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S. B. ROW, Ejitoe axd Teopbiztob.
CLEARFIELD, PA., JANTJAEY 15. 183S.
. ; A "WOED nr SEAS03T.
"Effort, it is said, is the price of success in
every department of human action. Nothing
can be accomplished without the exercise of
the physical or mental powers. Every a
chieremcnt of art, science or literature are the
result of labor constant, unremitting toil.
JTo system of government has ever been framed
in the haunts of indolence no nation has ever
attained to any degree of eminence whatever
by reclining in the lap of apathy and no great
purpose can be consummated through inatten
tion and carelessness.
The truths whioh are thought to be contain
ed in the above brief paragraph, we would have
every member of the American party ponder,
- study well. If there is any one thing which
wo would impress upon those who belong to
our party more strongly than another, it is that
of constant, harmonious action. There never
yet was a party successful that failed to exer
cise it. This the great apostle of modern De
mocracy well knew, and it was his constant en
deavor t have the party move and work like
"a UEit." And should we not profit by the
opinions and experience of others 1 Should
wc not try to avoid the errors which have in
volved Others in defeat, and practico those es
sentials which insure success ? . If we act wise
IjYwe certainly will. ' r T
"In union jtherg is strength,',. s a truthful
nxnnandfo'i(s''fait?iful'and incessant prac
tice by our revolutionary sires, are we at this
day indebted for that great boon, which is gua
ranteed to every citizen of this country civil
and religious liberty. The perpetuity of these
. blessings depend, beyond a doubt, upon a just
exercise of constitutional rights and privileges
and a proper administration of our laws. It is
conceived by a very numerous class of the cit
izens of the United States, that no one is so
well calculated to perform the functions indi
cated as the individual who has been reared
beneath the folds of our own "stars and
stripes." The reflecting mind will have but
little difficulty in arriving at such a conclusion.
It is not to be expected that a person, imbued
with the sanguinary doctrines of the Red Re
publicans of France, the deistical fallacies of
the infidels of Germany, the agrarian views of
the enthusiasts of Ireland, or the absurd and
superstitions opinion! of the bigotted Italian
devotee, would, at least until a radical change
had been effected in his antecedents, be a pro
per expoander of our constitution or in any
: way calculated to frame laws for either our in
dividual, state or national government. Of all
foreign influences, however, that might be
brought to bear upon the political institutions
. of this country, it is presumed that none would
be more pernicious than that of papal ecclcsi-
. astical for its proclivities arc, as well as its
practice have been, at variance with the fun
damental principles of Freedom. Nor docs it
require any special or elaborate argument to
( demonstrate this ; fUl if we but glance over
the face of the earth, the truth is at once ap
parent that in those countries where catboli
cism has the supremacy, there despotism is in
.variably found to prevail. The restraining,
therefore, of any and all influences that would
prove deleterious to the principles of liberty,
subversive of our republican institutions, or
productive of evil in any way to our Govern
ment, should bo carefully guarded against;
and it is for the accomplishment of such a pur
pose, by securing the success of our party,
that we urge our American friend3 to work
constantly and unitedl'.
"ThkTimbir Bvsixe33." We have receiv-
- cd a lengthy communication on the "Timber
, Business," which, we believo, contains some
. very sensible and timely suggestions, but, as
tho writer observes in his postscript, it ought
to havo been re-writtcn' before it was seat for
publication, as our time is so much occupied
as to render it impossible for us to put it in
- proper ahapo. Wc embrace this opportunity
- for requesting correspondents to take pains to
write, in a logibla hand, and to commit no
.grammatical or other blunders, as an editor's
..time cannot be occupied with their correction.
-r ; Faox a Statement of the Revenue Commis-
sioners we learn that tho whole amount of real
and personal property in Pennsylvania, taxa-
. bla for State purposes, for tho year 1855, was
valued at $531,731,304, and the assessment of
taxes thereon $1,619,967 the taxable inhabi
tants numbering 565,151.' The real and per
sonal property in Clearfield county, for the
' year named, was valued at $1,249,182, the tax
'- assessed thereon amounted to $3,815 01, and
the number of taxables was 3,984 being on an
average nearly 1 tax for every taxable inhab
itant, for State purpose, alone.
The " XLtBKisBtTBQ Tilegbani came to us
last week in a large octavo form and printed
on new type. Jt Is now. one of the largest and
most handsome sheets i the Statej conducted
by able andipyje.ppeiditorsl " It is issued
.twiae reeldiiigitbe-4.e8ion- of the Legis-
latare, and once a week, the remainder of the
year, at $2 a year, f'tho . inoney invariably to
accompany the order.' Any of our readers
who wish to procure a paper fropi the State
capital would do well to scad for the Ttlegraph.
THE GOVEESOE'S MESSAGE, -The
message of Gov. Pollock, which we pub
lished last week and which our readers have
had time to peruse and digest, is one of the
best documents of the kind that Las come un
der bur notice for some time. The subjects,
to which allusion is made in the message, arc
discussed in a lucid and perspicuous manner
the suggestions therein contained are prudent,
useful and practicable, and, taken as a whole,
it is an able and statesmanlike production. It
has elicited the commendation of the press
generally, throughout the State, and it is only
here and there that a violent opposition sheet
will venture to speak of it in anything like
disparaging terms. -
The financial affairs of the Commonwealth
are represented as being in a wholesome con
dition, and it cannot be otherwiso than grati
fying to. the taxpayers of the State to know,
that, notwithstanding laige sums have been ex
pended for unfinished improvements com
menced under former administrations, no re
sort to loaning has been made and that tho rev
enue of the year has exceeded the expendi
tures to tho amount of S630.G01 ; that the in
terest on the State debt for tho past year has
been paid, and that the balance in the Treasu
ry is amply sufficient to pay tho interest for
the current year.
On tho several questions of banks, agricul
ture, common schools, the State institutions,
&c, the Governor is explicit and utters opin
ions strictly in accordance with his views here
tofore expressed on these subjects ; the con
dition of the public works are set forth clear
ly ; several valuable suggestions and proposi
tions are made, after which, as a contemporary
remarks, "a few wcll-expressbd sentiments, in
which every patriotic citizen will heartily join,
conclude what we are disposed to regard as
one of the best State papers that has ever been
issued from the Executive chair."
- Wixtek, &c. Here, in Clearfield, we are
in the midst of winter. During the last two
weeks, snow fell in large quantities, and at
this time it is perhaps three feet in depth.
Until the close of tho past week, the sleighing
was elegant. Within the recollection of that
revered personage, "the oldest inhabitant," it
was never known to have been better and well
has it been used by everybody. The more ad
vanced in years, as well as the gay and youth
ful, have been indulging in the pleasures which
arc peculiar to the season. Springing juvenil
ity and incipient manhood have been playing
the delectable to smiling misses, and blushing
maidens of "sweet sixteen." The farmer has
taken advantage of the good condition of the
roads to convey his products to market, and
the sturdy raftsman is busy gliding the slender
spar and weighty timber to the river's brink.
In short to use a common phrase all are en
deavoring to "make the most of it."
On last Thursday morning, a large party
left this placo for Philipsburg, where they par
took of an excellent dinne? at the housa of one
Atherton, "who keepeth an hotel," and re
turned again in tho afternoon, having enjoyed
an agreeable and delightful sleigh-ride.
In the evening of the same day, another
party went to Dr. Schryver's, where the time
was pleasantly whiled away with music and
dancing, until the "wee short hours ayant the
twal' " coming on apace, admonished them to
desist and seek their homes.
The cold has been very severe, the mer
cury on Wednesday morning falling to 19 de
grees below zero. The wind was very high on
several days and drifted the snow in some pla
ces so much as to render the passage of the
roads somewhat difficult.
The Xkw Bask at Camden. We clip the
following from the last number of the West
Jerseyman: "The new Banking House is fast
approaching completion, and will prove quite
an ornament to the principal street of the city,
on which it stands. The Institution will go
into operation under the most favorable auspi
ces, having the good wishes of the entire com
munity, which has felt that tha growing bust
ncss of thi3 section of the State called for an
increase of banking facilities for its accommo
dation. There is enough business for both the
old and new Bank, and the judicious manage
ment of both these institutions cannot fail to
impart a healthy impetus to the trade of which
our city is the centre. The new institution
will commence banking operations on Wednes
day, the second day of the new year. The
Board of Directors is composed of the follow
ing gentlemen : A. W. Marklcy, Ab. Brown
ing, M. Browning, ' R. W. Howell, C. S. Gar
rett, Wm. P. Tatcm, B. P. Sisty, X. N. Stokes,
Geo. Haywood, Ezra Evans, Wm. Buzby, C
P. Browning, Bcnj. Shreve. The subordinate
officers having been elected at the Directors
meeting on Saturday, the following comprises
a complete list of the officers of the institu
tion : President, A. W. Marklcy; Cashier, D
R. Maddock; Receiving Teller, James H. Stc.
vens; Book-keeper, Wm. Wright; Runner and
Watchman, Hugh II. Bate; Solicitor, R. W.
Howell ; Xotary, P. J. Gray."
The Mails have , been much deranged in
their transition by the recent snow storms.
The cars on the railroads have been obstructed
in their passage, and within the last few days
there have been no regular connections. We
have received no Philadelphia papers for sev
eral days. Xcarly every journal we receive
has accounts of the unusal quantity of snow
that seems to have fallen evcrvwhere. '
Bkadt, of the BrookvilTe Jejersonian, -as in
town on Monday on his way home from Har
risburghr'He dropped 'in to "see us, and we
must say that he is the same easyj open-countenanced
chap ho always was. He thinks the
"drama" is' at? a-low Ahh. and that th last
Vci" was so poorly played that it had better be
discarded and another substituted.
The Xew York Assembly is in a "fix" simi
lar to what CoDgress is they can't elect their
Speaker, and JKor prospects ahead.
THE LATEST.
tJ. S. Senator. Monday was the day fixed
upon by the Legislature for the election of a
LT. S. Senator. On last Friday evening, the
Democratic members met in caucus to nomi
nate a candidate, which resulted in the selec
tion of Hon. Wm. Bigler, on the ICth ballot,
the vote standing thus : Bigler 43, Foster 18,
Buckalew 11, Jones 7, Bobbins 3. On the 1st
ballot, Bigler had 18, Bobbins 15, Foster 13,
Backalew 6, Porter 7, Jones 8, McCandless G,
scattering 3- We have no positive informa
tion regarding the election on Monday further
than that the Evening Jlrgu says it had a dis
patch stating that Mr. Bigler was elected.
Latest from Europe. The steamer Atlan
tic arrived at New York on the 13th, bringing
London dates to the 31st ult. The negotia
tions for peace had not progressed. Prince
Esterhazy had arrived at St. Petersburg and
submitted tho propositions to the Czar, but the
latter having three weeks in which to reply,
nothing was known as to his intentions. There
is nothing startling from the seat of war, the
intelligence being limited to details respect
ing the capture of Kars. Breadstuffs had de
clined considerably at Liverpool.
Congress has done nothing specially inter
esting during the past week. Iu the House
they have several ballots each day for Speak
er, and the remainder of the time is spent in
defining positions, or something else equally
"grave and important."
ABSTRACTS OF ANNUAL BEPOSTS.
Was Department. The actual strength of
the army is 15,752 officers and men. The au
thorized force is 17,867. The recruiting ser
vice is progressing satisfactorily, and it is be
lieved tuat m a few months the disparity will
be overeome. Enlistments to the number of
10,546 were made during the year ending Sep
tember 30, but this was not the whole number
who desired to win glory, fighting under the
banner of Uncle Sam for there were upwards
of 1:0,000 persons who offered to enlist, and
were refused in consequence of minority and
general unfitness for service. Casualties
amounted to 5,500. It is lamented, as a grow
ing evil, that applications for tho discharge cf
minors are so frequent; the infanta who arc re
leased subject tho Government to a serious
bill of expense. The Secretary recommends
that the contract should be made binding in
every case where deception has been employ
ed, and a modification of the existing law is
called for.
The troops retain the general distribution ;
four additional regiments have been organiz
ed. The cavairy company which were sent
against the Sioux have gone into winter quar
ters at Fort Leavenworth, and will be in posi
tion for operation in the Spring. TheCth In
fantry checks the Indians en the Oregon route.
All intercourse with the Florida Scniinolcs
has ltcen strictly prohibited. Efforts fire in
progress for their removal from the Florida
country. Tho troops have explored the re
gion, have opened roads, and have arrived at
sources of accurate information respecting tho
territory now in possession of tho Indians, so
that future operations will be greatly facilita
ted. The propriety of levying volunteer rein
forcements in the Pacific Department, for the
purpose of chastising the savages ou that coast,
is a -iestion which the Secretary declines to
decide, preferring to leave it to tho military
Commander of the Department. The
gallantry of the troops in the Indian campaigns
of the year is spoken of in terms of high
praise; but the unusual extent of operations
has caused large expenditures, which have
exceeded the appropriations.
In order to preserve the efficiency of the Ar
my, several measures are suggested, viz :
1. It is essential that there be a revision of
tho laws regulating rank and command. The
right of command should follow rank b one
certain mle; officers holding general commis
sions should not be placed at once upon the
stafr, but have an opportunity to acquire prac
tical military knowledge; troops equipped for
the. same service should not be divided, nor
should foot be subdivided into artillery and
infantry, or mounted men into dragoons and
cavalry.
2. Officers no longer capable of performing
active uuty suoulcl be retired from the ser
vice, but the rates of compensation should be
increased, and the laws respecting allowances
undergo revision.
3. The provision of tho Act of August 4,
1854, incrcasiig pay of rank and file,. should
De extended to all enlisted men.
4. An increase of the Medical Covps is re
commended. -
5. Five more military store-keepers are
needed in the Quurtonnastor General's De
partments.
6. Tho prohibition of the purchase of lands
for military posts causes embarrassments, and
should be removed. Useless militory sites
require to be sold.
The Secretary enlarges upon these points,
and presses them earnestly. A considerable
proportion of them are his recommendations
of last year.
The anticipations entertained, at the time
of the establishment of the Military Asylum,
nave not been lulhlled. Tho average cost of
maintaining each inmate is S500. It is too
much, and a reduction is necessary. The num
ber of men received, in four years, is 287 ;-
cost, so far, $271,497. The new building near
Washington will accommodate 150 men. The
branch of tho Asylum atKast PascarouIa,Miss.,
is discontinued; and similar action is recom
mended to the branch at Harrodsburg. ;
The camels and dromedaries which were or
dered from the East will arrive in February.
these animals have been found useful in the
Crimea, and will be employed in military ser
vice here.
A new Professorship of Ethics, and sundry
other improvements at West Point are recom
mended.
Proper attention to the coast defences is
very important, particularly the fortification
of Ship Island, as connected with the defence
of the approaches to Xew Orleans, and the
command of the inner channel of communica
tion between the Mississippi river and Mobilo
harbor. Tho entrance of the Columbia river
should be fortified. Appropriations arc asked
for the erection of arsenals in Texas, and Xew
Mexico, and on the Xorth Pacific coast. Xew
models for all small arms have been adopted,
embracing tho late improvements. A new
pistol, with increased length of barrel, and ca
pable of instantaneous change into a carbine,
is particularly noticed. .
The work upon military roads has made sat
isfactory progress. The survey of the Xorth
western lakes has been prosecuted with ener
gy. The snag-boats ou the Western rivers
have been sold.
The Pacific Railroad Expeditions have been
successfully, completed. It is decided that
the most practicable and economical route is
that of the 32 deg. parallel. The Colarada
Desert is not unsusceptible- of culture. The
Secretary is quite favorable to- this route, set
ting forth its advantags in glaring co'.oii.
The practicability of sinking Artesian wells
along the route was tested. The contributions
to physical science included in the result of
these surveys arc exceedingly valuable.
The final portion of the Report is an elabo
rate consideration of the military defences of
our Pacific territory. It is argued that a rail
road to the Pacific is indispensable, for the
reason that it will be the only means of throw
ing relief into tho Pacific country, in caso of
any collision with a maritime power, and our
navy being, inadequate to the convoy of tho
necessary number of storcships. A railroad
communication is not only likely to be a sa
ving enterprise, but it will have the effect of
fortifying the Western coast against attacks
from abroad. Xo stronger ground in favor of
a Pacific road has been taken by any party not
directly concerned in the speculation, than
that which is assumed by Secretary Davis.
Xavt Department. The report of Secreta
ry Dobbin is an extremely interesting docu
ment ; but it misrepresents in the facts which
it furnishes solely, for it is excessively wordy,
long-spun, and slovenly written. The most
essential iart of it is the defence of the Xavy
Retiring Board. The defence of the Board is
not particularly forcible, and all its value is
negatived by the admission that important
mistakes had been made, injustice been done
to worthy officer., and that a necessity exists
for correcting the errors the Board had fallen
into. Tho Secretary calls the action of the
board a reform,' though no reforms whatever
have been arrived at or effected, and the navy
is left in precisely the same defective condi
tion it was in before the retiring Board assem
bled. The only thing the Board accomplish
ed was to put certain officers off duty and put
certain other officers in their places, who, in a
fearful number of instances, we have reason to
believe, are no bet'.cr than those dismissed.
The Home Squadron, commanded by Capt.
Paulding, consists of the frigate Potomac, the
sloops Cyane and Saratoga, and the steamer
Fulton. Tbo Columbia was last at St. Thomas.
Xo intelligence has been had of the missing
sloop Albany, which has been given up as lost.
The Brazil Squadron consists of tho frigate
Savannah, Captain Salter ; the sloop German
town, aud the brig Bainbridge ; the Secretary
remarks, that these vessels have been "indus
triously" cruising between Rio do Janeiro and
Montevideo; but, as there has been no especial
necessity for a Squadron there during tho past
20 years, they have done nothing but cruise.
The African Squadron, under the command
of Capt. Crabbe, consists of the sioops-of war
Jamestown, Dale, St. Louis, and brig Dolphin.
The sloop Marion, recently attached to the
African Squadron, has I ecu condemned as un
snaworthy. The slave trade South of the
Equaior lias been broken up.
The Mediterranean Squadron, commanded
bv- Captain Breeze, consists of tho frigate Con
gress, the steamer Saranac, the sloop Constel
lation, and tha storeship Supply. Xothing
has been done in the Mediterranean.
The East India Squadron, under tho com
mand of Captain Abbot, consists of tho sloop
Macedonian, the steamer Powh at ten, the sloop
Vandalia, and the storeship J. P. Kennedy.
The civil war in China has aflorded some em
ployment for our vessels in the East. The
Secretary recommends sending one r two
steamers of light draft to navigate the Chinese
rivers. The steamer San Jacii.tc- sailed
from Xew York, ir October, to relieve the
Macedonian, whose time abroad has expired.
The survey of Behring's Straits and tho Xorth
Pacific, under command of Commander Rog
ers, has been carried on with satisfactory re
sult. The account of this expedition is tho
most interesting part of tho Message.
Tho Pacific Squadron is composed of the
frigate Independence, the sloops St. Mary,
John Adams, and Decatur, and the steamer
Massachusetts, the sloop Wan en, and the ship
Fredonia. The Squadron is under the com
mand of Captain Mervine.
The Michigan steamer has been usefully
employed in the upper lakes.
Like all his predecessors, tho Secretary
earnestly recommends an increase of the Xa
vy, and particularly an addition of steamships
of a light draft of water. A great Xaval force,
the Secretary bints, cannot be improved by
the tap of the drum, like a great army. He
considers onr Xavy too diminutive to contend
with that of any respectable power, and too
feeble to protect even our own harh-irs. The
aggregate tonnage ot the U. S. in 1812, was 1,
247,997 tons. During the fiscal year it was 5,
212,000 10-95, and our sea coast, is uow great
ly increased in extent, and the damage effect
ed by a respectable enemy in six months would
greatly exceed the cost of a Xavy sufficient to
protect our commerce sufficiently. The ques
tion of an increase of the Xavy, the Secretary
regards as one of peace rather than war.
The Secretary enlarges at great length upon
the apprenticeship system,whivh he has adopt
ed as a means for furnishing a reliable body of
seamen for the Xavy", and gives the testimony
of officers in its favor. But we look in. vaiu
for an original idea or suggestion in Mr. Dob
bin's report; itlsentirely destitute of anything
of tho sort, and exhibits no special knowledge
of the service beyond the figures which are
furnished by the heads of bureaus. Tho old
aristocratic plan which has resulted in the
state of affairs which rendered the action of the
Xavy Retiring Board necessary, is to be con
tinued, and the Secretary adopts the old plan
of educating men to be common sailors, with
out the hope or prospect of bettering their
condition by good behaviour.
The estimated expenses of the- Department
for tho ensuing year aro $J3,524,5ft 27, which
is less, by nearly $3,000,000, than tho esti
mate of the fiscal year.
. Treasury Department. The following is
an abstract of the report of the U. S. Secreta
ry of the Treasury, for the fiscal -ear ending
June 30, 1S55: The tables on foreign trade
show the iucreasc of dutiable goods imported
during the year ending June CO, 1855, over
the year ending June 30, 1851, is $126,185,
900 ; do. of free goods, $18,352,926 ; decrease
of specie and bullion, $111,430; showing a to
tal increasd of $144,028,o96 iu favor ot 1855.
The increase last year over 1850 is given thus :
Dutiable goods, $65,744,088 ; of free goods,
$18,348.9:J4 ; decrease of specie and bullion,
$968,880 total increase, $83,144,642.
The foreign imports at all the ports of the
United States (including, of course, Califor
nia and Oregon) for the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1855, were ' $261,382,960, against
$305,780,253 for the preceding year, showing
a deeline of $44,397,293. The total exports
from the United States to foreign ports for the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1855, were $275,
156,846, against $278,241,064 for tho preced
ing year, showing a decline of only $3,
084,218. It will be seen from this that, while
for tho year 1854 the imports exceed the ex
ports $27,539,189, for the last year the exports
exceed the imports $13,773,886.
The tables further show an increase, during
the last year, of $10,102,864 in the imports of
free goods but a falling off' of $51,253,807 in
dutiable merchandise, $3,246,250 in specie.
Of the total exports of specie for tho last
year $53,957,418 were of domestic production,
and $2,289,925, of fotcign. The shipments of
domestic produce, exclusirff of specie, were
$22,400,369 less than for tho preceding year,
while there is anr increase of $1,497,231 in the
exports of foreign produce, and $12,565,510
in the exports of specie.
The Secretary favors the admission, duty
free, of wool as a raw material, together with
chemicals and dye-f tuffs but no interference
with the article of iron. The Eastern raanufac
turcs, would be satisfied with this. -
CLAYT0& AND BULWEE TEEATY.
The great length of -the diplomatic .corres
pondence between this country and Great Bri
tain, on Central America Affairs, renders a di
gest, adapted to our columns, impossible, but
we will endeavor to make our readers under
stand the present aspects of the question. Mr.
Abbott Lawrence, when minister to England,
wrote a letter under date or Xovcmber 8th,
1849, inquiring "whether the British Govern
ment intends to occupy or colonize Xicaragua,
Costa Kica, the Mosquito Coast, so called, or
any part of Central Ameriea," and also "whe
ther the British Government will unite with
the United States in guarantying the neutrali
ty of a ship eanal, raflway, or other communi
cation, to be open to the world and common to
all nations." Allusion is also ruado to the dis
pute between Xicaragua aud Costa Rica on a
question of boundary, and between the former
country and tho Mosquito kingdom on a ques
tion of sovereignty, tccompanied with the sug
gestion that the "Indians can be provided for
in a manner satisfactory to Xicaragua and
Great Britain, and far better for them than the
equivocal position they now occupy." To this
letter Lord Pahnerston replied under date of
Xov. 13th, 1S49, assuring Mr. Lawrence that
it was the intention of her Majesty's Govern
ment to "occupy or colonize" the countries
he had named, and that, while a "close politi
cal connexion has existed between the Crown
of Great Britain and the State and Territory of
Mosquito for a period of about two centuries,"
the British Government "does not claim dom
inion in Mosquito." To the second branch of
inquiry Lord P. replies in the affirmative, and
expresses a desire to unite with tho Govern
ment of the United States in adjusting the
differences between Xicaragua and Costa Ri
ca. These arc the letters which initiated the
Clayton and Bulwcr Treaty, the ratifications
of which were exchanged 4th July, 1850.
A Washington correspondent of the X. Y.
Times, referring to the unusual importance of
the Xicaraguan Treaty, sent to the Senate last
week for ratification, srtys, Squier's treaty
with Xicaragua, in 1850, recognised the juris
diction of that republic over all the territory
claimed by Great Britaiu to belong to the Mos
quito King; therefore to be covered by her as
sumed protccterate. It also stipulates for the
joint protection of any ship canal which might
be constructed through tho Xicaraguan Isth
mus. It will be seen that the treaty was an
important one to the United States, because,
while it boldly repudiated any British interest
or right m that quarter, it opened the country
to American enterprise, and otfered advanta
ges to the United States well calculated, to
give us predominating influence in that quar
ter. Mr. Clayton, then Secretary of State,
embraced that opportunity to negotiate a trea
ty with the British Minister, Bulwcr, f -r the
absolute retirement of Great Britain from all
accupation or dominion, of whatever sort, ia
any part of Central America holding the
Squier Treaty before him, showing that under
it we were likely to get the advantage of Eng
land in that particular part of tha Isthmus
where the canal was expected to be made, but
offering to unite with the latter government in
an arrangement by which neither should ever
be able to obtain any advantages of conquest
over the other. Such a treaty, if lived up to,
was far the best for the U. States, because un
der it the strife between the two nations could
consist of commercial livalry only, in which,
because of our advantageous position, and our
superior energy and more rapid movemcnt,the
United States were sure to win tho victory.
So Mr. Clayton made his treaty Of 1S50 it
was ratified, and became the law. Great Bri
tain refuses to maintain it, and holds faster
than ever to her Mosquito Protectorate, and
hor "occupation" in Ruatan, excusing herself
by the most rldioulous pretexts that could
well be imagined- Under these circumstances
onr government has made a treaty with Xica
ragua, which formally repudiates the basis of
the British Protectorate, and makes the issne
at once. It will be ratified, doubtless; ami H so
England may make a collision with v.s upon it,
or not, as she chooses. The correspondent,
however, ventures tho prediction that she will
take early occasion to put a war with us on that
question beyond the range of possibilities.
The same authority says, public sentiment
in the United States is evidently decidedly iu
favor of making 1 he issue now with England,
whose erratic diplomacy has completely ex
hausted American patience. Whilo Lord Clar
endon declines- re-opening tho general argu
ment of the merits iA the case, he invite fur
ther correspondence on the subject ; but the
President has not j-et decided whether or no to
make any new or further propositions. Eng
land will probably propose- arbitration, which
is not likely to succeed, because there 13 no
great Power in Europe which we could well
tmst at this time, except Russia, and the arbi
tration of the Czar would scarcely be satisfac
tory to England. There is one strong argu
ment in favor of sternest inflexibi'it in insist
ing upon the fulfilment of the treaty stipula.
toins. which is this Great Britain is deter
mined to maintain, if possible, such a foothold
in the Isthmus as will enable her to command
it upon occasion. It is for this that she insists
on the sovereignty of her King of the Gallinip
pers, and upon her Colony in the Bay. Islands,
which are the key to tho Gulf. Maintaining
these, she would bo able in the event of war,
to cut us off from that route to and. from our
Pacific possessions, and so render their con
quest comparatively easy. And this power in
her hands would constitute a bond to h-eep the
peace towards her, whieh would be extremely
difficult for us to break, no matter how seri
ous occasion we might have for war. Xow,
the fear of her Xorth -American Colonies im
poses a wholesome restraint upon England;
but if she could cut us off from the Pacific,
she could consider California, and Oregon,
and Washington Territories cheaply purchas
ed at the expense of her Colonies on the At
lantic. Philad. Dailj Sun. . ,
; Romanism and the Bible. Tho Freeman's
Journal, the X. York organ of Bishop Hughes,
makes usa of the recent fanatical murder by
the Wakemanites, in Connecticut, to argue
that the people at large onght not to be allow
ed to read the Bible, or at least only under tho
supervision of an infallible expounder of it, in
the shape of a Papist priest. Xow it will be
recollected that Sly, one of the murderers,kil
led his victim by knocking him down with a
club of witch-hazel and then cutting his throat
with a pocket knife, and the 2V'5ne appropri
ately asks", "what would be thought of an ar
gument founded on these facts in favor of ex
terminating all witch-hazel trees, and of allow
ing no man to carry a knife in his pocket, ex
cept under the supervision of a policeman!"
The Draining of tue Harlem Ska, Hol
lane. Tho Chairman of the Commission on
the Draining of the Harlem Sea has published
a final report on this work, which is to lie fin
ished this year. Tho expenses from 1839 to
1855, inclusive, are $3,400,000, and the le
ceipts from land to be sold is estimated at $3,
200,000. It was at first supposed the reclaim
ed land would be worth only some $32 per acre
but in 1853 it was-actually sold for over $120.
This return exceeds all cxpectatien, as the
draining was not undertaken as a speculation,
but as a precaution against further inroads of
the sea. Fruitful fanns already begin to ap
pear here and there on the former fioor of tho
sea. Forty-five thousand crea in all have been
reclaimed from the sea,which will supply 100,
WGpropla bountifully with the means of life.
PEITNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE.
On the 4th inst., the Speaker of the Senate
announced the following Standing Committees:
Finance Messrs. Buckalew, Brown, Flen
niken, Crabb and Killinger.
Judiciary Messrs. Wilkins, Price, Jordan,
Welsh and Ingram.
Accounts Messrs. Wherry, Ferguson, Fra
zcr, Laubach and Finney.
Estates and Escheats Messrs. Flennikcn,
Walton, Price, Finney and Souther. '
Pensions and Gratuities Messrs. Taggart,
Jamison, Sellers, Evans and Ely.
Library Messrs. Buckalew, Wilkins,Gregg.
Corporations Messrs. Browne, Straub, Sou
ther, Lewis, and Pratt.
Public Buildings Messrs. M'Clintock, She
man and Jamison. '
Banks Messrs. Cresswell, Crabb, Ingram,
Sellers and Iloge.
Canals and Inland . Xavigation Messrs.
Cresswell, Hoge, Sellers. Jamison and Crabb.
Railroads Mossrs. Walton, Taggart, Kil
linger, Evans and Cresswell.
Election Districts Messrs. Melinger, Knox,
Frazier, Shuman and Laubach.
Retrenchment and Reform Messrs. Jordan,
Evans, Killinger, Knox and Ely. '
Education Messrs. M'Clintock, Mellinger,
Gregg, Hoge and Shuman.
Agriculture and Domestic Manufacturers
Messrs. Knox, Taggart, Straub, Lewis, Gregg.
Militia Messrs. Straub, Taggart, Ferguson,
Ely and Cresswell.
Roads and Bridges Messrs. Jamison, Wher
ry, Jordan, Ferguson and Frazier.
Compare Bills Messrs. Hoge, Pratt, Lau
bach, Mellinger, and Lewis.
Vice and Immorality Messrs. Price, Flen
nikcn, Wilkins, Jordan and Welsh.
Private Claims and Damages Messrs.
Browne, Lewis, Buckalew, Crabb and Walton.
Public Printing Messrs. Pratt, Wherry,
Finnej', Ingram and McClintock.
Xew Counties and County Seats Messrs.
Welsh, Pratt, Souther, Browne and Walton.
The following arc the Standing Committees
of the Houso for the presont session :
Waysand Means Messr.-. Foster, M'C'.ir.i.s,
Wright fLuzcrac, Ball, Get. Di.'ck, RMik-,
Orr, and Roberts.
Judiciary Wilg'.t Lii;:.. Whalii-n.Mcrri",
Montgomery, Phelps, Msuet. Lvv.kur, M
Calniont, and Magee.
Pensions and GraiaUL s SviifhCam., C.i--ty,TIamiUon.IUU,Be'i'bliar(l,TlioTnpson.Moi:ea'-.
Claims Orr, Huneker, Fry, Crawfoi ',
Shenk, Hancock, and Clover.
Agriculture Roberts, Buchanan, Auguai
ine. Xunnemacher, Harper, Pearson, Strnble
Education Getr, Hibbs, Lott, Vail, Brown,
Johns, Laportc, Fulton, and Johnson.
Domestic Manufactures Salisbury. Moncar,
Kerr, M'Ghee, Carty, Ingham, and Anderson.
- Accounts Innis, Vail, M'Ghee, Maugle,
Ilolcomb, Gaylord, and Zimmerman.
Vice and Immorality Hill, Bock, Smith,
Phil'a., Hamill, Wright, Dauphin, Rein
hold. Smith Allegheny, Kerr, Robinson.
Militia Thompson, Ramsey, Wright, Dau
phin. Maugle, Ilillegas, RienholJ, Ileitis.
Election Districts Boycr, Lebo, Lott, Lei
ssnring, Ingham, Haines, and Salisbury.
Banks Irwin, Johns, Laporte, Fausold,
Hihiis, Wintrode, Lebo, Robinson, and Craig.
Estates and Escheats Manly, Foster, Iui
brle, Magee, Morris, Miller, and M'Combs.
Roads and Bridges Hippie, Anderson.
Heins, Boyd, Strouse, Hamill, and Gibbony.
Corporal ions--Edinger, Leisenring, Brush,
Walter, Smith, Wyoming, Barry, Backus,
Ycarsljy, and Baldwin.
Local Appropriations Johnson, Smith, P.
Haines. Smith Al'y, Reed. Dock, Ramsey.
Lands Shenk, Backus, Baldwin, Cobourn,
Moorhead, Brenhard, and Purccll,
Divorces Riddle, Manly, Ptircclf, Lovcff,
Reed, Moorhead, and Dowdell.
Xew Counties and Co. Souts-Craig.IIillcgas,
Fulton,Huneckcr,Powdcll.Gaylord, Caldwell.
Compare Bills Smith, Wyoming, Ilunek
cr, B irry, Boyer', mid Caldwell.
Library Longaker, Imbrie and Walter.
Canals and Inland Xavigation M'Carthy,
Zimmerman, Campbell, Ilolcomb, Patterson,
Beck and Housekeeper.
Printing Hancock Clover and Campbell.
Public Buildings Yearsley.Ball andLovet.
Railreads Montgomery, Edinger,IIunseck
er, Innis, Hippie, Cobourn, Mumaa, Smith,
(Cambria,) . Whallon, McCalmoaf, Fausold",
McCarthy and Irwin,
The Markets.- At Philadelphia, en Satur-daj-,
Flour aold at $8,25 for common and $10
for extra hrend; Wheat-, red S2, wliffe $2,10 ;
Rye $1,20; Corn 78aS0c; Oats 40a44. In
Pitjtsliarjrh Flour sold at 57,66 to $8 ; Wheat
$1,40 to $1,65 ; Rye 80 ; Corn 40 rnd 45.
JIARUIED,
On the 10th Jan., by M. A. Frank, Esq., Mr.
Elijah Smell, to Miss Mart Ellen Williams,
both of Bradford township.
TERMS.
The Journal is published every Wednesday,
t O.nb o(,ar axu Fitt" Cents per annum in
advance, or Two Ioi.r.Ans within tbe year.
Ad vertiscHienttf inserted at fifty cents per tqoar,
for the first, and twenty-five eeDts for each addi
tional insertion. A liberal deduction made to
those who adTcrtisc by the quarter, or year.
The 'Terms' will b strictly adhered to.
No papeT discontinued without payment of ar
rearages, unless at the option of tho publisher.
3hm ilkerfernitnfe
I7JXTKA FAMILY FLOUR, for safe by
U MERHfiLL fc CARTER.
Clearfield. Pa., Jaa. !CvlSo6.
HALLOA! XETnrTAOO! MANUFACTORY.
The undersigned would respectfully a
nouncs to his friends and tbo public generally,
that he has opened oat a new Wagon-Making Es
tablishment in "New Salem City," Rrady town
ship, where he will at all tunes be propared to
manufacture, on t&e horte?t notice, all kinds of
Wa;on?; Carts. Wheelbarrows Ae. The best ma
terial that dan be procured will bo used, and his
work will be made iu the most substantial and du
rable mnnncr, such as will bear tho test of strict
examination. By a close observance of his busi
ness engagements, and by dispopicg of his work
on the most reasonable terms, which he wilt do
for cither cash or approved country produce, bo
hopes to merit and receive a liberal share of pub
lic euf-tom. . BOJ. 'BI'SIIEL.
Xew Salem City. Jan. 16, 13afl.
IMPORTANT I.XTF-LLTC O CK ! TA 0TB
WHICH EVERYBODY SHOULD KNOW!?
No mere creations of the Far.v. 1st existin-r real
ities! !! a knowledge of whia can bo acquired
by a careful perusal of what ?o!!vwf
It i atr.ivs arvobject wifii Tiir'-hscrs to buy on
the "M0.-3T ACCOMMODATING TERMS.'1 Jn
buying goods, this is especially desirable. Lever,
Flegal 4 Co., at thuir Store in New u'ora Cty,
Brady township, 21 miles wost cf L.utberburg, are
determined upe-n supplying all who may favor
them with a call, with Goods at as favorable prices
as the same style of article can be purchased in
that section ofcou,ntry.
Their stock consists of Dry Ooods, LardTare,
Queensware, Groceries, tc.. which was selected
with a view to accommodate tbo wants of the com
njunity, as well as to meet the demands of the sea
son. '
The citiicns of Eraly and tho neighborhood
invited to call, examine the goods and prioes, aca
act in accordance with their own judgment. .
Country produce of all kinds taken in exchano
for coods, and the best prices allowed.
. Lever. FLF.u ala. co.
Brady towr.hiji. Jan. lj 1?53.-