BY S. J. KOW.
CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 30, 1863.
VOL. 10.-NO. 18.
TERMS OF TI1K JOUR.NAI.
The Raptma-n? Journal is published on 'Wed
nesday at 51. aO per annum in advance Auvf.r
tisf.hents iuytrted at SI. (HI por square, for three
or lessinsertiona Twelve linen (or less', counting 3
jijuare. For every additional insertion 25 cenU.
A deduction will bo made to yearly advertisers.
PEOTESSIONALft BUSINESS CAED
-r RVIN BROTHERS. Dealers in Square A Sawed
L I.umoer, Drj Goods, Groceries. Flour. Orain,
Ac . 4c Hurnide Pa., Sept. 23.1853.
REDERICK LEITZIXGER. Manufacturer of
. 11 kinds of Stone-ware. Clearfield. Pa. Or
ders solicited wholesale or retiiil. Jan. 1, 1S53
( 1KAXS A BARRETT, Attorteys at Law, Clear
l j field. Pa. May 13. 1S.63.
l. J. craxs. :::::: Walter Barrett. .
ROBERT J. WALLACE. Attorney at Law. Clear
field. Pa Office in Shaw's new row. Market
street, opposite Xaogle's jewelry store. May 23.
HF. NAl'GLE. AVatch and Clock Maker, and
. dealer in Watches, Jewelry, 4c. Room in
Graham's row, Market street. , Nov. 10.
"ClODDKU C I'TTERS of a superior make
JL for saU at reasonable prices, at MEtlKELL
and BIGLEK'S. ClearCeld, Pa.
ALT! SALT!! SALT!!! A prime arti
1 cle of ground alum twit, put up in patent
saKg, at JJ.-j per suck,
Xovemrier 27.
at the cheap cash store of
K. MOSSOP.
JOUR WANTED. A good sober, industri
ous journeyman. Cabinet maker, can find con
stant employment, at
soon to
Sept. 16. 1S63.
JOHN GUELTC
Clearfield
applying
1J. -
Pa.
LJTKAV BULL Came
premises of the subscriber
tresspassing on the
r in Chest townshiD.
about the 16th of November last, a bull, one vear
oia. past, wun a wnite stripe along the back, strip
ed sides, blotchy face and short horns ; the own
er is requested to come forward, prove property,
pay charges and take him away or he will be sold
as the law directs. A. T. BOWERS
HBUCHER SWOOPE. Attorney at Law. Clear
. Cel l. Pa. Offiet in Graham's Row, fourdoo s
west -.f Graham 4 Boynton's store. Nov. 10.
I P. KRAT7.ER Merchant, and dealer in
J . Board and Shingles, Grain and Produce.
Front St. above the Academy. Clearfield. Pa. jl2
"7"ALLACn X HALL, Attorneys at Law. Clear-
field, Ia5 December 17. 136:!.
-s ii.liah a. Wallace. :::::::: joiis g. hall.
11 A Fr.EMMTXG. CnrwenaviTe. Pa.. Xurpery-
. man and Dealer in all kinds of Fruit and
Crna.-nental Trees. Plants ud Shrubbery All or
tifr by mail promptly attended to. May 13.
AITILLIAM F.IRW IX. Market street, Clearfield,
Pa., Dealer in Foreign an I Domestic Mer
chandise. Hardware, Queeuiwuxe, Groceries, and
family articles generally. Xov. 10.
OHN' Gl'ELICH. Manufacturer of all kindi of
Cabinet-ware, Market street. Clearfield, Pa.
ite alsomakes toordcr CotSns. on short notice, and
attends funerals with a hearse. Aprl0,'o9.
J
LOST. A woolen Carpet sack, somewhere, be
tween Salona. Clinton county, and Curwens
ville, on the 7th or 8th of November supposed to
be lost between Philipsburg and Curwensvillc.
The sack contained a valuable black shawl and
a number of other articles. The finder will be
liberally rewarded by leaving the same at the
Journal oflice. or at Dr. Foster's in Philipsburg.
(Nov. 2-. !S.i3-pd ) MARY MeXAUL.
A UCTIO.NEER. The undersigned having
j- been Licensed an Auctioneer, would inform
the citiiens of Clearfield county that he will at
tend to calling sales, in any part of the county,
whenever called npon. Charges moderate
Address, JOHN M QUILKIN.
May 13 Bower Po., Clearfield co., Pa.
N. B. Persons calling sales without a proper li
cense are rrject to a penalty of S50, which pro
vision will be enforced against those who may vi
olate the same.
Select 3?octnu
rpfTE ESTATE O
JL USC, DELTA
and
rtt. M. WOODS. PitrTiriNo Phvsicias.
J Examining Surgeon for Pensions.
I'tiiee. Sonth-weit corner of SiTind and Cherry
-treet. Clearfield. Pa. January 21. l6:i.
SHAW. M. D., haa resumed the prac
!Q of Medicine and Sunrervin Shawsvillc,
Penn a. where he still respectfully solicits a con
tinuance of public patronage. May 27, 1:63.
B MT.XLL"T, Attorney at Law. Clearfield,
P:. I'r.i'tices in Clearfield and adjoining
cuuntirs. u;t,ee:n new bnek huiuung fi 4. Boyn
ton. 2d stre'.t, ona door south of Lanich's Hotel.
J ICll.UtD MOSSOP. Dealer in Foreign and Do
l iiie-'tie Dry Good3, Oroceries. Flour, Bacon,
Liquors, 4c. Room, on Market street, a few doora
ve.rt of Journal Ojfi'c, Clearfield, Pa." Apr27.
v w.-s
1 enn
Ttnur
J.
F BE.JAML Y1NG-
ASED:
Cl,trJirld County, ss: In the matter of
( -tr J ,no appraisement of Real Estate of
VTpCV' Benjiimin Yingling, deceased, setting
out to the widow $:SitO. her claim was on the 2stli
day or September 1S63 read and confirmed Ni Si
and ordered that pnblieation be made in one
newspaper published in said County notifying all
persons interested that unless exceptions nre filed
on or before the first day of next term will be con
firmed absolutely. By the Court.
Nov. IS. IS63. I. G. BARGER. Clerk of O. C.
RIDING IS A SLEIGH.
Gliding down the hillsides,
O'er the frosty snow
Sliding through the valleys,
Jingling as we go
liappj voices joining
In a noisy lay ;
Bless me, how delightful
Riding in a sleigh.
Girl whom you invited
Is certain she shall freeze ;
Nestles closer to you.
Gives your arm a squeeze ;
Hints at old school friendships,
As any maiden may
Says it's very pleasant
Riding in a sleigh.
Driver gets excited,
Thinks he's very smait
Snaps the whip a little.
Gives the nags a start.
Girls and gallants mixing,
In an awkward way;
Bless me, how delightful
Riding in a sleigh !
Round the corner rushing,
At a speed too rash,
Suddenly upsetting.
With a horrid crash ;
In a snow bed tumbled,
All the lovers lay
Ha! ha! how beautiful
Riding in a sleigh.
Beavers sadly battered.
Hoop-skirts all awry '.
Some o' the girls a lailghing,
Others want to cry ;
Careless driver swearing,
Says the deuce's to pay ;
Sever ''dumped' a load before,
Riding in a sleigh.
Matters once more righted,
Jingling on we go.
Through the woods and meadow.,
O'er the frosty snow.
Jingling, laughing, kissing,.
Ail the merry way ;
Bless me, isit it pleasant
Riding in a sleigh !
PllE ESTATE
L DECEASE!;
OF ISAAC KLINE,
ClearfitJdCon7itif.it: In the mat
ter ot the Estate of Isaac Kline,
deceased, the aDDrai.seinent nf th
Personal Estate of said deceased, set out to the
widow tin her claim of SSOii. was on the 2d day of
November 1863, read and confirmed Ni Si and the
Court ordered thai publication be made in one
newspaper published in said County notifying all
persons interested that unless exception are tiled
on or before the first day of the next terra the
same wiil be confirmed absolutely. By the Court
Nov. 2"j. lSrJ3. I. G BARGEK. Clerk of O. C.
milOMPSOX. 4 WATSC
1 Saw LofCi. Boards and '
ON. Dealers in Tifiiber
ihiugles, Marvsville.
v iearnelt eounty, renn a August II,-1 So3.
i. u . raosrsos : : : : : r.. watsos.
JARRLMER A TEST, Attorneys at Law.Clear
J field. Pa. Will attend promptly to all legal
uid other business entrusted to their eare in Clear
tfeij and adjoining counties. August ft. I8j6.
JAS H. LAKRIMEK. UBABL TEST.
I K. VM. CAM PBELL. olferg hia professional
J ) services to the citizen.' of Mo-dianuon and vi-i-iiiiry.
He can be eonsnlted at hi residence at
times, unless absent on professional business.
.M-'.-h uiijoii. Centre co.. Pj.. May 13, 1S,3.
ATM ALBERT 4 BKO'S. De-iler in Dry Goods.
Orverie. llardwnrj. t'ueenfware. Flour,
Baeun. etc.. Woodlan-I. Cle.ir ft?ld county. Penn'a.
Al;o. extensive dealers in nil kiuds of sawed Ium-
'tinglfj. aua sau.-.re ti rarer. Orders solici
I 1 of the Eeta
deceased, t!
ffIIE ESTATE OF DAX'L 31. WEAVER
X DECEASED:
'oitHtu. : In the matter
tate of Daniel M. Weaver
the annrnoapmfknf- rf tt,
tersonal hstate of said deceased, sot out to the
widow on her Claim of S3u0. was on the 2d of
October IS3. read and confirmed Ni Si and or
dered that pulriu-ation be made in one news
paper published in s.iid County notifying all per
sons interested that uijess exceptions are filed on
or before the first dny of next term the same will
be eonfirmed absolute'v. Bv the Court
Nov. 2. iVff-! I.GRA.RGF.R, Clerk tf O. C.
Tod.
Vv'oodlanl. Aug ly;h. ISG3.
rpiIOMAS J. M CCLLOUGIi. Attorney ;
L Cleaifield. Pa. Office, esst of the ' CI
at Law.
tiJI.E. l(?elI (kn.l ftt h r 1 inatrn tn.n ta nea.
pared ith promptness and accuracy. July 3.
I'- 'i Br-R. :::::::: T..x'cCLLofGU
Bi SH 4 M ct'LLorairs
.ULLC' T!OS I'FFICB. CLKARFJKLn. l EVN A.
riHIE ESTATE OF FREDERICK FISH-
- I K, DECEASED:
f ii v rd Coin.ty. r.i : In the matter of
I. ji-J J tIlc ppraiemcnt of the Fleal Estate of
, o rretlerick risber.deecascd. netting out
to He widow 5300, her claim was on the 30th of
- epttinber lat"3 read and cnnGrmed Xi Si and or
dered by the Court that publication be made in
yne uew. paper published in said County notify
ing s!l persons interested that unleM exceptions
u.e.i on or oetore tne 1st day of next term will
"unormti absolutely. By the Court
Vvj8. lsp.t I. p. BARGER. Cierkof O C.
'lillE ESTATE OF JOHN IU'RtiU-
"X.K, DECEASED :
Ctetrrird County. t : In the matter of
Zy , the appraisement of the Real Estate of
, J - John Bnrgnnder.deceased, setting ont
w tte widow 300. her claim wan on the 30th of
fp. ember read and confirmed Ni Si and ordered
ni.- t V - r. . . ..... .
i ' -ouri icat pnDiication oe made in one
':e?paper published in said County notifying all
persons interested that unless exceptions are filed
n or before the first day of next term will be cou-
"'u aD5oiut-ly. 15v the Court.
NoyH isiZ. I. G. BARKER. Clerk of O.C.
REGISTER'S NOTICE. Xotiee is hereby
iaoi:aed and parsed by me, and remain filed of
f'-orj in tlii office for the inspection of heirs,
a ees.creditors.and all others in any other way
,7""lt"! nd will be presented to the next Or-
. -U3LS- tourt of Clearfield county, to be held at
.uttTt Uonsr, in the Borough of Clearfield,
unnenoir.g on the Second Monday of January.
i'jr c-onnrmation and allowance
ri'e partial accounts! J L. Reams and George
txecntors ot tne last will and testa-
;ntor Abraham Reams. late of Lawrence town-lp-
Clearfield county. Penn'a. deceased.
The
onnt of Joseph Fiscus. administrators of
' nu singular the goods and chattels, rights
.credits, which were of Jacob Fisher, late of
""'iwara township. Clearfield count, Penn'a,
The account of Pamoo! P.nfc P Whit
stTi010 of the ,ast w 1 testament of Peter
eai-d wwnstwPi Clearfield county, Penn'
t... "al aeoountof Andrew Pentz. ndmtistra-
r;ir'r.. ,and ic;;i'ar the goods and chattels,
ltr p f11 which were of Adam Emerick,
ieeai. i 7 wwnsftip. Clearfield eounty Penn a,
Jte final account of "William Eishel. adminia-
iib, . i nJ ingn1' tne goods and chattels,
Mm. ro JIla which were of George Scbuck
M1 Jy townshiP Clearfield county, Pa.,
CaaI account of Jame Wriolo ,lm
f'iit snV1 an.intt!' n Kol nd chattels,
'ueof ol wl"cl1 were or JUosck Aorris,
ea. townbP- Clearfield county. Penn'a,
Oe.r? m r," ISAIAH O BARGER,
'""el-i. Bee. 9. 1643 R.-gister.
U.S.5-20'S,
Titr. Sr.fitKTAitv or thk Treascrt has not yet
given notice ot any intention to withdraw this
popular Loan from le at Par. and until ten
days notice is giveu, the undersigned, as--Gi;F.R
al .-rusrniFTiON- agkst." will continue to supply
the public. J
The whole amount of the Li.an authorized it
Five Hundred Millions of Dollars Nbarlv Focit
IICNDBEP MrLHONS HAVE DEFT ALREABT SPBJSCRI
BRD FOR AND PAID INTO THE TdtAWRT. mostly
within the last seven months. The large demand
from abroad, and the rapidly increasing borne
demand for use as the basis for circulation by
National Banking Associations now organizing in
an parts ot tne country, will, in a very short
period, absorb the balance. Sales have lately
ru-;evi i roiu leu 10 niieen minions weekly, fre
quently exceeding three millions daily, and as it
is well known that the Secretary of the Treasury
has ample and unfailing resources in the Dutie
on Imports and Internal Revenues, and in the is
sue of the Interest bearing Legal Tender Trea,
sury Notes, it is almost a certainty that he will
not find it necessary, for a long time to come, to
seek a market for any other long or permanent
Loans, toe interest avi principal or which arc
PAYABLE IS COI.U.
Prudence and self interest must force the minds
of those contemplating the formation of National
Banking Associations, as well as the minds of all
who have idle money on their hands, to the
prompt conclusion that they should lose no time
in subscribing to this most popular Loan. It will
soon be beyond their reach, and advance to a
handsome premium, as was the result with tba
Seven Thirty" Loan, when it was all sold and
could no longer be subscribed for at par.
IT 13 A MX PER LEST iOAN THE iXTEP.EST AXD
PRINCIPAL PAYABLE IX IOIN. THUS TIEI.DINO. OVER
Nise per Ce.nt fee Axxrx at the present rate of
premium on com.
Abe Government reouires all duties on imoarts
to be paid i n Coin ; these duties have for a long
time past amounted to over a Quarterof a Million
of Dollars daily, a sum nearly three times greater
than tnat required in the payment of the interest
oa all the 5-20'g and other permanent Loans. So
that it is hoped that the surplus Coin in the Trea
sury, at no distant day, will enable the Lnited
States to resume specie payments upon all liabilities.
The Loin is called 5-20 from the fact that whilst
the Bonds may run for 20 years, yet the Govern
ment has a right to pay them off in Gold at par,
at any time after 5 years.
The Interest is paid half-tearlt. viz : on the
first days of November and May.
Subscribers can have Coupon Bonds, which are
payable to bearer, and are SiO, S100, $500, and
S1000; or Registered Bonds of same denomina
tions, and in addition, S5000, and 510,000. For
Backing purposes and for investments of Trust
monies jthe Registered Bonds are preferable.
inese s cannot be taxed by states, cities.
towns or counties, and the Government tax on
them is only one-and-a-half per cent, on the a-
mountof ineome. when the income of the holder
exceeds Six Hundred dollars per annum ; all other
investments, such as income from Mortgages,
Railroad Steok and Bonds, etc., must pay from
three to five per cent tax on the income.
Banks and Bankers throngnout the Country
will continue to dispose of the Bonds; and all
orders by mail.orotherwise, promptly attended to.
The inconvenience or a few-days' delay in the
delivery of the Bonds is unavoidable, thedemand
being so great ; but as interest commences from
the day of subscription, no loss is occasioned, and
every enort is being made to dirainisn tne delay.
JAI tiUUKE. subscription Agent.
. . 114 South Third Street. Philadelphia.
Philadelphia; November 25, 163.
WHAT WE EAT AJJD DEINX.
There may have been a time when names
were things, but it there ever was such a
golden era it has long since passed away.
sanies, now-a-days, are but too often "false
tokens" that, like the predictions of the
witclies in .Macbeth, "keep the word of
promise to the ear, to break it to the hope."
Adulteration,forexampIe,hasmalethe whole
nonienclatureof trade little ' better than a
series ot downneht hbs. To tWin wirli
bread. The lexicographers will tell you that
it io a cuiiiposiuon oi nour, yeast and water,
baked in an oven, -liut submit your baker's
ureau to an analytic chemist, and he will find
alum, potatoes, Indian meal, and perhaps a
little planter ot'paris in it. Let him dissect
your port-wme, and he will give as the re
suit, decoction ot leg-wood, cider, elderber
ryjuice, pure spirit and essence of Cogniac
iiuiu)uur;iarei ne will produce vou crvs-
tais oi sugar oi lead, a deadly poison put in
to it to correct the acidity ; and from j-our
gin and brandy, if you are mad enough to
drink such fluids I'lenty of terpentine, cay
enne, and perchance a trine ut strychnine
and blue vitriol. It you are a teetotaler,
u;u j ui; iW eui e max your tea auucoiree are
the article their names' import. The tea
may have been used before, and reeurled and
rctinted with the aid ot heat and metalie ox
ides. As to thecoftee, it it is only half rye,
chicory and beans, you are well otf. Choice
Jlavauas now come principally from Con
necticut, and are made sometimes of the
horrible tobacco grown there, and sometimes
ot cabbage leaves liberally peppered, and
spotted with acids to give them a Cuban ap
pearance.
One would think that Adulteration miirht
keep its pernicious hngers out of our physic
liit no, it dabbles them m our castor oil.
blue pill, Jalap, rhubarb and ipecac, so that
alter having been sickened with deteriorated
food and drink, we are liable to be poisoned
wun irauuuient medicines.
oureiy trade was never more unconscien
tious than at the present day. Ask the la
dies now much wool there
A MUSKET0 ST0EY.
The musketoes down on the Mississippi
rfVer are supposed to be rather large, and
tolerably ferocious. I am not prepared to
believe the story of the man who came to
look for his cow one day, and found the
skeleton on the ground and a large musketo
on an adjacent tree tucking his teeth with
one of the horns, liut I will say that it
would take a man gifted with considerable
imagmation to exaggerate the prowess of
those Southern swamp musketoes. We
were discussing one night in a hotel in New
Urleans, when one gentleman of the paaty
told the following anecdote :
. "There was ouec a man in the city who
insisted on it that he was musketo-proof,
and who offered . to lie down in the worst
place that could be found and let muske
toes bite him for an hour for $10. .My
friend hearing him make the proposition
took him at his word, and with wvoml nth.
ers, they both started off for a nice niarshv
p ace between the town and Lake IWh.-ir-
tram a regular musketo naradisn. mrcl
on the ground the musketo chap took off his
shirt and coat, and lay down on his face.
J he insects came down in crowds, lighted on
uis oath., ana oiting commenced. If the
man scratched he would loose his ten dollars ;
even squirming was prohibited. But he
stood it like a Trojan ; didn't give utterance
to a single grunt. Half an hour passed.
Ihe ground all around was covered with
gorged musketoe, who sucked until they
were as drunk as judges, and were stagger
ing about in a most discreditable strle?" A
quarter of an hour ensued ; more intoxicated
suckers, and the man as unmoved and in
different as a log. Suddenly one of the
gentleman took two or three stron? puff-; at
his cigar, and then chucked it on "the mus
keto chap's back. First he winced, the he
squirmed, then he yelled and scrambled un.
1 have come across a considerale number
ot musquitocs in my life," he remarked,
scratching with one hand and work-in into
his shirt at the same time, 'but L assure you
gentlemen. I never seen a musketo like that
before. He wasn't much to hum, gentle
men,' he continued ; ;but when it come to
biting, that musquitowas a snorter."
''He lost his ten dollars and went home
grumbling that when he made 'ar bet he
hadn't, calculated on no bumble bees bein'
smuggled in."
is
con-
- How the President got rid of a Bore. i
Mr. Lincoln had been greatly liored
by visitors of late, notwithstanding hi n
disiiosition. The Hon. Mr. Rlowhard nrl
the Hon. Mr. Doolittle have been calling
Upon his KxcclIeilCV to ennrTatnhirA him n
his message and his proclamation; gentle
men in the humble walks of civil life have
been here for the first tiine and
leave without seeing the sueessor of George
asumirioi : nersons with axes to mm
uvve insisted upon a li tie aid from the
great American rail-splitter; and between
them all they have eriven our coiivalesennt.
Chief Magistrate very little leisure or iea.'r
of mind. An individual whom tlx roi.
dent knew to.be a very' tedious sort of custo
mer, called at the White House a day or
two ago, and insisted upo.a an interview, j
Just as he had taken his seat. Mr. Lincoln
sent, tor a nhvsician. who lmmediatplv md.
his amearanee.'
"Doctor." said he hold
.1 ,1M '
Hat are inose marxs ;
"That's varioloid, or mild
said the doctor.
"1 hey 're all over me !
1 believe ? said Mr. Lincoln-
Very contasious. indeed " renlind V..
culapian attendant.
"Well, I can't ston. Mr. Lincoln : T inst.
called to see how you were," said the visit
or.
"Oh, don't be in anv hurrv. sir!" nlafid-
1- remarked the Executive.
Thank vou sir: I'll call arrain rpnbVd
. o t . .
the visitor, executing a masterly retreat
,1 .. ... -J .
irom tne leartul contagion. .
- -, .... i:iu, 11' iiut.UU
small-pox,"
It is contagious,
IS 111 all Wool oeonle snid thur . .,-! nt f il-ni-nn. t ...
cloakmgs, liow much cotton in silk poplins, Proclamation, but now. I am bnnvtnssr I
uave somethimr that every lodv ran taL-o "
how much Hour in the best shirting muslins,
and how little honesty in drv-troods creneral
ly. They will tell you that there is scarcely
an article tnat comes under the vard-stick
A l i -i i . ,
mat is not more or less ueuased with some
inferior material.
There is hrx-nz jtocm in everything. You
buy a first class house of Mr. Skimp, the
architect, (who builds ''mansions" by the
block in order that one may hold the other
up) and find it a shell composed of rotton
bricks and almost limeless mortar, pinned
together with sappy timber. You affect the
antique, and get smoked daubs forthe gems
of the-old masters, ancient coins manufac
tured the other day at Berlin, and Pompeii
and Herculaneum vases direct from the En
glish potteries.
Keality seems to be out of hishion. From
electrotyped jewelry to ladies shapes, all is
deception aud vanity and vexation of spirit.
liy this time the visitor was making a des
perate break lor Pennsvlvania a vpnut whl.-h
i. .i-i li - i
rcacneu on tne uour.ue-quicK.
A patriotic old lady recently sent three
smoking caps as presents to officers in the
rotomac army. One was for Gen. Mead'
and the remaining two she desired to be pre
sented to two Generals, one of whom must
be a teetotaller, and the other one who nev
er indulged m profanity, den. Williams,
Chief" of Gen. Meade's staff, took the Anti-Profanity
Cap, and Gen. Hnnt the Tem
perance cap. For some unexplained reasons
a great deal of fun continues to be made a
bout the distribution of these presents.
A new rass through the Andes has been
discovered to the southward of the city of
Mendoza, in the same latitude with Buenos
Ayres. It is practicable for a wheeled ve
hicle, and will facilitate the traffic between
the Atlantic and Pacific '
The Workmen who were on a strike at
the Allentown Rolling mill have resumed
work without increase of pay.
-Lilt .M.UIUI l.MiUME. It won d annnnr
from the following paragraph, which fc
find in the Cincinnati Catholic Teltratji of
December 2, that the .prejudices which
some of our Catholic fellow-citizens so often
display against the negro, is not derived
from Home the headquarters of Catholicity
tome teacningsor wnicn they are suppos
ed to render such implicit obedience:
A young American Democrat went re
cently to Home to study for the Priesthood
in the Propaganda, lie began his first let
ter irom the J-iterual City as follows : "The
first thing which forcibly attracted my at
tention here, was the discovery that the
Prefect of the class in which I am placed is
n TI-l.i .1 il - i
'"yycr. . iy uati a. ureauim ming : A.
young American not only compelled to asso
ciate with a negro, but to acknowledge him
at the head of his class. What is to become
of t he church !
Those who have visited Rome at any time
during the past five years, have often met
students from the colleges, white and black,
waiting the streets arm and arm toget her.
It is asserted that in Mavence, where the
annual consumption of wine is three hundred
and sixty bottles per adult, gout, delirium
tremens and liver complaints are quite un
known. We are not told what kind of
wine it is that is drunk in Mayence.
The numlier of emigrants who left Liver
pool during the auarter ending fcCDtember
30th was grjpter by 16,500 than it was du
ring tne same period in isoz.
sweet temper in a wife is worth more to
a huband than a sugar plantation.
VIITEGAE-ITS ADULTERATIONS.
Cider vinegar has always been preferred
by our people on account of its wholesome
properties ; and at one period a sufficient
quantity of it was manufactured to supply
the puplic demand. This is not now the
case, as most of the vinegar which is at pre
sent consumed in cities is made from high
wines (whiskies) and molasses. Vinegar
may be made by several different processes
and from a great number of substances. It
is made from apple juice by the slow process
of fermentation, but from high wines or li
quids containing alcohol it is manufactured
by a quick process, consisting of exposing
warm high wines mixed with water to the
atmosphere, while passing in thin stream
lets over a very extended surface of beech
wood shavings. By this mode of operating,
the alcohol combines chemically with a cer
tain quantity of oxygen and forms acetic
acid-vinegar, lhisisthe svstem which
. . . . . . . . a i , i , ,
now jjiosl extensively lonowed m vine
manulactories. Any substance which
tains sugar may be converted, by fermenta
tion, into alcohol and finally iuto acetic acid.
At present, when high wines and substances
containing sugar, such as molasses, are so
high in price, possibly the vinegar which is
made from the.-e may be adulterated by sul
phuric acid, before it reaches the purchaser.
It is well known that when the price of any
article becomes high, adulteration is prac
ticed to a much larger extent with it, be
cause the addition of a small q-untity of a
cheap foreign substance largely increases the
profits. As a small ouarititv of snlnlmrie
acid added to vinegar permits the use of a
large quantity of water, this acid has been
frequently and extensively used for adultera
tion, it has been asserted by manufactur
ers oi vinegar that as the acetic acid made
irom weak wines, beer, malt, and molasses
was liable to putrid fermentation and dc
composition, some sulphuric acid was ne
cessary to counteract this tendency and pre
vent it from becoming turniL The p.it
quantity employed for this purpose was a-
bout one gallon to one thousand gallons of
vinegar, liut when the manufacture of vin
egar is properly conducted there is no ne
cessity for adding any sulphuric acid. The
mode of detecting such acid in vinegar is de
scribed by Dr. Muspratt as fellows: "If
the vinegar be suspected to contain a con
siderable quantity of sulphuric acid, make a
solution of sugar aud heat it to 200 Fab. ;
if a drop of the susuected vinegar .is.- a,1,l(j,I
to this, it will carbonize the sugar, causing
a blackish spot to appear at the" point where
the vinegar came into contact with the sac
charine solution. This happens when the
vinegar contains one-three, hundredth of its
weight of sulphuric acid : when it contains
from six-hundredth? of it weight of this acid,
it produces a greenish snot inthe solution
But the principal test for this acid in vinegar
is the use of a soluble salt of paryta, sucbTas
the chloride. When this is added to vinegar
containing sulphuric acid, insoluble sulphate
is produced, which falls down in a heavy
w hite powder. Moderate quantities of good
vinegar are beneficial in assisting digestion,
but sulphuric acid does not favor digestion,
and w hen taken in considerable quantities it
injures the coating of the stomach. In ev-
.i it . ... ...
cry sense men, suipnune acid is an injuri
ous adulteration of vinegar and should riot
le premitted. Hydrochloric and nitric acids
have also been employed for-adulteration,
but to such a limited extent that they do
not invite public attention.
A : 1 r tii 1
nicgar maueirom pure aiconoi aud wa
ter does not possess the flavor of wine or ci
der vinegar, and is therefore inferior to them
for table use ; but a little acetie ether added
to it renders it agreeable. Raw snlrit.s onn
tabling some fusel oil produce a more pleas
antly navored vinegar than refined spirits ;
hence a few drops of fusel oil added to recti-
ued spirits, m making the wash tor vinegar,
improves its aroma. A little oil of cloves,
or uuinc eiuer aaaed in tne same manner
improves its flavor. A very small Quantity
ol cider vinegar gives a large quantity of
wmsKy vinegar a pleasant navor. An in
fusion of chicory is sometimes added to high
wine vinegar, to give it the colorof cider vin
egar. Fancy or aromatic vinegars are some
times used for the toilet, for fumigation and
table use. A good aromatic vinegar is made
by macerating cloves, rosemary, sage, nut
megs, caraway, peppermint, cinnamon and
calamus, each one ounce, in two gallons of
strong vinegar, adding a little tincture of
camphor. In fact any of the essential oils,
such as those of cloves, bergamot, laven
der. &C,, added to vinegar render it aromatic.
A good joke is perpetrated bv a rebel nri-
soner captured at Chickamau'ra. The
was looking at one of our snm?. anl remark
ed that he "didn't think that the YanL-s
would use them big guns much lnnir "
'Why not ?' inquired the Feds. "Because,'
aid he, "the Confederacy is getting so nar
row that you'll fire clear over it and hit rour
men on the other side. "
The Paris corresixtndent of the London
Spectator says, in a recent letter, that "ev
erybody in France appears to agree on one
point that an irretrievable disaster of the
French troops fin Mexico) or a war with the
U. States would instantly sound the death-
knell of the Second Empire. "
The Washington Aqueduct co:t the Gov
ernment $2,900,000. It is capable of sun-1
plying 67,000.000 gallons of water per dav
to the city. This much, diluted with whis
ky, ought to keep -Congressmen from fam
ishing, we should think.
It is now discovered that pictures mv b
photographed on steel, and
thus obtained will give five thousand copies.
Illustrated books will now be the rule ' rath
er than the exception. -
'. ' The bullion held by the Bank of England
on the 14thof November was about twice the
amount of that m the vaults of the banks in
fw lork city. . , ' .v . .
GREAT WATEEFALL.
A detachment of troops recently scouting
in the valley of the Snake or Lewis Fork of
the Columbia, discovered a waterfall which,
it is said, is entitled to the distinction of be
ing called the greatest in the world. The en
tire volume of Snake river pours over, a sheer
1reeipice one hundred and ninety-eight feet
iigh, thirty-eiyht feet higher than the S'iog
am. Snake river is fiill as large a the AV
agara, and the cascade is one solid sheet or
body. The locality of this immense water
lall is near the iioint heretofore designated
as the Great Shoshone or Salmon falls of
that river, but they have always been envel
oped in mystery. Almost a dozen years ago
the writer passed along the Snake river road.
For two days we heard the roaring of these
falls, but learned no more respecting them
than if they had been in the moon. It was
said that there were a series of falls and rap
ids, making a descent of seven huudred feet
in seven milesand the sound gave color to
the report, l or hundreds of miles across '
the great plain, Snake river flows through a
cannon, with vertical walls hundreds of feet
high. - It is only at long intervals that sal
ient points arc found by which the river can
be reached. The road crosses from point to
point of the bends, only approaching close
to the river where there is a chauce to de
scend for water. From these facts very few,
if any, of the tens of thousands of adventu
rers that have crossed the plains ever looked
upon the great falls. The late discoverers
report beside the main cataract many others
of less height, varying from twenty to fifty
feet each, near by. Some day they will be
visited by the tourist and pleasure-seeker,
and looked upon as frequently and familiarly
as Niagara is to-dav: and it will be admit
ted that, with the stupendous grandeur of
their surroundings, tbey are as far beyond
Niagara as Niagara now excels the balance
of the world.
Washington's Opinion of the North.,
In a letter of Washington to his friend
Lund, in June 1776. occurs the following
passage, in .which he most graphically de
scribes the peculiarities of Northern and
Southern men as soldiers, and gives a pref
erence for the qualities of the Nortnern
men, the justice of which the present cam
paign is likely to verify;
"We have lately had a general review,
and I have much pleasure in informing you
that-wo made a btrappearaaueujuui went,
through our exercises more like soldiers than
I had expected. The Southern States are
rash and blamable in the judgment thev
form of their brethren of the four New En
gland States, I do assure, with all mv par
tiality for my own countrymen, and prejudi
ces against them, I can but consider them as
the flow er of the American army. They aro
strong, vigorous and healthy jieople, inured
to lal)or and toil, which our people seldom
are ; and though our hot and eager spirit
may suit better in a sudden and desperate
enterprise, yet, in the way in which wars are
now carried on, you must look for perma
nent advantages only from that patient and
persevering temper which, is the result of
labor, ihe ew Lnglanders are cool, con
siderate and sensible while we are all firo
and fury. Like their climate, they main
tain an equal temperature, whereas we can
not shine but we burn. They have an uni
formity and stability of character,to which
the people of no other States have any pre
tensions ; hence they must and will always
preserve their influence, in this great empire.
Were ft not for the drawbacks and disad
vantages which the influence of their popu
lar opinions on the subject of government
have on their army, they soon "might, and
probably will, give law to it"
Texas. A New-Orleans correspondent
of The Boston Trm eller writes t hat the ex
pedition of Gen. Banks to Texas is a glori
ous success. The Union men are rallying
under the standard of Gen. Banks in largo
mimlers. All the Texans required was a
force to back them up, and they repeatedly
said that if a sufficient army was sent to as
sist them they would soon "have Tera all
right again. Thev havf slronli' Tirnrorl tY,a
truth of their statements, for Gen. Banks
has recruited two regiments since he landed
in that State, and the work is still goincr on.
the Texans coming from their places of con
cealment and enrolling themselves in the U
uion Army.
RECRrrn.vcr in Arkansas : A Lift In
Rock (Ark. ) letter says : Recruiting : here
goes briskly on. One cannot but be aston
ished at the great number who have mana
ged to escape the rigid conscription of tha
rebels. There are, even already, from eight
to ten tnousanu xvrKansians in tne federal
service, and still they come. There are
eight regluar Arkansas regiments, either
formed or in process of formation, besides
the several thousand who have joined other
regiments irom other btatcs. - To-day two
entire companies came in for the 3d cavalry,
and some three hundred for 2d. infantry,
Col. Fishbach. 1 "
The Memphis Journal says that the print
ers of that city commenced at II o'clock on
Monday the 1 4th to organize a military com-
Eany, and before two in the afternoon, they
ad swelled their list of enlisted men to
something over a hundred. This is what we
call quick work, and don't think it was ever
beat in any section of the country. The
company was mustered in by Gen. Veateh,
and we expect to see the printers in this, as
they are in everything else, the foremost in
the ranks. 'So mote it be.'' - '
The Oninione, a leading journal at Turin,
says ; "Italy, foreseeing coming events,
must prepare to take up anns.' - -
. A soldier in one of ; the Kentucky camps
says the motto"withr . them is : "L nited we
sleep; divided we freeze !" . " ; -
r..m .. -
-;.Happy ignorance-igBoram..of.crime.,i