i
J
3
BY S. J. ROW.
CLEARFIELD, PA, WEDNESDAY, JTJM 19, 1861.
VOL. 7.-NO. 42.
v
-momtcng.
How gently breaks the dewy morn,
How calm, and bow serene,
And hushed, and still aM nature seems,
Beneath the day' first beam.
The eastern heavens are all aglow,
And soon the glorious sun
Hursts forth In majosty arrayed,
And, lo ! the day a begun !
1fow from their nests the little birds
Come forth with songs of joy,
Ard one melodious hymn of praise,
Their tuneful throats employ.
Thus, after death's long dreamless sleep,
May we in joy arise.
And sing with angel choirs above
The songs of Paradise.
Mb. Row : Will you please publish the fol
lowing chapter (V.) lrora an article written
by the Rev. Robert J. Breckinridge, D. D.,
of Danville, Kentucky, and published in tbe
Danville Quarterly Review.' Your neighbors
of the Clearfield Republican' having publish
ed the four proceeding chapters, I deem it but
justice to the author, that the public should
be permitted to read bis concluding remarks.
By giving them room in the 'Journal,' you
will oblige, Your friend, Justice.
From the Danville Quarterly Review.
. Our Country Its Peril Its Deliverance.
BY RKV.R. J. BRECKINRIDGE, D. D.
V. 1. We have said, on a previous page,
that the revolution io the seceded States
would not stop where it noiv is. and that tbe
course it would hereafter take, depended up
on causes in some degree appreciable now;
of which causes we enumerated those which
appeared to us most important in the produc
tion of such results as would restore those
States to their former position in the nation.
Amongst them, the conduct of the Federal
government towards the States according as
it might be firm aud yet temperate, or as it
might be vacillating and timid, was enumer
ated as a decided element of the future. No
oDe can doubt that this is true, or fail to ex
perience great anxiety on the subject. We
feel no disposition to speak confidently about
proceedings of the general government not
jet adequately explained ; nor, under any cir
cumstances, to judge tbe President harshly.
We consider Mr. Buchanan to be situated just
;n that manner, that if he saves his country,
posterity will lorgive him much, and place bis
name high on the roll of history ; but, that if,
either by his own fault, or by the fatal temper
ot tbe times, his administration is made the
term of bis country's grand career, be must
ho classed with the greatest victims of mis
fortune. Few have presided at obsequies that
ought to have been so illustrious and that
threaten to be so ignominious. Apparently
tbe sport of a Cabinet divided into factions,
tf which one was irresolute, another neither
loyal to him nor to tbe country, and tbe iso
lated members without authority; the use
made cf the national administration seems to
have been to promote tbe interest of tbe lead
ers of sedition ; until tho President found him
self with no alternative but to sacrifice alike
bis official duty and his personal honor, or at
a most perilous moment, to reconstruct his
Cabinet on the basis of one or two faithful and
aliie men, the remnant of bis old advisers.
There may he some ground for difference of
opinion as to the probable result, if the same
conduct had been pursued by the administra
tion from the beginning, us has since the re
construction of the Cabinet. Nothing short
ol complete success, rendered only more diffi
cult by his own previous couduct, can now a--rt
from the President, tbe stern condemna
tion of posterity. And the secession party,
prompt, diligent, and sagacious, after securing
from Mr. Buchanan tne utterance of such opin
ions, and the acquiescence in such proceed
ings, as rendered their first organized move
ments safe from interruption; and after treat
all national rights that stood in the way of
t.'icir subsequent movements as mere nullities,
nd all national property in their reach as
lawful plunder; are now diligently engaged
In propagating the sentiment, that all attempts
of the nation even to expire with decencv.
much less to defend its dignity, its honor, its
authority, its military posts, or its property,
should be esteemed outrages on sovereign
States aud be condemned as acts of useless
lolly that can lead only to bloodshed ; seeing
that the premeditated work is done, and all
composition is impossible. At the same criti
cal moment, a signal change manifests itself
ia tho bosom of the party in the North, which
resists all fair settlement, and yet dreads pop
ular revolution there. As long as threats of
violence were particularly empty and insult
ing, they were burted at the South. Now,
hen their disloyal hopes point in another di
rection, tbe method they take to avert the
coming reaction which may save the country,
is to nnite in vehement protests against what
they are pleased to designate as coercion. If
the nution, first deluded and then disgraced,
can be paralyzed and the whole South driv
en into secession the extreme party at the
Sort'i, and the extreme party at the South,
eac.) gains its special ends ; and the mass of
the people every where, and especially in the
great Central States, may, at their leisure,
we to the reality of a situation fatal and de
niable to them which it would have been
fr easier ft.r them to have prevented, than it
ill be to correct. In short, Hit to deter the
7" lOttoi government from ertry act which can
trtn Vnd to restore the Supremacy of the Consti
'.'on, and the integrity of the nation, that the
' "(SJinst what they call coercion, is stibsti
uted for the cry against what they called op
pression, in the first ftfr nf the r.vntt
It is deplorable, in every stage and act
ottnia sad drama, how an almost preternatu
ral ingenuity of error has trifled with the no
wst impulses of tfhe people, and with the
"fipieit : truths which support all our institu
,.l"n Le the dominant party in South Caro
ls start with the political falsehood, that the
iTrf Flhot Slatt are not citizens of the Uni
:aut, except through the constitution and
Wnnment of that State ; and let tbe National
m marai ioa start with the corresponding
r''tlCil Msetood, that the supreme law of the
jfasw( be enforced towards the people of
, '. "arojna, contrary to the wishes and acts
dominant party; and let both parties
ffof rln ,be ddltiona political falsehood,
ton fociely is better than the risk of
lh"lnrui!l ony body in enforcing the laws t
t on Courae nullification, secession, sedi
d; ireJIntIon, anarchy are inevitable pro
l,c 'or Reorganization of society, and pub
ritr r' aDd reQlted liberty, and tbe aecu-
i oi property and life becoroa mora and
more impossible as the organization of socie
ty becomes more and more perfect. We point
edout, on a previous page when exposing
the perfidy of the pretext resorted to in justi
fying the conduct of dominant parties in some
of the free States, touching the rendition of
fugitive slaves the simple aud obvious refu
tation, founded in the double citizenship of
tbe people of the United States; and hero the
refutation is just as clear, and is founded on
the samo truth. By tbe express term;, as
well as by the very nature of the Federal Con
stitution, a secession ordinance in the South
is as totally void as a personal liberty law in
the North possibly can be. The Federal Gov
ernment has no more need to deal with the
South Carolina convention, in executing the
post office laws, the revenue laws, or any oth
er laws than it has to deal with the Massachu
setts Legislature in executing the fugitive
slave law; and there was no more legal ne
cessity, nor any more logical consistency, in
diatribes about lack of power to coerce a State,
in one case than the other. There was no
need, nor any power, to coerce a State in eith
er case; but in both cases the need was ur
gent, and the power was complete, to execute
the Laws of the United States upon every citi
zen of the United States, whatever relation he
might happen to occupy towards any one of
the States ; and to enforce those laws against
all wrongdoers. Nor is thero any considera
tion arising out of the nature or the form of
the opposition, that may be made to the exe
cution of the supreme law, which can go far
ther than to address itself to the sound discre
tion of the national government, in the way
of determining the most proper and effectual,
and at the same time tho least arbitrary, per
ilous, and destructive method of overcoming
the resistance that is made. If the President,
in the exercise of this discretion, allows mill
ions of dollars worth of national property in
buildings, in cash, in munitions of war, to be
seized and held by citizens 'of the United
States in avowed revolt against the geueral
government; if he permits them to take for
cible possession of the national fortresses,
and hold them in armed hostility to the na
tion ; if he permits the officers and soldiers of
the army of the United States, to be taken
prisoners of war, and treated by hostile com
manders as captured enemies; if he permits
armies to be organized, munitions of war to
be collected, batteries to be directed against
the national fortresses; if he permits the flg
of the nation to be torn down from the public
edifices and fortresses, and hostile fl.igs to be
planted on them nay, permits that proud em
blem of our national unity and force to be
fired on with impunity, when it covers an
armed force of the nation; If he allows the
mail to be broken open and the correspond
ence of the government itself to be tampered
with ; the foreign commerce of the country to
be interrupted and the revenue from it seized ;
the internal commerce to be menaced by bat
teries erected under State authority on our
great water courses; if, to add no more, he
permits ambassadors from secession conven
tions and assemblies to menace him with war
in the capital of the nation, and conspirators
plotting the military occupation of the Feder
al City, to go unpunished : it really appears
to us that the most nervous secessionist might
consider the questiou of coercion, as being
about as offensive to the President as to him
self. Every man who has any remaining loy
alty to the nation, or any hope or desire for
the restoration of tho seceding States to the
confederacy ; must see thut what is meunt ty the
outcry against coersion is in the interest of se
cession, and that what is meant is in tjfecl, that
the Federal goccunent must be terrified or se
duced into complete co operation with the revolu
tion, which it was Its most binding duty to
have used all its power and influence to pre
vent. 3. We believe it is the desire of the Amer
ican people tint the present revolution should
be brought to such a conclusion that the Sece
ding States shall all be restored to their posi
tion in the nation ; and that to this end such a
settlement of existing difficulties shall be
made, as will effectually and peacefully secure
this result. In order to that, it is impossible
for the nation to permit anything to be done
by tho general government, which will take
for granted that the state of exaggerated and
disloyal opinion either in the extreme North
or the extreme South, is irrevocably fixed as a
final aud sovereign expression. On tbe con
trary, what the nation must tike for gran!ed,
as the basis of every hope fo peaceful success,
is that a revolution in opinion must take
place in both quarters, in view of the immi
nent peril of our position. But beyond all
doubt, every thing that can strengthen the
hands of the party now dominant, either at
the extreme North or the extreme South
must weaken every hope of any revolution in
opinion every hope of a solution at once
peaceful and successful. Nothing could be so
fatal as the conviction in the mind of loyal
citizens, both in the extreme North and the
extreme South, that the nation does not sym
pathise with them, and will abandon them.
It is, theiefore, sheer folly to weaken the pos
ture of the general government towards the
secession moment. The dutits ot that gov
ernment, are perfectly clear as to their nature
no matter bow diflicult they may be as to
the mode of their performance. Tho nation
has no alternative, tor the movement, but to
abide the firm and sincere performance of
those duties, meantime striving for a settle
ment of tbe whole difficulty. If the seceding
States follow up their past outrages by rushing
into war with the nation, no matter on what pre
text, that will only prove that the pestilence has
already gone beyond the reach of peaceful reme
dies. On the other band, let it be takeu for
granted that the nation cannot be saved and
that a peaceful separation, if that be possible,
is tbe best hope of all parties. Even in tltt
case, and with a view to that result, the posi
tion of tbe general government towards the se
ceding States should be one of forbearance
and moderation indeed, but of unalterable firm
ness. The nation has an interest in the man
ner of this supposed separation, hardly infer
ior to its interest in preventing any separa
tion : nor is the interest of tbe States that may
go out, less permanent and fundamental in
the right ordering of that great, and as we
think terrible result, than any they may sup
pose they have in founding a new empire.
That this particular constitutional government
should fail, is dreadful enough ; but we owe
it to ourselves, to the glorious canso of con
stitutional government, and indeed to the hu
man race, that we should not establish by
our downfall tbe imbecility of republican free
dom ; but, on tbo contrary, that the very
wreck of our institutions should exhibit the
principles of constitutional liberty in con
trast with every aspect of anarchy and in all
their unalterable force and beauty. Let our
ruin be the thousandth proof of the violence
of human passions, and the instability ot hu
man hopes : let it not be a damning evidence
against constitutional government. To us
nothing appears more certaio, than that look'
ing to either result, tbe nation has no neces
sily more imperative, as means to any endura
ble result, than that tbe Federal Government
instead of shrinking from its true position
on the one hand, or resorting to needless vio
lence on the other should accept its true
mission as the representative of the nation,
and so to a great extent master of the situa
tion, and pilot the ark in which such tran
scundent treasures are embarked, courageous
ly amidst the howling waters. God will bring
it to the right heaven: for the prayers of ma
ny hundreds of thousands of his children lie
yet unanswered before his face.
4. It is from a single point of view that we
have conducted this exposition, and it is un
to one single result, that we have directed it.
The point of view is that of one steadily be
holding the imminent and deadly peril of bis
country nay, its ruin, already in some de
gree accomplished, and hastening to be com
plete; aud the single result developed, is the
salvation of the country the whole country.
Many topics have, therefore, been passed in
silence, which, from any other point of view,
or in expounding any other result, would have
required careful treatment ; and many other
topics eminently pertinent here, have been
omitted, because we have already discussed
them on a recent occasion. It is of the last
importance, that we should not be deceived
by appearances, or misled either by our hopes
or our terrors. The voice that can alone si
lence the storm that is raging around us the
hand that is alone competent to grasp and to
crush every element of disorder that voice
has not yet spoken, that hand has not yet put
forth its strength : it is the voice and the hand
of this great nation. It is time for it to speak
time for it to act. If we may dare to trust
all the lessons ot tbe past, it will be true to
itself true to every one who is faithful to it.
In that case we are safe ; though we may suf
fer much and long belore tho end is reached.
Our civilization, in its present form, is the
growth of nearly a century the growth of
two centuries and a half on this continent
tbe growth of all preceding ages in the old
wot Id, before its best inhabitants came hither,
to construct society afresh out of all tbe treas
ures of the past. Tbe gigantic oaks of the
forest are not planted more deeply the ever
lasting mountains have not a surer foundation
than our American Civilization. Let tbe
nation stir itself as a giant, waking from 'his
slumber. Let the voice of God be heard a-
raiingst us, as the voice of many waters, and
as the voice of a great thunder. Let us not
hold our -peace, let us not rest, till the peril
is overpassed, that we should be termed Forsa
ken and our land be termed Desolate nor till
our country be as a crown of glory in the hand
of the Lord, and as a royal diadem in tbe band
of our God !
A Good Story. The Charlestonians tell a
good story at their own expense, which well
illustrates the want of discipline. A company
was keeping guaid at tho Arsenal. The Col
onel of the Regiment passing by, saw the sen
tinel inattentive to b duty. lie took away
his gun, then entered the Arsenal. A subor
dinate officer was concocting a cocktail.
" Where is the Captain ?" tho Colonel asked.
"Up stairs."
"Please say to him that I want to see him."
Well, after I take a driik," said the subal
tern. After swallowing his toddy, he went up
staiis to the Captain.
"Tho Colonel is down stairs, and wants to
see you, Captain."
" Well, if he wants to see me more than I do
him, just tell him to walk up," said the Cap
tain, who was lying on a bed.
Tho Colonel went up stairs, and found the
Captain taking things easy. "Sir, you ought
to bo drilling your company. Your sentinel
dou't know how to do his duty, and I took
his gun from him."
"Well, I dare say he will be much obliged
to you, I reckon he was tired carrying it."
A Hitch in Secession. Governor Brown
assures tho people of Georgia that he has
watched the case of Greiner, who was arrest
ed in Philadelphia on a charge of aiding tbe
enemies of the government, and if he is bang
ed, the valiant Governor will retaliate by
hanging two citizens of such Northern State
U3 shall hang one of the South. The Savan
nah Republican, commenting upon the an
nouncement, reminds tbe Governor "that the
President of the Confederate States alone
possesses f lie power to act in the premises."
Oh, no, Mr. Republican, you are entirely ia
error. Governor Brown has seceded from the
Confederate States on this subject, and will
exercise the supreme authority of the State.
Perhaps the next case that may arise, be will
allow the Conlederato government to manage.
There is nothing like State rights. "In those
days there was no king in Israel, and every
man did that which was right in his own eyes."
The Voice ob the English People The
voice of the masses of the English people be
gins to be beard. Tbe following is an extract
of a letter received in New York from a mem
ber of a large manufacturing firm in Birming
ham. The letter is dated on the 21th of May :
"We can assure you that we are filled with
conflicting feelings by the sad events which
are now occuring in your country ; with sor
row at the contemplation of the dire catastro
phe of civil war, which, according to the latest
news from America, seems inevitable ; but
with pride and pleasure by the noble and en
thusiastic patriotism of the people of the North
in response to the call for troops by the Presi
dent. Our hopes and confidence are centered
in the North; with her success civilization Is
sure to progress rapidly. But what a gloomy
future would tbo success of the South ensure
for humanity ! God forbid it !"
By latest New Orleans papers we gather that
the chief amusements there are paying ten
dollars per barrel for. flour, three per cent a
month for money, lamenting the loss of Ice,
fighting the mosquitoes, and hunting abolition
ists. -W e presume, at John Phoenix once said
of Cairo, that "tbe gay season will shortly o
pen with great eclat, commencing with small
pox, followed with the cholera, and ending
with yellow fever."
MATRIMONIAL INFELICITIES.
"My dear," I said to the lady who was sea
ted opposite me at the breakfast table, and
who had the good fortune to be my wife, "if
mere be one thing I dislike more than anoth
er, it is to receive a cup of coffee that looks as
it it had been sipped from before it reached
my hands. Have I not often asked you to fill
ray cup within an eighth of an inch of the rim,
and not give it to me half or three-quarters
inn j"
"You are as particular as an old bachelor."
tbe estimable lady replied, "and if I had
known it before I married you this day would
not nave seen me your wife. There, sir, is
jour cup of coffee. I hope it will suit.you."
"Good gracious I" I exclaimed, as I took
the cup. now "you have managed to run it
over. You must certainly be aware that if
there be one thing I dislike more than another,
it is to find slops in my saucer."
"Well, if you will insist upon my filling the
cup, you must expect that sometimes 1 shall
spill it over ; besides, your finding fault with
me does no good, but makes me nervous, and
causes my hand to tremble, so that I only
wonder that there is any coffee left in the cup.
But here is a clean saucer, ia place of the one
you have."
Having affected this important change. I
tasted the contents of my cup. It was evident
to me that there was no sugar in it. I tasted
again to make certain of the fact. Then I
said to her :
- 'Yon have neglected to put sugar in my
coffee. If there be one thing I dislike more
than another, it is coffee unsweetened."
"I am certain," replied my estimable spouse,
that I did sweeten it. I don't think you
have stirred it."
"But I know I have." I answered.
' "Not with your spoon," said the provoking
woman, "for it is perfectly dry ; perhaps,
however, you used your fork."
"Pshaw !" was all the answer I vouchsafed
to this remark.
"Now, I declare," I said, after having stir
red and sipped my coffee, "you have made it
too sweet. If there be one thing I dislike
more than another, it is to have my coffee taste
like syrup."
"Let me put more milk with it then !" said
tho obliging woman.
"No, I thank you," I replied, "1 don't
care to have my stomach turned into a dairy.
It there bo one thing I dislike more than a-
nother, it is milk. I gave up milk diet when
I cut my first teeth."
'It is to be hoped-that you will give up the
habit of fault-finding, which you possess in an
eminent degree, when you come to cut vour
wisdom teeth, though no one can tell when
that will be."
"Thank you," I replied, yoo will probably
be the first who will know it when that occurs."
"And a happy day it will be for me," she
answered with provoking calmness. "Few
know, though, how much unhappmess your
constant fault-finding causes me. Nothing I
do seems to give you any satisfaction. There
isn't a moment elapses, while you are in the
house, save when you're asleep, but you are
thus occupied. The truth is, I have always
been too indulgent with you, and humor you
when I onght not. I didn,t commence right
in the first place. I should have paid no at
tention to your whims, but studied my own
convenience and comfort, instead of seeking
to make everything smooth and pleasant for
you. Then X would nave got along much bet
ter. Oh, you men are great tyrants, and if a
woman yields to yon in the least, you follow
np your advantage, and bend her will to yours,
and crush her spirit to tho earth, till by and by,
vou iTisak her heart."
"My dear, I will thank yon for another cup
of coffee," I said, passing niy cup to her ;
but be careful not to run it over, nor get it
too sweet, nor put in too much milk. What
an intolerable steak this is," I added ; "it is
tough enough to have been cut from one of the
cattle pastured upon a thousand hills more
than a thousand years ago. If there be one
thing I dislike more than another, it is a tough
beefsteak."
'You ordered it vourself, from the market
so you needn't find fault with me on account
of it. I knew it was tough the moment I
looked at it."
"Then why didn't you send it back ?" I en
quired.
"Because, as it was yonr selection, I sup
posed you wanted a tough one ; besides, if I
bad returned it, yon would have found fault
with me for doing so."
"Well. I can't eat it, that's certain," I said ;
so it had better be taken off the table. I shan't
throw any more money away on beefsteak."
"Oh, it will answer for hash," said mv eco
nomical wife, "and you can have it for dinner."
"Hash!" I exclaimed. "If there bo one
thing I dislike more than another, it is hash.
Hash is only fit for children and old people
without teeth. Besides, it is a popular dish at
boarding schools and boarding bouses; and
when I was a boy, and afterward, white a bache
lor, I ate my share of it, and I'm not going to
eat any more. .No, we ll have a turkey for
dinner."
"Very well," said my spouse, "a turkey lot
it be. Shall I see to getting one ?"
"I think not," I answered. "Tho fact is
that all tbe turkeys you select, turn out to be
like tbe celebrated one of which Job was the
reputed owner poor and tough. No, I'll buy
the turkey and you can cook it."
" Very well," said tbo imperturbable lady.
"But how will you have it cooked ?"
"Oh, any way ; suit yourself." I answered.
"Then I think I will roast it," she replied.
"Roast it!" I exclaimed. "That Is just
like you. Now, you know that if there be one
thing I dislike more than another, it is to have
a turkey roasted."
"Very well, then," said the accommodating
woman, "I will boil it."
'Boil it!" I said agast. "Boil soup, boil
lamb chops, boil cherries, if you like, but nev
er, for me, boil a turkey."
"Pray, then, how will you have it cooked 1
Only tell me, and it shall be done." -
"Why why well fricassee it, of conrse."
I answered triumphantly.
"Very well," said the lady, looking, how
ever, as if it were not very well.
"Why can't you say something else besides
very well V " "What a provoking woman
you are, to Je sure."
"Not half so provoking as you are," she re
plied - ' -
.Now, then, yon wish to make me angry, I
suppose; bnt you can't do it," I said. "1
have pnt op with everything all through break
fast, and I am not going to be provoked just
as i am finishing."
I am sure I don't wish to provoko yon,"
my wife said, in a most innocent and aggrieved
manner.
"But you certainly do provoke me," I re
plied. "Then I am sorry for it," she answered, in
a softening tone, "tor such was not my inten
tion." I looked across the table at my wife ;
something like a tear rolled down her cheek.
"Goodness!" I whispered to myself, ''I
have made my wife weep. What a what a
brute I am."
Then speaking aloud, I exclaimed :
"Darling!"
"Well," was her calm reply.
"Do you know," I continued, "that if there
be one thing I dislike more than another, it is
a tear."
She answered simply with a sad smile.
Sweet-heart J" I said.
"Well."
"Cook the tnrkey any way you please."
She shook her head.
I left niy seat, (having finished my break
fast,) went to ber side, and smoothed ber pale
cheek with my hand, I kissed it and said i
'Forgive me, dear, this time."
She smiled dubiously, as if "this time"
was only one out of the "seventy times seven"
which she would be called on to forgive dur
ing our matrimonial career: but nevertheless,
the pressure of her hand, which I bad ta&eu, as
sured me that peace was made.
Found His Match. We heard and saw a
good thing some time ago. In a Court of
Sessions a petty case was being tried. A
well-known criminal lawyer, who prides him
self on bis skill in cross-examining a witness,
had an odd looking genius upon whom to op
erate. Tbe witness was a shoemaker
You say, sir, that the prlsouer is a thief?"
"Yes, sir, cause why, she confessed it."
"And you also swear she bound shoes for
you subsequent to the confession 1"
"I do, sir."
"Then (giving a sagacious look to the Court)
we are to understand that you employ dishon
est people to work for you, even after their
rascalities are known ?"
"Of course ; how else could I get assistance
from a lawyer ?"
The counsellor said "stand aside," and in a
tone which showed that if be had the witness'
head in a bark mill no mercy might have been
expected. Tbe judge nearly choked himself
in a futile attempt to make the spectators be
lieve that a laugh was nothing but a l.iccougb,
while the witness stepped off the stand with all
tbe gravity of a fashionable undertaker.
Eight to One. One of Ellsworth's Zouaves
at Alexandria relates that as the federal troops
entered Alexandria, the rebel soldiers scram
bled hastily on board a railroad train which
stood ready at the other end of the town, and
in their hurry to depart forgot tbe mail bag.
The Zouaves secured it as a trophy, and sum
marily cracked it open. Among its contents
was a letter from tbe rebel officer in command
at Alexandria, addressed to his superjor in the
Virginia lines, running somewhat after this
fashion : "Send eight thousand troops here
immediately. We are momentarily expect
ing the arrival of one thousand Zouaves from
Washington."
Eight thousand against one thousand is
therefore regarded as the proper proportion.
Tbe eight thousand didn't appear in time, but
the Zouaves did, and the Alexandria soldiers
beat a pracipitate retreat. The rebels have
always counted one Southerner equal to eight
Northern men ; but it now appears that the
conditions are reversed eight rebels are ne
cessary to conquer one loyal man.
Best Depth for Setting Milk. A corres
pondent of the Homestead relates the follow,
ing experiment: Ou the 8th of April we set
two pails of milk, weighing forty-seven pounds
ten ources, in two tin pails ten inches deep.
The next day we set tbe quantity of milk from
the same cows two inches deep in pans. These
were placed on the same shelf with the first,
and of course in the same temperature, which
was near 60 deg. In four days the first milk
was four and skimmed, yielding three pounds
two ounces of cream, which being allowed to
stand one day made one pound eight ounces
of butter. The other milk, standing the same
length of time, yielded four pounds eight
ounces of cream, making two pounds one
ounce of butter, a difference of nino ounces
in favor of setting the milk shallow. This is
a gain of 37$ per cent, over the depth of ten
inches.
Felt Cloth. -A peculiar mode of making a
kind of felt of cloth, is that by the pneumatic
process, without spinning, weavlug, or any a
nalogous machinery. Into an air-tight cham
ber is put a quantity of flocculent particles of
wool which, by a kind of winnowing wheel,
are kept floating equally. On one side of the
chamber is a netw.ork of gauze of metal, com
municating with another chamber from which
the air can be abstracted by an exhausting
syringe, or air pump, and on the communica
tions between the chambers being opened, tbe
air rushes with great force to supply the par
tial vacum in the exhausted chambers, carry-
ng the flocculent particles against the net
ting, and so interlacing the fibers, that a cloth
of boautif ul fabric and close texture is instan
taneously made.
Monkeys as food. Mr. Edwards, in his
"Voyage up the Amazon," has some curious
comments on tbe varieties of diet in his party.
He says monkeys are eaten In the region, and
are esteemed beyond the wild game. When
cooked they make a' most delicious dish,
though tho rules by which they are served np
are not to be found in any of tbe numerous
cook books. One of Mr. Edwards' party shot a
sloth, and bad the animal skinned with tbe
intention of preserving the body for an anato
mical friend. But the cook was too alert, and
bad tbe sloth in tbe stew pan before an expla
nation was made. Tbe banters did their best
to look with favor npon tbe dish, but the lean
and tough flesh could not be compared to tbe
delicate flavor of a monkey.
Tbe number of prizes taken in Hampton
roads since the enforcement of tbe blockade
is about forty, and their aggregate value Is es
timated at abont $1,000,000. Tbe schooner
Haxall, captured by tbe Minnesota, bad a car
go of manufactured tobacco, of snperior qual
ity, rained at $100,000.
THE JOURNAL.
SUMMARY OF WAS NEWS
Jcne 10. A man named Faucit, was c.ipt Di
ed by Provost Marshall Medler, when about to
leave Alexandria in a suspicious back with a
negro driver. Important papers were lound
in the negro's boots and sewed up in the cush
ions, and from papers found upon Mr. Faucit,
and in his house, it was evident that be had
been regularly communicating information of
the movements of our troops to the traitors at
Manassas Junction, and in return bringing in
structions to the secret Secessionists who
have not yet left. Most of tho letters found
upon the negro were written from Manassas,
and many contained appeals to their friends
to remove from Alexandria as soon as possi
ble. This man Faucit has been receiving
passes regularly from the provost marshal un
der the guise of being a Union man. From
the letters thus captured, it is certain that a
regular system is kept np by which all tbe do
ings of tbe Administration and the army are
forwarded South and placed in tho bands of
Jeff. Davis and his Cabinet.
The vote on secession in Tennessee disap
pointed the hopes of Confederate leaders. A
targe Union vote was polled both in Middle
and East Tennessee. In Middle Tennessee,
tbe Hon. Wm. 11. Polk, as commander ot a
home regiment, is making a fine stand for the
Union, lie cordially acts with Governor
Johnson, who has almost unanimously carried
the eastern portion of tho State. ' At Knox
ville, (East Tennessee,) the Unionists are fully
armed for war, and only waiting lor the assis
tance of the Federal authorities. They ex
pect speedy aid through Kentucky. If Gov
Johnson does not assume his place in tbe Sen
ate on the 4th of July, it will be because of
bis necessary presence as commander-in-chief
of the home forces. He is fully alive to tbe
responsibility of his position, and exhibits a
Jacksonian will, courage, and determination.
A number of large balloons have been pre
pared for the use of the Government during
tho war. One of these, under the direction
of Mr. James Allen, of the Rhode Island Reg
iment, was inflated yesteidav, at the corner of
Massachusetts avenue and Third street, and
moved to tbe camp of the R.I. Regiment, theu
under orders to hold themselves ready to
march. The balloon will be used to obtain
views of tbe position and movements of the
army.
The rebels crossed the river at Mercersville,
on Saturday night, and attempted to seize
some canal boats with 800 barrels of flour, but
failed in consequence of the Sharpsburg Home
Guards being stationed there. The Guards,
under Captains Seitler and Hewitt, drove
them back to Mercersville, above Shepherds
town. . Tbe Virginians burnt three canal boats
and destroyed two locks.
Important advices lrom Mr. Dayton repre
sent the aspect of American afiairs before the
French Courts as exceedingly flattering to tbe
United States Government. Tho Eurperor,
who has perhaps, a more accurate understand
ing of our national affairs than any other
crowned head in Europe, has no idea of recog
nizing the secession States.
It is generally believed in posted circles
that the prompt action of the State Depart
ment in regard to the jeopardized mission to
Vienna has secured a better understanding,
and that the Hon. Anson Burlingame will not
come home.
It is now understood that General Cadwala
der was relieved of his command in Baltimore
for the purpose of taking tbe more responsible
command of the expedition to Harpers Ferry,
which begun its movement on Saturday night.
Jdne 11. It is supposed by some, that the
rebels will not make a desperate fight until
they reach Richmond. There will, of course,
be skirmishes at Manasses Junction, and oth
er places, but the bloody battle will be fought
near Richmond. They will be compelled tc
retreat to this point by the overpowering Fed
eral force, but a desperate resistance will then
have to be made, or their cause is lost.
Arlington Heights was to have been attacked
last night ; and it is said, that a largo force of
rebel Civaly, infantry, and artillery bad bcou
within two miles, but for some cause not
known, withdrew again. The Federal forces
were in readiness to repel them.
The Indiana Zouaves reached Cumberland',
Maryland, without any trouble. No Seces
sionists were seen, and the people of Cumber
land are friendly. The railroad is clear be
tween Cumberland aud Wheeling, and trains
are running.
An agent from Gov. Curtin, is at Washing
ton, with new blue uniforms for tbe 4th and
5tb Pennsylvania regiments, provided by tbe
State. Many of these brave fellows were most
sadly in need of them, aud to all they will b
welcome.
Tbe Surveyor of customs at Evansville, In
diana, has informed the owners of Steamers,
that the transportation of provisions to Smith
field and Paducah, Ky., was in violation of
the instructions of the Government, and pro
hibited. It is reported at Frederick, that much dis
affection exists among the Kenluckiaas on tbe
Maryland Heights, and tbe rumor is current
that, in a few days they intend displaying the
Stars and Stripes, and probaly desert ia a
body.
About twenty-five canal boats were destroy
ed by the rebels at Harper's Ferry, to prevent
them being used to transport the advancing
column from Chambersburg across the Po
tomac. Many delegates are on their way to the
Wheeling Convention, to form a Provisional
Government. Quite a number of counties
east of tbe Allegheuies are represented.
Gen. Scott will not make an important at
tack nntil the fortications around tbe Capitol
are entirely completed and tbe guns mounted.
The work is progressing rapidly.
It is asserted, the rebels troops have been
withdrawn from the Point ol Rocks, below
Harper's Ferry, and that they are now with
main body at the latter place.
Recruits for the Confederate array are be
coming scarce, and two dollars Is now offered
for each one bronght to tbe recruiting officer.
From tbo best available sources it is be-,
lieved that the entire Secession force in Vir
ginia, is between 50,000 and 60,000.
Tbe Cbralestoa Mercury of the 6tb, reports
that a privateer bad captured, off Georgetown,
a Portland brig valued at $40,000.
It is said, that Beauregard has a fore of:
twenty thousand, men under bis command, as
JIanasaea Junction.
Col. Magrqder, formerly of the U. S. Anny,
is the commander of the rebels at Bethal.
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