RAILROADS
The progress . of railroads in this country has been tru
ly astonishing. Eleven years ago. but 32 miles of rall
ied, wero in use in the whole United States; now there
are between four and five thousand miles: then only six
tulles of were in use in the vicinity of Boston,-now
state am 1,203 miles, all but 24 of which are now in
use--1 greater length of railroad than there was then
ittbstrorld. Eleven years ago there were but few lc.
steepeiessrin use, and these imported from England;
Dow them aro more than five hundred which have been
made bait, and meantime, more than fifty have been ex
porteL-,,stne to Russia, some to Austria, and several
toEngland; then a dead level on a railroad was deem-
Dd grades of thirty feet to a mile hardly
thought :auassable; now engines are in daily use which
eurdidiaCgtedes or eighty feet to a mile. We gather
thaMotat3stics from an article in the Railroad Journal.
Suethere is is dark aide to the picture. Many of our
&We hive rushed headlong into their construction, un
der the delusive hope that the roads would make busi
aess wherever they were located, when the fact un
doubtedly is that business must make the roads.—
Theca are hundreds of miles of railroad partially com
pleted, that will be a total loss. There are thousands
of thhaldig men ready to doubt whether such hotbed
growth is any thing is desirable. We cannot have the
rose*OtottL ha thnnl• And we can only say thr bene
fits dittyhourly iond7r far outweigh the e• it that have
ticateppot led them.
ItraitliptsDrxics 01 A CONVICT TO Pit >CURE. UIS
..... .
ihillekg,7rThe fullowing letter from a Convict in the
111604141 . Pzis' on, to a comrade of his in New 'York,
Ins lligid in abtr , in his cell—n o publish it, verbatim:
listrroratit up a peetition this way for to have
Scheel Kull Bible classes, and our Library of
/1 1 €41,1 ism tell.them that you want to lay it bofore
die (J'ilifectors of the Prison git printed hod Cor 1020 or
SO via Lana 1,0 ailiernm Ministera of churches and
tell Opm tbst. you will call cu them for it at sutch A time
imi..when you git 3 cm fore thousand si.- ' aera take of
•thena s heas ancippat them All to gethcr anfl thou poot A
bed iiii.A copy of My tried and then go to Judge Linsh
indit*lmadford Judge Morris the Man, and the Jurce
thitictoricted me you cm find cut Wilare they live by
illy 4althetreezt but git them all to sign it befi,:e you
?oat my case to it.
irTThere is an almost universal sentiment rvad ng
the onateszeiry, that we ought to take possession of
Oregon. The time has come for the country
. to act, and Mr. Linn's bill is acquiring additional sup
posters. It is stated in the British ministerial papers
that negotiations satisfactory to them, are on foot in
rtdation to this territory. Jf satisfactory to"them the
imegliciations are not likely to be satisfactory to 'Ameri
ca*. Our recent ocgotiations with that government
bar alaiwn a want of capacity or a want of honesty on
the iFirt of our agents. The Ashburtoii - treaty is gain
ing tiofclends. Those who complimented it at first,
begin to pause and doubr, and after Witnessing what
Wu done in the Senate, we have great distrust of tres
tle& Latour government decide to take possession of
ow me soil. And if John Bull is dissatisfied, he
can las 44 own course to get satisfied, if he does it
wraktiitanaolesting us.—Hartford Times.
•
- __ DISTRESS IN WALES. 't
Maillblik correspondent of the N. Y. Evening
Peet..4o, l ree appalling accounts of the distress exist
ing latilfillas (Eng.) The principal cause seems to be
ebe bieet-fral in the profits of iron mining, causing the
etopimp
of most of the works, and throwing out of
eetritiat en immense number of people. Iron, which a
s filaryetwit ago, during the period of speculation and
nail eisatl.building, commanded $54 per ton, now com
=only $l7. Wages have fallen from $9 per
124051... and employment in many cases cannot be
ebtalatekupon any terms. One firm, (Messrs. Her
forddaDevis,) omagod in raining, have failed for two
miiliDuKtidollars,throwing out of employ 3, 4 00,most of
whoittleafamilies
In , ell .and densely populated countries, these sud
den changes in business operate with the most terrible
severity upon the laboring classes. Let us be thankful
dim the lines ha.vo.fallen to us in more pleasant places;
litat'itte boundless extent of our cheap and fertile lands
afar& a sure • refuge from the reverses of mercantile
and ntanufacturingenterprise; and that while there may
be different degrees of enjoyment, absolute destitution
is a calamity unknown to any aniorrt us. Lot us en
joy With gratefulhearts, that Divine County, of which
we are the so conspicuous objects, and endeavor to shale
oursebres in some manner worthy of it, by extending
sympathy and geed oilice2 to the less favored branches
of oar common rare.
PASSENGERS
It will be seen by the fillowin.. Atatemeut, which
we hove obtained from the Custom House Barge office,
that but little more than half as many have arrived
ttisyear, to 26th July, as arrive:l during. the env-upon
lPeriocl of 1842:
aous,ry, 18131 titzrz 3.71. - i;Ta
February
March
April
My
June
July, to 28th
•
T t .Total . 2Bth July. 28,343
To same date last year, 51;573
. • Decrease from last year, 23,2!5
Or nassiy elm hale-The decrease in the number of em
igrautz to Canada is still greater. The number last
vearto July 224
was • 36,254
. This year to same date, 15,904
Decrease (considerably more than
• half) 20,350
The number of passengers who arrived at this port
from foreign countries in the whole of last year, was
74,014, and at other ports, 36,970, making a total in
tbe ebuntry at large, of •110,984. So . greara number
neveilwftwonrrived in one year.
Tbo immigrants who have arrived at this port the
presinst•year, are in general quite superior, in point of
ChatiletiT, to the aterap of former years.—N. Y. Jour.
Of Coln:
A THIEF-CATCHER.—.I. Paris correspoadent of the
New York "Courrier des Etats Unis" says, the at
tention of the cockneys of that city has lately been
strongly attracted to a parti-colored posting bill stuck
up about the streets, announcing a new• invention call
ed tbe "Paravol," or 4‘iheft,preveriter," an apparatus
fur Clang burglars in their attempts on the good citi
zen? houses.
It differs entirely from the patented invention of Mr
Fitait, locksmith, which was a large cage intended to
fall mound the culprit the instant he attempted to in
-Aro/bow a false key into the leek. This apparatus
was rather costly, making one pay twelve thousand
francs to guard against the robbery of perhaps only a
hundred sous. An improvement was proposed to this,
is adding an instrument, which in a strong bass voico,
shook; cry "Watch! watch." Mr. Fitchet offered to
add this for fifteen thousand francs; but this was rather
two dear. One ought to get a tenor fur such a sum.
Tim new "Paravol," however, consists merely of a
Mat( infernal machine, which explodes at the mo
ment of putting a key in the lock, unless the thirty-three
Tinalloknry operations incumbent on the honest citi
aen kis domicile, have been previously gone
through with.
• Tte case of the legal owner causing the explosion
dovish inadvertence, has been also provided against;
this iniernalusacidne does net kill its man on the spot;
itnsakesra racket sufficient to awaken the wholerseigh
bodrod, and call the . night guard to arms. If the cit
izen gets over his fright, all he has to do is to explain
the matter to the neighbors; but unfortunately, as the
noise will also have called to the spot a corporal with
his fillof men, and as these officials never lhten to
meson whin surrounded by their folloWers, n night iu
the goied horse` spay often be the result.
Otlajarolt once placed in the lock, tise "paravor' is
net *kb* otherwise the thief, unless en extraordinary
sopa one, would abandon the emorprise, unless he
alt of spite, set to Ivrea aid steel the "theft
pneeleiter"iteig- - • ,
The "Paravol" willpriebably nOtloe confined toloe.kli l .
but moans will be found to adapt it to colt pockets and
watch fobs; so that when a gentleman is beard to ex
plode in a. street or alley, folks will say to themselves, 1
"Atia! there goes a man who had like to have had his
poCket picked;" though it may all the while be only 1
one who, taken with a sudden sneezing fit or cold in ,
the head, has attempted to pull out his pocket hand- 1
kerchief without going through the proper prelimina
ries, and had not provided for such a sudden emer. 1
gency.
The price of the "Paravol" is not stated in die bill;
but it is not supposed to be very costly, otherwise the
purchaser after paying his money might say with truth,
"I've had my pocket picked."
For my own part, says the correspondent of tho
"Courrier," I shall not fail to buy me a "Paracol" the
moment I have a strong box full of bank notes; but till
then I shall trust my lock to the protection of Provi
dence and my porter.
FOR PRESIDENT,
JAS. BUCHANAN,
Subject to the decision of
TAE DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION
Zlienctilt) itiorning post.
PHILLIPS & SMITH, EDITOR-1 AND PUOPRIETORS
PITTSBURGH, THURSDAY, AUGUST 3, 1343
PENNSYLVANIA CANAL
EECEIPTg , 1,1" PITTSECAGE PER COLLECTOf REPORT
ForJuly,lB43, $6,292. 01
Do. 181'2, 4,030 99
Increise is July, 1643,
Whale amount from opening of navigation
(April 7t1.1) to Auguit Ist, 1843 $29,147 81
Do. same time, 1812 20,678 39
Excess in favor of the present year $8,469 42
We hold the above result as the strongest evidence
that the redemption of the state from her desponding
condition can be effected, by vigorously carrying ant
the Portable Boat system. Various causes have betm
assigned by those opposed to the system, For this in
crease of trade, but it was clear to the unprejudiced
mind of the public, from the lucid reply of the Presi
dent of the Canal Board. in the late Mandamus case,
that the improvement in oar trade is certainly attribu
table to the Portable Boat system alone. In the docu
ment referred to, it is ably shown that our trade had re
mained stationary from the first, although the tolls had
been reduced year after year, until the Portable Boats
were intrclicA, and with them. a wholesome compe
tition, a reduction of freights, and consequently, the
vast increase of trade which we have had this year.
We have been told that some of the enemies of the
now system of transportation, objectito our former
statement,inasmuch as we gave the receipts at but two
offices—Pittsburgh and Johnstown—and have stated,
that had we included the receipts at the eastern offices,
the result would show a falling off from the business of
last year. This statement is not true ; the increase in
the east may not be so great as at the - western offices,
on tr3count of the small amount of eastern shipments,
compared with the vast quantity of predu-...e sent from
the west; but still the increase has been large, and quite
sufficient to convince every one of the great utility of
the section boat system. On the Columbia Rail Road,
up to the first of June, the increase over last year was
upwards of $47,000, and, it will be remembered, that
business commenced a month later this year than in
1812.
la our frequent notices of the business on the public
works, our principal object' is to counteract the evil ef
fects that the stories so industriously circulated by in
terestoi persons might have on the public mind, and to
arouse the people to a proper feeling of the necessity of
placing the management of our Canals and Rail Roads
in the hands of those only who are well known to be
friends of our improvements, and who will oppose
every effort to drive individual competition from the
main line, as well as the infamous project of selling it
to a company of stock speculators.
1004
532
361
4321
6846
5013
9871
AGRICULTURAL PURSULTS.—A correspondent of
the Age makes some excellent remarks on the proprie
ty of forming a society fur the encoiragement of agri
cultural pursuits. We do not believe there is another
place in the state, where this noble calling is so much
neglected, or where there is a greater necessity for im
provement in the business of agriculture, than in Alle
gheny county. It is true, we have some excellent farm
ers among us; but their number is small, and it is pain
ful to any one acquainted with the business, to observe
the slovenly manner in which some of the finest farms
in our county are cultivated.
In agriculture, as in every other pursuit of life, im
provements tire making every day, which, if properly
applied, will reduce the labor and increase the products
of the husbandman. But these .improvements meet
with an unaccountable opposition from a majority of
our farmers; no argument or illustration can convince
them of their utility, and they go on in the old system
of performing double labor, and gathering half crops,
rather than adept the "new-fangled notions," as they
call them, of those who have studied Agriculture as a
science, and by years of close investigation have suc
ceeded in effecting improvements of the greatest ad
vantage to the agricultural interest.
We are fully convinced that the formation of a
socie
ty for the dissemination of agricultural information,
would be of incalculable benefit, and be the means of
exciting a spirit of emulation among our farmers, that
would greatly advance their interests.
Some years ago there existed a society of this des
cription, that met every fall and distributed premiums
for the best agricultural products. Though not con
ducted ones extensive a scale, or with as mach energy
as was necessary, it exercised a very beneficial in
fluence; every township in the county furnished com
petitors for the prizes, and there was scarcely a farmer
of any note in the county, who did not cultivate his fields
and rear his stock, with the hope of having his indus
try rewarded by a prize at the annual fair. If a simi
lar society were established now, on a more extended
plan, we would soon see an improvement in the cultiva
tion of the fertile fields of our noble county.
ANOTHER PROPOSITION FOR UNION .—We are in
formed that negotiations have been renewed between
the whip and blue-awes, to make some arrang„ements
by which one of the tickets now in the field will be
withdrawn. This proposition, no doubt, will be strong
ly urged by the blue-noses; they are conscious of the
hopeless condition of Antirnationry, and will make any
arrangement to escape the disgraceful defeat they would
certainlimeetwith, if they kept their ticket in the field
until the October election. We will give the particu
lars, as they have been told to us, to-morrow.
Phil-
LIESIG'S AGRICULTURAL Ceuxicrar.—The
adelphia Sun thus speaks of this work and its anther:
"Now comes this Justus Liebig, this young German
enthwiiast, tins College Robinson Crusoe, who won't
probtddy be laughed at in the Corn F. , knnle, as
spemla...tive visimiary, by the Tecuiesitig kruiyas, and
tolls them the secrets c.fatothereardi , 0 ye practical
leen; reject not licierice, contema . iot generale:mi .
'Ye farmers that goin a mill Mime track, look to the sin
gle hearted devotion of the august scholar and experi
menter, for truth. Believenot in the wisdom O. your
forefathers. Believe in present truth, in the accumu
lation of discovery. Read Liebig, and discover the
Great WHY of nature in her production of food.
Cr We are suspicious that some child Of ould Ire
land has been inveigled into the editorial chair of an
exchange paper; judging from the following paragraph
relative to the news from China:
"No event of general interest had transpired except
that the new Chinese Commissioner, appointed in
place of Elepoo, had not arrived there."
NARROW Esc PE.-A Cleveland paper gives an ac
count of a laughable mistake that occurred in that place
some days since. During a marriage ceremony, when
the parties appeared before the altar, the Rector ta
king the groomsman to belle happy man, placed him
alongside of the lovelybride, asked hint his name, and
proceeded with the ceremony, and got half way through
the first paragraph before the astonished groom recov
-ered sufficient self-possession to stop the worthy Rector,
and inform him that he was the principal and not the
assistant. An exchange of places was soon made,and
the services concluded without farther interruption—
all retiring from the church well satisfied that the af
fair was terminated as at first designed. We under
stand the groomsman has firmly resolved that he will
not place himself in so dangerous a position again, and
that next timt he appears before the altar, he will
stand there on his own account, and not as second for
another.
A Los o 14:1FL.-A whip paper expresses is wish
"that Nicholas Biddle may live long enough to have
his reputation vindicated by all honorable men." This
is eqUivalent to wishing that he might live forever, and
one day after.
$2,261 OS
r i gW" The Grand Jury of the U. S. Circuit Court at
New Orleans, have found true bills against Jno. M.
Breedlove and Marshall C. Holliday, for stealing and
altering cancelled Treasury notes from the New Or
leans Custom House.
The Jcry ignored the bills against Isaiah Ryngers
and Joseph G. Jewell, the two individuals who were
arrested in Washington City, and they were discharged
from bail. They will be &mined as witnesses.
A NEW Dtsn.—A correspondent of the Ncw York
Sun states that by Firing, quartering, and boiling cu
cumbers, a dish may be obtained in every respect sim
ilar to asparagus. In other words, dress the encum
bers iu dio same way you do asparagus, and you will
have a dish in no way inferior to this luxurious article.
It is worth a trial.
WON'T LET THEM I'ItEACII.—The Rev. Dr. Moore
announced from his pulpit at Richmond, Staten Island,
that no Puseyite should ever preach at his desk.
Mr anctt.—William Chrise and 1:111. - i.lth Frey,
were both lodged in the jail in Allegheny oounty, Md.,
(on Friday,) charged with the murder of Abram. Frey,
'husband of the woman. The murder was committed
on the 22d instant, and the body found within a short
distance of his own house on the lith. The case will
unrhrgo a legal investigation in October next. The
case is a horrible one, and when tried will go far to de
velope the wickedness of the human heart.
NON-INTRCSIONISTS.—The Synod of Canada,which
lately met in Toronto, passed resolutions declaring
their adherence to the principles which have occasion
ed the secession from the Church in Scotland.
A Mcnnr.a.En..l.7 L ARC/C.—The Leonarthown (-LI)
Herald of Thursday- says:—"William3, the murderer,
noticed in our last paper, is not yet arrested. We learn
that, since the in ird..:r of his wife, his son charges him
with murdering a pddiar who stopped at his house
some few years ago, whose body was buried in the cel
lar. If there ever was a case that appealed to the Ex
ecutive for a public proclamation, the one in question
justly demands the exercise of that power."
ANOTHER GREIT FIRE.—On the night of the 28th
ult., a fire broke out in Sanders' Print Works, in Prov
idence (R. I.) which destroyed the main building. The
Prov. Chronicle says:—"The 'fire originated in the hot
house, and raged with great fury, throwing its light a
broad upon the darkness, with the most striking effect.
The whole Heavens , were lighted up, and one could,
with even a moderate imagination, judge, what might
have been the appearanoe of things had Miller's proph
ecies proved true—steeples, masts, chimnies, all were
dipped with a deep red tinge.
The amount of property destroyed we have not accu
rately learned. It will fall short of $30,000 it is pre
sumed, a large part of which is covered by insurance.
The buildings were insured for $O,OOO —Engine $2,000 ,
Machines, $5,500, at differeat offices."
ANOTHER CoxET•—Professor Downes of the High
School Observatory of Philadelphia gives notice through
the papers of that city, that he has seen the comet dis
covered early in May last by M. Mauvais, Assistant of
the Paris Observatory. Professor D. adds—"On tom
puting the comet's place on Friday evening last, from
Rumken's elements, and setting the Franhofer Equa
torial, the comet appeared in the finder nearly in the
centre; its nucleus ispretty well defined as a planetary
nebula with a low power iu the Equatorial, in bright
ness the same as a star of the seventh magnitude. It is
surrounded with a nebulous envelope formiug a fan she_
ped tail, extending about two minutes space from the
-sun. It was followed about two hours, and exhibited
sensible motion among the stars. It rises about nine
o'clock in the evening.
GREAT Pic NIC IN CIbICINNATI. — The Cincinnati
Sun says:—"Day before yesterday, Mr. Moore, of our
city, gave a picnic party beyond the Mill Creek House
in the woods. About 500 persons were in attendance
and they fared most sumptuously at the expense of the
gentleman above named. The whole affair must have
cost him $lOOO. He even paid their tolls out and in.—
The Champagne &c. suffered some without doubt, and
by all reports a large number felt much enraptured
about the time of returning."
liznotNE is perhaps as peculiar a word as any in
our language• The first two letters of it are male, the
first three female, the first four a brave man, and the
whole word a brave woman; it runs thus—he, her, he-
re, heroine
GEL CASs.—The Washington, (1a.,) Register,
says that the late Democratic National Convention of
that District, passed resolutions in favor of Gen. Cass
as the Democratic candidate for the neat Presidency.
TIMELY AID.-CIIIMMIM William Vinal of the schoo
ner Mary, on Monday picked up a boy 12 or 14 years
of age, in Boston harbor during a squall. The lad was
in a small boat, over which he had no control, and must
have been lost but for Vintd's timely aid.
PARADISE POITED.-FrOM the following it would
seem that 'Paradise, which ibis been lost for several
rani, is hsour own State.
The on sum of a new Church willbe laid ILI Per
adna Learester county,-M, by the Bishop of the
case, on Monday, the 7th of August/mat.
Communicating.
FOR THE MORNING POST
In the selection of a candidate for Congress, should
the party be compelled to resort to a new nomination,
it will be necessary that every member of the Democra
cy should ask himself what objects are to be gained to
the country by a judicious selection, and what may be
lust by a choice of an improper individual, and then
to cast round amongst the candidates and select such
person as may best answer the public exigencies. Se
veral gentlemen have been named, any one of whom,
in talent, standing, ruad.moral worth, may fairly present
themselves to the public for the honor, but amongst
these there is undoubtedly a choice, and some of them
will be better able than the others to be useful in the
station. One of the most. prominent topics which will
be mooted in the next Congress is that of the tariff,
and when we take into view the very slender majority
by which the late increase of the duties upon foreign
manufactured articles was passed, and the extreme ne-_
cessity which drove the President to approve the bill,
.vve shall at onceoee the danger in which the question
is involved, and the importance of having a representa
tive of tact 13 well as talent to meet the exigencies,
and avail himself of every advantage in sustaining his
position.
.Another question involving our pacific relations with
Great Britain is that of the occupation of the Oregon
Territory, a matter of the most profound interest to the
Western States, and the discussion of which will re
quire not only temper and firmness, but some know
ledge of national law, and a minute acquaintance with
the intricate and contradictory features with which the
subject is perplexed.
The never failing question of the right of petition, as
involved in the annual flood of abolition memorials
pressed upon Congress, will have to undergo a dis
cussion in which courtesy and prudence will be indu
bitable requisites in any member who may enter into
the lists in favor of a right which will receive the un
doubted sanction of the free citizens of this county.
The right and policy of abolislihig slavery in the
District of Columbia; of preventing the sale of slaves
in that mart of human flesh, and commercial regula
tions prohibitory of transferring slaves as merchandize,
from state testate, will, in all probability, rouse con
troversies that will call into action all the resources
of any representative that has spirit and abilities wor
thy of his Allegheny constituents. Again, the admis
sion of Texas into the Union, its purchase, the necessity
of suppressing the bands of robbers and marauders that
assemble within its borders andplunder under its flag.
Thesesre all matters of the 'deepest interest,andinvolve
principles of the weightiest import to the well being,
security and stability of the country.
Independent of these and other matters of interest
likely to arise from the general concerns of the coußtry,
there are many of local interest, in which, by judicious
management, the expenditure of large sums of public
money maybe procured towards the improvement of
our navigation; the completion of our railways; the em
ployment of our manufacturers, and the location and
building of public works within our district of country;
all these require the exercise of prudence and discre
tion, courtesy of manners, a knowledge of mankind, a
considerable share of experience; indeed all things but
a narrow, contracted, selfish view of things. Which
of thecandirktes whose names have become prominent,
will be best adapted to take a decided stand in matters
ofsuch manifest importance, the Dalegates must de
termine, unless they are specially instructed by their
constituents. These hints are thrown out for public
consideration—whether they may be deemed worthy
of their reflection is respectfully submitted by a
DEMOCRAT.
FOR THE MORNING Post
Nits s as. En ITORS:—The publication of the long list
of names appended to the address to the court respect
ing tavern licences, in your yesterday's paper, was the
pleasantest sight I have seen in print for many months.
The female names stand forth in beautiful array. That
petition had some meaning in it. The signers have
!time purpose in view. It means to say, out and out,
t.C . MEI upright bench of Judges: "You have done your
duty to this county of Allegheny, in restricting tavern
licences according to law; we pray you, take encour
agement in your good work, and go ahead. Our pur
pose is to sustain the right, come what may come. Go
on, we pray you, in the name of High Heaven, whose
commission you bear as a terror to evil doers, and the
blessings of mothers, wives and sisters, shall come
upon you—and the blessings of fathers, husbands and
brothers too. Never mind the complaints of those who
clamor after- faoilities to do what they ought not to do,
and who would threaten and intimidate you for exercis
ing the very discretion that the laws enjoin. Never
mind those who seek their own selfish ends, at every
sacri;;ee of the comforts and well being of society, un
der pretext of asserting rights and resisting usurp&
tion."
No one has aright to keep a tavern, until the court
determines in its legal discretion to give him the right.
But many of those who have been denied licence, nev
er did keep a tavern—never designed to keep one. Not
they, indeed. A bed tosleepon, or even straws to ac
commodate their victims, never entered their minds.—
There was a time, in the olden days of merry England,
according to Smollet, when an advertisement like this
stood over the resorts of intemperance: "Half drunk for
so much—dead drunk for so much, and straw into the
bargain." But many of our modern hells lack even
this poor accommodation. The dead drunk must make
their beds on the pave or at the watch house. He is
indeed a strange sot, that would desire licence for those
who. after picking his pocket contrary to law, would
contrary to law turn him upon the town for a night's
lodging: I hope that list of names, male and female,
God bless them ! may be sent with the next O'Connell
contribution to Father Matthew. Let the Apostle of
Temperance see that the roots of the holy cause to which
he is devoted arc striking deep and spreading wide.—
Temperance at home and abroad is an noproptiv_e
watch-word for Liberty. Without it, Liberty can neith
er be reclaimed, retained or enjoyed, nor any thing else
worth having, either here or hereafter.
August lit, 1843. THE PEOPLE.
Messrs. Editors:—The new Water Works are now
finished, and I am informed that the Water Committee
is engaged in settling the accounts of contractots. his
currently reported that when the Carpenters' bill was
produced before the Committee, so startled was one of
the Committee, (Mr. Edgar, and himself a carpenter,)
at its enormity, that he refused his assent to his allow
ance. Now, sirs, I feel a great anxiety to see this bill,
as also the bills of the other contractors. It appears
to me that we tax-payers should have the privilege of
knowing the items of such a bill, when we have to fork
over the amount. And I therefore call on them to pro
duce the bill, that we may see if Mr. Edgar was right
in opposing its allowance, and if so, that we may mete
out the proper reward to the other members of the
Committee. The bill, gentlemen, let us have the
BILL. SOUTH WARD.
MONONGAHELA IMPROVEMENT
The Brownsville News brings the gratifying intelli
gence that on Saturday Ink, a contract was entered into
by the Monongahela Navigation Company, with Messrs.
Lothrop and Moorhead; to complete the unfinished por
tion of the Slack water navigation on the Monongahela
river, between Brownsville and Pittsburgh, and also to
repair the break in darn No. 1, made by the late rise in
the river.
In reference to this improvement the Brownsville pa
per has the following:
'When this improvement is finisbed, one great diffi
culty with which the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Co.
had to contend last spring, will be removed, that of for
warding goods in due time, and at fair prices from Cum
: berland to the bead of navigation. Then a large quan
tity of them bad to be transported over land by wagons
from Cumberland to Wheeling, a distance of 123 miles.
Goods arrived in large quantities by railroad, at Cum
berland, and in consequence of a scarcity of wagons,
much faster than they could be forwarded to Wheeling.
The wagoners taking advantage of the emergency, ex
: acted such exorbitant prices for carriage that western
merchants were under the necessity of seeking a cheap
' er route, and hence the falling off of the business of the
Great Central Route for the residue of the season.
But the distance of wagon carriage by making
Brownsville the head of Navigation will be curtailed
56 miles--so twat but little more than one half the wag
ons will be required to carry the same quantity of
goods; or the same number of wagons employed last
spring in carrying to Wheeling, will be enabled to carry
nearly double the quantity to Brownsville, the die:awe
only 73 miles.----Gazette.
Or The "Old Beebekw" is the natne of a vow pa
per to be published in Boston stm3ll-oetuutionaly. - Price
two cents.
pnowgwinummumomuninnm=l
Ftass AND Rummies OF Illus.—There were sight
fires and seven false alarms daring the past month.
NEST CONGRIS s --The democratic' majority in the
next Congress will be between forty and fifty. Of the
members already elected seventy.one are democrats and
eighteen coons. A pretty good change, we should say.
AUGUST ELECTIONS.—Elections take place to-day in
Alabama, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana and Kentucky,
and in Tennessee on the 7th. In all these states the
canvassing has been carried on with much warmth, and
we expect that both parties will have out their entire
strength.
In North Carolina, the election also takes place du
ring the present month.
is stated in the Philadelphia .pa
per.;, that Alpbonso Smith, a great rascal, recently par
duLe‘iby Governor Porter, attempted to pick the pock
ets of his Excellency a few days since. On being de
tected, he asked the Governor's pardon, and minted.
RAIN ALL ROG ND.—There Was a fine rain atPhila
delphia on last Saturday and Sunday. The crops in that
part of the state had suffered nearly as much from the
extreme drought as in this neighborhood.
Vicar Lotimr.—The editor of the N. Y. American
thinks the number of those who talk about and denounce
the sentiments of Dr. Pusey's sermon, is much greater
than those who read it.
INJUSTICE.-It appears by the Trumpet, that the
Universalists at Fall River, have been proscribed in the
distribution of relief to the sufferers. This is disgrace
ful to the parties concerned.
DELnce Tx ELECTIONS.—On next Monday evening,
the democrats of Philadelphia meet for the purpose of
electing Delegates. Much interest is felt throughout
the city in regarde the nomination of a ticket, and the
struggle at the delegate election, will be nearly as warm
as that which Will take place at the October election.
AGRICULTURE IN EICGLALID.—The Royal Agricul
tural Society in Eugland, now consists in upwards of
7000 members, no fewer than 1446 having been elected
last year. The amount of Society's Funded property is
£7,700. Various prizes were distributed last year, in
sums of from 50 to £2O.
A Tourni-rmt is to come off at tho Fauquier, Va.,
White Stilphur Springs, on Thursday the 31st of Au gust
rlr'The dwelling honse and buildings of Mr. Tho
mas Gleason, West Thomaston, Me., were destroyed by
fire on Thursday last; insured for $l,OOO. The fire
caught in the smile, and was undoubtedly the work of
an incendiary.
W'Two persons have been arrested in Schenecta
dy for passing counterfeit $1 bills of the Bank of
Rome.
A splendid locomotive of the largest class was
brought to Albany, from Philadelphia, by the Black
Diamond, for the Western Railroad.
Lotteries were abolished in France in 1833, togeth
er with the gambling-houses.
LIBERAL.—Messrs. Raymond & Co., the proprie
tors of the Menagerie, gave $3OO to the selectmen of
Fall River, for the relief of the suffering inhabitants of
that town.
Da' The "fortunate youth" who was presented with
a splendid fortune by his 'foreign relation, at Boston,
finds bis title bad, and his deeds forgeries.
l'aP At a Horticultural Exhibition at New York, a
man said, "This plant belongs to the Cactus family,
does it not, sir?" "No sir, it belongs to the Van Rena
selear family !" was the reply of the straight forward
attendant.
ommercial Illatters.
Toa.acco.—Upwards of ten thousand hogsheads
of tobacco have been received at this port this season,
and there is much more yet to arrive. The Planter's
Warehouse is overflowing, and the inspectors are now
using the Tuckahoe Tobacco Warehouse, on sth,
above Washington street, for storage purposes. If
there be any increase in the amount of the article next
year, our state Warehouse will not supply the required
room.—St. Louis Gaz.
This word echoes round the country. Almost every
paper, east, north, middle and west, has something to
Fay about waol. A dealer exhibited to US , a very soft
and silky sample of the first lot of wool that ever r.ach
ed this city. an iv- said, from NVisconsin. The parcel
was of all sorts of grades, and he paid twenty-tire cents
a pound it. Twenty thousand pounds are expected '
front Chicago, where a few years ago there was nei
ther wool nor anythi,:g else. A Michigan farmer re
cently sold his first year's clip in this city for three thou
sand dollars cash. The expense of transportation from
Chicago is not over three quarters of a cents pour.d.—
Our friends at the east must enlarge their home market
as rapidly as possible. or the wool of the h•muless west
will break over restraint and force itself to foreign mar
kets. "No pent up Utica," confines the power of the
West. Not only the "whole boundless continent," but j
the world must ba hers for a market. Land at ten shil
lings an acme, prepared by nature with ali the beauties
of an English nobleman's park. some of it in climates
where no provision needs to be made for winter. and
peopled by free, intellig,ent,yeornanry—can such a
try be shut up to a home market? Men who think so,
do not feel the impulse of the age, or appreciate the des
tiny of their country. The first forty years of this coun
try have astonished the world by the development of
what man can do, when freed from the craft of Kings
and priests. But the development is scarcely begun.—
The ten years bcf,re us will reveal more wonders than
fifty years behind us. A home market for the purchase
of American agriculture! The cotton crop of 1842 will
turn out something like two millions fourhundred thou
sand bales, of which the market will consume nearly
all besides the round two millions. Just so it is get
ting to be with the other products of agriculture. The
great planting interests will find themselves identified
very speedily.—N. Y. Jour. of Corn.
FOR THE POST
The debts of Europe is the subject of an interesting
article in a late number of Hunt's Magazine. From
this it appears that every nation in Europe without ex
ception, is heavily in debt. Each of the petty German
States pay a lame, amount of interest. The aggregate
of the debts of the thirty-nine sovereignties is 10.499,-
710,000 German dollars, equal to 82 cents of our cur
rency. The English debt swallows up in interest more
than half of the revenue out of which government is to
be supported. Debt about £Boo,ooo,ooo—interost
£23,000,000 a year. It would require ten millions a
year for 80 years to pay the principal of this immense
debt. We extract from the full table the following es
timates of the debts of the largest powers:
Debt. Average of debt to
Country. Doia.sits. earls inhabitant.
Holland, 800,000,000 $266
England, 5,566.000,000 222
Frankfort on the Main, 5,000.000 90
France, 1,800,000,000 54
Bremen, 3,000,000 54
Hamburg, 7,000.000 45
Denmark, 93,000,000 44
Greece, 44,000,000 44
Portugal, 142,000,000 38
Spain, 467,000,000 35
Austria, 380,000.000 31
Belgium 120,000,000 30
Para S tates, 67.000,000 - 26
Naples, 126,000,000 0
Prim* _ 150,00009 , . 11
Mini* and Pahuml, 4 45,000,000 - 9
WOOL
port of Piftebutg4.
Reposleel by Sheble and Mitchell, Gerterai Steam
Boat Agents. IVister street.
FOURTEEN INCHES WATER IN THE CHARNEL.
ARRIVED.
Warren, Ward, Beaver.
DEPARTED. ;
Rose of Sharon, Evans, Cincinnati,
Warren, Ward, Beaver.
All Boats marked thus (*) in the above list; wipe
vided with Evans's Safety Guard.
Commissioner.
We are authorized to announce Mr. JA=.
11088, of Upper SL Clair township, as a
for County Commissioner, subject to the action of the
Democratic Convention. sag 3-te
COUNTY TREASURER.
JACOB TOM ER, Esq. of Pitt township, well knor_r s .
to the Democracy of Allegheny county, as a staunch,
uniform Republican of the Jackson school, will ber
candidate for County Treasurer, subject to the decision
of the Democratic County Convention
aug 2—tc
COUNTY TREASURER
At the solicitation of many radical democrats, Mz.
SAMUEL McKEE, of Birmingham, has consented to
become a candidate for the office of County Treasurer
subject to the decision of the Dnmocratic County Coot.
vention. Of Mr. McKee it may be Lady said, to be
known is to he popular.
Man y Frinds of Cn run ming TVorth.
J 5% _k
The Committee to sham teas referred Me wawa*.
nication of the Mayor on the .s ubject of an Inane
Hospital, beg leave respectfully to
REPORT.
THE Committee have examined the Act of Asset&
bly, passed 4th April, 1838, and understand its
provisions as follows, vi=—lf the city of Pittsburgh
will give positive assurance of the subscription and
payment of the sum of $25,000, the State will give the
same amount, for the erection of an Insane Hospital,
to be located at Pittsburgh. It also contemplates •
fartter subscription of $5,000 by the Corporation of Al-
legheny; but the refusal or failure of this, will not affect
the state appropriation. The $25,000 to besubscribed
and paid by Pittsburgh is the condition oc which it is
proposed to be given.
In consideration of the amount given by the State,
the Hospital mast receive, free of expense, all insane
persons from the following Counties:—Washington.
Fayette,Greene, Westmoreland, Huntington, Somer. ,
erset, edford, Cambria, Potter, MlCean, Clearfield,
Tioga, Indiana, Jefferson, Armstrong, Butler, Warren,
Venango, Beaver, Mercer, Crawford and Erie.
From the above statemer.t it appears that for the pur
chase of a lot, and the erection of suitable buildings,
the annual and contingent expenses of such an institu
tion, all on which we certainly rely, would be $50,000.
The $5,000 from Allegheny city might be given: Some
thing might also beJexpected from the liberality of our
citizens who would desire to encourage so benevolent
an object; and what may be regarded as another con
tingency, the sixth section of the law provides that the
expenses of applicants shall be charged to their owe
account, so far as they may hare ability to defray
them.
In other circumstances your committee regin re—
commend the acceptante.of the State appropriation on
the terms and for the object proposed: though there ie.
one feature in the law which in no circumstances could'
they regard very favorably, what all must admit would
have been a necessary and equitable provision, yin--
that every County enjoying the benefits of the proposed
Hospital, should:be required to meet the ex - penn of
its own applicants, is entirely omitted; as it is, the ex
pense of supporting and securing the means of relief
to the indigent applicants of the whole western sea
tion of Pennsylvania, would in a great measure, if not
entirely, fall upon the community of Pittsburgh and *l
- appropriations were annually made by,.
the State Legislature. But we would not regard this
as an insuperable difficulty, as such provisiolmightset
beappended to the law, and no doubt would be, if ten
Legislature were petitioned to that effect. The glees
est difficulties to the mind of your committee; in pref.
ecuting this object at this time, growing out of our pres
ent peculiar circumstances. In addition to our pres
ent liabiltiies and embarrasment, the contemplated sub
scription to the Pennsylvania and Connelsville Et&
road. fur which the interests of our city so loudly enli,
will impose as heavy a tax upon our citizens as they
will be willing to endure for many years.
Desirable therefore as might be the establlskinent
of any asylum, in which the most afflicted of our raes
might enjoy some measure of comfort, if not receive
entire relief; and honorable as such an institution would
be to our city, your committee cannot recommend say
decisive measures to establish it, at this time, and
ask to be dismissed from the further consideration of
the subject.
Aug, 3.-dlt
A N ORDINANCE authorizinz, the Mayor to bar.
I`l row S;:: raou3alid ll)Ears, to pay for pipe,
Wari nacre.
Sectdm 1. Be it ofd._in , d and enacted by the ci&;
zees of Pittsbur4n. .n b 'ct and Common Councils
aasembled, that the be authorized to borrow on
the credit of the eity. td , -urn of Six Thousand DoDara,
and issue certificate , of fur the same, in sums not
less than o:ac hundred Dollars, bearing an interest of
six percent.. payable ha.f yearly, on the first days of.
April and October every year, which certificates shall:
not be redeemed without the consent of their holders,
before the first day of January, eighteen hundred and
fi its-four.
;'.2c. 2. Be it ordained and enacted, That the
faith, credit, funds, and corporate property of the City
of Pittsburgh, is hereby pledged far the payment of
said certificates. and the interest accruing thereon.
Sec. 3. The proceeds of said certificates are hereby
set apart for the payment for new pipes, and the expets.
see of laying the same, and taking up and relaying tbe
old pipe now used for conveying the water from the the
to the Basin on Grant's Hill.
- -.-. -
Ordained and enacted into a Law in Councils, this
31st day of July, A. D., 1841.
WM. Pres't C. C.
E. J. ROBERTS, Cl'k C. C.
JOHN SI-LIPTON, Pres't S. C.
A. MILLi-n, Cl'k S. C. Aug. 3-433 t.
A N ORDINANCE respecting sales of Horses aed
A
Cattle at Auction.
Section 1. Be it ordained and enacted by died&
rens of Pittsburgh, in Select and Common Councils an
s2mbled, That from and after the passage of this Or-
dinance, it shall not be lawful for any person to
fur sale at Auction any Horse, Ox, Cow, or
any Street, Alley, or Square belonging to the City,
tm
der the penalty of five dollars, to be recovered es re
vided in other cases, ono half to go to the city, and its
other to the prosecutor, and all Ordinances, or parts ,
thereof, inconsistent with the present Ordinance, ways"'
hereby repealed.
Ordained and enacted into a Law in Councils, Ale
31st day of July, A. 1).,1843.
WM. EICHBALTM, President C. C. -
E. J. ROBERTS, Clerk C. C.
JOHN SII IPTON, President S. C. •
A. MILLAR, Clerk S. C. Aug. 3-43 t.
(„ 41, TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
. 44 4 H
ORSE LOST.—Strayed from Salmi
Gamble's, near Dunningsviiie, Washi4ip. a
county, Pa. , on the night of the 15th ult., 8. large Bar . •
Horse, without any particular marks; 14 or 15 hands
high, and between 6 and 7 years of age. Her a few ,
white hairs in his forehead. Whoever will rotten
him to Samuel Gamble, near Duningsville, or to assat
Pittsburgh, shall receive the above reward
aug i. P. MTJLVANY.
nr The Washington Examiner, Uniontown Genius
of Liberty, Wheeling Argus, Brownsville News, and
Waynesburgh Messenger, insert three times each, mad
paper to advertiser, and charge this office.
FENN 01811MANO8 00.
THE first election of Nine Directors of this Iradus
tioa will be held at the Monongahela Howl a.
Thursday the 3d day of August, • between 1 00 *
hours of 9 o'clock, A. hi., sod 4. P. 111., by order,
R. MILLER, IL, Seer !
To tho CassatissisisserlN
A 9 OLD DIMOCRAT
WILLIAM KERR.
THOS. MITCHELL,
THOS. K. LITCH.
.:~~.