Prophecy May be 1 ulfiUed.
In aisver to a letter from the Hon. G.
b. t.Ml'iil, treasurer ot the Virginia State
Government, to the Hon. John 31. Butts,
urging on behalt of Governor Piekpoxt his
acceptance ot the position ot Senator troia
that State, Mr. Borrs has written an elo
quent response declining the proffered hon
or, lie states that he is fullv aware of the
responsibility of a United States Senator ;
that the position is one which ought to satis
fy the aspirations of any moderate man, but
that he is compelled at present, by solemn
convictions of duty, to decline accepting any
office from either of the numerous govern
ments of A irginia. representing or profes
sing to represent that State. His unselfish
motives, he states, might be impugned, but
he nevertheless belives the time not far dis
tant when he may be able to aid iu healing
the bitter animosities of the two sections.
He charges the leaders of the Rebellion as
having, '"with miscalculation upon miscalcu
lation, and blunder upon blunder," brought
ruin and destruction upon the "old Mother
of States," and closes by saying that nei
ther w ar, nor want, nor suffering can last
forever, and that when the proper time ar
rives he believes he may be instrumental in
the work of Union and reconciliation. In a
conversation with Mr. Botts, he started that
never for a single instant during this war,
has doubted the final result. His opinion
of George B. McClellan is not at all
complimentary to that gentleman, tchom he
regards, if not positively disloyal at heart,
at least in the light of an ambitious aspirant
for undeserved h onors. Mr. BOTTS stated
that he belived that the -majority of the Rebel
army regarded McCleixan is being as tru
ly devoted to their interest as Robet E. Lee,
and that a man who would not, icheu his
name teas vsed in ccmnection with IAVIS,
Valaxpigham, Wood and othen of the
same political complexion, come out boldly
and disclaim theassociation, was totaly unfit
tobe commander of a Union army, Mr. Boits
says that , of all the promises made to the
Southern people by the leaders of Secession,
only one may possibly be fulfilled. The
promise refferred to is the one of Mr.
Toombs, of Georgia, who, it will be,remem
bered, said he would yet call the roll of his
slaves at the foot of Bunker Hill Monument.
Mr. Botts thinks that if President Lin
coln will collect the slaves of Mr. Toombs,
and permit him to visit theNorth, the proph
ecy may be fulfilled.
Gen. Anderson, who is quite feeble, is
living in New York. The physicians say
he will be no better. He says the flag low
ered at Sumpter was only, a email signal
flag.: He still has that and the reIar en-
ngn of the garnpon.
THE CALAMITY AT SANTIAGO.
Wiry the Victims Were- Not Saved Brutal
ocene on tne .Removal of the Dead.
The Providence Journal publishes a let
ter received by Mr. Wr. A. Pearce, of Provi
dence, from his father, resident in Santiago,
Chui, who witnessed the recent appallin
catastrophe by which more than two thou
sand human beings were burned to death.
It appears that the failure to rescue the un
fortunate victims was owing to the idiotic
police system of the Chilians. The writer
says :
I hear you asking, Why were those suff
erers not rescued .' 1 es, why were thev
not rescued r Aiy neart sickens within mo
at the question. Those determined, stupid
ignoramuses of policemen ! Fifty foreign
ers, had they been allowed to work, and to
work in their own way, could and would have
rescued nearly or quite the whole mass.
But no, as is always the case here on the a
larm of fire, the police place a sentry on every
avenue leading to the fire. They "have, as
you know, no fire engines except some two
or three old Gordon pumps. I fought my
way past the police one entire square, by
wresting guns and sabres from their hands,
knocking them out of my way, and bciag
knocked io return, until I was overpowered
by numbers and compelled to retreat, and
all within hearing of the most heart-rending
lamentations that ever sounded on human
ears. And nearly every foreigner fared sim
ilar to myself; was kept back. Mr. Demi
low, of the gas works, received a bayouet
wound at the tire while in the act of rescu
ing a young lady that he recognized, a Miss
Larren.
He had fought his wav in company with
one of the workmen at the gas works to the
church, and battered down a side or private
door and saw Miss Larren ; she at the same
time recognized him and called on him to save
her. He could not enter in consequence of a
sheet of flame between them. He reached
kis cane to her which she grasped with both
hands, when he and his friend attempted
to drag her through the flames, but she was
so surrounded and hemmed in with the dead
and dying, that her strength was not suffi
cient. Ihey abandoned this method and
went in pursuit of some other means to res
cue her, and returned again, and on present
ing themselves with the means ot saving her
at the door, the police ordered them back,
and not beetling the order, he (Demilow)
was bayoneted. Ilis friends wrested the
gun from the police, knocked him senseless
to the ground, and made a second attempt
to save the poor girl. But the time lost in
dispute with the police was a life lost with
her. This is only one of many similar
scenes.
Your brother Charles battered a door
down on Calle Bandera' or Flagg street, en
tered and found in a small anteroom some
thirty females and all living, but like so
many statues, perfectly unconcious. He
was compelled to take many of them in his
arms and cany them into the street, and
saved them all. M r. 3Ieiggs and Keith
fought their way through the police, and
reached the church at a late hour, and when
the tower was falling about them succeed
ed iu saving several. Mr. Meiggs saw
a woman still alive, under a crowd of others
then dead. She recognized him and called to
nim.saymg, lor uou s sate save me I He
pushed through the fire to her, and pushed
several of the dead from her, then attempt
ed to lift her out from among the dead, but
they wiere so firmly wedged in about her and
on her, he had to abandon that. He then
procured a lasso, fastened that about her
waist, and the united strength of eight men
could not extricate her from her companions,
1.1 11.1 1 ! 1
ana tney nad to leave ner, amid such cries
for help as no christian heart could endure,
neither can language describe.
The police had full charge of the front of
tne church, and m such force that the for
eigners could do nothing there. The police
rescued but a few. Axes and crow-bars
were not to be had unf.il a late hour. A sin
gle instance will suffice to show the stupidi
ty of the police. An officer of the police" set-i
some hair dozen ot his men to hew or batter
down one of these large front doors 'with
their eld broad swords. The doors are
made of two inch hard wood, double thick
ness, and rivitcd through and through with
iron rivets. You can judge the effect their
old cutlasses made on the doors better than
I can describe it.
The scene at tlie church the following day
was trie most revolting, heart-distressing
that ever was witnessed since the world was
created. There were the poor unfortunate
in all stages of consumption, the greater
portion of them naked. But a few could be
recognized bv their surviving friends. The
police ordered on the peones, or laborers,
to remove the dead. Those demons, worse
than devils damned, commenced their work
with as much hilarity as you eversaw school
children enter on some pleasure excursion.
The dead were pulled about and pulled a
part as one would pull apart tangled brush
wood. You could see two or more persons
pulling on a limb of some one buried under
the others, until the limb was pulled from
the body. Then they would have a peon
rejoice and howl ot exultation, and com
mence at another. , The dead were actually
separated with crowbars and pick. Limbs,
head and fragments were shoveled into carts
with no more feeling than Irish laborers
would have in shoveling gravel into a rail
way car.
Hundreds of bodies, but partially burned,
entirely naked, were tumbled into open carts
and packed up in the cemetery in one pro
miscous heap, without even the covering
of a bundle of straw or bullrush, and hun
dreds of those heartless wretches comment
ing and joking . on the scene, and all under
the supervision of the police. I have seen
within the past ten years here among . these
people many things that were to me very
unpleasant. But this is so horrifying to
the soul that I cannot find language to ex
press my disgust of them.
Twenty-two hundred bodies have been
counted out from the ruins, and it is sup
posed many were burned entirely up. The
Iirevailing opinion is the number of lives
ost will reach twenty-five hundred. The
count and names collected to date amount to
some fifteen hundred. Many families have
lost the entire female members six, seven,
eight and nine from one family. All those
that couhl not be recognized by theirsurviv
ing friends are now buried in one grave or
hole. A place twenty-five yards square
was excavated, and into this they were, laid
or tumbled and shoveled.
STATE TEEASUEEE'S EEP0ET.
.We have received a copy of the report of
Mr. McGrath, the State treasurer. After
showing the financial condition of the State
Treasury, which has already been given in
the Governor's message, he says :
The subject of the payment of the interest
on the public debt of the State is one which,
from its importance, ought to receive your
early and earnest attention.
For the last two years, and including the
amount due on the 1st instant, the interest
has been paid in specie or its equivalent,
through means furnished by the banks of
the Commonwealth. In 18(i2, under the
act of April 11th of that year, they were re
quired to pay into the Treasury their ratea
ble proportion of such premium for gold, or
its equivalent, as had been actual!' jwiid by
the fcrate. uring the last year, under the
provisions of the act of June 30th, 1SG3,
they were required to exchange with the
Commonwealth a sufficient amount of coin
for currenc,v to pay the interest on the State
debt ; and the State Sreasurer was author
ized to issue to them specie certificates of
exchauge, not transferable, pledging the
faith of the State to return said coin and re
exchange for notes current at that time, on
or before the first Monday of March, 1864,
said certificate to boar interest at the rate of
per cent, per annum.
Under the provisions of this act
Commonwealth has exchanged with
banks currency for coin, amounting to
968, 484 "37, the interest on which, due
the
the
SI,
the
banks on the 1st of March, 1862, will amount
to $41,040 15. To return this amount iu
coin at the present market rate for gold,
151 J. will cost the State $1,013.986 06,
which with the interest thereon, $l,0f5,
026 21. This the Commnnweilth has pledg
ed her faith to pay on the 1st of March next
If it be determined to keep faith with the
holders of the loans, by paying the interest
on the public, debt in specie or its equivalent
and the banks were Ireeu Irom sunuar calls
I do not doubt, from the disposition they
have manifested to aid in maintaining the
credit of the Commonwealth, that they wil
be willing to relieve her from the repayment
ot their com for the next vear, it prompt
steps be taken to provide the means for their
reimbursements at an early period. But to
continue longer this system of compelliD?
the banks alone to furnish coin for the inter
est on the pubnc debt, is I thmk, aski
T.I 1 1 .
more tnan they can bear, ana more tnau
they can be expected to do. Holding thi?
opinion, and desiring to obtain lor your
honorable bodies all the information I could
get on the subject, I last mouth addressed
a circular to the bauksof the Commonwealth
inquiring whether, under the terms of the
existing acts, tney couia oe reuea on to lur-
nish specie or its equivalent, for the pay
ment ot the interest ot tne next year.
Some of the banks that have replied deem
it unjust to their stockholders longer to con
tinue this system of exchanging coin for cur
rency, and therefore decline doing so. Oth
crs are willing to continue the system if con
curred in by all the banks, and required
by the State ; but all agree as to the impolicy
and ltnustice ot singling out a particular m
terest in the State to bear all the burden of
doing that which interests the whole people.
They claim that, as they furnish an annual
revenue to the I reasury of over three hun
dred thousand dollars, and are now being
brought into competition with another svs
tern of banking exempt from a large share
of the taxation imposed upon them, it ought
to be the disposition of the State rather to
relieve than impose additional burdens upon
them. . .
It is evident, therefore, from . all the
information that he had, that the State must
look elsewhere for the purpose of maintain
ing her credit. And isitnot the duty of her
people, in view of her heretofore well settled
policy, to make some sacrifices in order to
accomplish it? ,
1 he subject was very ably argued bv my
predecessor in his report to the Legislature
last winter; and fully concurring in his
views, 1 take the liberty ot quoting two or
three of the very pertinent questions there
in put-
He says : 'The question generally asked
m discussing this suoject is, can tne ftate
arford to pay this large difference between
currency and specie in the payment of her
interest? Ought not the question rather to
lie, can she afford not to do it? "Will not
the credit of the State suffer materially if
she refuses to do it? Is her credit of no
value to, her and her citizens? Is the
State so stronga nd powerful, so above any
liability of future want, that she can ex
ercise her power irrespective of any effect
her action may have upon her credit?
This State, by the act of June 12th, 1840,
appropriated a sufficient sum to reimburse
her loan holders for the difference in value
between specie and the currency in which
they had previously been paid, and then
solemnly declared "that hearafter the inter
est falling due on Pennsylvania stocks shall
always be paid in specie or its equivalent. ' '
This is the law to-day, and for its observ
ance, and the maintenance of the present
good name of the Commonwealth, no effort
or sacrifice ought to be spared. . . '
The General Government pays the inter
est on its debt in specie, and New York
partially so ; though the system she has
adopted of driminating in favor of her
foreign creditors I think unjust
Some of the States that pay in currency
contracted their debts since the suspension
of specie payments, and therefore borrowed
currency ; but Pennsylvania borrowed mon
ey from her creditors, and she ought to pay
them in mon-y .
Let us therefore so act now that, in the
future, it may be the boast of our honored
old Commonwealth that amid all the trials
of this eventful eriod of. the nation's his
tory, she faithfully performed her whole du
ty, and came out of the ordeal with unsul
lied honor. . . .
In another portion of this report the dis
continuance by the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company of the collection of the State tax
from the bondholders is referred to. This ia
the only company in the State that ever
performed that duty, and as I am unable to
find any law imposing it ujmju them, I pre
sume, of course, it was done voluntarily.
It is a fact well known, that a very large
portion ef the personal property in the State
escapes taxation altogether, either through
the neglect of assessors or the failure of the
owners to report to thein. And it is there
fore surprising that the easy and effective
mode of securing the largerevenue due the
Commonwealth for taxes on the bonds of
corporations, by requiring the cornorationa
to collect the tax and return it to the Treas
ury, has not before this been provided for
by law.
I beg leave, therefore, respectfully to urge
the passage of an act authorizing and di
recting railroad corporations, at the time of
paying the interest on their bonds, to de
duct from the amount due the holders there
of the tax due to the Commonwealth in the
sameroannpr that treasurers of municipal
corporations are by the act of April 29th,
1814, now required to do.
By the report of the Auditor General, last
year, the funded debt of the railroad coni-
fianies alone is stated at sevnty-soven mil
ions of dollars. A very large proportion of
which, even exclusive ot' the amount held
by nonresidents, escapes taxation. It must
be evident, therefore, that t&c enactment
of such a law as I have alluded to will pro
duce a very largely increased revenue.
The act of April 16, 1862. and the sup
plement thereto, of .April 22, 1863, for the
pay and expenses of Pennsylvania Volun
teers, provided that these claims should be
paid out of the "war loan" of $3,000,000
authorized by the act of 15th May, 1861,
and li tbat were insufficient, then outof any
other money in the Treasury not otherwise
appropriated
The "'war lonn"1 is now exhausted, and as
these. claims, it is supposed, will amount to "
nearly ;?2,QOO:000. it will be seen that they
cannot !e paid out of the ordinary receipts
of the Treasury in any rsasonaf'le time..
When it is rememltered that all the income,
of the S tate, except the tax of 2 J mills on
real and personal froperty, is appropriated
to the Sinking Fund, and the Commission
ers of the Sinking Fund are authorized to
transfer froin the general fund an amount
sufficient to pay the interests, and redeem a
Eortion of the public debt annually, it will
e apparent that pome other means will have
to be provided for the payment of these
claims
Gen. Grant as a Farmer.
1 he editor of the Milwaukee Wisconsin.
writes to that paper from St. Louis :
' I have been profoundly interested in
studying the history of" Gen. Grant while a
resident of this city and county. Six years
ago Gen. Grant occupied a little farm to
the southwest of St. Louis, whence he was
in the habit of cutting the wood and draw
ing it to Carondelet and selling it in the
market there. Many of his wood purchas
ers now calling to mind that they had a
cord of wood delivered in person by Gen.
Grant. When he came into the wood mar
ket he was usually dressed in an old felt hat,
with a blouse coat, and his pants tucked in
the tops of his boots. In truth, he bore
the appearance of a stu-idyand honest wood
man, lhis was his winter s work. In the
Fuir.mer he turned a collector of debts but
for this he was not qualified. He had a no
ble and truthful soul so when he was told
that the debtor nad no money, he .believed
him.and would not trouble the debtor again.
One of the leading merchants of St. Louis
mentioned the circumstance to jne. . From
all I can learn of his history here he was an
honest, truthful, indefatigable always at
work at something, but did not possess the
knack of making money. He was honorable.
lor ne aiwavs repaid Dorrowea money. iis
habits of life were hardy, inexpensive and
simple. About Lis. being an, inebriate, I
find nothing toconfirm it. On a cold dav.
when he brought a load of wood to the Car
andolet market he would take something to
keep himself warm. Thus, so far as I can
trace, is the foundation of manv renorts of
his inebriety.
The Cold Snap South. During the
cold .term early in January, ice formed on
ronds iri the viciritv of Xat'Kz. Misn..
from six to eight inches iri thickness A
letter frohi Beaufort, S. C. , says :
"New Year's night here was terribly cold
so severe that three negrces; exiKised to
the elements, were frozen to death ! One
of these victims sat -down oh the wharf be
hind a barrel, and was found stark and dead
in the morning. The two others were little
children, and perished in their mother's
arms while in a skiff crossing the Port Roy
al River. "Such was New Year's night,
1864, in South Carolina a tropical domain
with Arctic adjuncts. Good skating was
enjoyed on St. Helena Island three days ago,
and if ice houses were here they might have
been filled on Morns and roily Islands a
week since. Ie the North pole floarinz dowa
thif way?'' . ,