u
BY S. B. KOW.
CLEABHELD, PA., "WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 27, 1858.
VOL. 4.-NO. 23.
LOVE'3 SEASONS AND EEAS02TS.
BY IR. MACK AT.
I love Tii j- lore in spring time,' ' '
For beauty fresh as May,
: For checks like early rose?,
For eyes as bright aa day,
.tor breath like balm of lilies,
For ?iniles liko sunrise clear ;
I lore my lore in spring time,
"And love her all the year.
I love my lore in summer,
- For promise warm and trno ;
For truth like noonday throwing ;
A light on old and new ; --
For wealth of bloom and freshness,
For shady comfort near,
I love my love in summer,
And love her all the year.
I love my love in cutumn.
For fruit of gentle deeds,
. For wisdom to be garnered
To servo our future needs;
For virtues ripening ever,
Like harvests full in ear;
I love my love in autumn,
And love her all the year.
I love my love in winter,
For charities untold,
For warmth ot household welcome,
For looks that thaw thecold ;
For harmless mirth and pastime,
And rich as christmaschcer;
I love my love in winter,
And love her all the year.
SUT LOVENGOOD'S LIZZARDS.
58 EIT DCLLEK3 KEW-ARD.
'This cash will be paid in korn or produce
lu be colectid at ur aboute nex kampuietin by
euy wun what kotchis him, for the carkus ov
wun Sutty Lovengood ded ur alive an safely
gia over tu the kare of Passon John Bullin at
Squire mack Junkius fur a raisin or the devil
pcrmiscusly, discumfurtin the wimen powerful
an a skarin ov folks gineraly at the ratil snaix
springs big meeting." signed by me
"John Bcllix the Passon."
"attested tu by Jehu Wethoron."
I found written copies of 'the above highly
intelligible and vindictive proclamation stuck
up on very blacksmith shop, doggery and
store door in the Frog Mountain range. lis
bloodthirsty, vindictive spirit, its style, and,
above all, its chiragra;.hy, interested me to
the extent of stealing one from a tree for pre
servation. In a few days I found Sut in a good crowd in
front of Ca'pehers's small doggery, and as he
proved to be abont "in tune," I read it to him.
"Tes, George, that ar dockymint am in ycarn
est, sartin. They dus want me powerful bad,
but I spect eit dullers wont fetch me. I'll go
myself for fifty, planked down, ef yu'Il go
long and see me hev justice. Lite, lite, old
feller, an let that roan boss ov yourn blow a
' little, and I'll splain thi3 cussed afar what has
ruinated my karacter as a pius purson in the
society about here. Ye see, I went to last
year's big meetin at- Ratil Snaix Springs, an
wer sittin in a nice shady place conversin with
"a fiien in the hi.ckil berry thicket, when the
fust thing I know'd I woke from a trance, what
I'd been knocked inter "by a fout ycarold hick
ory stick ia the hand of ole Passon Bullin,
durn bis alligator lookin hide ! an' he wur
standing a straddle ov me, a foamin at the
month an a preaehin tu me about sartin sins
an my wickedness ginerally. My poor frien
wur gone, an I was glad ov it, fur I thot he
meut tu kill me with his club ef he failed tu
. preach me ta deth, an I didn't want her tu see
me die.
"Who was the friend you speak of, Sut V
"N-n-n o-v y-o-it-r b-i-s-n-i-s duin your lit
tle ankshus picter ! But I'll tell ye one thing,
George ; that nite a neighbor gal got an orful
counfounded stroppin frnm her mam with the
stirrup lethor over a saddil, an oldPassin Bul
lin had et snpper tliar that nite; and what's
! , w3 nur all,,she cooked it fur him an begged
him a trimblin and crying not ta tell on her,
' the durne, infernal, hiperkritikal, pot-bellied,
; whiskey-wasting old ground hog ; but I paid
him fur it all, ef I haint I will. I mean tu
" keep a paying ov him all the time. Well, at
nex big meetin at Ratil Snaix, I wur on hand,
- a solemn as a hat kerier at collection time,
. far I had promised the old bog tu cum an be
. oonvarted, jist to keep him from killin me. I
tuck a seat on the steps ov the pnlpit, to prove
H wur in ycarnest. Thcr wus a monstrous
' crowd in that ar grove, an ole Bullin wur a
preaehin tn em at an orful rate how the Hell
Sarpints wud serve em if they didn't repent
how they'd ciawl over them, rap thar tails
roun thar necks, poke thar tungs inter thar
eyes an blow inter thar cars ; and ef it wur a
woman, how they'd coil in her bussum, an try
tu crawl down under her frockstring. An he
had em hot, hollering, au scared ; the fac is,
the thing was a workin powerful. Now I'd
kotch five big grey pot-bellied lizzards, and
bed em in a little narrer bag, what I made a
pnrpos thar tails, at the bottom, an picked as
tite ns a bundil OT sVicks.
"So while he was atarin onto his tip-toes,
mbenenst tu any body,! ontied my poke an
Tit tho mouth tip under h britches leg, and
g 'a their legs a squcese an a shake, when they
ah'nk tip his bar leg, making or a noise sor
ter ike squirrels a climbin a she bark hick
ory. He stopped preaehin an lookeafor a mo
men iike he wur a listnin for suntbing,, sorter
like b, ole sow dus when she hears you whistle
for tfct fogs. I ge a big groan, an hild my
"bed atecn my knus. Then ho commenctd
a slapinov his self ar ye cut the steak out
-ov a beef, then he'd fecu a rub whar a bosses
tail sprouts, then he stomp, then run his
-hand atween his waisbuian i,j3 shirt emd reach
down au roun mitily w it then he spread
bis big legs und give bis. .ck a good shakin,
sort ov a rub agin the pulpit sorter liko a hog
scratches agin a stump ; a leaning to his work
powerful, and squirming generally az it he'd
jist cum outen a dog bed, or hed slep on a pis
ant trail. About this time wun ov my lizzards
(scared and hurt, I spose, by all his rubin and
scratcbin and slappin) poked his hed out a
tween the passon's shirt collar an his old brown
neck, tuck a peep at the circumstances, and
dodged back agin.
"Old Bullin's speech now com tu him ; his
eyes stickin out like two buckeyes flung agin
a mud wall, an his voice trimblin : Sez he,
"Bretberin, take keer ov ycrsefs, the Hell Sar
pints hev got me !" Sum ov the wimmin fotch
a painter yell, an a ramrod leged doctor what
sot near me, allowed it wur a clar case ov De
licious Tremendjus, an I thot ho wur rite, fur
it wur tremendjns afore it wus dun with. Off
went tho claw-hammer coat, an he flung it a
hind him like he wur a gwine inter a Cte, (he
hed no jackit on). Nex he fotch his shirt over
his hed faster nur I got outen my pasted wun,
an he flung it up in the air like he didn't care
a durn if hit kept up forever, but hit lodged
onto a black jack. I seed wun ov my lizzards
a racin about over the big old dirty lookin
shirt, skared like the devil. Then he gin a
sorter shake an a twist, on he cum outen his
britches, an he tuck em by the bottom ov the
legs an swung em round his hed a few times
an then fotch cm down cherslap over the frutit
ov the pulpit. You cud have beam the smash
a quarter ov a mile J Nigh onto about fifteen
shortened biskit, a briled chickin with his legs
crossed, a big dubil-bladed nife, a slab ov ter
backcr, a pipe, sum copper ore specimens, a
heep of brakin' glass, a cork, a sprinkil ov
whiskey, a squirt an' three ov my lizzards flew
perm iskusly all over that ar meetin' ground,
outen the tipper ind ov tbem big flax britches.
Wun ov the smartest ov my blue lizzards lit
bed fust inter the bussum ov a fat woman, as
big as a skin'd boss, and nigh onto as ngly,
who sot thirty yards off a fannin' herselt with
a tucky tail, an' smart tu tho last, bit com
menced runnin' down. So she wur bound to
faint, an' did it fust rate ; jist flung her tucky
tail np in the air, rolled down the bill, tangled
her legs an' garters in the top nv a hnckilber
ry bush, an' war thar all safe, fair an' qniet
when I left.
"Now old Bullin had nuthin left on him but
a pair of bevy low quartered shoes, short
woolia socks, an' eel skin garters tu keep off
the cramp, an' his skare wur a growiu on him
fast. He wur plum crazy, fur he jist spit in
his hands an' leaped over the frunt uv the pul
pit rite inter the middle uv the pius part uv
the kongregation, kerdiff, and sot in tu gittin'
away. lie run, or rether went in a lumberin'
gallop, heavy, like an old wagon boss skared
at a locomotive. When he jumped a bench he
shook the yearth an' his self to. Bonnets
an' fans clared the way, an' he hed a purfectly
fair track tu the woods. lie weighed nigh on
to three hundred, hud a black stripe down his
back like onto an old bridle rein, an' his bel
ly looked about the size an' culler uv a big
beef paunch, an' hit a shakin' from side to
side. He leaned back frum it like a little fel
ler a totin' uv a big drum at muster, an' I
hearn it slosh plum tu wher I wur. Thar wur
cramp knot3 on his legs as big as walnuts, an'
all over he minded me uv a crazy ole elephant
whatwnr possessed uv the devil, with hits
years, snout an' tushes sawed off, an' rared up
au' gwine on hits hind legs away frum emedi
ate trubble and tribulation. He did the loud
est an' scariest an' fussiest runnin' I ever seed
sicce dad raced with tho hornets, to be no
faster than it wur.
Well, he disappeared in the thicket, and
ov all the noises ye ever beam, it wur thar in
a cirkle of two hundred feet ar thar abouts
sum wimen screamin they wus the skeery
wuns ; sum larfin they wus the wicked wus;
sum cryin they wus the fool wuns, (sorter
ov the Lovengood stripe ;) sum tryin tu git a
way ur hide thar faces they wus the modest
wuns ; sum lookin' arter ole Bullin they wus
the curious wuns ; sum hangin to tliar bows
they wus the sweet wuns ; sum on thar Knees
with thar eyes shut, but thar faces turned tho
way the old mudturkil wus a runnin tbey
wus tho deceitful wuns ; sum duin nothin
they wus the waitio wuns, and the most dan
gerous ov all ov em by a durnd long sites. I
tuck a big skeer myself, arter a bibil about as
big as abrick4adisiplin, an a book called a
kataplasm, a few rocks, and sich liko fruit
spattered onto the pulpit ni onto my bed ; and
as the Lovengoods, durn em knows nothin but
tu run when they git skard, I jist put toward
the swamp on the krick. As I started a black
bottil ov boldface smashed agin a tree fornist
me. Sum durnd fool perfessor dun this, who
hed more zeal then sence ; fur I say that any
man who'd wast a quart ov good whisky fur
the chance ov knockin a poor devil liko mo
down with it, if the bottil was wurth nuthin,
isn't as smart as old squire Mackmullin, an he
shot his self with a hoe handil, and hit warnt
loaded at that. Well, you know, George, I
ortcr run fast jist look at these legs I used
em sum atween that meetin grownd an the
swamp, and they haint kotch me yet.
"Ole Barbelly Bullin (as they call him) since
uis tribulation with the hell sarpints, haint
rreched but wunst, and then he hadn't an wo
wam ta beer him. His tex was, "nakid I cum
onto this wurld an I'm agwine outon it the
same way ef I'm spared till then." I'm told
twar a powerful sarmint it was hearn three
miles. He proved that nakidness warnt much,
arter all,et you take the rite Tiew ov the
thlng-that hell sarpints ov all sizes wus skee
ry, cold and trubilsum that it warnt tn be
expected ov him, a poor, weak, frail wan ov
the dust, to be sarpint ur lizzard proof either
that wun small sarpint of the tribe ov.mll
cizidick ruinated a wurld through an woman
while he wur beset with a barri! full ov em.
An sixteentbly an finally that Sut Lovengood
is the biggest raskil, fool, and skare-crow ever
hatched in the mountain range.
"Now, George, that all may be bo, but I
want you tu tell oldGrownhog this for me ef
he'll let me alone I'll let him alona; and ehe
don't, if I don't lizzard him agin I wish I may
be durned inter a poultice. Lets go ta the
spring and mix a little ov hit with this yere
whisky, (shaking his flask,) afore you start.
Mind, tell ole Barbelly what I sed abont a
nuther big skeer, with say a peck ur a peck
and a half ov lizzards fry an skeer him if you
kin good bye." -
GOV. PACKER'S INAUGURAL.
The inauguration of William F. Packer, as
Governor of Pennsylvania, took place on Tues
day the 19th inst. The concourse of people
was large, and the proceedings were very
interesting. After the oath of office had been
administered, Gov. Packer delivered his in
augural address. He expressed his thanks to
the people for the honor conferred npon him,
and engaged to regard the will of the people,
the public good, and the commands of the
Constitution as the guiding lights by which his
course shall be directed. He desired to cul
tivate the most amicable relations with his fel
low citizens of the Senate, and House of Rep
resentatives, and to unite with them in the a
doption of all such measures as the public good
may require. He alluded to the duties of the
Executive, the veto power, disapproved of the
practice of the Governor keeping bills in bis
possession until they become laws without his
signature, and stated that all bills not approved
by him within ten days after the adjournment
may bo considered as awaiting the next meet
ing of the General Assembly to be returned
with the Executive disapproval. In regard to
the bank question, he says :
"The currency of the State is in such a dis
ordered condition that a general and whole
some pnblic opinion demands its reform and
the establishment of effectual barriers against
future convulsions. This is a subject which
will test the intelligence, the firmness, and the
patriotism of the representatives of the peo
ple in the legislative department, and may im
pose grave responsiblities upon the Executive.
My views are decidedly hostile to the emission
and circulation of small notes as a currency ;
to the increase of banking capital under pres
ent arrangements ; and to the issue of bank
paper upon securities inadequate for their re
demption. The want of uniformity in the le
gal provisions under which existing banks op
erate, is objectionable. In the revision and
amendment of our banking system, the public
interests, in my opinion, demand tho extension
of the specie basis upon which issues arc made;
the suppression of the smaller denominations
of notes heretofore allowed ; thorough reports
of the condition, and business of banks with
their frequent publication ; additional securi
ty, (other than specie,) to consist of the bonds
of this State or of the United States, for the
redemption of circulating notes, including in
all cases proper individual liability of stock
holders and directors, fitted for convenient and
actual enforcement ; with a supervisory and
controlling power in some proper officer or de
partment of the Government, to restrain or
suspend the action of banks in case of their
violation or evasion of the law.
"When a specie currency shall be secured
to the people by prohibiting the circulation of
bills of a small denomination, it will be highly
desirable that the fiscal affairs of the State
governments shall be wholly separated from
those of the banks : in other words, that the
money transactions of the government, both in
its collections and disbursements, shall be in
tho legal coin of the country. Whenever a
practicable, convenient and efficient scheme
for the operations of the Treasury upon such
a ba.-iis can be presented to me, by the repre
sentatives of the people, it will meet with a
cheerful approval. There are difficulties in
tho case, however, far greater than those sur
mounted by the general government, in the es
tablishment of its Independent Treasury sys
tem ; but the object being one of the first mag
nitude, and calculated to exercise a most sal
utary influence upon the action of the govern
ment, and upon the business of the banks and
the people, it is well worthy of earnest con
sideration. .
"In reforming the currency, a single Slate
can accomplish but a moderate amount of
good, however sincere, intelligent and earnest
it may be, without the co-operation of other
States, and especially of those which adjoin it.
Bank notes are not stopped in their flow by
imaginary State lines, nor does it seem possi- j
ble for a State altogether to prevent foreign
notes from circulating within her borders,
even by the most stringent enactments. We
must, therefore, invoke onr sister States to
join with us in the repression of small paper,
and in such other particulars of reform as re
quire for complete success their co-operation.
Meantime, to the extent of our power, let us
exert ourselves to furnish our citizens with a
safe and stable currency ; to prevent future fi
nancial revulsions similar to that under which
the community bas for some tirao been strug
gling ; and to relieve the Government in its
fiscal action, from the danger of depreciated
or worthless paper, and the embarrassments
arising from dependence upon corporations of
her own creation."
The Governor says tinder the sinking fund
act of 1849, the public indebtedness has been
but slightly diraished ; but that he shall con
sider it ono of the leading duties of his admin
istration to see that the recent amendment to
the Constitution relative to an effective sink
ing fund, bo carried out in letter and spirit.
He considers a thorough revision of the laws
in relation to incorporations is imperiously de
manded by the public interest. He says :
Our Common School system is justly dis
tinguished as one of the most practical and
efficient in tho Union. Let us then cherish
this traditional policy, coming down to us from
the fathers of the Commonwealth, and by ev
ery means in our power foster and strengthen
the measures now successfully producing the
results so ardently desired by the patriotic
men who have gone before us."
Gov. Packer then alludes to the Kansas
question, and takes the Douglas view of it in
the following paragraph:
"To the people of Pennsylvania the admis
sion of a new State into tho Union into that
confederacy of which she is a member must
be at all times a subject of high interest. And
I believe I express their sentiments as well as
my own, in declaring that all the qualified
electors of a Territory should have a full and
fair opportunity to participate in selecting del
egates to form a Constitution preparatory to
admission as a State, and, if desired by them,
they should be allowed an unqualified right to
rote upon such Constitution after it is framed.
Of course those who then fail to vote, in either
case, cannot complain that the proceeding
goes on without their participation. It is to
be hoped that Congress will make such provi
sion for other Territories that the present dif
ficulty will have no repetition in the future."
A GOOD SPEECn.
Hon. Eli Thater, of Massachusetts, made
a speech in the lower House of Congress on
the 7th January, which produced quite a sen
sation. The subtle irony and sarcasm of the
speech, and his original and ingenious method
of carrying tho war into Africa, evidently
bothered the fire-eaters much, and raised a
laugh at their expense, which they finally in
dulged in themselves. We give the follow
ing extracts :
"Then, sir, by what agency may we thus A
mericanize Central America ? 1 reply to the
question, by the power of original emigration.
That is abundantly able to give us Central A
merica as soon as we want it. We could have
Americanized Central America half a dozen
times by this power, within tho last three
years, if there bad been no danger or appre
hension of meddlesome or vexatious execu
tive interference.
"But if we are to use this mighty power of
organized emigration, wo want a different kind
of neutrality laws from those which we now
bavo ; and, therefore, I am desirous that this
committee shall recommend something which
shall not subject us to the misconstruction of
the President of the United States or to his
construction at all. I want these neutrality
laws so plain that every man may know wheth
er he is in the right or in the wrong, whether
he is violating those laws or is not violating
them. For, Mr. Chairman, with our new-fashioned
kind of emigration, with onr organized
emigration,which goes in colonies, and, there
fore, must of necessity to some extent resera
ble a military organization, there is great dan
ger that a President with a dim intellect may
make a mistake, and subject to harrassing and
vexations delays, and sometives to loss and in
jury, a peaceful, qniet colony, going out to
settle in a neighboring State.
"Mr. Chairman, I can illustrate this position,
l'ou, sir, remember, that in tho year 1856,
when it was bad travelling across tho State of
Missouri on the way to Kansas, that our colo
nies went through the State of Iowa, and thro'
the Territory of Nebraska. These were peace
ful, qniet colonies, going to settle the Territo
ry of Kansas, by that long and wearsome jour
ney, becauso It was bad travelling through the
State of Missouri. You remember that one of
these colonies of organized emigrants, which
went from Maine and Massachusetts, and from
various other Northern States, was arrested
just as it was passing over the southern boun
dary of the Territory of Nebraska, on its way
to its future heme in Kansas. It was a peace
ful, quiet colony, going out with its emigrant
wagons all in a row, and therefore looked
something like a military organization going
out with their women and children, with sub
soil plows and coulters a yard long, laughter
with pick-axes, with crowbars, with shovels,
and with garden seeds. .
"This beautiful colony was arrested by the
officials of the present Executive's predeces
sor. It was by some mistake, no doubt. Per
haps he took the turnip seed for powder ; and
I doubt whether the case would have been bet
ter if the President Lad beep there himself.
This colony was arrested within our own do
minion. It was not an emigration to a foreign
country and there was no danger of Interfer- i
ence with the neutrality laws. These qniet,
peaceful colonists, because their wagons went
in a row, for mutual defence, through the wild
uncultivated Territory of Nebraska, where
there were Indians, wero arrested as a milita
ry organization. . - -
"We do not want hereafter, either within
the limits of theUnited States or without them,
any such meddlesome or vexations interfer
ence by the executive powers of the Govern
ment. Therefore, I say, let us have some neu
trality laws that can be understood. If there
had been no apprehensions in the North about
tho neutrality laws, if we bad not expected
that whatever emigration we might have fitted
out for Central America would have been ar
rested within the marine league of the harbor
of Boston, why, we would have colonized Cen
tral America a dozen years ago, and had it rea
dy for admission into tho Union before this
time. We want a modification or an elucida
tion of tho neutrality laws, and I trust that it
will be the duty of the committee so to report.
The Northern States are, as the States of
Northern Europe were designated by Tacitus,
ofiicina gentium, 'the manufactory of nations.'
We can make one State a year. In the last
thrco years w& have colonized almost wholly
the Territory of Kansas. We have furnished
settlers to Minnesota and Nebraska, and the
Lord knows where, and we have not exhausted
one-half of our natural increase. We have re
ceived accessions to our numbers in that time,
from foreign countries of more than one mil
lion souls, and now we have no relief; wo arc
worse off to-day than we were when we began
to colonize Kansas. We must have an outlet
somewhere for our surplus population.
Laughter.
"Sir, I have a resolution in my pocket, which
I have been carrying about for days, waiting
patiently for an opportunity to present it in
this House, instructing the Committee on Ter
ritories to report a bill organizing and opening
for settlement the Indian territory. Mr. chair
man, I came to this conclusion with reluc
tance, that we must have the Indian territory.
But necessity knows no law. We must go
somewhere. Something must be opened to
the descendants of the Pilgrims. Laughter.
Why, sir, just look at it. We are cramped in
between the Atlantic ocean and the Rocky
Mountains! The bounding billows of the wes
tern tide of our emigration are dashpg fierce
ly against the base of the Rocky Mountains.
"We come now to the obstruction of the
great natural barrier. Nothing is more natu
ral than that this tide should flow back. Will
it flow over towards Canada 7 Not at all. It
has already begun to flow over the "Old Do
minion," laughter, and into other States.
Missouri is almost inundated with it. We
cannot check this tide of emigration. Yon
might as well try to shut out by curtains the
light of the aurora borealis. No such thing
can be accomplished. This progress must be
onward, and we must have territory. We must
have territory ; and I think it most opportune
that the proposition seems to be before the
country to Americanize Central America.
"Now, sir, I said I was astonished that gen
tlemen who come from States bordering upon
the Gulf had advocated this project, and not
the Representatives who come from Northern
States. Let us see the reasons why the North
should be more zealous than the South in this
movement. In the State of Massachusetts we
have one hundred and twenty-seven people to
a square mile, by the census of 1850. In the
State of Rhode Island we have one hundred
and twelve to the squaru mile, by the same
census. In the State of Connecticut we have
seventy-nine. In the State of New York we
have sixty-five. So you see, it was not ficti jn,
it was not poetry, not a 'stretch of the imagi
nation, when I told you that the descendants
of the t Pilgrims were in a tight place.
Laughter.
"But how is It with the States which border
upon the Gulf ? Look at it and see. They
have, some of them, cighty-nine-hundredtbs
of a man to the square mile. Laughter. In
another one we have one and the forty-eighth-hundredth
part of a man to the square mile ;
and, taking them altogether, we have just a
bout three men to the square milo in all those
States which border upon the Gulf of Mexico.
"But it is not only for the purpose of furnish
ing an outlet for our immense population in
the North that I now advocate the American
izing of Central America. The interests of
commerce, as well as this great argument of
necessity, are on onr side. Who has the trade
beyond Central America? We have whale
fisheries in the Northern Ocean which build
up great cities upon the eastern shore cf Mass
achusetts. Wo have trade with Oregon and
California, with the Sandwich Islands, and
the western coast of South America. We
are opening a trade, with the empires of China
and Japan, and we must of necessity have in
Central America certain factors and certain
commercial agencies, who, in a very few years,
with their families and relatives, will ' make a
dense population in Central America. I say,
then, that for the interest of commerce we
want Central America Americanized. .This
commercial interest is, unfortunately, a sec
tional interest In these States. It is emphati
cally a Northern Interest, and, therefore, as a
Northern man; ! I advocate especially that
Central America should be Americanized. .
Now, sir, it would be folly for me to arrne.
and there is no kind of teason for supposing
that these States expect to do anything about
colonizing Central America. They cannot af
ford to loso a man. They had better give
away $2000 than to lose a single honest, In
dustrious citizen. Tbey cannot afford it.
I have left out of this calculation, to be sure.
the enumeration of the slaves in these States,
for the gentleman from TennesseeMr. May
nard informed us that the question of Slavery
did not come into this argument properly.
and I agree with him there. I think he may
agree with me, that by no possibility can Sla
very ever be established in Central America.
That is my belief. Just fix your neutrality
laws, and we will fill up Central America be
fore 18C0 sufficiently to bo comfortable.
"It may be said that Yankees, when they
get down into Central America, will, if tho
climate is suited for It, make use of slave la
bor. I have heard that argument before ; and
it has been asserted that the Yankees who go
into slave States oftentimes turn slaveholders
and outdo tho Southern men themselves.
I have no doubt that they outdo tbem if they
do anything in that line at all. Laughter.
The Yankee has never become a slaveholder
unless he has been forced to it by tho social
relations of the slave State where he lived
and the Yankee who bas become a slaveholder,
has, every day of his life thereafter, felt in
his very bones the bad economy of the sys
tem. It could not be otherwise. Talk about
our Yankees, who go to Centra! America, be
coming slaveholders !
Why, sir, we can buy a negro power. In a
steam-engine, for ten dollars (laughter), and
we can clothe and feed that power for ono
year for five dollars (renewed laughter); and
are we the men to give $1,000 for an African
slave, and $150 a year to feed and clothe him
No, sir. ' Setting aside the arguments about
sentimentality, and about philanthropy, on
this question ; setting aside all poetry and fic
tion, he comes right down to the practical
question is it profitable ? The Yankee re
plies, "Not at all." Then there is no danger
of men who go from Boston to Central Amer
ica ever owning Slaves, unless they are com
pelled to, by tbeir social relations there.
"If a man goes from Boston into Louisiana,
and no body will speak to him unless be has a
slave ; nobody invite him to a social entertain
ment unless he owns a negro and it he can
not get a wife unless he has a negro, then, sir,
very likely he may make up his mind to own
a negro. Laughter.
Mr. Thayer closed by offering an order of
inquiry, as to the political condition of the
people of Nicaragua, and whether they invito
colouies from the United States to settle a
mong them, and also, whether the soil, cli
mate, and other natural advantages of that
country are such as to encourage emigration
thither from the Northern States.
DOMESTIC ECOX03IF.
Sugar raox the Chinese Caxe. We bare
received from Joseph S. Lovering, Oakhill,
Philadelphia county, five different samples of
sugar,the results of experiments, made by him
with the Chinese sugar cane. Mr. Lovering
planted the seeds last year, to determine the
value of the plant in its sugar-producing qual
ities. First he established, by polarscopio
observation, the presence of crystallized sugar
in the cane, and then he began hisxpertment,
of which be gives a detailed account in a pam
phlet which he has published, and to which
we refer those interested in the .matter, our
purpose being to record only the general re
suit. Tho fiist experiment was a discouraeine
one, and the dark visced mass stood six days
without the sign of a crystal ; but being kept
warm four days longer yielded a crop of
solt crystals. The second produced a yellow-
brown sugar, as dry as and about the color of
second quality Cuba sugar used by refiners.
For the acre C25 lbs. sugar, and 123 gallons
morasses, proaucea irorn I,ii3 canes, yield
ing 1,737 gallons juice, weighing 9 lbs. per
gallon, or 15,033 lbs., being 4 per cent, of
sugar and 9.50 per cent, of molasses, or 13.50
per cent, together. The third experiment was
a failure. The fourth was very successfu pro
ducing 1,221.85 lbs to the acre and 74.39 gal
lons oi molasses. I ne rmu produced white
sugar directly from tho cane without refining'
The seventh experiment was in refining, and
15 lbs. of good loaf sugar were produced from
the proceeds of the experiment considered fail
ures. The conclusion that Mr. L. comes to is
that an acre will probably yield 1,466.22 lbs. of
sugar and 74.39 gallons molasses from 1,847
gallons of juice.. The weather was unpropiti
ous to the ripening of the cane, and, probably,
ten per cent, was lost in consequence, which
would increase the .quantity to 1,612 lbs. of
sugar and 81 8-10 gallons of molasses, a yield
very nearly corresponding to the best conduc
ted Louisiana plantations. The best time
for sugar making is when the seeds are all ripe
and after several frosts, the thermometer be
low 30 degrees ; frost or hard freezing docs
not hnrt the juice nor the sugar, but warm
weather after frost docs. Cane cut and boos
ed, or shocked in the field will probably keep
unchanged a long while. When the juice is
obtained, the process of sugar making should
proceed continuously without delay. Tha
clarification should be as perfect as possible
bullock's blood and milk of. lime will an.
swer for clarification, skimming being requir
ed constantly. The concentration and boil
ing done after clarification should be as rapid
as possible in shallow evaporators. With these
conditions secured, it is as easy, Mr. L. says, to
make good sugar from the Chinese sugar-cane
as to make a pot of good mush, and easier
than to make a kettle of good apple butter.
These experiments, conducted by an intelli
gent gentleman, extensively engaged in the
sugar-refining business in this city, settle at
once all question respecting the production
of sugar from the Chinese cane, and the ale
of that plant to the agriculture of the country.
Tbey are of the most reliable character, and
coming from a person of his. experience, can
not fail to make a strong impression npon the
minds of all interested in the -culture of the
new plant. We return our thanks to Mr. Love
ring for enabling us to lay his interesting facts
before tho public We bVe, at the Ledger
office, specimens of sngar and molasses,
which any per may ,ee Dy calling. Ledgtr.