jff - v v
BY S. J. KOW.
CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, JULY 15, 1863.
VOL. 9.-N0. 46.
TERMS OF THE JOURNAL.
Tbe Raftsjia.vs Jours al is published on Wed
nesday at $ I, DO" per an Dam in advance. Adver
tisements inserted at $1.00 per square, for three
or less insertions Twelve lines (or less connting a
square, tor every aaamonal insertion 2a cents
JL deduction will be made to yearly advertisers.
COUNTY DIUECTORY.
TIME OF nOLDIXG COUiT.
2d Monday in January, I 3d Monday in June,
3d 44 in March, j 4th " in Sept'm'r.
Of each year, and continue two week if necessary '.
COUNTY AND DISTRCT OFFICERS.
Pres't Judge lion. Samuel Linn, Belk-fonte.
Ai'ie.Judges Hon. J. 1. Thompson, Curwensville
Hon. James Bloom. Forrest
Sheriff. . . . Edward Perks,
Protbonotary, D. F. ctiweiler, .
Reg. & Rec. . Isaiah O. Barger .
district Att'y, Israel Test, . . .
Treasurer.. . Joseph Shaw, . .
Co. Surveyor, H. B. Wright,
Comaiiss'n'rs, S. C. Thompson,
Jacob Kuntz, . .
Thos. Dougherty, .
Auditors. . . B. C Bowman,
Chaa Worrell. . .
Clearfield
. Glen Hope.
Morrisdale.
. Luthersburg.
Or. Hills,
. Clearfield.
N.Wash'gfcjn
. Fennfield.
Lccontes Mill
. Curenvil!e
H Woodward,
Coroner. . . . J. W. Potter
Co.Snperind't Jesse Brootuull,
' LIST OF POST-OFF ICES.
Totrnships. NumrxofP.U. Namtsof P.M.
Beccaria. - - Glen Hope, - - Wu. S. Wright.
' - - - Utahville, - - - Theodore Weld.
44 - - Ilegarty'sX Hoads Samuel Ucgarty.
Hell, - - - Bower, - - v M Cracker).
44 - - - - Chest, .... Thos.A. M'Ghee,
" - - - Cush. --. - J. XV Campbell.
.... Ostend. - - - - II. L. Henderson.
Bloom, - Forrest. .... James Bloom.
Buzgs, ... Clearfield Bridge, - Jas. Forrest.
Bradford, - Williams' Grove, - Jas. E. Watson.
Brady, - - - Luthersburg, - R. H. Moore.
44 ... Troutville, - - Charles floppy.
14 - - Jenerson Line, - - Jonn iicberhn.
Burnside, - New Washington) - James Gallaher.
- - Burnside,
- W. C. Irvin.
... Patchinville,
44 - - - East Ridge,
Chest,- - - - Hard, - -44
... McGarvey, -44
... Westover, -
Clearfield, - Clearfield. -
Covington, - Frenchville,
44 - - . Karthaus, -
Curwensville Curwensville,
- Jack I'atchin
- Jacob Boice.
- G. Toxer, jr.
- Win. McGarvey.
- b. A. tarber.
- M. A. Frank
- P. A. Gaulin.
- J. F.W. Schnarr
T. W. Fleming.
Decatur, - Philipsbure, Centre county, Pa.
4- - - West Decatur, - - Sophie Radebach
44 - - Usoeola Mills, . - I. J; Uoalich.
Ferguson. - Marron, - - - - Edin. Williams.
Fox, - - - - llellen Post Office, Elk county, Pa
liinrd, - - - Leconte's Mills, - C. Mignot.
44 - - - Bald Hills, - - - William Carr
Goshen, - - Shawsville, - -Graham,
- - Grabamton.- -Guelich,
- - Smith's Mills, -....
Mauera, "- - -Huston,
- - Tyler, -
44 - - - Pennfield." - -Jordan,
- - Ansonville, - -Karthans.
- Salt Lick, - -Knox.
- - - New Millport, -Morris,
- - - Kylertown, - ----
Morrisdale. - -
- A. B. Shaw.
- Thos. H. I'orcee.
- A. G. Fox.
- C-haa-J. Pusey.
- David Jyler.
i H. Woodward"
- Eliza Chase.
- Geo. Heckadorn
- M. 0. Stirk,
- Jas. Thompson.
- J. C Brenner.
Perm. - - - Lumber City ,t - - H W. Spencer.
- .... dratcpian lulls, - A. V. Moore,
Pike, .... Curwensville, - - T. W. Fleming
.... Bloomineville. - - Beni. F. Dale.
1 ninn, - - - Kockton. - - - -O.K. Brubaker.
nooJward. Jeffries, - - - James Lockett.
This Post Office wfil do for Chest township.
"ill answer tor fergi son township.
STATE & V. STATES DIRECTOR V.
OFFICEUS OF PENNSYLVANIA
overnor, - - - A.G. Curtin, - - - Centre eonntv
"ijonom. jiii cmor. - - - - union county
iep. Secretary, a. a. 1 nomas, --
Auditor Gen. - Isa-te Slenker, - - Union county
Purveyor Gen. - Jag. P. Barr. - - - Pittsburz.
juiorney lien. - w. ji. .Meredith, 1'hiladelphia
ate Trurer. W. 3 M ?rt h."
Fnp Com. Sch's T H burrows. - - Lancaster co.
i-epoiy eup i, - a. r. liatea, - - - Crawford co
I ;Km,:.. U w T.wr T T : .1 I
k " uiviaii.n, " . ... X? .. lib, - UKrrMUUrg.
M-r-REXs I'orRT ef Justice. W. 11. Lowrie.
Associates, Geo W Woodward, Jas Thompson,
Via. Strong. J. M. Reed. Sessions. Philadelphia
1st Monday of January, Harrisburg 4th Monday
f April, ftunbnry 1st Monday of October, and in
uuourg on the ;5J Monday of October.
OFFICERS OF THE UNITED STATES.
President. - - - Abraham Lincoln, Of Illinois.
ice President Hannibal Hamlin, Of Maine,
of tate. - XYm. 11 Seward, - New York.
of Treas y S. P. Chase, - - - Ohio.
See.ot War. - E.M.Stanton, - - Pennsylvant
ot Xavy Gideon Welles. - - Connecticut.
Nsc. of Interior Isaac P. Csher. - - Indiana.
r- .M. Gen. - Monfcg. Blair, - - - Maryland.
Attorney Gen. Ki!vr,l l!.t... . . Vi.nri
Sri HEWE Coirt Chief Justice. Koeer B. Ta- I
rv U1 fiaryiano Associate Justices bainue!
JeUin nf i V.rir pr.k..i p -r l 1 I
nia.JohnM U'..n.a.n;. i..v, n. r
Tennessee, Xathan Clifford of Maine, Caleb" B.
tbTi't Monnddiy of lXi1' B
CABINET EMPOEIUM!
B. K. SHOPE,
CAbi.NET MAKER, -
Would respectfully announce to the public that
ne has fitted up a shop on Cherry street, near the
r.jiiacopal church, and near Kratier's store.where
ueiDienjs to carry on the Cabinet-making busi
nesa io its different branches. Having served a
regular apprenticeship to tbe business, and work
u a a Journeyman over six years, besides carrv-
Jg on a shop for three years, he flatters himself
" ean render satisfaction to those who may
fTor him with their custom. Having located in
iiorough of Crearfield, he solicits a share of k
Patronage, and it shall ever be his object to make
to order, neat and substantial furniture such as I
French Bedsteads
He will alwavs be
and common and French
pojuCottage, Jenny
bind, and all other
kindsof Bedsteads,
XttTeeknera Patent
listenings a n d Oard
Bi Patent spring Bed
ada. Bureaus of dif
rent kiads.Sideboards,
"ardrobes, Bookcases.
r!or andcentretables,
r4kfast and dining ta-B1-and
the latest im
proved Extensiontables.
0'k sunds. Hat racks,
J'let and Wash stands!
id every other kind of
'urai;ora in hi. hr.n.h
prepared to furnishtoor-
der Kocking cnairs of
different kinds, and
common and other
chairs. He will also fur
nish to order Hair, Husk,
and hair and cotton top
Mattresses. . The above
named and many otbei
articles will be made v
order for customers, oi
short notice, cheap fo.
cash .or exchanged for
approved country pro-
auce. uoa t rorget tne
to furnish all articles at
themostreaaonabltiratf.il I
- : I VI
rr Tk vae.rl7' pi' rtne, lunwood, and ev-
fW. , uiiaoie lumoer, .will oe taken in ex-
tttiVfor furnitor Cash will also be paid for
- - uvioiMr
B. K. SHOPE:
2. .?..l'f 522 1
-Funerals -attended whenever
irable
CUarfrid. Pa.., Jan. 21. 182 -
VALLAITDIGHAM'S CASE-
Beply of the President to the Ohio Demo
cratic Committee
WA8Hi2GTO!, D. C. June 29. 1863
Gentlemen : The Resolutions ot the Ohio
Democratic State Convention, which you pre
sent me, together with your introductory arid
clotting remarks, being in position and argu
ment mainly, the same as tbe Resolutions of
the Democratic meeting, at Albany ,New York,
I refer ym to my response to tho latter as
meeting most ol the points in the former.
This response you evidently used in preparing
your remarks, and I desire no more than that
it be used with accuracy. In a single reading
of your remarks, I only discovered one inac
curacy in matter, which I suppose you took
from that paper. It is where you say. "The
undersigned aie unable to agree with you in
the opinion you have expressed that the Con
stitution is different in time of insurrection
or invasion from what it is in time of peace
and public security."'
A lecurrtnce to the paper will show you
i that J have not expressed the opinion you up-
.. . a - .
pose, i expressed tne opinion that the Cou
stitutioujs different in its application in ca
st's of rebellion or invasion, involving the pub
lic safety, from'what it is in times of profound
peace 8nd public security ; and this opinion
I adhere to, simply because by tbe Constitu
tion itself, things may be done in tbe one case
which may" not be done in the other.
I disiike to waste a word on a merely per
sonal point, but I must respectfully assure
you that you will find yourselves at fault
should you ever seek for evidence to provo
your assumption that I "opposed in discus-
sions before the people the policy of tbe Mex
ican war."
You say 4' Expunge from the Constitution
this limitation upon the power of Congress to
suspend tbe writ of habeas corpus, and yet the
other guarantee of personal liberty would re
main unchanged." Doubtless if this clause of
the Constitution, improperly called as I think
a limitation upon tbe power of Congress were
expunged, the other guarantees would remain
tbe same ; but the question is, not how those
guarantees would stand with that clause out
of the. Constitution, but how tbey stand ' with
that clauso remaining in it, in cases of rebel
lion or invasion, involving tbe public safety.
If the liberty could be indulged of expunging
that clause, letter and spirit, I really think
the constitutional argument would be with you.
My general view on this question was stated
in tbe Albany response, and hencu I do not
state it now. I only add that, as seems to me,
the benefit of the writ of habeas corpus, is tbe
great means through which the guarantees of
personal liberty are conserved and made avail
able in the last resort; aud corroborative o
this view, is the fact, that Mr. Vallandig-
hani, in the very case in question under the
advice of lawyers saw not where else to go but
to the habeas corpus. But by the Constitu-
nou me tienent ot the writ of habeas corpus it
" ? be pended when in case, of rebel
"on and invasion, the public safety may re-
ouire it
IV , .
4"' uu" wueiner i reauy -claim
that I ray over-ride all the guarantied rights
f iHi,Mn,t. . . .
f ,n1'Ti4"-'. on the plea of conserving the
public safety when I may chose to say the
public safety requires it. This question, di
vested of the phraseology calculated to repre
sent me as strugling for an arbitrary personal
prerogative, is either simply a question who
shall decide, or an affirmation that nobody shall
decide, what the public safety does require in
cases of rebellion or invasion. The Constitu
tion contemplates tbe question as likely to
occur for decision, but it doea not expressly
declare who is to decide it
plication, when reliellion or invasion comes
the decision is to be made, from time to time
8Dd 1 ,h,Dk Mie maD Whm for ,he
people have, under the Constitution, made the
Commander-in-Chief of their Army and Na
vy, is the man wbo holds tbe power and beats
the responsibility of making it. If he uses
the power justly, tbe same people will proba
bly justify him ; if he abuses it, be is in their
hands, to be dealt with by all the modes they
have reserved to themselves in tbe Constitu
tion
Tbe earnestness with which you insist that
persons can only in times of rebellion be law
fully dealt with in accordance with the rules
for criminal trials and punishments in times
OI Peace induces me to add a word to what I
said on that point in the AlbaDy response.
You claim that men may, if they choose, em
barrass those whose duty it is to combat a gi
ant rebellion and then be dealt with only in
turn as if there were no rebellion. The Consti
tution itself rejects this view. The military
arrests and detentions which have been made,
ncluding those of Mr. Vallandigham, which
are not different in principle from the other,
have been lor Prevention, and not for Punish
ment as injunctions to stay injury as pro
ceedings to keep tbe peace and hence, like
proceedings in such cases and for like rea
sons, tbey have not been accompanied with in-
h tn.ia. nor !n .in.t.
1 1 LU.C Uia, VI Lll.l. vj . -, .lugig
case, by any punishment whatever beyond
what is purely incidental to the prevention.
Tbe original sontence of imprisonment in Mr.
Yallandigbam's case was to prevent injury to
the military service only,and the modification
of it was made as a less disagreeable mode to
him of securing the same prevention.
I am unable to perceive an insult to Ohio
in the case of Mr. Vallandigham. Quite sure
ly nothing of this sort was or is intended.
was wholly unaware that Air. Vallandigham
was, at tbe time of his arrest a candidate for
the Democratic nomination for Governor, un
til so informed by your reading to -me the res
olutions of the Convention. I am grateful to
tbe State ot Ohio for many things, especially
for tbe brave soldiers and officers she has
givo in the present national trial to tbe ar
mies of tbe Union.
You claim, as I understand, that according
ly to my own position in the Albany response,
Mr. Vallandigham should be released, and this
because, as you claim, be has not damaged
the military service by discouraging enlist
ments, encouraging desertions or otherwise;
and that it be had, he should have been turned
over to the civil authorities under the recent
acts of Congress. I certainly do not know
that Mr. Vallandigham has specifically and by
direct language, advised against enlistments,
and in favor of desertion and resistance to
drafting. We all know that combinations,
armed in some instances, to resist the arrest
of deserters, began several months ago; that
more recently the like has appeared in resis
tance to the enrollment preparatory to a draft;
and that quite a number of assassinations have
occurred from tbe same animus. These had
i i 1... , v, i . k. ... j .. . j . i ,
o .., rj, 1UIC,U uns again nas
led to bloodshed and death
And now, under
a sense of responsibility more weighty and
enduring than any tvhich is merely official, I
solemnly declare my belief that this hindrance
of the military, including maiming and mur
der, is due to the course in which Mr. Val-
a'"ara nas Deen eneagea in 8 greater de-
gree than to any other cause ; and is due to
him personally in a greater degree than to any
other one man. These things have been no
torious, known to all, and of course known to
Mr. Vallandigham. Perhaps I would not be
wrong to say tbey originated with bis espe
ciat triends and adherents. With perfect
k , j . . . I - 1 1 mv irwM,i. vt
nOH IHiiirn ol thom ha ho a rranminl . irl.. .
.-D ,
Pnnafflntlo marla arA.h I . t 1 t .
eCt.ucs .u v.u8resa uu ue-
fore popular assemblies: and if it can be
shown that with these thines starinir him in
. , , '"8S slar,nn,m4n
... ... unercu . ru o, reoune
, v......,-. ugai.iBi ineiii.u win oe a iaci great-
ly In his favor with me, and one of which, as
yet I am totally ignorant.
. . ...
Whon .f i. bnntxn
.. ,m ouv...
(hat ih. u-IiaIi l.-t..n r i. : 1 I
uu,uCU . uia speecucs nas
ucc luol,r up uien againsnne prosecution oi
tne war, aud that in the midst of resistance to
it, be has not been known in any instance to
ov. 6..uDl 0uv.. .co.olte, 11, is nexi 10
..UIiu.u.ii iu repei ine mierence mat ne has
.,..l.., A : r. ...... .. I
tuuiiocicu umcuij iu latur 01 11. i 110 all
this hefnr thi.ip h i'n..ii- .
oeiore tneir eyes, me Convention you
represent have nominated Mr, Vallandigham
for Governor of Ohio'; and both they and you
have declared the purpose to sustain tbe Na
tional Union by all Constitutional means
nut oi course tney and you, in common, re
serve to yourselves to decide what are Con
stitutional means.and unlike the Albany meet
ing you omit to state or Intimate that in your
opinion an army is a Constitutional meaos of
saving th'e Union against a rebellion, or even
to intimate that you are conscious of an exis
ting rebellion being in progress with tbe a
vowed object of destroying that very Union
At the same time your nominee for Governor,
in whose behalf you appeal, is known to yon
and to the world to declare against the use of
an army to suppress the rebellion. Tour own
attitude, therefore, encouratres desertion, re-
. , . .. . ' . , ... , ,
sistance to tbe draft and the like, because it
teaches those who incline to desert and to es-
cape the draft to believe It is your purpose to
protect them, and to hope that you will be-
- -
come strong enough to do so. After a per-
soual intercourse with you, gentlemen of the
committee, I cannot say I think you desire
eci. i iuiio-t 3 uur anuuue, oui i assure
you that both friends and enemies of the U-
nion iook upon it m tins ngut. it is a sub-
stantial bope, and by consequence, a real
utrencrth tn the enpmr. Tt (a a futea hnnn onrl I
0 j. . ..yt. .
one wnicn you would willingly dispel. I will
make the way exceedingly easy, 1 send you
duplicates of this letter, in order that you, or
a majority oi you, may ir yon cnoose, indorse
. , . . . .. , . I
vonr names nnnn nnn nf them and rofnm it I
j , . v.
thus indorsed to me. with tbe understanding
that those signing are thereby committed to
tbe following propositions, aDd to nothing else ;
1. That there is now a rebellion in tbe Uni
ted States, the object and tendency of which
is to destroy tbe National Union ; and that,
on your opinion, an Army and Navy are consti
tutional means for suppressing that rebellion.
2- That noone of you willdo anything which
in bis own judgment, will tend to binder tbe
increase or favor the decrease, or lessen tbe
efficiency of the Army or Navy, while engag
ed in the jflort to suppress tbat rebellion ; and
3. Tbat each of yon will, in bis sphere, do I
all be can to have tbe officers, soldiers and i
seamen of the Army and Navy, while engaged
in the effort to suppress tbe rebellion, paid,
led, clad, and otherwise well provided and
supported. .
And with the further understanding tbat up
on receiving the letter and names thus en
dorsed, I will cause them to be published,
which publication shall be, within itself, a
revocation of tho order In relation to Mr. Val
landigham.
It will tot escape observation that I con
sent to the release of Mr. Vallandigham upon
terms not embracing any pledge from him or
from others, as to what be will or will not do.
I do this because he is not preseut to speak
ior nimself, or to authorize others to speak
ior mm ; and bence I shall expect, that on
returning, he would not put himself practical-
ly in antagonism with the position of bis
friends. But I do it cbieflv hoa., r .h..
prevail on other influential gentlemen of Ohio
to so define their position as to b.-of in.m,.n..
value to the
. tu ' c ""'"Peusa-
cuiisequences oi any mistake in
allowing Mr. Vallandigham to return, so that
on the whole the public safety will not have
suffered by it. Still, in regard to Mr. Vallan
digham aud all oMiers, I must hereafter, as
heretofore, do so much as the public service
may seem to require. I have tbe honor to be
respecttully yours, etc., A- Liscols.
Effect of Treason Stamped Upon our own Soil.
ferhaps the very best result that could have
happened in the progress ol the war, was the
invasion of Pennsylvania, and with that the
mreaienciaevastation of the entire northeast.
It needed this to convince the people of the
Xorth that the leaders of the rebellion were
fighting for something more than their -constitutional
rights." As long as-the traitors
At A. t t ...
Were Confined to their own anil t.i ,i-oTf. i,u;-
I o
utiles against the Government, thev h.,1,1 .
BOrt of position in which thov r-nmm,i..,-! h.
tyrnpathy of some good but ignorant men, and
fought as it they really were contending for a
principle of right. But when Lee crossed the
Potomac, be and his ragged followers passed
me xviioicon. inn irnm rn mnmant ia ran ,.r
tho save driver touched free noil, hi f,t
was sealed. Hereafter the Democratic twad-
die concerning h M,fiM.i
9 "f'
mo oouin win oe rejected. ihe campaign
of Pennsylvania has un vailed the true scheme
of th inrartr tit.
j . . . . .
came with fire and sword to devastate and de-
Strov the nrnnerfv and Iivas nf ihn iui.t. nr
. t njortn ... tha tnrlr nf Knntho.ii
1
"constitutional rights," and presents the ob-
tprt. f h r.K.iii i
r C .Tl , .
Lee and bis satelites came for plunder, rapine
and murder. One ol the monstrous promises
made to tbe rebel army was that when Penn-
vlr,ni. fiK ,La a l
1 - J ... . .uu ocvuicu. e
I . . - ......
rnai mm 9rr Tn rm ti-,i , 1,- .
j" .-.. uiu.i vi
these the business and even tkt soil of one of the
richest vorhons of the Slate wr th, mn,.
The conception of ..ch . ntn to o.h
fng concerning its being put into practical
operat on. was worthv the hart of mn hat
tnne to overthrow a f, .nrf nn.,n. oW.
ernment. that Ihpv miirht u rnm tha rrtriuo
I . 0 " " ' 4,-6
cf bartering in the flesh of an inferior and an
abject race. Those who have heon .rmiuiM.
abject race.
, ., , a further in tbe rear, which they held during n oriole in tbe foliage above me when tbe sul
e traitors may possibly derive ,u nan rm. . i ...2
sing wuu me traitors may possibly derive
comfort from the contemplation of this Satan
ic scheme.
liaving bad a practical taste of what tbe
slaveholders' war means, the people of Penn
sylvania, and particularly those of the district
invaded, will be able hereafter to treat the re
bellion as it deserves. Pennsylvania was ablo
to see for herself of what a rebel army con
sists
tl , , , i
FCUF.C tuu.u uor iron me nps oi
the invader, what the rebellion meant why
the rabble of the south were armed, and bv
whom thev are led on to ivad rf ,..,
"i tt - - w wuvut.ijl
the North. A miserable clieue of politicians
conspiring solely to advance their own inter-
ests. The aristocracy of the South reatinir
thrim. t
f-'4"4 i'uu'
excellence on tbe privilege which ther eniov
of bartering in human flesh, hacking nn thoa
politicians, that they may secure the interests
of .UiJ. nvJnm.L ,h A J;f"?J
J e luaumiiuu vi I
freedom. Joined to these are the armies in
the field, a specimen of which we had in the
rabble which Meade drove back The r th
interests and the elements of rebellion. Our
people have had a fair chance to sen nrf ri
all the effects of this. They cannot hereafter
be misled on the subject. They have had ex
.i ..- i . . .... .. . . . .
jj,u,1ICU iV mem, wun practical vividness
wnyme democratic politicians in the north
sympatbize with the schemes of the leaders
s . , wicoieia
m this revolt. And thus the bubble has been
why tbe Democratic politicians in the north
bursted, and this "revolution," as it was first
........ ..... i . ivuiiuiii tu 1 1 1 1 a ucuiuii-
. j i , . . I
i onutia loria exposed, a oase plan io
destroy the purest and holiest form of free j
government ever devised by human minds.
4My opponent, Mr. Speaker persists in say
ing that he is entitled to tbe floor," said a
member of one of our State Legislatures. bnt
i,.ii, s. : . t u.it :
n r uWl, .... ufc .mjuire.
lllli,... i.... - .1 u :tt . I
x tu i... ..0 win get uoorea i
if he interrupts me again." ' I
..
tjooa lawyers, like eood ministers, are the 1
salt of a nation ; but a one-horse lawyer is j
a nuisance in any community.
terial, painters are using cantos-back ducks
Tbey take them internally
The more Ignorcnt some of ns are, tbe more
will we try to make tbe people believe we are
wise. . ' : .
No people are capable ol se.f-government
wbo will first count the cost of their liberties, j
. .j 1
The man tbat provides not in summer mast
want io winter.
THE BATTLE AT GETTYSBURG-
A Full and Graphic Account of the Three days'
Conflict, by an Eye-witness.
As a connected narrative of tbe memorable
battles fought on Wednesday. Thursdav and
Friday, the 1st, 2d and 3d days of July, near
Gettysburg, in Adams county, Pennsylvania,
w'4 o valuable for reference, we think the
following carefully written account from the
Pittsburg Gazette, will be acceptable to our
readers e
Gen. Meade took command dV this army
on Sunday, the 2Stb ult. At that time bis
nageltown. It will be seen that he was in
the southeast, and conseqtntly in the rear
ot the fo imminently threatening his line of
retreat The armv ot th Potomac began its
y..M,-.6u ,1UU1 uiomeni. wruers were
. w.ivwutd eariy m
the evening and on the morning of the 29th
our whole brilliant and hopeful host was in
motion toward Pennsylvania. Tbe First, and
in.ra and tlevfenth corps encamped on Tues-
u .mujisuu.g; muoeconaana iwe.un
a.su Pc'.eu ineir tents near oy.
The Fust Corps, under Major General Key-
nolcs, and the Eleventh under Major Geo-
.,,.eu ucujuu.g, xvey-
nolds lu command, whe.e they arrived at 10
oclock a. m. The First corps, in the ad-
The enemy was discovered posted in a wood
to the westward, near the Lutheran Theologi
cal Seminary. The beginning of the three
days' conflict was at hand. '
THE BATTLE OF WEDVE8DA Y.
une wno has oeen in tne presence, who now
sits among the echoes, aud whose brain teems
with rushing memories of a conflict so recent
and so vast, may well pause before attempting
to indicate its magnitude or describe its pro-
gress. uasn as the advance of Gen. Reynolds
has been pronounced by many brother officers
who now lament his death, 1 question wheth-
er it was not after all for the best. It served
i , . - - ; ...
mv's exact position and probable lorce. and
I 83 -a check uPon ay offensive movement
.u.io ia ucijr uug.i ue deep up-
on. It Rem red the irmr nf th Hninm tl.u
commanding position on Cemetery Hill from
1 which the battles of tbe two succeeding days
were cuieuy lougnt, and wnicn, had tbe reb-
el commander anticipated the engagement,
he w ould doubtless have sc..red fr him.V
I Ui In.u nurhon. ih.. tho i. ; 1 1 .u
i ' o iui uulo, .unit 41 w OH III Ul IUO XCUQ-
I , . .. .
I rais wno Qirecteu cue oatue on our side, crave
I..nV.AB.:nn at. f - r
i, J """t meieiore, me oeroic
F.lrst c.orP nd its fated commander placed
"emseives mine tern Die ciiemma or Wednes-
day morning they won a knowledge by their
crioce wortft all tbe world to us thereafter,
ulreueu 40 4no "ouowing oraer :
First division, under Gen. Wadswortb; Third
i division uotier liUD. UOUDlouav i ntn hat.
I . . . . . . ' "
I .-- , " -i..Mt,u,,.lmu uiiw.ciivuum;m. lue roois oi tieiivsourg 11
1 turiAi iinnur 1 :ni vvmniErii,hi . b'..i,.t k 1 ;
ion, under Gen. Robinson.
A portion of our artillery took position half
a mue souiu 01 me seminary, ine enemy down on the lert, the fields green and beaati
opened fire upon it with such fierceness as I f ul, io which the cattle were calmly grazing,
II. .1 c
tuiveu iun uditcncs io retire, wnicn mey com- 1 corapoaea a scene or such peace as it appear
menced doing in good order. Geo. Wads- I ed was never made to be marred by the clan-
worth immediately came to their aid ; two of
bis regiments, tbe 2d Wisconsin and the
I t.. nriK:. .-. a . u 1 I
I vu.iu '-"fto". .mio mo rewi
infantry, forcing them io return to retire,
Tne batteries assumed an excellent position
mm u.;, V. V- . - V. J U-JI'IO uvtw 1 UTiO lUlflllU I
to inspect tbe held and ascertain tbe most fa-
vorable line for tbe disposal of bis troops. I
One or two members ot his staff were with j
him. The enemy at tbat instant poured in a
cruel musKctry ore upon ine group oi officers; I
a ouuei struct vreu neynoius in lue necK, I
Hwunuing uiui uiuriaiijt. crying oui, witn a I
voice, tuai lurnieu ine ueans oi uis soldiers. I
"forward! ior uoa s sane, forward i" he
, i
turned lor an instant, rietiuirt th orair nh. 1
lea oy a line ot snouting iniantry, and falline
into the arms of Capt. Wilcox, bis aid, who I
r ,oes,"e '.I,e we.Dl oul wn be
A0?'" 1 ,n ?a."
lrl f 1 1 1 rnxnii ill I ri rmm n avn iran n rssn i
Gen. Doubled, who hurried to the front,
P!aed it in position, and awaited a charge
WD,ca " waa 8een lua reoeis were aDout to
ra"e' wnereen stood a piece
oi wooas was tne impotiant point thence-
forth to be defended. The rebels advanced
ad opened Ore from their entire line. They
re inu.D,,y CDrKed uPon b.v Meredith's
J?1!"? bt,e'v0vitboat ' .8ot'
uui wiiii B ireioeuuous coeer, aasoea ior-I
ward with such swiftness as to surround near-
900 ot tbe foe who were taken prisoners.
- 0ng col,,mQ immediately advanced a-
gainst us from the woods, and, though vol-I
ley after volley was poured into them, did not J
waver. Their proximity and strength at lat
becaruo so tureateuing that the brigades of
the Second division were ordered to make
another charge, which was even more success-
ful than the first. Their momentum was like
an avalanche j the rebels were shot, bayon-
u avaiancue ; me reoeis were snot, oayon-
i",ed au-d drifve" part.ial re,re'' nlore !ban
two regiments falling into our hands alive,
Our ranks suffered fearfully in thia demon-
fearfully in thia demon- I
stration, and it was evident that such fizbtine
innM nnt lanr. .,n 1 I. .. T? t . u I
wu,,j s" un'tuiu cui(
now made its appearance, and its General I
i iiowarai assumed command or tne forces. I
.T. j. - . ' . . 1
oicuiweur was oraerea to noia jreiiysrurg I
and Cemetery bill all his artillery being plac- I
ed in tbe latter position. Tbe other two di-I
visions of the Eleventh corps, under ShuZtz
aDd Barlow, then supported tbe First corps,
uu me ngiii, iu uuie to resist tne aesneraie i
harlrM bv Ewll' trnnn.. A thirrf hrr
. . ' r-- . . . I
was now made by the entire rebel force in I
front, which comprised the corps of II ill and I
twell, eixty-two thousand strong. 1 be shock
wa" awtui. ine superior numoer oi tne roe
enabled them to overlap both our flanks, I
tnreatening us wun snrrouuaing ana capture,
Iiuvii uKxucut.. 6o...o. wut ,m ,
wing, and notwithstanding the gallant fight-
ing done by our soiaiers at mat point, they
at last ooiainea suco advantage- mat lien. I
Howard was forced to . retire bis command
luruugu iuo iuku to iue east, wuicn wag aone
in good order, the compliments of tbe rebels
meanwbile falling thick among it, in tbe
l .f ii t i a . m.
Buiips ui iae 8ous9 grape na canisier. 1 do I
Cemetery Hill at evening, liavinr wlth.tood
daring the entire day tbe assaults of an enemy I
uuiDumoBriDg toein iojw to one. iNos wno-1
ont not without mlsgtvinar. did tbe ot-
ficera and soldiers of those corps eoatemplate
the day's engagement and await tbe onset
they believed was to come. Their comrada
lay in heaps beyond the Tillage Miose spires
gleamed peacefully in tbe sunset before them.
Reynolds the beloved, and the brave, was
dead, and Zook slumbered beside him. Bar
low, Paul, many field and scores of line offi
cers bad been killed.- The men ot the First
corps alone could in few instance turn to
speak to tbe ones who stood beside them in
the morning without meeting with a vacant
space. The havoc in that corps was so fright-
Tul to decimate It fully one-half, and that
I xyievenin corps nooiy rescued irooi
the suspicion w hich rested upon it befoie
was scarcely less great. Yet the little army
flinched not, but stood ready to fall as others
had fallen even to tbe last man. With what
a thrill of relief Gen. Howard, who bad sent
to Sloctim an.l Slckela, saw in the distance at
evening the approaching bayonets of the
messenger after messenger during tbe day
Third and Twelfth corps, onlv tbey can tell
who fought beside him. Those, corps arri-
ved and assumed positions to the right and
left of the First and Eleventh Corps on
the heights about Cemeterv Hill at dusk-
The enemy made no fnrtherderoonstation that
night. Geu. Meade and staff arrived before
11 o'clock. The commander then examined
the position, and posted the several corps tn
the following order: The Twefth (Slocum)on
me rignt, trie ieventh (Howard) next, the
Second (Hancock), First (Doubleday), and
Third (Sickela) in the center, tbe Fifth (Svkes)
on the extreme left. The situation was bril
liant commanding. For almost the first time
in the history of this armv's carreer belong
ed tbe advantage iu tbe decisive battle which
ensued-
The lieighfs on which our troops were pos-
I tea siopea gently downward from our front.
I The line stretched in a semi-circle its con-
I Tex center towards Gettysburg, -the extremes
I toward the southwest and south. Ledges on
J ,QO interior aides - gave our soldiers in some
instances a partial shelter from artillery. Ev-
erT road was commanded by our cannon, and
I 1110 routes by which Lee might otherwise
I soonest retreat in case of his defeat were all
i .n - . . .,. .,
others reserves were iudiciou.lv oosted. and
I tn oavalry an arm of tbe service scarcely
- P7 wm. www mo o.nr
tive battles protected both our flanks in im
mense numbers.
Thus the great army lay down to sleep at
midnight, and awoke on tbe mora ot a day
more sanguinary than the last.
te battle or thubsdat.
I VJU Will
I
On what a spectacle the sun of Thursday
I rose, the mpmnrv .f t inact ii,. r
I - . - "
our lorces wno witnessed it from Cemetery
Hill will linger forever. From its crest tbe
muzzle of fifty cannon pointed towards the
I bi lis beyond the town From the bluffs to
tbe right and left additional artillery frowned.
ana away on eitner side, in a eracoful and ma
jestic curve, thousands of infantry moved in
tn tuitl a r.a tl..i. kn....i. I
K,"4'"""K
1 . 1 t- 1 . . . , . . .
tho valley below, the rifs of woodland alotiir
the borders of rock creek, the orchard far
I .
gor of battle. I si rolled out to the cemetery
ere the dew was yet melted from tbe crass.
: . . .. .
.uu luueu ignnsi a monument 10 listen to
the singing of birds. One note, milder than
the rest, bad just broken from the throat of
OH LAILID Ul 1JI IIS CUT Oil Hie iCl I XOICI (Dal
skirmishing had begun. Similar flrine soon
opened along tbe eutire rebel line, and at-
though no notable demonstration was made
during the forenoon, it was apparent that tha
enemy was feeling our strength prelim in iry
to some decisive effort.
me aay wore on mil of anxious suspense.
ii was not until lour o'clock in tha afternnnn
that the enemy gave voice in earnest. He
then lioiran h.. flr. a r.un.- mi.
vu ks in t mil.
It must not be thoueht that this wrathful fir
was unanswered. Our artillery began to play
within a few. moments and hurled back defl-
-nee and like dostructwn upon tbe rebel lines.
I I nri i oi v njn mni h ..a
of missiles and the hir-tino- hmh.
all the air. The clangor alone of this awful
comoat might well have confused and awed a
less cool and watchful commander than Gen.
Meade. It did not confuse him. With tbe
calculation of a tactician and tl. -v., i
experienced judire be watched from hia hurf.
quarters on the bill whatever movement on.
dff ,the Sld "hich "veloPed the reb-
ei lines mignt nrsidisctose tbe intention which
it waa evident this artillery firing covered,
About six o'clock p. m., silence, deep, awful-
ly impressive, but momentary, was permitted
as if by maeic to dwell nnon tho Held. rnt
the groans unheard before of the wounded and
dyine. onlv the murmur a moraine mmnr.
of the breeze through the foliate, onlv thm
low rattle of preparation for what Waa to cnmA
embroidered this blank stillness. Then, as
the smoke beyond the village was lightly
borne to the eastward, the woods on the left
were seen filled with dark masses of infantry
three columns deep, who advanced at a nnlrb!
step. Magnificent! Such a charge by such a
force - full 45.000 men. under Hill .nrf VV"
i ....... u ... . a
ncci era muuu H iurebenea to pierce
and annihilate the 3d Corns, inimt .ki.h
was directed, drew forth cries of rimir.iv.
..... . r- o " Ik
irom an wno oeneia it. Ueneral Sickles and
his splendid command withstood tii .h.wfc
with a determination that checked, but conld
not fully restrain it. Back, Inch by inch
fighting, falling, dying, cheering, tbe men re-
ureu. i ue reoeis came on morn InHnn.l.
baiting at inlr.l. r...,: i,... , ..' " :V
" " 'iK""' '"5 :u BiruCK
our troops down in scores. General Sickles,
fighting desperately, was struck fa the lee and'
fell. The 2d Corps came to the aid of big
decimated column. Tbe battle then rrtm tear.
ful. Standing firmly np against the storm.our
troops, mougd still outnumbered, gave back
iUt uui, vouey ior voiiey, aimosr aeatn
for death. Still the enemy was not restrain
ed. - Down be came upon our left with s mo
mentum tbat nothing could check. Tbe ri
fled guns tbat lay before our infantry on
&0011 were m uaoger or capture, lieo. Hn
cock was wounded in tbe thigh, General Gib-
bon in tbe shoulder. Tbe 6th Corps, as tbe
a aw '
isi mna za ware rea new,vent into lb brescb
rebel column trembh. .t u- 7 n J. .,-
valley behind, another battery eK. rolling te
me oeigDia ana nuog it too tents in an la-
stant down f the mMsrof tbe enenrv-a ranks
Crssb ! cm;-wjtlt discbarges dbafening.tet-
t !
f i
in
i
r
Hill:
11
I
nr
ir